| 1. |
- Ahlberg, Erik, et al.
(författare)
-
"Vi klimatforskare stödjer Greta och skolungdomarna"
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - 1101-2447.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- DN DEBATT 15/3. Sedan industrialiseringens början har vi använt omkring fyra femtedelar av den mängd fossilt kol som får förbrännas för att vi ska klara Parisavtalet. Vi har bara en femtedel kvar och det är bråttom att kraftigt reducera utsläppen. Det har Greta Thunberg och de strejkande ungdomarna förstått. Därför stödjer vi deras krav, skriver 270 klimatforskare.
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| 2. |
- Ahlberg, Simon, et al.
(författare)
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An information fusion demonstrator for tactical intelligence processing in network-based defense
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Information Fusion. - : Elsevier BV. - 1566-2535 .- 1872-6305. ; 8:1, s. 84-107
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI) has developed a concept demonstrator called the Information Fusion Demonstrator 2003 (IFD03) for demonstrating information fusion methodology suitable for a future Network Based Defense (NBD) C4ISR system. The focus of the demonstrator is on real-time tactical intelligence processing at the division level in a ground warfare scenario. The demonstrator integrates novel force aggregation, particle filtering, and sensor allocation methods to create, dynamically update, and maintain components of a tactical situation picture. This is achieved by fusing physically modelled and numerically simulated sensor reports from several different sensor types with realistic a priori information sampled from both a high-resolution terrain model and an enemy organizational and behavioral model. This represents a key step toward the goal of creating in real time a dynamic, high fidelity representation of a moving battalion-sized organization, based on sensor data as well as a priori intelligence and terrain information, employing fusion, tracking, aggregation, and resource allocation methods all built on well-founded theories of uncertainty. The motives behind this project, the fusion methods developed for the system, as well as its scenario model and simulator architecture are described. The main services of the demonstrator are discussed and early experience from using the system is shared.
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| 3. |
- Brembeck, Helene, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring Children’s foodscapes
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings from the 4th International Conference on Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Child and Teen Consumption. June 21-23 2010, Campus Norrköping, Sweden.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Brembeck, Helene, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring children's foodscapes
- 2013
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Ingår i: Children's Geographies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1473-3285 .- 1473-3277. ; 11:1, s. 74-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, we discuss children’s becoming as food consumers in the intersection of various foodscapes. We draw from a project, Children as co-researchers of foodscapes, where we have been working with children as co-researchers, using basically ethnographic methods, and as co-designers in a collaborative design effort. This article focuses on the findings from a theoretically inspired perspective, using the concept of foodscapes. These are food-related structures of different kinds, which evolve as the child explores them and where children as food consumers are generated. In this article, we highlight the scapes of taste, routines, people, things, commerce, child (as opposed to adult) and health and give brief accounts of the way the children related to them. Finally, we turn to the benefits of working with foodscapes for a better understanding of children’s becoming as food consumers in the intersection of various foodscapes. This article is based on data gathered by the children, but also on our fieldwork notes and observations following the children in their foodscapes.
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| 5. |
- Dave, Nishi, et al.
(författare)
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Nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infections and mortality during unique COVID-19 epidemic waves
- 2023
-
Ingår i: JAMA Network Open. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2574-3805. ; 6:11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Importance: Quantifying the burden of nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infections and associated mortality is necessary to assess the need for infection prevention and control measures.Objective: To investigate the occurrence of nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infections and associated 30-day mortality among patients admitted to hospitals in Region Stockholm, Sweden.Design, Setting, and Participants: A retrospective, matched cohort study divided the period from March 1, 2020, until September 15, 2022, into a prevaccination period, early vaccination and pre-Omicron (period 1), and late vaccination and Omicron (period 2). From among 303 898 patients 18 years or older living in Region Stockholm, 538 951 hospital admissions across all hospitals were included. Hospitalized admissions with nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infections were matched to as many as 5 hospitalized admissions without nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 by age, sex, length of stay, admission time, and hospital unit.Exposure: Nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection defined as the first positive polymerase chain reaction test result at least 8 days after hospital admission or within 2 days after discharge.Main Outcomes and Measures: Primary outcome of 30-day mortality was analyzed using time-to-event analyses with a Cox proportional hazards regression model adjusted for age, sex, educational level, and comorbidities.Results: Among 2193 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections or reinfections (1107 women [50.5%]; median age, 80 [IQR, 71-87] years), 2203 nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infections were identified. The incidence rate of nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infections was 1.57 (95% CI, 1.51-1.64) per 1000 patient-days. In the matched cohort, 1487 hospital admissions with nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infections were matched to 5044 hospital admissions without nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infections. Thirty-day mortality was higher in the prevaccination period (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 2.97 [95% CI, 2.50-3.53]) compared with period 1 (AHR, 2.08 [95% CI, 1.50-2.88]) or period 2 (AHR, 1.22 [95% CI, 0.92-1.60]). Among patients with nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infections, 30-day AHR comparing those with 2 or more doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and those with less than 2 doses was 0.64 (95% CI, 0.46-0.88).Conclusions and Relevance: In this matched cohort study, nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infections were associated with higher 30-day mortality during the early phases of the pandemic and lower mortality during the Omicron variant wave and after the introduction of vaccinations. Mitigation of excess mortality risk from nosocomial transmission should be a strong focus when population immunity is low through implementation of adequate infection prevention and control measures.
