| 1. |
- Abazov, V. M., et al.
(författare)
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The upgraded DO detector
- 2006
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 565:2, s. 463-537
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The DO experiment enjoyed a very successful data-collection run at the Fermilab Tevatron collider between 1992 and 1996. Since then, the detector has been upgraded to take advantage of improvements to the Tevatron and to enhance its physics capabilities. We describe the new elements of the detector, including the silicon microstrip tracker, central fiber tracker, solenoidal magnet, preshower detectors, forward muon detector, and forward proton detector. The uranium/liquid -argon calorimeters and central muon detector, remaining from Run 1, are discussed briefly. We also present the associated electronics, triggering, and data acquisition systems, along with the design and implementation of software specific to DO.
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| 2. |
- Abazov, V. M., et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of the t(t)over-bar production cross section in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.96 TeV using secondary vertex b tagging
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology. - 1550-7998 .- 1550-2368. ; 74:11, s. 112004-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report a new measurement of the t (t) over bar production cross section in p (beta) over bar collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV using events with one charged lepton (electron or muon), missing transverse energy, and jets. Using 425 pb(-1) of data collected using the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider, and enhancing the t (t) over bar content of the sample by tagging b jets with a secondary vertex tagging algorithm, the t (t) over bar production cross section is measured to be sigma(p (t) over bar -> t (t) over bar +X)=6.6 +/- 0.9(stat+syst) +/- 0.4(lum) pb. This cross section is the most precise D0 measurement to date for t (t) over bar production and is in good agreement with standard model expectations.
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| 3. |
- Bozzola, Tiago, et al.
(författare)
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Sialic Acid Derivatives Inhibit SiaT Transporters and Delay Bacterial Growth
- 2022
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Ingår i: Acs Chemical Biology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1554-8929 .- 1554-8937. ; 17:7, s. 1890-1900
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antibiotic resistance is a major worldwide concern, and new drugs with mechanistically novel modes of action are urgently needed. Here, we report the structure-based drug design, synthesis, and evaluation in vitro and in cellular systems of sialic acid derivatives able to inhibit the bacterial sialic acid symporter SiaT. We designed and synthesized 21 sialic acid derivatives and screened their affinity for SiaT by a thermal shift assay and elucidated the inhibitory mechanism through binding thermodynamics, computational methods, and inhibitory kinetic studies. The most potent compounds, which have a 180-fold higher affinity compared to the natural substrate, were tested in bacterial growth assays and indicate bacterial growth delay in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. This study represents the first example and a promising lead in developing sialic acid uptake inhibitors as novel antibacterial agents.
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| 4. |
- Rolles, D., et al.
(författare)
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Femtosecond x-ray photoelectron diffraction on gas-phase dibromobenzene molecules
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 0953-4075 .- 1361-6455. ; 47:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present time-resolved femtosecond photoelectron momentum images and angular distributions of dissociating, laser-aligned 1,4-dibromobenzene (C6H4Br2) molecules measured in a near-infrared pump, soft-x-ray probe experiment performed at an x-ray free-electron laser. The observed alignment dependence of the bromine 2p photoelectron angular distributions is compared to density functional theory calculations and interpreted in terms of photoelectron diffraction. While no clear time-dependent effects are observed in the angular distribution of the Br(2p) photoelectrons, other, low-energy electrons show a pronounced dependence on the time delay between the near-infrared laser and the x-ray pulse.
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| 5. |
- Sanchez-Gonzalez, A., et al.
(författare)
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Auger electron and photoabsorption spectra of glycine in the vicinity of the oxygen K-edge measured with an X-FEL
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics B-Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 0953-4075 .- 1361-6455. ; 48:23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the first measurement of the near oxygen K-edge auger spectrum of the glycine molecule. Our work employed an x-ray free electron laser as the photon source operated with input photon energies tunable between 527 and 547 eV. Complete electron spectra were recorded at each photon energy in the tuning range, revealing resonant and non-resonant auger structures. Finally ab initio theoretical predictions are compared with the measured above the edge auger spectrum and an assignment of auger decay channels is performed.
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| 6. |
- Walmsley, T., et al.
(författare)
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Characterizing the multi-dimensional reaction dynamics of dihalomethanes using XUV-induced Coulomb explosion imaging
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - 0021-9606. ; 159:14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Site-selective probing of iodine 4d orbitals at 13.1 nm was used to characterize the photolysis of CH2I2 and CH2BrI initiated at 202.5 nm. Time-dependent fragment ion momenta were recorded using Coulomb explosion imaging mass spectrometry and used to determine the structural dynamics of the dissociating molecules. Correlations between these fragment momenta, as well as the onset times of electron transfer reactions between them, indicate that each molecule can undergo neutral three-body photolysis. For CH2I2, the structural evolution of the neutral molecule was simultaneously characterized along the C-I and I-C-I coordinates, demonstrating the sensitivity of these measurements to nuclear motion along multiple degrees of freedom.
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| 7. |
- Cheng, Yu Chen, et al.
