| 1. |
- Khatri, C, et al.
(författare)
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Outcomes after perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with proximal femoral fractures: an international cohort study
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMJ open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 11:11, s. e050830-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies have demonstrated high rates of mortality in people with proximal femoral fracture and SARS-CoV-2, but there is limited published data on the factors that influence mortality for clinicians to make informed treatment decisions. This study aims to report the 30-day mortality associated with perioperative infection of patients undergoing surgery for proximal femoral fractures and to examine the factors that influence mortality in a multivariate analysis.SettingProspective, international, multicentre, observational cohort study.ParticipantsPatients undergoing any operation for a proximal femoral fracture from 1 February to 30 April 2020 and with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection (either 7 days prior or 30-day postoperative).Primary outcome30-day mortality. Multivariate modelling was performed to identify factors associated with 30-day mortality.ResultsThis study reports included 1063 patients from 174 hospitals in 19 countries. Overall 30-day mortality was 29.4% (313/1063). In an adjusted model, 30-day mortality was associated with male gender (OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.68 to 3.13, p<0.001), age >80 years (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.31, p=0.013), preoperative diagnosis of dementia (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.16, p=0.005), kidney disease (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.55, p=0.005) and congestive heart failure (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.48, p=0.025). Mortality at 30 days was lower in patients with a preoperative diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.6 (0.42 to 0.85), p=0.004). There was no difference in mortality in patients with an increase to delay in surgery (p=0.220) or type of anaesthetic given (p=0.787).ConclusionsPatients undergoing surgery for a proximal femoral fracture with a perioperative infection of SARS-CoV-2 have a high rate of mortality. This study would support the need for providing these patients with individualised medical and anaesthetic care, including medical optimisation before theatre. Careful preoperative counselling is needed for those with a proximal femoral fracture and SARS-CoV-2, especially those in the highest risk groups.Trial registration numberNCT04323644
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| 2. |
- Mishra, A, et al.
(författare)
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Diminishing benefits of urban living for children and adolescents' growth and development
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4687 .- 0028-0836. ; 615:7954, s. 874-883
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optimal growth and development in childhood and adolescence is crucial for lifelong health and well-being1–6. Here we used data from 2,325 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight from 71 million participants, to report the height and body-mass index (BMI) of children and adolescents aged 5–19 years on the basis of rural and urban place of residence in 200 countries and territories from 1990 to 2020. In 1990, children and adolescents residing in cities were taller than their rural counterparts in all but a few high-income countries. By 2020, the urban height advantage became smaller in most countries, and in many high-income western countries it reversed into a small urban-based disadvantage. The exception was for boys in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and in some countries in Oceania, south Asia and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa. In these countries, successive cohorts of boys from rural places either did not gain height or possibly became shorter, and hence fell further behind their urban peers. The difference between the age-standardized mean BMI of children in urban and rural areas was <1.1 kg m–2 in the vast majority of countries. Within this small range, BMI increased slightly more in cities than in rural areas, except in south Asia, sub-Saharan Africa and some countries in central and eastern Europe. Our results show that in much of the world, the growth and developmental advantages of living in cities have diminished in the twenty-first century, whereas in much of sub-Saharan Africa they have amplified.
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| 3. |
- Lind, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)
- 2021
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Ingår i: eLife. - : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Abdallah, J, et al.
(författare)
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Charged particle multiplicity in three-jet events and two-gluon systems
- 2005
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; C:44, s. 311-331
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The charged particle multiplicity in hadronic three-jet events from Z decays is investigated. The topology dependence of the event multiplicity is found to be well described by a modified leading logarithmic prediction. A parameter fit of the prediction to the data yields a measurement of the colour factor ratio C-A/C-F with the result C-A/C-F = 2.261 +/- 0.014(stat). +/- 0.036(exp). +/- 0-066(theo). in agreement with the SU(3) expectation of QCD. The quark-related contribution to the event multiplicity is subtracted from the three-jet event multiplicity resulting in a measurement of the multiplicity of two-gluon colour-singlet states over a wide energy range. The ratios r = N-gg(s)/Ng (g) over bar (s) of the gluon and quark multiplicities and r((1)) = N'(gg)(s)/N'g (g) over bar (s) of their derivatives are compared with perturbative calculations. While a good agreement between calculations and data is observed for r((1)), larger deviations are found for r indicating that non-perturbative effects are more important for r than for r((1)).
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Al-Chalabi, Hussan, et al.