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| 6. |
- Johansson, Pierre, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment Based Information Needs in Manual Assembly
- 2017
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Ingår i: 24th International Conference on Production Research, ICPR 2017. - Lancaster, Pennsylvania, USA : DEStech Publications. - 9781605955070 ; :ICPR 2017, s. 366-371
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To handle the complex and flexible manufacturing of today it is vital to have well functional information systems for the operators so that they know when, what and where to assemble. The current designs of assembly work instructions differ much between companies, but also between plants within the same company. The digitalization trends and initiatives such as Industry 4.0 show the manufacturing industry the advantages to incorporate new methods and tools into their businesses. Even though manufacturing IT systems are designed to be adaptive to product and volume changes, they are still widely characterized by their rigid structures. Making large changes to manufacturing IT systems with comprehensive structures is complex and requires large amounts of resources. Therefore, it is important for the manufacturing companies to make the correct investments. In previous studies, two current state analyses have been conducted with the aim to map manufacturing engineering processes and IT systems producing assembly work instructions in a mass customization context. This paper presents results from the third part of a longitudinal study which focuses on identifying operators’ information needs in manual assembly of heavy vehicles. This third study aims to identify the information gap between the current state and the wanted state by assessing information needs at 13 assembly stations in three plants belonging to a global production network. The purpose is to identify design requirements for future assembly information systems enabling the practical use of the digitalization.
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| 7. |
- Abualhoul, Mohammad Y., et al.
(författare)
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Free space optical link for biomedical applications
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS. - 1557-170X. - 9781424441198 ; , s. 1667-1670
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Free space optics is an interesting alternative for telemetry with medical implants, due to the high data bandwidths available at optical frequencies. Especially implanted brain-computer interfaces gives rise to large data sets that needs to be transmitted transcutaneous. In this paper we show that it is possible to establish such a link at near-IR wavelengths using a modulated reflector in the implant, thus keeping the laser and the detector on the outside. In addition, we show that it will not only work on short, i.e. touch, distances but also at larger distances, in the range of a meter. We have used an electro absorption modulator to modulate the reflection of an external laser source back towards an external detector. The only part of this system that needs to be implanted is the modulator and drive electronics. The study has been done both by Monte-Carlo simulations of a multi-layer model of a rat skull, and with an experiment demonstrating the feasibility of the link when transmitted through biological tissue. The results show that it is possible to establish a transcutaneous link with an external laser source and light detector, and an internal modulated reflector.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Patrik, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Framtidsbilder för samhällsbyggnad
- 2006
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Framtidsbilder för samhällsbyggnad 2020De kommande 15 åren står institutionen för Bygg- och miljöteknik inför stora förändringar. Därför har institutionen initierat projektet Framtidsbilder 2020 där man engagerat en framtidspanel bestående av elva yngre disputerade forskare. Arbetet inleddes med ett breddgruppsmöte där 110 personer representerande institutionens personal och studenter deltog. Vid mötet identifierades ett antal trender och osäkra utvecklingar som påverkar framtiden inom samhällsbyggnadsområdet. Deltagarna bidrog också med idéer till en önskvärd utveckling, vilket har sammanställts och utgör grunden till en gemensam önskvärd framtid/vision för institutionen. Materialet från breddgruppsmötet har bearbetats av Framtidspanelen och resulterat i fyra scenarier som beskriver hur samhällsbyggnadsområdet kan se ut år 2020. Syftet med framtidsbilderna är att de ska vara vägledande för institutionens beslut och förhållningssätt under de kommande åren.Fyra scenarierTurning TorsoSamhället präglas av en ekonomi som är på uppgång, och av ett nytänkande och öppet samhälle. Materiell status och individualism är viktigt. Detta leder till en hög arbetsbelastning samt krav på exklusiva varor av hög kvali-tet. Det finns en stor medvetenhet om miljöpåverkan och klimatförändringar och lösningarna för att klara energiförsörjningen är innovativa.Eco-metropolenDet sveper en grön våg genom dagens samhälle. Under de senaste 15 åren har vi insett att jorden skall vara en bebolig plats även åt dem som kommer efter oss. Vi söker ständigt efter nya, mer förfinade metoder att tillvarata de resurser vi har. Samhället och individen är i balans. Ekonomin är god och vi är miljömedvetna, trygga och integrerade. Nytänkande premieras och icke- materialistiska värderingar står högt i kurs. Vi tänker individuellt, men agerar mer än gärna för kollektivets bästa. Utbildning är gratis TrädgårdsstadenEtt samhälle där vi lärt oss hantera stress, men känner oss otrygga och helst umgås i slutna sociala sammanhang. Vi bor enkelt inne i stan, eller gärna på landsbygden nära storstäderna. Minskade behov av högutbildade i samhället gör att vi har svårt att rekrytera studenter till teknikutbildningar. Det traditionella tankesättet leder till kulturkrockar med företag och personer från andra länder.Gated communitiesFörsämrad ekonomi och ökad egoism har lett fram till ett stressat, otryggt och segregerat samhälle. Accelererande klimatförändringar och ökad miljö-påverkan skrämmer oss, men trots det åtgärdar vi inte problemen, utan koncentrerar oss på konsekvenserna. Arbetslöshet i samhällsbyggnadssek-torn leder till sänkt status för samhällsbyggaren. Vi har därför svårt att rekrytera studenter, och även forskningen har låg status.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Asghar, Naveed, et al.
(författare)
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Tick-borne encephalitis virus sequenced directly from questing and blood-feeding ticks reveals quasispecies variance.