(författare)
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Imaging multiphoton ionization dynamics of CH3I at a high repetition rate XUV free-electron laser
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics B-Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 0953-4075 .- 1361-6455. ; 54:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- XUV multiphoton ionization of molecules is commonly used in free-electron laser experiments to study charge transfer dynamics. However, molecular dissociation and electron dynamics, such as multiple photon absorption, Auger decay, and charge transfer, often happen on competing time scales, and the contributions of individual processes can be difficult to unravel. We experimentally investigate the Coulomb explosion dynamics of methyl iodide upon core-hole ionization of the shallow inner-shell of iodine (4d) and classically simulate the fragmentation by phenomenologically introducing ionization dynamics and charge transfer. Under our experimental conditions with medium fluence and relatively long XUV pulses (similar to 75 fs), we find that fast Auger decay prior to charge transfer significantly contributes to the charging mechanism, leading to a yield enhancement of higher carbon charge states upon molecular dissociation. Furthermore, we argue for the existence of another charging mechanism for the weak fragmentation channels leading to triply charged carbon atoms. This study shows that classical simulations can be a useful tool to guide the quantum mechanical description of the femtosecond dynamics upon multiphoton absorption in molecular systems.
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| 8. |
- Eremina, R. M., et al.
(författare)
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Magnetization and specific heat of the dimer system CuTe(2)O(5)
- 2011
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal B. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6028 .- 1434-6036. ; 84:3, s. 391-395
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on magnetization and specific heat measurements on single-crystalline CuTe(2)O(5). The experimental data are directly compared to theoretical results for two different spin structures, namely an alternating spin-chain and a two-dimensional (2D) coupled dimer model, obtained by Das et al. [Phys. Rev. B 77, 224437 (2008)]. While the analysis of the specific heat does not allow to distinguish between the two models, the magnetization data is in good agreement with the 2D coupled dimer model.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Ganguly, S., et al.
(författare)
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Coincidence study of core-ionized adamantane: site-sensitivity within a carbon cage?
- 2022
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Ingår i: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1463-9076 .- 1463-9084. ; 24:47, s. 28994-29003
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate the fragmentation dynamics of adamantane dications produced after core-ionization at the carbon edge followed by Auger decay. The combination of high-resolution electron spectroscopy, energy-resolved electron-ion multi-coincidence spectroscopy and different theoretical models allows us to give a complete characterization of the processes involved after ionization. We show that energy- and site-sensitivity is observed even for a highly-symmetric molecule that lacks any unique atomic site.
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| 11. |
- Garg, D., et al.
(författare)
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Fragmentation Dynamics of Fluorene Explored Using Ultrafast XUV-Vis Pump-Probe Spectroscopy
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Physics. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-424X. ; 10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the use of extreme ultraviolet (XUV, 30.3 nm) radiation from the Free-electron LASer in Hamburg (FLASH) and visible (Vis, 405 nm) photons from an optical laser to investigate the relaxation and fragmentation dynamics of fluorene ions. The ultrashort laser pulses allow to resolve the molecular processes occurring on the femtosecond timescales. Fluorene is a prototypical small polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). Through their infrared emission signature, PAHs have been shown to be ubiquitous in the universe, and they are assumed to play an important role in the chemistry of the interstellar medium. Our experiments track the ionization and dissociative ionization products of fluorene through time-of-flight mass spectrometry and velocity-map imaging. Multiple processes involved in the formation of each of the fragment ions are disentangled through analysis of the ion images. The relaxation lifetimes of the excited fluorene monocation and dication obtained through the fragment formation channels are reported to be in the range of a few tens of femtoseconds to a few picoseconds.
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| 12. |
- Hansen, T. F., et al.
(författare)
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MicroRNA-126 and epidermal growth factor-like domain 7-an angiogenic couple of importance in metastatic colorectal cancer. Results from the Nordic ACT trial
- 2013
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Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1532-1827 .- 0007-0920. ; 109:5, s. 1243-1251
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: This study investigated the clinical importance of linked angiogenetic biomarkers to chemotherapy, combined with the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor A (anti-VEGF-A), as a first-line treatment in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Methods: A total of 230 patients from a randomised phase III study were included. The primary microRNA-126 (pri-miRNA-126) A24G single-nucleotide polymorphism and the mature miRNA-126 were analysed by PCR using genomic DNA (full blood) and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections, respectively. The epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 (EGFL7) protein was visualised and quantified using immunohistochemistry. Results: High tumour expression of miRNA-126 was significantly related to a longer progression-free survival. The independent prognostic value of miRNA-126 was confirmed using a Cox regression analysis (hazard ratio = 0.49, 95% confidence interval = 0.29-0.84, P = 0.009). Although not significant, a relationship between EGFL7 expression and response rates is suggested, with EGFL7 expression at the invasive front being lower in responding patients than in the non-responders (P = 0.063). Conclusion: The results validate the previous findings on the prognostic value of miRNA-126 in mCRC and may suggest a relationship between treatment efficacy and EGFL7 expression. As miRNA-126 may target VEGF-A as well as EGFL7, the results may provide predictive information in relation to next-generation anti-angiogenetics.
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| 13. |
- Johnsson, Jesper, et al.