(författare)
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Case Study: Model for Economic Lifetime of Drilling Machines in the Swedish Mining Industry
- 2015
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Ingår i: The Engineering Economist. - 0013-791X .- 1547-2701. ; 60:2, s. 138-154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to develop a practical economic replacement decision model to identify the economic lifetime of a mining drilling machine. A data driven optimisation model was developed for operating and maintenance costs, purchase price and machine resale value. Equivalent present value of these costs by using discount rate was considered. The proposed model shows that the absolute optimal replacement time (ORT) of a drilling machine used in one underground mine in Sweden is 115 months. Sensitivity and regression analysis show that the maintenance cost has the largest impact on the ORT of this machine. The proposed decision making model is applicable and useful and can be implemented within the mining industry.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Al-Jumaili, Mustafa I., et al.
(författare)
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Aspects of Data Quality in eMaintenance: A Case Study of Process Industry in Northern Europe
- 2014
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Ingår i: Engineering Asset Management 2011. - London : Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology/Springer Verlag. - 9781447149927 - 9781447149934 ; , s. 41-51
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increased environmental awareness in the industry combined with the globalized market economy makes increasing demands for sustainable and efficient resource utilization. In this context, maintenance plays a critical role by linking business objectives to the strategic and operational activities aimed at retaining the system’s availability performance, cost-efficiency and sustainability. Performing maintenance effectively and efficiently requires corresponding infrastructure for decision-support provided through eMaintenance solutions. A proper eMaintenance solution needs to provide services for data acquisition, data processing, data aggregation, data analysis, data visualization, context-sensing etc. To en Quality of Service (QoS) in eMaintenance solutions, the performance of both system-of-interest, enabling systems and related processes have to be measured and managed. However, the QoS has to be considered on all aggregation levels and encompass the aspects of Content Quality (CQ), Data Quality (DQ) and Information Quality (IQ). Hence, the purpose of this paper is to study and describe some aspects of DQ in eMaintenance related to process industry in northern Europe.
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| 14. |
- Al-Karadaghi, Salam, et al.
(författare)
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Crystal structure of ferrochelatase: the terminal enzyme in heme biosynthesis
- 1997
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Ingår i: Structure. - 0969-2126. ; 5:11, s. 1501-1510
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The metallation of closed ring tetrapyrroles resulting in the formation of hemes, chlorophylls and vitamin B12 is catalyzed by specific enzymes called chelatases. Ferrochelatase catalyzes the terminal step in heme biosynthesis by inserting ferrous ion into protoporphyrin IX by a mechanism that is poorly understood. Mutations in the human gene for ferrochelatase can result in the disease erythropoietic protoporphyria, and a further understanding of the mechanism of this enzyme is therefore of clinical interest. No three-dimensional structure of a tetrapyrrole metallation enzyme has been available until now. RESULTS: The three-dimensional structure of Bacillus subtilis ferrochelatase has been determined at 1.9 A resolution by the method of multiple isomorphous replacement. The structural model contains 308 of the 310 amino acid residues of the protein and 198 solvent molecules. The polypeptide is folded into two similar domains each with a four-stranded parallel beta sheet flanked by alpha helices. Structural elements from both domains build up a cleft, which contains several amino acid residues that are invariant in ferrochelatases from different organisms. In crystals soaked with gold and cadmium salt solutions, the metal ion was found to be coordinated to the conserved residue His 183, which is located in the cleft. This histidine residue has previously been suggested to be involved in ferrous ion binding. CONCLUSIONS: Ferrochelatase seems to have a structurally conserved core region that is common to the enzyme from bacteria, plants and mammals. We propose that porphyrin binds in the identified cleft; this cleft also includes the metal-binding site of the enzyme. It is likely that the structure of the cleft region will have different conformations upon substrate binding and release.
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| 15. |
- Al Khatib, Iyad, et al.