- 2014
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - San Francisco, USA : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increased distribution of the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) in Scandinavia highlights the importance of characterizing novel sequences within the natural foci. In this study, two TBEV strains: the Norwegian Mandal 2009 (questing nymphs pool) and the Swedish Saringe 2009 (blood-fed nymph) were sequenced and phylogenetically characterized. Interestingly, the sequence of Mandal 2009 revealed the shorter form of the TBEV genome, similar to the highly virulent Hypr strain, within the 3' non-coding region (3'NCR). A different genomic structure was found in the 3'NCR of Saringe 2009, as in-depth analysis demonstrated TBEV variants with different lengths within the poly(A) tract. This shows that TBEV quasispecies exists in nature and indicates a putative shift in the quasispecies pool when the virus switches between invertebrate and vertebrate environments. This prompted us to further sequence and analyze the 3'NCRs of additional Scandinavian TBEV strains and control strains, Hypr and Neudoerfl. Toro 2003 and Habo 2011 contained mainly a short (A)3C(A)6 poly(A) tract. A similar pattern was observed for the human TBEV isolates 1993/783 and 1991/4944; however, one clone of 1991/4944 contained an (A)3C(A)11 poly(A) sequence, demonstrating that quasispecies with longer poly(A) could be present in human isolates. Neudoerfl has previously been reported to contain a poly(A) region, but to our surprise the re-sequenced genome contained two major quasispecies variants, both lacking the poly(A) tract. We speculate that the observed differences are important factors for the understanding of virulence, spread, and control of the TBEV.
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| 11. |
- Aspenström, Pontus, et al.
(författare)
-
The diaphanous-related formin DAAM1 collaborates with the Rho GTPases RhoA and Cdc42, CIP4 and Src in regulating cell morphogenesis and actin dynamics
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Experimental Cell Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0014-4827 .- 1090-2422. ; 312:12, s. 2180-2194
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Binding partners for the Cdc42 effector CIP4 were identified by the yeast two-hybrid system, as well as by testing potential CIP4-binding proteins in coimmunoprecipitation experiments. One of the CIP4-binding proteins, DAAM1, was characterised in more detail. DAAM1 is a ubiquitously expressed member of the mammalian diaphanous-related formins, which include proteins such as mDia1 and mDia2. DAAM1 was shown to bind to the SH3 domain of CIP4 in vivo. Ectopically expressed DAAM1 localised in dotted pattern at the dorsal side of transfected cells and the protein was accumulated in the proximity to the microtubule organising centre. Moreover, ectopic expression of DAAM1 induced a marked alteration of the cell morphology, seen as rounding up of the cells, the formation of branched protrusions as well as a reduction of stress-fibres in the transfected cells. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that DAAM1 bound to RhoA and Cdc42 in a GTP-dependent manner. Moreover, DAAM1 was found to interact and collaborate with the non-receptor tyrosine kinase Src in the formation of branched protrusions. Taken together, our data indicate that DAAM1 communicates with Rho GTPases, CIP4 and Src in the regulation of the signalling pathways that co-ordinate the dynamics of the actin filament system.
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| 12. |
- Axelsson, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
-
Truck Platooning Business Case Analysis
- 2020
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this report we describe results from the work on business case analysis of the Sweden for Platooning (S4P) project. Platooning has the potential to contribute to the on-going transformation of the transport sector by reducing environmental impact, saving fuel, as well as (to a lesser extent) by improving traffic flow and safety and in the long run reducing driver hours. In order to fulfil these promises, it must be shown that there are viable business cases for all involved actors. This report describes the analysis of truck platooning business cases performed in the S4P project.Some of the main findings are that there is a significant potential for reducing fuel consumption and hence CO2 exhaust through platooning; that waiting on the order of minutes for a platooning opportunity is reasonable but that taking another route is probably not; that it is necessary to have mediating services that help platoons to form and share the costs and benefits associated with platooning; and that there are different possible ways of implementing a system for sharing the benefits.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Bengtsson, Andreas, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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Improved Success Probability with Greater Circuit Depth for the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Physical Review Applied. - 2331-7019. ; 14:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Present-day, noisy, small or intermediate-scale quantum processors-although far from fault tolerant-support the execution of heuristic quantum algorithms, which might enable a quantum advantage, for example, when applied to combinatorial optimization problems. On small-scale quantum processors, validations of such algorithms serve as important technology demonstrators. We implement the quantum approximate optimization algorithm on our hardware platform, consisting of two superconducting transmon qubits and one parametrically modulated coupler. We solve small instances of the NP (nondeterministic polynomial time)-complete exact-cover problem, with 96.6% success probability, by iterating the algorithm up to level two.
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| 15. |
- Bergh, Pontus, 1976-
(författare)
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Interorganisatoriska lärandenätverk för chefer från små och medelstora företag
- 2006
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Målet med föreliggande studie är att skapa en ökad förståelse för chefers lärande i konstruerade interorganisatoriska lärandenätverk. Studien kan bidra till utvecklingen av både praktik och teori. På praktisk nivå kan resultaten ligga till grund för beslut om deltagande i lärandenätverk samt hur man kan konstruera dessa nätverk. På teoretisk nivå ger studien en ökad kunskap om vilka läranderesultat som kan uppnås i nätverken samt en ökad förståelse för den specifika lärandesituationen. Intresset för denna studie ligger sålunda i om, och i så fall hur ett konstruerat lärandenätverk kan motsvara de behov av, och förutsättningar för lärande och kompetensutveckling som chefer i små och medelstora företag har. Den teoretiska referensramen i denna studie bygger på en kombination av teoretiska paradigm om lärande samt tidigare forskning om vuxenpedagogik och interorganisatoriska nätverk. Det empiriska exemplet på ett konstruerat interorganisatoriskt lärandenätverk är det nationella utvecklingsprogrammet krAft. I huvudsak baseras analyserna i denna studie på tolkningar av intervjuer med deltagarna i krAft-nätverket vid olika tidpunkter i det ett år långa programmet. Informationen från intervjuerna har även fått ett stöd av och validerats med information från andra datainsamlingsmetoder såsom deltagande observation, frågeguider, lärstilstest och skriftliga redogörelser i samband med presentationer i nätverket. Erfarenheterna från denna jämförande fallstudie tyder liksom tidigare forskning på att ett konstruerat interorganisatoriskt lärandenätverk kan vara en fungerande form och metod för lärande hos de deltagande cheferna från små och medelstora företag. De läranderesultat som deltagarna i nätverket upplevde sig ha fått kategoriserades som kognitiva (kunskapsmässiga), psykodynamiska (emotionella) och sociala (samverkansmässiga). En syntes av de tre typerna av läranderesultat kan dessutom utgöra en förändringskompetens. Analysen av läranderesultaten visar att lärandenätverk har sin främsta styrka i att uppnå psykodynamiska och sociala läranderesultat, med vilka även kognitiva läranderesultat befrämjas. Studien visar också att de tre dimensionerna i lärandesituationen (aktör, relation och design) på olika sätt påverkar vad och hur deltagarna i nätverket lär sig. Ett viktigt bidrag med studien är slutligen att genom de åtta propositionerna i det sista kapitlet ge avstamp för fortsatt forskning.