(författare)
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Functional outcomes associated with varying levels of targeted temperature management after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest — An INTCAR2 registry analysis
- 2020
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Ingår i: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 146, s. 229-236
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Targeted temperature management (TTM) after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) has been recommended in international guidelines since 2005. The TTM-trial published in 2013 showed no difference in survival or neurological outcome for patients randomised to 33 °C or 36 °C, and many hospitals have changed practice. The optimal utilization of TTM is still debated. This study aimed to analyse if a difference in temperature goal was associated with outcome in an unselected international registry population. Methods: This is a retrospective observational study based on a prospective registry — the International Cardiac Arrest Registry 2. Patients were categorized as receiving TTM in the lower range at 32–34 °C (TTM-low) or at 35–37 °C (TTM-high). Primary outcome was good functional status defined as cerebral performance category (CPC) of 1–2 at hospital discharge and secondary outcome was adverse events related to TTM. A logistic regression model was created to evaluate the independent effect of temperature by correcting for clinical and demographic factors associated with outcome. Results: Of 1710 patients included, 1242 (72,6%) received TTM-low and 468 (27,4%) TTM-high. In patients receiving TTM-low, 31.3% survived with good outcome compared to 28.8% in the TTM-high group. There was no significant association between temperature and outcome (p = 0.352). In analyses adjusted for baseline differences the OR for a good outcome with TTM-low was 1.27, 95% CI (0.94–1.73). Haemodynamic instability leading to discontinuation of TTM was more common in TTM-low. Conclusions: No significant difference in functional outcome at hospital discharge was found in patients receiving lower- versus higher targeted temperature management.
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| 14. |
- Kelkensberg, F., et al.
(författare)
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XUV ionization of aligned molecules
- 2011
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Ingår i: Physical Review A (Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics). - 1050-2947. ; 84:5, s. 051404-051404
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) light sources such as high-order-harmonic generation (HHG) and free-electron lasers (FELs), combined with laser-induced alignment techniques, enable novel methods for making molecular movies based on measuring molecular frame photoelectron angular distributions. Experiments are presented where CO2 molecules were impulsively aligned using a near-infrared laser and ionized using femtosecond XUV pulses obtained by HHG. Measured electron angular distributions reveal contributions from four orbitals and the onset of the influence of the molecular structure.
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| 15. |
- Lee, J. W. L., et al.
(författare)
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The kinetic energy of PAH dication and trication dissociation determined by recoil-frame covariance map imaging
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics - PCCP. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1463-9076 .- 1463-9084. ; 24:38, s. 23096-23105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated the dissociation of dications and trications of three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), fluorene, phenanthrene, and pyrene. PAHs are a family of molecules ubiquitous in space and involved in much of the chemistry of the interstellar medium. In our experiments, ions are formed by interaction with 30.3 nm extreme ultraviolet (XUV) photons, and their velocity map images are recorded using a PImMS2 multi-mass imaging sensor. Application of recoil-frame covariance analysis allows the total kinetic energy release (TKER) associated with multiple fragmentation channels to be determined to high precision, ranging 1.94-2.60 eV and 2.95-5.29 eV for the dications and trications, respectively. Experimental measurements are supported by Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics (BOMD) simulations.
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| 16. |
- Lee, J. W.L., et al.
(författare)
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Time-resolved relaxation and fragmentation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons investigated in the ultrafast XUV-IR regime
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) play an important role in interstellar chemistry and are subject to high energy photons that can induce excitation, ionization, and fragmentation. Previous studies have demonstrated electronic relaxation of parent PAH monocations over 10-100 femtoseconds as a result of beyond-Born-Oppenheimer coupling between the electronic and nuclear dynamics. Here, we investigate three PAH molecules: fluorene, phenanthrene, and pyrene, using ultrafast XUV and IR laser pulses. Simultaneous measurements of the ion yields, ion momenta, and electron momenta as a function of laser pulse delay allow a detailed insight into the various molecular processes. We report relaxation times for the electronically excited PAH*, PAH(+*) and PAH(2+*) states, and show the time-dependent conversion between fragmentation pathways. Additionally, using recoil-frame covariance analysis between ion images, we demonstrate that the dissociation of the PAH(2+) ions favors reaction pathways involving two-body breakup and/or loss of neutral fragments totaling an even number of carbon atoms. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons play an important role in interstellar chemistry, where interaction with high energy photons can induce ionization and fragmentation reactions. Here the authors, with XUV-IR pump-probe experiments, investigate the ultrafast photoinduced dynamics of fluorene, phenanthrene and pyrene, providing insight into their preferred reaction channels.
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| 17. |
- Manschwetus, B., et al.
(författare)
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Ultrafast ionization and fragmentation dynamics of polycyclic atomatic hydro-carbons by XUV radiation
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Free Electron Laser. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588. ; 1412
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the interstellar medium polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon molecules (PAH) are exposed to strong ionizing radation leading to complex organic photochemistry. We investigated these ultrafast fragmentation reac-tions after ionization of the PAHs phenanthrene, fluorene and pyrene at a wavelength of 30.3 nm using pump probe spectroscopy at a free electron laser. We observe double ionization and afterwards hydrogen abstraction and acetylene loss with characteristic time scales for the reaction processes below one hundred femtoseconds.
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| 18. |
- Mazza, T., et al.
(författare)
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Mapping Resonance Structures in Transient Core-Ionized Atoms
- 2020
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Ingår i: Physical Review X. - 2160-3308. ; 10:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The nature of transient electronic states created by photoabsorption critically determines the dynamics of the subsequently evolving system. Here, we investigate K-shell photoionized atomic neon by absorbing a second photon within the Auger-decay lifetime of 2.4 fs using the European XFEL, a unique high-repetition-rate, wavelength-tunable x-ray free-electron laser. By high-resolution electron spectroscopy, we map out the transient Rydberg resonances unraveling the details of the subsequent decay of the hollow atom. So far, ultra-short-lived electronic transients, which are often inaccessible by experiments, were mainly inferred from theory but are now addressed by nonlinear x-ray absorption. The successful characterization of these resonances with femtosecond lifetimes provides the basis for a novel class of site-specific, nonlinear, and time-resolved studies with strong impact for a wide range of topics in physics and chemistry.