(författare)
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Hardware/Software architecture for real-time ECG monitoring and analysis leveraging MPSoC technology
- 2007
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Ingår i: Transactions on High-Performance Embedded Architectures and Compilers I. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 9783540715276 ; , s. 239-258
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The interest in high performance chip architectures for biomedical applications is gaining a lot of research and market interest. Heart diseases remain by far the main cause of death and a challenging problem for biomedical engineers to monitor and analyze. Electrocardiography (ECG) is an essential practice in heart medicine. However, ECG analysis still faces computational challenges, especially when 12 lead signals are to be analyzed in parallel, in real time, and under increasing sampling frequencies. Another challenge is the analysis of huge amounts of data that may grow to days of recordings. Nowadays, doctors use eyeball monitoring of the 12-lead ECG paper readout, which may seriously impair analysis accuracy. Our solution leverages the advance in multi-processor system-on-chip architectures, and it is centered on the parallelization of the ECG computation kernel. Our Hardware- Software (HW/SW) Multi-Processor System-on-Chip (MPSoQ design improves upon state-of-the-art mostly for its capability to perform real-time analysis of input data, leveraging the computation horsepower provided by many concurrent DSPs, more accurate diagnosis of cardiac diseases, and prompter reaction to abnormal heart alterations. The design methodology to go from the 12-lead ECG application specification to the final HW/SW architecture is the focus of this paper. We explore the design space by considering a number of hardware and software architectural variants, and deploy industrial components to build up the system.
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| 16. |
- Al-Najjar, Basim, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Maintenance 4.0 to fulfil the demands of Industry 4.0 and Factory of the Future
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications. - : IJERA. - 2248-9622. ; 8:11, s. 20-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In today's high market competition, industries attempt adapt new technologies retain their market share. With technology advancement in factories, maintenance methods are developed to suit the new manufacturers. demands. Now, with the Industry 4.0, new maintenance techniques have to be developed to fulfill the new demands which we refer to as Maintenance 4.0. Each currently used maintenance technique has its own advantages and disadvantages. Until now it is unclear if these techniques are suitable for Industry 4.0. This study shows how to identify the maintenance technique that is the most suitable to be further developed for Industry 4.0. In this paper, the tasks and features of Maintenance 4.0 are identified, and the suitability of the most popular maintenance techniques is examined with respect to Industry 4.0 demands. This is done by using Multiple Attribute Decision Making combined with the Simple Additive Weight. The results show that Total Quality Maintenance(TQMain) and then Condition Based Maintenance(CBM) are the highest ranked among the examined maintenance techniques, and therefore it is concluded that these maintenance techniques could be used as a based to develop Maintenance 4.0.
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| 17. |
- Al-Najjar, Basim, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Smart maintenance model using cyber physical system
- 2018
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Ingår i: Paper presented at the International Conference on "Role of Industrial Engineering in Industry 4.0 Paradigm" (ICIEIND), Bhubaneswar, India, September 27-30, 2018. ; , s. 1-6
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Modern manufacturing are exposed to rapid and dynamic changes in operating conditions, market demands, national and international competition. Therefore, new generations and concepts of maintenance techniques are necessary to overcome the deficiencies in the current techniques. The purpose of this paper is to propse a maintenance model that is automatic, digitzalised and intelligent using Cyber Physical System (CPS-Maint). In this paper, we presented comparable maintenance approaches and described their shortages. Thereafter, we developed a new maintenance model. Then, A simulation using LabVIEW is conducted to examin the model and its behavior. The results showed that the required tasks are performed with no conflict among its components. The major result is the development of CPS-Maint and the major conclusion is applying CPS-Maint fulfills industry needs. This paper provides a framework that could help developers and researchers in desining and developing an automatic and smart maintenance system.
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| 18. |
- Al-Najjar, Basim, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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SmartPro Vinnova Report
- 2021
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- This report presents the findings of WP2 with respect to challenges and use-cases relevant to smart production and maintenance systems. WP2 gathers information and determines the challenges the industrial partners (Astra Zeneca and Ericsson) in Sweden and India have. These challenges have been translated into concrete problems and purposes, which finally describes a main project problem and purpose. WP2 also focuses on specific use cases where smart automation and information gathering can help relieve potential bottlenecks. An exhaustive study of technologies and challenges has also been included. It is the view of WP2 that smart production maintenance technologies should be bundled with other solutions to have an increased impact within factory production systems. At the current stage, production maintenance is a secondary aspect in both Astra Zeneca and Ericsson factories.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Algabroun, Hatem, et al.
(författare)
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A framework for the integration of digitalised maintenance systems with relevant working areas : A case study
- 2020
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Ingår i: 4th IFAC Workshop on Advanced Maintenance Engineering, Services and Technologies - AMEST 2020. - : Elsevier. ; , s. 185-190
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To enhance maintenance performance, maintenance integration with relevant activities should be planned and performed. In a digitalised industry, maintenance integration has to deal with various and heterogynous technologies. As the integration of such disparate technologies can be complex, this paper proposes a framework that provides the steps required for the successful integration of digitalised and automated maintenance across the relevant working areas. To develop this framework, we first identified relevant working areas to integrate maintenance with. Next, we identified integration success factors which are then considered in the framework development. The framework was then implemented in a real case study, and results showed that the integration tasks were completed successfully. Based on the case study, the framework provides guidelines for successfully integrating maintenance in a systematic way across the relevant working areas.