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| 16. |
- Bergh, Pontus, 1976-
(författare)
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Learning among entrepreneurs in formal networks : Outcomes, processes and beyond
- 2009
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation focuses on how entrepreneurs learn to acquire entrepreneurial knowledge and competence, which ultimately can open doors to business success. Contemporary critics suggest that programs designed to develop general competence are not sufficiently relevant to these entrepreneurs. On the other hand, scholars and practitioners have recently noticed that external relations in formal learning networks can be a notable opportunity for learning in entrepreneurs. The aim of this dissertation is to elaborate on the processes and outcomes of government supported learning networks among entrepreneurs who work in small and medium sized enterprises. It draws on reports of four separate but interrelated research studies that author conducted. The research described in the dissertation is based on multiple theoretical perspectives, methodologies, and data sources. To gain a full understanding of the experiences of the different network participants, as well as the interactive processes within the learning network, data were collected from multiple sources: interviews, participant observation, and videotaping. The conclusions stated in appended paper 1 and 2 are primarily based on the interviews, but they are also supported by the observations and written material. Paper three focuses on the videos in combination with the interviews. Finally, to complement the qualitative research with insights regarding the relationships among trust, learning, and self-efficacy, the last paper reports the results of a quantitative survey study. The dissertation makes several major contributions to knowledge. First and foremost, by combining entrepreneurship theory and learning theory, it describes the outcomes that can emerge from formal learning networks and shows how these outcomes can have entrepreneurial consequences. Second, it suggests how the learning situation can be characterized and describes an appropriate learning environment for entrepreneurs from small and medium sized enterprises. The research also contributes to theory on how trust in formal learning networks is built and how this trust contributes to entrepreneurial learning. At the same time, it shows that the potential benefits derived from trust cannot be realized without incorporating the entrepreneur’s level of self-efficacy in the analysis. The dissertation concludes by offering suggestions for exploiting learning and business opportunities through the construction and utilization of learning networks.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Berglund, Aseel, et al.
(författare)
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Using speech and dialogue for interactive TV navigation
- 2004
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Ingår i: Universal Access in the Information Society. - : Springer. - 1615-5289 .- 1615-5297. ; 3:3-4, s. 224-238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interaction techniques for interactive television (iTV) are currently complex and difficult to use for a wide-range of viewers. Few previous studies have dealt with the potential benefits of multimodal dialogue interaction in the context of iTV for the purpose of flexibility, usability, efficiency, and accessibility. This paper investigates the benefits of introducing speech and connected dialogue for iTV interaction, and presents a case study in which a prototype system was built allowing users to navigate the information space and control the operation of the TV by a speech-based natural language interface. The system was evaluated by analysing the user experience in five categories capturing essential aspects of iTV interaction: interaction style, information load, data access, effectiveness and initiative. Design considerations relevant for speech and dialogue information systems for TV interfaces also emerged from the analysis.
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| 20. |
- Berglund, Erik, 1993-
(författare)
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Novel Hessian approximations in optimization algorithms
- 2022
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There are several benefits of taking the Hessian of the objective function into account when designing optimization algorithms. Compared to using strictly gradient-based algorithms, Hessian-based algorithms usually require fewer iterations to converge. They are generally less sensitive to tuning of parameters and can better handle ill-conditioned problems. Yet, they are not universally used, due to there being several challenges associated with adapting them to various challenging settings. This thesis deals with Hessian-based optimization algorithms for large-scale, distributed and zeroth-order problems. For the large-scale setting, we contribute with a new way of deriving limited memory quasi-Newton methods, which we show can achieve better results than traditional limited memory quasi-Newton methods with less memory for some logistic and linear regression problems. For the distributed setting, we perform an analysis of how the error of a Newton-step is affected by the condition number and the number of iterations of a consensus-algorithm based on averaging, We show that the number of iterations needed to solve a quadratic problem with relative error less than ε grows logarithmically with 1/ε and also with the condition number of the Hessian of the centralized problem. For the zeroth order setting, we exploit the fact that a finite difference estimate of the directional derivative works as an approximate sketching technique, and use this to propose a zeroth order extension of a sketched Newton method that has been developed to solve large-scale problems. With the extension of this method to the zeroth order setting, we address the combined challenge of large-scale and zeroth order problems.
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| 21. |
- Berntsson, Lars-Olof, et al.