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| 19. |
- Meltzer, Carin, et al.
(författare)
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Quantification of Pulmonary Pathology in Cystic Fibrosis-Comparison Between Digital Chest Tomosynthesis and Computed Tomography.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Radiation protection dosimetry. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1742-3406 .- 0144-8420. ; 195:3-4, s. 434-442
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital tomosynthesis (DTS) is currently undergoing validation for potential clinical implications. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential for DTS as a low-dose alternative to computed tomography (CT) in imaging of pulmonary pathology in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF).DTS and CT were performed as part of the routine triannual follow-up in 31 CF patients. Extent of disease was quantified according to modality-specific scoring systems. Statistical analysis included Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (r) and Krippendorff's alpha (α).The median effective dose was 0.14 for DTS and 2.68 for CT. Intermodality correlation was very strong for total score and the subscores regarding bronchiectasis and bronchial wall-thickening (r=0.82-0.91, P<0.01). Interobserver reliability was high for total score, bronchiectasis and mucus plugging (α=0.83-0.93) in DTS.Chest tomosynthesis could be a low-dose alternative to CT in quantitative estimation of structural lung disease in CF.
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| 20. |
- Neoričić, L., et al.
(författare)
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Resonant two-photon ionization of helium atoms studied by attosecond interferometry
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Physics. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-424X. ; 10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study resonant two-photon ionization of helium atoms via the 1s3p, 1s4p and 1s5p P-1(1) states using the 15(th) harmonic of a titanium-sapphire laser for the excitation and a weak fraction of the laser field for the ionization. The phase of the photoelectron wavepackets is measured by an attosecond interferometric technique, using the 17(th) harmonic. We perform experiments with angular resolution using a velocity map imaging spectrometer and with high energy resolution using a magnetic bottle electron spectrometer. Our results are compared to calculations using the two-photon random phase approximation with exchange to account for electron correlation effects. We give an interpretation for the multiple pi-rad phase jumps observed, both at and away from resonance, as well as their dependence on the emission angle.
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| 21. |
- Orgel, Csilla, et al.
(författare)
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Gridmapping the Northern Plains of Mars: A New Overview of Recent Water‐ and Ice‐Related Landforms in Acidalia Planitia.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research - Planets. - 2169-9100. ; 124:2, s. 454-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We used a grid‐mapping technique to analyze the distribution of 13 water‐ and ice‐related landforms in Acidalia Planitia as part of a joint effort to study the three main basins in the northern lowlands of Mars, that is, Acidalia, Utopia, and Arcadia Planitiae. The landforms were mapped at full Context Camera resolution along a 300‐km‐wide strip from 20°N to 84°N. We identified four landform assemblages: (1) Geologically recent polar cap (massive ice), which superposes the latitude‐dependent mantle (LDM) (LA1); (2) ice‐related landforms, such as LDM, textured terrain, small‐scale polygons, scalloped terrain, large‐scale viscous flow features, and gullies, which have an overlapping distribution (LA2); (3) surface features possibly related to water and subsurface sediment mobilization (LA3; kilometer‐scale polygons, large pitted mounds, small pitted mounds, thumbprint terrain); and (4) irregularly shaped pits with raised rims on equator‐facing slopes. Pits are likely the result of an energetic release of volatiles (H2O, CO2, and CH4), rather than impact‐, volcanism‐, or wind‐related processes. LDM occurs ubiquitously from 44°N to 78°N in Acidalia Planitia. Various observations suggest an origin of air fall deposition of LDM, which contains less ice in the uppermost tens of meters in Acidalia Planitia than in Arcadia and Utopia Planitiae. However, LDM may be thicker and more extended in the past in Acidalia Planitia. The transition between LDM‐free terrain and LDM is situated further north than in Utopia and Arcadia Planitiae, suggesting different past and/or present climatic conditions among the main basins in the northern lowlands.
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| 22. |
- Ramsdale, Jason D., et al.
(författare)
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Gridmapping the northern plains of Mars: Geomorphological, Radar and Water-Equivalent Hydrogen results from Arcadia Plantia.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research - Planets. - 2169-9100. ; 124:2, s. 504-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A project of mapping ice‐related landforms was undertaken to understand the role of subsurface ice in the northern plains. This work is the first continuous regional mapping from CTX (ConTeXt Camera, 6 m/pixel; Malin et al., 2007) imagery in Arcadia Planitia along a strip 300 km across stretching from 30°N to 80°N centered on the 170°W line of longitude. The distribution and morphotypes of these landforms were used to understand the permafrost cryolithology. The mantled and textured signatures occur almost ubiquitously between 35°N and 78°N and have a positive spatial correlation with inferred ice stability based on thermal modeling, neutron spectroscopy, and radar data. The degradational features into the LDM (latitude‐dependent mantle) include pits, scallops, and 100‐m polygons and provide supporting evidence for subsurface ice and volatile loss between 35 and 70°N in Arcadia with the mantle between 70 and 78°N appearing much more intact. Pitted terrain appears to be much more pervasive in Arcadia than in Acidalia and Utopia suggesting that the Arcadia study area had more widespread near‐surface subsurface ice and thus was more susceptible to pitting or that the ice was less well buried by sediments. Correlations with ice stability models suggest that lack of pits north of 65–70°N could indicate a relatively young age (~1 Ma); however, this could also be explained through regional variations in degradation rates. The deposition of the LDM is consistent with an air fall hypothesis; however, there appears to be substantial evidence for fluvial processes in southern Arcadia with older, underlying processes being equally dominant with the LDM and degradation thereof in shaping the landscape.