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| 21. |
- Appelqvist, Christin, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Climate envelope modeling and dispersal simulations show little risk of range extension of the shipworm, Teredo navalis (L.), in the Baltic Sea
- 2015
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 10:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The shipworm, Teredo navalis , is absent from most of the Baltic Sea. In the last 20 years, increased frequency of T. navalis has been reported along the southern Baltic Sea coasts of Denmark, Germany, and Sweden, indicating possible range-extensions into previously unoccupied areas. We evaluated the effects of historical and projected near-future changes in salinity, temperature, and oxygen on the risk of spread of T. navalis in the Baltic. Specifically, we developed a simple, GIS-based, mechanistic climate envelope model to predict the spatial distribution of favourable conditions for adult reproduction and larval metamorphosis of T. navalis, based on published environmental tolerances to these factors. In addition, we used a high-resolution three-dimensional hydrographic model to simulate the probability of spread of T. navalis larvae within the study area. Climate envelope modeling showed that projected near-future climate change is not likely to change the overall distribution of T. navalis in the region, but will prolong the breeding season and increase the risk of shipworm establishment at the margins of the current range. Dispersal simulations indicated that the majority of larvae were philopatric, but those that spread over a wider area typically spread to areas unfavourable for their survival. Overall, therefore, we found no substantive evidence for climate-change related shifts in the distribution of T. navalis in the Baltic Sea, and no evidence for increased risk of spread in the near-future. © 2015 Appelqvist et al.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- de Schipper, Elles, et al.
(författare)
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A comprehensive scoping review of ability and disability in ADHD using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health-Children and Youth Version (ICF-CY)
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - : Springer. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X. ; 24:8, s. 859-872
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This is the first in a series of four empirical investigations to develop International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Core Sets for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The objective here was to use a comprehensive scoping review approach to identify the concepts of functional ability and disability used in the scientific ADHD literature and link these to the nomenclature of the ICF-CY. Systematic searches were conducted using Medline/PubMed, PsycINFO, ERIC and Cinahl, to extract the relevant concepts of functional ability and disability from the identified outcome studies of ADHD. These concepts were then linked to ICF-CY by two independent researchers using a standardized linking procedure. Data from identified studies were analysed until saturation of ICF-CY categories was reached. Eighty studies were included in the final analysis. Concepts contained in these studies were linked to 128 ICF-CY categories. Of these categories, 68 were considered to be particularly relevant to ADHD (i.e., identified in at least 5 % of the studies). Of these, 32 were related to Activities and participation, 31 were related to Body functions, and five were related to environmental factors. The five most frequently identified categories were school education (53 %), energy and drive functions (50 %), psychomotor functions (50 %), attention functions (49 %), and emotional functions (45 %). The broad variety of ICF-CY categories identified in this study underlines the necessity to consider ability and disability in ADHD across all dimensions of life, for which the ICF-CY provides a valuable and universally applicable framework. These results, in combination with three additional preparatory studies (expert survey, focus groups, clinical study), will provide a scientific basis to define the ICF Core Sets for ADHD for multi-purpose use in basic and applied research, and every day clinical practice.
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| 30. |
- Dispenza, C., et al.