(författare)
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EAST-ADL 2.0 Specification
- 2008
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- This specification of the EAST ADL 2.0 is based on the EAST-ADL developed in the EAST EEA projectand has been further refined and harmonized with on-going modelling appraches in the automotiveindustry. It presents the modeling infrastructure, i.e. how the modeling elements should be represented inthe language and the UML representation. For each package a usage example is provided.The EAST-ADL 2.0 is harmonized with AUTOSAR.The metamodel and UML profile of EAST ADL 2.0 is defined in two steps: A domain (automotive)metamodel is defined, capturing only the domain specific needs of the language, without adding the UML2details. The basic concepts of UML are used for this purpose, such as classes, compositions andassociations. Based on the domain metamodel, a UML2 profile for the domain metamodel is defined,specifying stereotypes with properties and constraints.Comments on the content of this document are welcomed, and should be directed to .Please download the latest available specification and the XMI file ready for use in UML2 tools from the website.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Boström, Pontus, 1982, et al.
(författare)
-
SNARE proteins mediate fusion between cytosolic lipid droplets and are implicated in insulin sensitivity.
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Nature cell biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1465-7392 .- 1476-4679. ; 9:11, s. 1286-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The accumulation of cytosolic lipid droplets in muscle and liver cells has been linked to the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Such droplets are formed as small structures that increase in size through fusion, a process that is dependent on intact microtubules and the motor protein dynein. Approximately 15% of all droplets are involved in fusion processes at a given time. Here, we show that lipid droplets are associated with proteins involved in fusion processes in the cell: NSF (N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive-factor), alpha-SNAP (soluble NSF attachment protein) and the SNAREs (SNAP receptors), SNAP23 (synaptosomal-associated protein of 23 kDa), syntaxin-5 and VAMP4 (vesicle-associated membrane protein 4). Knockdown of the genes for SNAP23, syntaxin-5 or VAMP4, or microinjection of a dominant-negative mutant of alpha-SNAP, decreases the rate of fusion and the size of the lipid droplets. Thus, the SNARE system seems to have an important role in lipid droplet fusion. We also show that oleic acid treatment decreases the insulin sensitivity of heart muscle cells, and this sensitivity is completely restored by transfection with SNAP23. Thus, SNAP23 might be a link between insulin sensitivity and the inflow of fatty acids to the cell.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Braunerhjelm, Pontus, et al.
(författare)
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Industriella kluster, tillväxt och ekonomisk politik
- 1998
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Ingår i: Ekonomisk Debatt. - Stockholm : Nationalekonomiska föreningen. - 0345-2646. ; 26:6, s. 419-430
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sedan 1970-talets mitt har tillväxten i svensk ekonomi legat under OECDs genomsnitt, andelen sysselsättning i den privata sektorn minskat och den industriella förnyelsen varit svag. Viktiga orsaker till skillnader i tillväxttakter och industriell dynamik som lyfts fram i senare års forskning är dels kunskapsackumulering, dels sättet att organisera industriell produktion med betoning på decentraliserade strukturer och klusterformationer. I föreliggande artikel analyseras i vilken utsträckning skillnader i industriell dynamik i USA och Sverige kan hänföras till förekomsten av sådana klusterbildningar, samt hur dessa klusters kunskapsintensitet och sammansättning skiljer sig mellan länderna.
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| 28. |
- Braunerhjelm, Pontus, et al.
(författare)
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The Determinants of Spatial Concentration : The Manufacturing and Service Sectors in an International Perspective
- 2003
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Ingår i: Industry and Innovation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1366-2716 .- 1469-8390. ; 10:1, s. 41-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study is concerned with determinants of spatial concentration in both the manufacturing and service sectors in Sweden during the period 1975-93. By implementing a detailed data-set on the regional distribution of production, the study is addressed first to the degree of regional concentration in Sweden through Ellison-Glaeser indexes and regional Ginicoefficients. It is shown that concentration is considerably stronger in the manufacturing sector than in the service sector. Moreover, the differences have widened over time. In services, knowledge intensity seems to promote concentration to a larger extent than in manufacturing. An econometric examination is then conducted of the determinants of spatially concentrated industries in the manufacturing sector. Results indicate that production technology and the historical distribution of production seem to exert a stronger influence on location than non-pecuniary knowledge externalities. Finally, the degree of regional concentration in Sweden is compared with France and the USA. We find that concentration in production is more pronounced in Sweden than in these other countries.
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| 29. |
- Braunerhjelm, Pontus, et al.
(författare)
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The Old and the New : The Evolution of Polymer and Biomedical Clusters in Ohio and in Sweden
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of evolutionary economics. - : Springer. - 0936-9937 .- 1432-1386. ; 10:5, s. 471-488
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines the rapid growth of the polymer-based and biomedical clusters in Ohio and Sweden – two regions of similar size and with similar traditions undergoing similar industrial restructuring.Two issues are addressed: First, why has growth been so strong in these particular clusters, i.e., can we identify the sources of the growth and dynamics in these sectors? Second, why do these two clusters differ in Ohio and Sweden in terms of size, level and type of activity, number and composition of actors, size structure of firms and growth patterns over the last couple of decades? In particular, what is the role of public policies as well as cultural, historical, and geographic factors?Our main conclusions are (1) that there is strong path dependence in both clusters in both countries, and (2) that the key to rapid development is a high absorptive capacity combined with rapid diffusion to new potential users. Our policy discussion addresses these issues.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Brynielsson, Joel, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of Weak Signals for Detecting Lone Wolf Terrorists
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the IEEE European Intelligence and Security Informatics Conference 2012 (EISIC 2012). ; , s. 197-204
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lone wolf terrorists pose a large threat to modern society. The current ability to identify and stop these kind of terrorists before they commit a terror act is limited since they are very hard to detect using traditional methods. However, these individuals often make use of Internet to spread their beliefs and opinions, and to obtain information and knowledge to plan an attack. Therefore, there is a good possibility that they leave digital traces in the form of weak signals that can be gathered, fused, and analyzed.In this work we present an analysis method that can be used to analyze extremist forums to profile possible lone wolf terrorists. This method is conceptually demonstrated using the FOI Impactorium fusion platform. We also present a number of different technologies that can be used to harvest and analyze information from Internet, serving as weak digital traces that can be fused using the suggested analysis method, in order to discover possible lone wolf terrorists.