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| 23. |
- Siu, W., et al.
(författare)
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Attosecond control of dissociative ionization of O(2) molecules
- 2011
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Ingår i: Physical Review A (Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics). - 1050-2947. ; 84:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We demonstrate that dissociative ionization of O(2) can be controlled by the relative delay between an attosecond pulse train (APT) and a copropagating infrared (IR) field. Our experiments reveal a dependence of both the branching ratios between a range of electronic states and the fragment angular distributions on the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) to IR time delay. The observations go beyond adiabatic propagation of dissociative wave packets on IR-induced quasistatic potential energy curves and are understood in terms of an IR-induced coupling between electronic states in the molecular ion.
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| 24. |
- Sodergren, S. C., et al.
(författare)
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International Validation of the EORTC QLQ-ANL27, a Field Study to Test the Anal Cancer–Specific Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0360-3016. ; 115:5, s. 1155-1164
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) health-related quality of life questionnaire for anal cancer (QLQ-ANL27) supplements the EORTC cancer generic measure (QLQ-C30) to measure concerns specific to people with anal cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy. This study tested the psychometric properties and acceptability of the QLQ-ANL27. Methods and Materials: People with anal cancer were recruited from 15 countries to complete the QLQ-C30 and QLQ-ANL27 and provide feedback on the QLQ-ANL27. Item responses, scale structure (multitrait scaling, factor analysis), reliability (internal consistency and reproducibility) and sensitivity (known group comparisons and responsiveness to change) of the QLQ-ANL27 were evaluated. Results: Data from 382 people were included in the analyses. The EORTC QLQ-ANL27 was acceptable, comprehensive, and easy to complete, taking an average 8 minutes to complete. Psychometric analyses supported the EORTC QLQ-ANL27 items and reliability (Cronbach's α ranging from 0.71-0.93 and test-retest coefficients above 0.7) and validity of the scales (particularly nonstoma bowel symptoms and pain/discomfort). Most scales distinguished people according to treatment phase and performance status. Bowel (nonstoma), pain/discomfort, and vaginal symptoms were sensitive to deteriorations over time. The stoma-related scales remained untested because of low numbers of people with a stoma. Revisions to the scoring and question ordering of the sexual items were proposed. Conclusions: The QLQ-ANL27 has good psychometric properties and is available in 16 languages for people treated with chemoradiotherapy for anal cancer. It is used in clinical trials and has a potential role in clinical practice.
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| 25. |
- Stern, S., et al.
(författare)
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Toward atomic resolution diffractive imaging of isolated molecules with X-ray free-electron lasers
- 2014
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Ingår i: Faraday Discussions. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1364-5498. ; 171, s. 393-418
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We give a detailed account of the theoretical analysis and the experimental results of an X-ray-diffraction experiment on quantum-state selected and strongly laser-aligned gasphase ensembles of the prototypical large asymmetric rotor molecule 2,5-diiodobenzonitrile, performed at the Linac Coherent Light Source [Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 083002 (2014)]. This experiment is the first step toward coherent diffractive imaging of structures and structural dynamics of isolated molecules at atomic resolution, i.e., picometers and femtoseconds, using X-ray free-electron lasers.
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| 26. |
- Sundell, David, et al.
(författare)
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AspWood : High-Spatial-Resolution Transcriptome Profiles Reveal Uncharacterized Modularity of Wood Formation in Populus tremula
- 2017
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Ingår i: The Plant Cell. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1040-4651 .- 1532-298X. ; 29:7, s. 1585-1604
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Trees represent the largest terrestrial carbon sink and a renewable source of ligno-cellulose. There is significant scope for yield and quality improvement in these largely undomesticated species, and efforts to engineer elite varieties will benefit from improved understanding of the transcriptional network underlying cambial growth and wood formation. We generated high-spatial-resolution RNA sequencing data spanning the secondary phloem, vascular cambium, and wood-forming tissues of Populus tremula. The transcriptome comprised 28,294 expressed, annotated genes, 78 novel protein-coding genes, and 567 putative long intergenic noncoding RNAs. Most paralogs originating from the Salicaceae whole-genome duplication had diverged expression, with the exception of those highly expressed during secondary cell wall deposition. Coexpression network analyses revealed that regulation of the transcriptome underlying cambial growth and wood formation comprises numerous modules forming a continuum of active processes across the tissues. A comparative analysis revealed that a majority of these modules are conserved in Picea abies. The high spatial resolution of our data enabled identification of novel roles for characterized genes involved in xylan and cellulose biosynthesis, regulators of xylem vessel and fiber differentiation and lignification. An associated web resource (AspWood, http://aspwood.popgenie.org) provides interactive tools for exploring the expression profiles and coexpression network.
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| 27. |
- Sundell, David, et al.