(författare)
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On the nature of macroradicals formed upon radiolysis of aqueous poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) solutions
- 2020
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Ingår i: Radiation Physics and Chemistry. - : Elsevier. - 0969-806X .- 1879-0895. ; 174
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work we have explored the nature of macroradicals formed upon radiolysis of aqueous poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) solutions using pulse radiolysis, density functional theory (DFT) and literature data. On the basis of literature data on site-specific kinetics of hydrogen abstraction from simple amides and spectra corresponding to specific radical sites on the same amides we have assessed the distribution of H-atom abstraction by •OH radicals from different positions on the pyrrolidone ring and the polymer backbone. Pulse radiolysis experiments performed at different doses per pulse and different PVP concentrations demonstrate that the H-abstracting radiolysis products are not quantitatively scavenged by the polymer when the dose per pulse exceeds ≈40 Gy. The implications of this are discussed in the context of radical-initiated crosslinking reactions. At a mass fraction of 0.1% PVP and doses per pulse ranging from 7 Gy to 117 Gy, the overall radical decay observed at 390 nm follows second order kinetics with rate constants on the order of 109 dm3 mol-1 s-1.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Högstrand, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Incorporation of main line impact into life cycle assessment of nutrient recovery from reject water using novel membrane contactor technology
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - 0959-6526. ; 408
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) nutrient recovery has recently gained traction in the search for new pathways for fertilizer production. In particular, concentrated waste streams such as reject water from sludge digestion are suitable. The environmental impact of a novel nutrient recovery technology using a membrane contactor (NPHarvest) was examined with an environmental life cycle assessment (LCA). Impact hotspots were benchmarked against a comparable technology (struvite precipitation and ammonia stripping), and the impacts of the two technologies were found to be similar for most studied environmental impact categories. To allow for the inclusion of effects on other parts of the WWTP while limiting the general system boundaries to the reject water treatment, a novel approach to capture the main line impact was developed. The effects on the main line contributed substantially to the overall results. The overall results indicated clear nutrient recovery benefits related to substituted materials in mineral fertilizer production. Additionally, reject water nutrient recovery provided even greater benefits due to reduced N2O emissions and the reduced use of precipitation chemicals in the WWTP main line. Nonetheless, both nutrient removal and recovery were necessary for the two technologies to reach a net zero climate impact in their current pilot scales. Further development of the NPHarvest technology—such as mitigating NH3 emissions, exploring alternative input chemicals and optimizing energy consumption (especially for crystallizing the ammonium salt solution that is produced)—is recommended before full-scale implementation.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Jonsson, Lina, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Characterisation of age and polarity at onset in bipolar disorder
- 2021
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Ingår i: British Journal of Psychiatry. - : Royal College of Psychiatrists. - 0007-1250 .- 1472-1465. ; 219:6, s. 659-669
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Studying phenotypic and genetic characteristics of age at onset (AAO) and polarity at onset (PAO) in bipolar disorder can provide new insights into disease pathology and facilitate the development of screening tools. Aims To examine the genetic architecture of AAO and PAO and their association with bipolar disorder disease characteristics. Method Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) and polygenic score (PGS) analyses of AAO (n = 12 977) and PAO (n = 6773) were conducted in patients with bipolar disorder from 34 cohorts and a replication sample (n = 2237). The association of onset with disease characteristics was investigated in two of these cohorts. Results Earlier AAO was associated with a higher probability of psychotic symptoms, suicidality, lower educational attainment, not living together and fewer episodes. Depressive onset correlated with suicidality and manic onset correlated with delusions and manic episodes. Systematic differences in AAO between cohorts and continents of origin were observed. This was also reflected in single-nucleotide variant-based heritability estimates, with higher heritabilities for stricter onset definitions. Increased PGS for autism spectrum disorder (beta = -0.34 years, s.e. = 0.08), major depression (beta = -0.34 years, s.e. = 0.08), schizophrenia (beta = -0.39 years, s.e. = 0.08), and educational attainment (beta = -0.31 years, s.e. = 0.08) were associated with an earlier AAO. The AAO GWAS identified one significant locus, but this finding did not replicate. Neither GWAS nor PGS analyses yielded significant associations with PAO. Conclusions AAO and PAO are associated with indicators of bipolar disorder severity. Individuals with an earlier onset show an increased polygenic liability for a broad spectrum of psychiatric traits. Systematic differences in AAO across cohorts, continents and phenotype definitions introduce significant heterogeneity, affecting analyses.
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| 39. |
- Khatib, Iyad Al, et al.