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| 32. |
- Brynielsson, Joel, et al.
(författare)
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Using Temporal Analytics for Early Discovery of Upcoming Threats
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Symposium on Technology and Methodology for Security and Crisis Management 2011 (TAMSEC 2011). ; , s. 16-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- An ocean of data is available on the web. From this ocean of data, information can in theory be extracted and used by analysts for detecting emergent trends. However, to do this manually is a daunting and nearly impossible task. We describe an implemented semi-automatic system in which data is automatically collected from selected sources, and to which linguistic analysis is applied to extract, e.g., entities and events. The extracted information is automatically transformed into OSINT reports which are clustered and visualized. The user can interact with the system in order to obtain a better awareness of historic as well as emergent trends.
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| 33. |
- Bylund, Per-Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Injuries sustained during snow removal from roofs resulting in hospital care
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-7300 .- 1745-7319. ; 23:1, s. 105-109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Clearing snow from roofs causes serious injuries annually. The aim of this study was to describe injury mechanisms, injury panorama, and injury incidence in connection to this activity. A specific aim was to study the association between snow depth and injury incidence. A total of 95 people were injured during four study periods. The risk of injury is strongly associated with snow depth, and the incidence varied up to 10-fold between the studied winter seasons. The majority of injuries (91; 96%) occurred during leisure time and only four people were injured in the occupational setting. The most common injury mechanism was falling off roofs or ladders of residential homes. Nearly 60% sustained moderate or serious injuries (Maximum Abbreviated Injury Scale [MAIS] 2-3), and fractures accounted for almost half of all injuries. Because roofs of single-family homes in Sweden usually do not require snow removal for heavy snow loads, these injuries may have been both unnecessary and avoidable. Further education is required to advise the public on the risks associated with snow removal from roofs.
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| 34. |
- Dahlin, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Combining Entity Matching Techniques for Detecting Extremist Behavior on Discussion Boards
- 2012
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Ingår i: Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM), 2012. - : IEEE. - 9781467324977 - 9780769547992 ; , s. 850-857
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many extremist groups and terrorists use the Web for various purposes such as exchanging and reinforcing their beliefs, making monitoring and analysis of discussion boards an important task for intelligence analysts in order to detect individuals that might pose a threat towards society. In this work we focus on how to automatically analyze discussion boards in an effective manner. More specifically, we propose a method for fusing several alias (entity) matching techniques, that can be used to identify authors with multiple aliases. This is one part of a larger system, where the aim is to provide the analyst with a list of potential extremist worth investigating further.
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| 35. |
- Dahlin, Torleif, et al.
(författare)
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A Guide to Resistivity Investigation and Monitoring of Embankment Dams
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The resistivity method is an established geophysical method with a broad range of engineering and environmental applications. It has been tried numerous times on embankment dams, mainly for seepage investigations, dam status control and investigations of known defects. In previous use of the method on embankment dams some success has been reported, but only occasionally. The method is still not completely adapted to customary industrial use, although there is rapid progress.The purpose of this guide is to help the user to optimize use of the resistivity method for dam status control and dam seepage investigations. For this purpose the guide covers resistivity survey design, equipment, data acquisition and other practical issues. The guide includes a few recent examples, where the method has been used both for investigation and for long-term monitoring. To get the full picture, the guide also briefly covers theoretical discussions on the method. It is assumed that the reader of this guide is acquainted with basic theory of geophysics and knowledge about design and function of embankment dams. The method can be used in two ways. Firstly, resistivity investigations as a one time survey may detect spatially anomalous zones along the dam, and can be used to investigate suspected structural weaknesses. Secondly, long-term resistivity monitoring make use of the seepage-induced seasonal variation inside the embankment to detect anomalies not only in space, but more importantly in time, by studying deviations from the time-variation pattern. The second approach is more powerful as repetition of measurements provides additional evaluation possibilities for seepage analysis. The use of the resistivity method on embankment dams can be challenging and the anomalies are often small. Complicating factors for interpretation, such as for instance complex dam geometry, plentiful noise sources, rather small signals and reservoir level fluctuations are discussed. Advantageous factors for the method are also mentioned. These include it being non-destructive, the possibility to cover large volumes, the possibility to install on existing dams and the sensitivity of the method to changes in material properties and seepage flow among others. The monitoring approach is based on the principle that the resistivity in an embankment dam varies seasonally, mainly due to variations in temperature and ion content of the seepage water. Both these parameters vary seasonally, and their variation in the dam depends on the seepage flow. This implies that areas in the dam with larger seepage may stand out as areas with larger seasonal resistivity variation, and increasing seepage may be noticed as increasing variations. Moreover, material change due to washout of fines, may be detectable through resistivity measurements implying that trends of changing resistivity over time may relate to internal erosion. This guide also discusses practical aspects of performing resistivity measurements on dams. Most common is still to perform 2D-measurements using an array of electrodes placed along a line. The complex geometry of the dam leaves two options, i.e. measurements where the survey line is placed along the dam, usually along the dam crest, or measurements where the survey line crosses the dam axis. The latter is often difficult to conduct in practise but whenever possible, it is a good complement providing detailed information in a specific part of the dam. Using a survey line along the dam is the most straightforward option and provides information on a larger part of the dam, although less detailed. The final choice of survey design should always depend on site-specific conditions.Standard resistivity surveying equipment is used for dam investigations. For repeated measurements it is advisable to leave the electrodes in the ground between measurements. It is essential to make sure that good electrode contact is provided, especially in the case of permanent installations where the contact can often not be improved after installation works are completed. Processing of resistivity data includes data quality assessment, inverse numerical modelling and presentation and analysis of the results. Data quality is preferably checked in the field, typically by examining the pseudosection. Standard inversion packages may be used for data processing of 2D-measurements. Interpretation should be made with as much reference data as possible. A few case studies from Scandinavia are briefly presented, and some other examples in literature are referred to. Based on experiences from the case studies it is confirmed that long-term monitoring is more powerful than one time surveys, which however still may be useful in many cases. Repeated measurements confirm that resistivity variations inside the dams are obvious. A zone with an increasing resistivity trend has been detected at one of the dams. This may be explained by ongoing internal erosion, which is supported by other observations but has not been confirmed by direct investigations in the zone. Under good circumstances quantitative seepage evaluation from resistivity monitoring data can be performed.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Dahlstrand, Ursula, et al.