(författare)
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High-spatial-resolution transcriptome profiling reveals uncharacterized regulatory complexity underlying cambial growth and wood formation in Populus tremula
- 2016
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Trees represent the largest terrestrial carbon sink and a renewable source of ligno-cellulose. There is significant scope for yield and quality improvement in these largely undomesticated species, however, efforts to engineer new, elite varieties are constrained by the lack of a comprehensive understanding of the transcriptional network underlying cambial growth and wood formation. We generated RNA Sequencing transcriptome data for four mature, wild-growing aspens (Populus tremula) from high-spatial-resolution tangential cryosection series spanning the secondary phloem, vascular cambium, expanding and secondary cell wall forming xylem cells, cell death zone and the previous years annual ring. The transcriptome comprised 28,294 expressed, previously annotated protein-coding genes, 78 novel protein-coding genes and 567 long intergenic non-coding RNAs. Most paralogs originating from the Salicaceae whole genome duplication had diverged expression, with the notable exception of those with high expression during secondary cell wall deposition. We performed co-expression network analysis to identify central transcriptional modules and associated several of these with known biological processes. This revealed previously uncharacterized complexity underlying the regulation of cambial growth and wood formation, with modules forming a continuum of activated processes across the tissues. The high spatial resolution suggested novel roles for known genes involved in xylan and cellulose biosynthesis, regulators of xylem vessel and fiber differentiation and components of lignification. The associated web resource (AspWood, http://aspwood.popgenie.org) integrates the data within a set of interactive tools for exploring the co-expression network of cambial growth and wood formation.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Went, M, et al.
(författare)
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Author Correction: Identification of multiple risk loci and regulatory mechanisms influencing susceptibility to multiple myeloma
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 10:1, s. 213-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The original version of this Article contained an error in the spelling of a member of the PRACTICAL Consortium, Manuela Gago-Dominguez, which was incorrectly given as Manuela Gago Dominguez. This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article. Furthermore, in the original HTML version of this Article, the order of authors within the author list was incorrect. The PRACTICAL consortium was incorrectly listed after Richard S. Houlston and should have been listed after Nora Pashayan. This error has been corrected in the HTML version of the Article; the PDF version was correct at the time of publication.
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| 30. |
- Aas, O., et al.
(författare)
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Salmonid stocking in five North Atlantic jurisdictions: Identifying drivers and barriers to policy change
- 2018
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Ingår i: Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems. - : Wiley. - 1052-7613. ; 28:6, s. 1451-1464
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New knowledge challenges long-established practices of fish stocking and transfer because of increasing scientific consensus that the release of cultivated fish can pose risks to biodiversity; however, stocking can also improve fisheries, creating difficult decision trade-offs regarding its use. Accordingly, controversy persists about fish stocking and transfer. No studies, however, have embraced a multinational perspective to understand the important governance dimensions of the success and failure of salmonid stocking and transfer policies. The present study has analysed the historical development and contemporary governance of the stocking and transfer of native and non-native salmonids of the genera Salmo, Salvelinus, and Oncorhynchus in five legislative units around the North Atlantic Ocean: the Atlantic Provinces of Canada, France, Germany, Norway, and Sweden. The study is based on the analyses of published and unpublished literature, and a survey of experts. Current salmonid stocking policies and practices varied significantly among jurisdictions; the degree of policy change varied, from radical and rapid changes de jure and de facto in Atlantic Canada and Norway to incremental mostly de jure changes in France and Germany. Rapid policy change in Atlantic Canada, Norway, and partly in Sweden can be explained by the socio-political importance of salmonid fisheries, stocking regulations based on policy objectives to conserve wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), well-documented examples of the harmful consequences of transfers of non-native species, and well-developed vertical governance linkages. The policy changes resemble that of the 'punctuated equilibrium policy framework'. By contrast, France and Germany place less socio-political emphasis on salmonids, have stocking regulations less directed at wild salmonids, more local-level decision making, more species-rich fish communities, and little evidence of adverse ecological impacts of the transfer and stocking of salmonids. This has led to small, incremental changes in stocking policy de facto that are reflective of the 'advocacy coalition policy framework'.
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| 31. |
- Ahmed, J., et al.
(författare)
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Automated diagnostic of virtualized service performance degradation
- 2018
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Ingår i: Proceedings 2018 IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium, NOMS 2018. - New York : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). ; , s. 1-9
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Service assurance for cloud applications is a challenging task and is an active area of research for academia and industry. One promising approach is to utilize machine learning for service quality prediction and fault detection so that suitable mitigation actions can be executed. In our previous work, we have shown how to predict service-level metrics in real-time just from operational data gathered at the server side. This gives the service provider early indications on whether the platform can support the current load demand. This paper provides the logical next step where we extend our work by proposing an automated detection and diagnostic capability for the performance faults manifesting themselves in cloud and datacenter environments. This is a crucial task to maintain the smooth operation of running services and minimizing downtime. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach which exploits the interpretative capabilities of Self- Organizing Maps (SOMs) to automatically detect and localize different performance faults for cloud services.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Allum, Felix, et al.