(författare)
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Costs Related to Diverting Ileostomy After Rectal Cancer Surgery: A Population-Based Healthcare Cost Analysis Based on Nationwide Registers
- 2023
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Ingår i: Inquiry. - Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage Publications. - 0046-9580 .- 1945-7243. ; 60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Low anterior resection for rectal cancer often includes a diverting loop-ileostomy to avoid the severe consequences of anastomotic leakage. Reversal of the stoma is often delayed, which can incur health-care costs on different levels. The aim is to, on population basis, determine stoma-related costs, and to investigate habitual and socioeconomic factors associated to the level of cost. Multi-register design with data from the Swedish Rectal Cancer Registry, the National Prescribed Drug Register, Statistics Sweden and cost-administrative data from the National Board of Health and Welfare. Data was gathered for 3564 patients with rectal cancer surgery 2007 to 2013, for 3 years following the surgery. Factors influencing the cost of inpatient care and stoma-related consumables were assessed with linear regression analyses. All monthly costs were higher for females (consumables P
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Ekstedt, Mathias, et al.
(författare)
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Consistent enterprise software system architecture for the CIO : a utility-cost based approach
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2004. - 0769520561
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previously, business operations of most large companies were supported by a number of isolated software systems performing diverse specific tasks, from real-time process control to administrative functions. In order to better achieve business goals, these systems have in recent years been extended, and more importantly, integrated into a company-wide system in its own right, the enterprise software system. Due to its history, this system is composed of a considerable number of heterogeneous and poorly understood components interacting by means of equally diverse and confusing connectors. To enable informed decision-making, the Chief Information Officer (CIO), responsible for the overall evolution of the company's enterprise software system, requires management tools. This paper proposes enterprise software system architecture (ESSA) as a foundation for an approach for managing the company's software system portfolio. In order to manage the overwhelming information amounts associated with the enterprise software system, this approach is based on two concepts. Firstly, the approach explicitly relates the utility of knowledge to the cost of its acquisition. The utility of knowledge is derived from the increased value of better-informed decision-making. The cost of knowledge acquisition is primarily related to the resources spent on information searching. Secondly, the approach focuses on ensuring the consistency of the architectural model.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- EL Andaloussi, Samir, et al.
(författare)
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Induction of splice correction by cell-penetrating peptide nucleic acids
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Gene Medicine. - : Wiley. - 1099-498X .- 1521-2254. ; 8:10, s. 1262-1273
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundDirecting splicing using oligonucleotides constitutes a promising therapeutic tool for a variety of diseases such as β-thalassemia, cystic fibrosis, and certain cancers. The rationale is to block aberrant splice sites, thus directing the splicing of the pre-mRNA towards the desired protein product. One of the difficulties in this setup is the poor bioavailability of oligonucleotides, as the most frequently used transfection agents are unsuitable for in vivo use. Here we present splice-correcting peptide nucleic acids (PNAs), tethered to a variety of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), evaluating their mechanism of uptake and ability to correct aberrant splicing.MethodsHeLa cells stably expressing luciferase containing an aberrant splice site were used. A previously described PNA sequence, capable of correcting the aberrant splicing, was conjugated to the CPPs, Tat, penetratin and transportan, via a disulfide bridge. The ability of the CPP-PNA conjugates to correct splicing was measured, and membrane disturbance and cell viability were evaluated using LDH leakage and WST-1 assays. Lysosomotropic agents, inhibition of endocytosis at 4 °C and confocal microscopy were used to investigate the importance of endocytosis in the uptake of the cell-penetrating PNAs.ResultsAll the three CPPs were able to promote PNA translocation across the plasma membrane and induce splice correction. Transportan (TP) was the most potent vector and significantly restored splicing in a concentration-dependent manner. Interestingly, TP also rendered a concentration-dependent splice correction in serum, in contrast to Tat and penetratin. Addition of the lysosomotrophic agent chloroquine increases the splice correction efficacy of the CPP-PNA conjugates up to 4-fold, which together with experiments at 4 °C and the visual information from confocal microscopy, indicate that the mechanism of uptake responsible for internalization of CPP-PNA conjugates is mainly endocytic. Finally, co-localization studies with dextran further indicate that conjugates, at least in the case of TP, internalize via endocytosis and in particular macropinocytosis.ConclusionsThese data demonstrate that CPPs can be used for the delivery of splice-correcting PNAs, with potential to be used as a therapeutic approach for regulating splicing in a variety of diseases. Transportan presents itself as the overall most suitable vector in this study, generating the most efficient conjugates for splice correction.