(författare)
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Coulomb explosion imaging of CH3I and CH2CII photodissociation dynamics
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 149:20
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The photodissociation dynamics of CH3I and CH2CII at 272 nm were investigated by time-resolved Coulomb explosion imaging, with an intense non-resonant 815nmprobe pulse. Fragment ion momenta over a widem/z range were recorded simultaneously by coupling a velocity map imaging spectrometer with a pixel imaging mass spectrometry camera. For both molecules, delay-dependent pump-probe features were assigned to ultraviolet-induced carbon-iodine bond cleavage followed by Coulomb explosion. Multi-mass imaging also allowed the sequential cleavage of both carbon-halogen bonds in CH2ClI to be investigated. Furthermore, delay-dependent relative fragment momenta of a pair of ions were directly determined using recoil-frame covariance analysis. These results are complementary to conventional velocity map imaging experiments and demonstrate the application of time-resolved Coulomb explosion imaging to photoinduced real-time molecular motion.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Appi, E., et al.
(författare)
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Two phase-matching regimes in high-order harmonic generation
- 2023
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Ingår i: Optics Express. - 1094-4087. ; 31:20, s. 31687-31697
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-order harmonic generation (HHG) provides scalable sources of coherent extreme ultraviolet radiation with pulse duration down to the attosecond time scale. Efficient HHG requires the constructive interplay between microscopic and macroscopic effects in the generation volume, which can be achieved over a large range of experimental parameters from the driving field properties to those of the generating medium. Here, we present a systematic study of the harmonic yield as a function of gas pressure and medium length. Two regimes for optimum yield are identified, supporting the predictions of a recently proposed analytical model. Our observations are independent on the focusing geometry and, to a large extent, on the pulse duration and laser intensity, providing a versatile approach to HHG optimization.
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| 36. |
- Arnold, C. L., et al.
(författare)
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The ELI-ALPS secondary sources : A getaway to scientific excellence
- 2013
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Ingår i: 2013 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2013. - 9781557529725 ; 2013
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The essence of ELI-ALPS, the laser driven secondary sources ranging from X-ray and X-UV to THz with duration as short as tens of attoseconds, are designed to be available for users from 2016.
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| 37. |
- Atroshi, Isam, et al.
(författare)
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Use of outcome instruments to compare workers' compensation and non-workers' compensation carpal tunnel syndrome
- 1997
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Ingår i: The Journal of Hand Surgery. - 1531-6564. ; 22:5, s. 882-888
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Validated outcome instruments were used to compare treatment outcomes of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in workers' compensation and non-workers' compensation patients. A self-administered questionnaire consisting of the generic Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) and the disease-specific Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Instrument was mailed to 277 patients randomly selected from all 1050 new patients treated for CTS during a 1-year period. A total of 212 patients (61 workers' compensation and 151 non-workers' compensation) responded to the survey 7-22 (mean, 14) months after the initiation of treatment, yielding a response rate of 76%. Workers' compensation patients had worse mean scores than non-workers' compensation patients in 6 of the 8 SF-36 scales and in the 2 Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Instrument scales, but validating multivariate analysis could not verify significant score differences in any of the scales. Thus, this study could not demonstrate inferior treatment outcomes of CTS in workers' compensation patients as measured by standardized generic and disease-specific outcome instruments.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Berman, F., et al.
(författare)
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The GrADS project : Software support for high-level grid application development
- 2001
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Ingår i: The international journal of high performance computing applications. - : SAGE Publications. - 1094-3420 .- 1741-2846. ; 15:4, s. 327-344
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Advances in networking technologies will soon make it possible to use the global information infrastructure in a qualitatively different way-as a computational as well as an information resource. As described in the recent book The Grid: Blueprint for a New Computing Infrastructure, this Grid will connect the nation's computers, databases, instruments, and people in a seamless web of computing and distributed intelligence, which can be used in an on demand fashion as a problem-solving resource in many fields of human endeavor-and, in particular, science and engineering. The availability of grid resources will give rise to dramatically new classes of applications, in which computing resources are no longer localized but, rather, distributed, heterogeneous, and dynamic; computation is increasingly sophisticated and multidisciplinary; and computation is integrated into our daily lives and, hence, subject to stricter time constraints than at present. The impact of these new applications will be pervasive, ranging from new systems for scientific inquiry, through computing support for crisis management, to the use of ambient computing to enhance personal mobile computing environments. To realize this vision, significant scientific and technical obstacles must be overcome. Principal among these is usability. The goal of the Grid Application Development Software (GrADS) project is to simplify distributed heterogeneous computing in the same way that the World Wide Web simplified information sharing over the Internet. To that end, the project is exploring the scientific and technical problems that must be solved to make it easier for ordinary scientific users to develop, execute, and tune applications on the Grid. In this paper, the authors describe the vision and strategies underlying the GrADS project, including the base software architecture for grid execution and performance monitoring, strategies and tools for construction of applications from libraries of grid-aware components, and development of innovative new science and engineering applications that can exploit these new technologies to run effectively in grid environments.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Bose, R, et al.
(författare)
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Tet3 mediates stable glucocorticoid-induced alterations in DNA methylation and Dnmt3a/Dkk1 expression in neural progenitors
- 2015
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Ingår i: Cell death & disease. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-4889. ; 6, s. e1793-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Developmental exposure to excess glucocorticoids (GCs) has harmful neurodevelopmental effects, which include persistent alterations in the differentiation potential of embryonic neural stem cells (NSCs). The mechanisms, however, are largely unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of dexamethasone (Dex, a synthetic GC analog) by MeDIP-like genome-wide analysis of differentially methylated DNA regions (DMRs) in NSCs isolated from embryonic rat cortices. We found that Dex-induced genome-wide DNA hypomethylation in the NSCs in vitro. Similarly, in utero exposure to Dex resulted in global DNA hypomethylation in the cerebral cortex of 3-day-old mouse pups. Dex-exposed NSCs displayed stable changes in the expression of the DNA methyltransferase Dnmt3a, and Dkk1, an essential factor for neuronal differentiation. These alterations were dependent on Tet3 upregulation. In conclusion, we propose that GCs elicit strong and persistent effects on DNA methylation in NSCs with Tet3 playing an essential role in the regulation of Dnmt3a and Dkk1. Noteworthy is the occurrence of similar changes in Dnmt3a and Dkk1 gene expression after exposure to excess GC in vivo.