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| 45. |
- Elmqvist Möller, Christel, et al.
(författare)
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Divided exhaust period : a gas exchange system for turbocharged SI engines
- 2005
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Ingår i: SAE Paper 2005-01-1150. - 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States : SAE.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The necessity to limit the boost pressure in turbocharged gasoline engines results in higher exhaust pressure than inlet pressure at engine speeds when the wastegate is opened. This imbalance has a negative influence on the exhaust scavenging of the engine and results in high levels of residual gas and consequently the engine is more prone to knock.
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| 46. |
- Engström, Emma, PhD, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Comparing and modeling the use of online recommender systems
- 2024
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Ingår i: Computers in Human Behavior Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2451-9588. ; 15
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explores a new way to model the adoption of AI, specifically online recommender systems. It aims to find factors that can explain the variation in usage in terms of differences between individuals and differences over technologies. We analyzed survey data from users of online platforms in the U.S. using a two-level structural equation model (SEM) (N = 1007). In this model, the dependent variable was the usage rate, which was defined as the share of time a person used a particular recommender system (e.g., “People You May Know”) when they use the platform (e.g., Facebook). The individual responses (within-systems level) were clustered in the 26 recommender systems (between-systems level). We hypothesized that three technology-specific factors, adapted from the Diffusion of Innovations (DOI) theory and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2), could explain the variations in usage at both levels: perceived performance expectancy (PE), perceived effort expectancy (EE), and perceived hedonic motivation (HM). Our estimated model showed that usage was associated with PE and HM at the within-system level and only with PE at the between-system level. A considerable part of the variation in usage across the 26 systems could be explained by PE only (R2 = 0.30). The most important contribution to practitioners is that this study provides evidence for the idea that there are inherent, measurable differences across recommender technologies that affect their usage rates, and specifically it finds usefulness to be a key factor. This is potentially valuable for app developers and marketeers who look to promote the adoption of novel recommender systems. The main contribution to the literature is that it presents a proof-of-concept of a two-level model for AI adoption, conceptualizing it as an effect of both variations over users and variations over applications. This finding is potentially valuable for policymakers, as better predictive models might enable improved assessments of AI's social implications. In future studies, the two-level approach presented here could be applied to other forms of AI, such as voice assistants, chatbots, or Internet of Things (IoT).
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Fyhr, Pontus, et al.
(författare)
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Production Cost Case Generation by a Recursive Monte-Carlo Method in Electrical Machine Production
- 2014
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Ingår i: [Host publication title missing].
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electrical machine production is a multi-disciplinary area, comprising traditional mechanical processes such as sheet metal cutting, chemical processes for insulation and electrical for the working principles. In manufacturing, high throughput automation of coilwinding and sheet-cutting is combined with complex assembly, such as slotting the coils, often performed manually, but with increasing interest in automation. Followed by inherently slow processes such as the curing of resins for insulation, this poses a very difficult challenge for production system designers. Selecting the most efficient combination of low and high cycle time processes, appropriate levels of automation and sufficient buffer levels, while minimizing investments and work in progress costs.
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| 49. |
- Graff, Pål, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating Measuring Techniques for Occupational Exposure during Additive Manufacturing of Metals : A Pilot Study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Industrial Ecology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1088-1980 .- 1530-9290. ; 21:Suppl. 1, s. S120-S129
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Additive manufacturing that creates three-dimensional objects by adding layer uponlayer of material is a new technique that has proven to be an excellent tool for themanufacturing of complex structures for a variety of industrial sectors. Today, knowl-edge regarding particle emissions and potential exposure-related health hazards forthe operators is limited. The current study has focused on particle numbers, masses,sizes, and identities present in the air during additive manufacturing of metals. Mea-surements were performed during manufacturing with metal powder consisting es-sentially of chromium, nickel, and cobalt. Instruments used were Nanotracer (10 to300 nanometers [nm]), Lighthouse (300 nm to 10 micrometers), and traditional filter-basedparticle mass estimation followed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Resultsshowed that there is a risk of particle exposure at certain operations and that particle sizestended to be smaller in recycled metal powder compared to new. In summary, nanosizedparticles were present in the additive manufacturing environment and the operators wereexposed specifically while handling the metal powder. For the workers’ safety, improvedpowder handling systems and measurement techniques for nanosized particles will possiblyhave to be developed and then translated into work environment regulations. Until then,relevant protective equipment and regular metal analyses of urine is recommended.
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| 50. |
- Grahn, Pontus, et al.
(författare)
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Centralized Versus Distributed State Estimation for Hybrid AC/HVDC Grid
- 2017
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Ingår i: IEEE International Conference on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies, (ISGT Europe 2017). - : IEEE conference proceedings. ; , s. 2222-2227
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The need of transmission grid expansion has drawn the attention towards high voltage DC (HVDC) as a solution.This brings new challenges for power system control application such as state estimation that are originally designed for AC power system. This papers studies centralized and distributed architecturesfor hybrid AC/HVDC state estimator (SE). Furthermore, the benefit of having bad data detection (BDD) and deploying phasor measurement units (PMU) in the state estimation are investigated. The method used for the SE is the weighted least square (WLS) method. The SE will be developed based on the power grid model ’The CIGRE B4 DC Grid Test System’. Theresults of the tests show that the addition of BDD and PMU improved the error of the estimated values. Furthermore the distributed architecture offered slightly less accurate AC values than the centralized.
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