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| 45. |
- Brasse, Felix, et al.
(författare)
-
Time-resolved inner-shell photoelectron spectroscopy : From a bound molecule to an isolated atom
- 2018
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Ingår i: Physical Review A: covering atomic, molecular, and optical physics and quantum information. - 2469-9926 .- 2469-9934. ; 97:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to its element and site specificity, inner-shell photoelectron spectroscopy is a widely used technique to probe the chemical structure of matter. Here, we show that time-resolved inner-shell photoelectron spectroscopy can be employed to observe ultrafast chemical reactions and the electronic response to the nuclear motion with high sensitivity. The ultraviolet dissociation of iodomethane (CH3I) is investigated by ionization above the iodine 4d edge, using time-resolved inner-shell photoelectron and photoion spectroscopy. The dynamics observed in the photoelectron spectra appear earlier and are faster than those seen in the iodine fragments. The experimental results are interpreted using crystal-field and spin-orbit configuration interaction calculations, and demonstrate that time-resolved inner-shell photoelectron spectroscopy is a powerful tool to directly track ultrafast structural and electronic transformations in gas-phase molecules.
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| 46. |
- Brickner, R.G, et al.
(författare)
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QCD on the Connection Machine: Beyond-Lisp
- 1991
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Ingår i: Computer Physics Communications. - 0010-4655 .- 1879-2944. ; 65, s. 39-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the status of code development for a simulation of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) with dynamical Wilson fermions on the Connection Machine model CM-2. Our original code, written in * Lisp, gave performance in the near-GFLOPS range. We have rewritten the most time-consuming parts of the code in the low-level programming system CMIS, including the matrix multiply and the communication. Current versions of the code run at approximately 3.6 GFLOPS for the fermion matrix inversion, and we expect the next version to reach or exceed 5 GFLOPS.
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| 47. |
- Brun, Matthias A, et al.
(författare)
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Semisynthesis of fluorescent metabolite sensors on cell surfaces.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 133:40
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Progress in understanding signal transduction and metabolic pathways is hampered by a shortage of suitable sensors for tracking metabolites, second messengers, and neurotransmitters in living cells. Here we introduce a class of rationally designed semisynthetic fluorescent sensor proteins, called Snifits, for measuring metabolite concentrations on the cell surface of mammalian cells. Functional Snifits are assembled on living cells through two selective chemical labeling reactions of a genetically encoded protein scaffold. Our best Snifit displayed fluorescence intensity ratio changes on living cells significantly higher than any previously reported cell-surface-targeted fluorescent sensor protein. This work establishes a generally applicable and rational strategy for the generation of cell-surface-targeted fluorescent sensor proteins for metabolites of interest.
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| 48. |
- Burt, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Coulomb-explosion imaging of concurrent CH2BrI photodissociation dynamics
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Physical Review A: covering atomic, molecular, and optical physics and quantum information. - 2469-9926 .- 2469-9934. ; 96:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The dynamics following laser-induced molecular photodissociation of gas-phase CH2BrI at 271.6 nm were investigated by time-resolved Coulomb-explosion imaging using intense near-IR femtosecond laser pulses. The observed delay-dependent photofragment momenta reveal that CH2BrI undergoes C-I cleavage, depositing 65.6% of the available energy into internal product states, and that absorption of a second UV photon breaks the C-Br bond of C(H)2Br. Simulations confirm that this mechanism is consistent with previous data recorded at 248 nm, demonstrating the sensitivity of Coulomb-explosion imaging as a real-time probe of chemical dynamics.
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| 49. |
- Bäcktorp, Carina, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Theoretical investigation of linalool oxidation.
- 2006
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Ingår i: The journal of physical chemistry. A. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1089-5639 .- 1520-5215. ; 110:44, s. 12204-12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study concerns the autoxidation of one of the most used fragrances in daily life, linalool (3,7-dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol). It reacts with O2 to form hydroperoxides, which are known to be important contact allergens. Pathways for hydroperoxide formation are investigated by means of quantum mechanical electronic structure calculations. Optimized molecular geometries and harmonic vibrational frequencies are determined using density functional theory (DFT). Insight into how the addition of O2 to linalool occurs is obtained by establishing a theoretical framework and systematically investigating three smaller systems: propene, 2-methyl-2-butene, and 2-methyl-2-pentene. 2-Methyl-2-pentene was chosen as a model system and used to compare with linalool. This theoretical study characterizes the linalool-O2 biradical intermediate state, which constitutes a branching point for the further oxidation reactions pathways. Thus, the observed linalool oxidation product spectrum is discussed in terms of a direct reaction path, the ene-type mechanism, and the radical mechanism. The major hydroperoxide found in experiments is 7-hydroperoxy-3,7-dimethyl-octa-1,5-diene-3-ol, and the calculated results support this finding.
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| 50. |
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