(författare)
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MPSoC ECG biochip : A multiprocessor system-on-chip for real-time human heart monitoring and analysis
- 2006
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 3rd Conference on Computing Frontiers 2006, CF '06. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. - 9781595933027 ; , s. 21-28
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The interest in high performance chip architectures for biomedical applications is on the rise. Heart diseases remain by far the main cause of death and a challenging problem for biomedical engineers to monitor and analyze. Electrocardiography (ECG) is an essential practice in heart medicine, which faces computational challenges, especially when 12 lead signals are to be analyzed in parallel, in real time, and under increasing sampling frequencies. Another challenge is the analysis of huge amounts of data that may grow to days of recordings. Nowadays, doctors use eyeball monitoring of the 12-lead ECG paper readout, which may seriously impair analysis accuracy. Our solution leverages the advance in multi-processor system-on-chip architectures, and is centered on the parallelization of the ECG computation kernel. It improves upon state-of-the-art mostly for its capability to perform real-time analysis of input data, leveraging the computation horsepower provided by many concurrent DSPs, more accurate diagnosis of cardiac diseases, and prompter reaction to abnormal heart alterations. The design methodology to go from the 12-lead ECG application specification to the final hardware/software architecture, modeling, and simulation is the focus of this paper. Our system model is based on industrial components. The architectural template we employ is scalable and flexible.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Massoud, Al-Shimaà A A, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Bis 4,5-diazafluoren-9-one silver(I) nitrate: synthesis, X-ray structures, solution chemistry, hydrogel loading, DNA coupling and anti-bacterial screening
- 2011
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Ingår i: New Journal of Chemistry. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1369-9261 .- 1144-0546. ; 35:3, s. 640-648
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Synthesis of bis-4,5-diazafluoren-9-one silver(I) nitrate I (dafone = 4,5-diazafluoren-9-one) and the low temperature X-ray single crystal structure of [Ag(4,5-diazafluoren-9-one)2NO3], crystal form 1, and a re-determination of [Ag(4,5-diazafluoren-9-one)2]NO3 . H2O, crystal form 2 are presented. Crystal form 1 has a distorted trigonal planar coordination geometry around Ag(I) with an N-Ag-N bond angle of 123.45(7)o. Crystal form 2 has a perfect linear coordination around Ag, with N-Ag-N 180.0o. Compound I was characterized by 1H-NMR, biological activity and ESI-MS in DMSO at room temperature. The biological activity was determined against 6 different resistant clinical isolates; two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes) and four Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, and Salmonella sp.) in comparison with 15 known antibiotics used in the treatment of diabetic foot infections. Compound I showed broad spectrum activity against all the test organisms. P. mirabilis and S. aureus and K. pneumoniae were the most sensitive clinical isolates (MIC = 4, 6 and 4 μg ml-1, respectively). Three different hydrogels containing I or Ag2SO4 were prepared and the antimicrobial activity against Ps. aeruginosa (ATCC 15442) compared, showing more or less equal activity on a weight basis, but I seems to have a significant better performance per silver ion. The Ag(I) complex also binds more effectively to calf thymus DNA than the dafone ligand itself.
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| 44. |
- Mazzurana, Luca, et al.
(författare)
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Tissue-specific transcriptional imprinting and heterogeneity in human innate lymphoid cells revealed by full-length single-cell RNA-sequencing
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Cell Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1748-7838 .- 1001-0602. ; 31:5, s. 554-568
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The impact of the microenvironment on innate lymphoid cell (ILC)-mediated immunity in humans remains largely unknown. Here we used full-length Smart-seq2 single-cell RNA-sequencing to unravel tissue-specific transcriptional profiles and heterogeneity of CD127+ ILCs across four human tissues. Correlation analysis identified gene modules characterizing the migratory properties of tonsil and blood ILCs, and signatures of tissue-residency, activation and modified metabolism in colon and lung ILCs. Trajectory analysis revealed potential differentiation pathways from circulating and tissue-resident naïve ILCs to a spectrum of mature ILC subsets. In the lung we identified both CRTH2+ and CRTH2− ILC2 with lung-specific signatures, which could be recapitulated by alarmin-exposure of circulating ILC2. Finally, we describe unique TCR-V(D)J-rearrangement patterns of blood ILC1-like cells, revealing a subset of potentially immature ILCs with TCR-δ rearrangement. Our study provides a useful resource for in-depth understanding of ILC-mediated immunity in humans, with implications for disease.
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- Olsson, J, et al.
(författare)
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Miljöövervakning i Hanöbukten – finns det ett samband mellan tillståndet för fisken, dess hälsa och belastningen av miljöfarliga ämnen?
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sammanvägd bedömning. Överlag fanns det inte några övergripande skillnader i de beståndsparametrar som undersökts jämfört med tidigare undersökningar i området. Det fanns heller inga tecken på avvikande fångster utanför Helgeås mynning och endast tecken på syrebrist vid en lokal under den undersökta perioden. Det observerades en något förhöjd sjukdomsfrekvens hos fiskar i Hanöbukten. De bakomliggande orsakerna till den förhöjda sjukdomsfrekvensen i området är inte klarlagd, men pekar på en yttre påverkan på individ-, men inte på bestånds- eller samhällsnivå hos fisken. Resultaten från undersökningarna av fiskars hälsotillstånd visar på flera mycket tydliga fysiologiska skillnader hos fiskarna mellan Hanöbukten och referensområdet Kvädöfjärden. Tolkningen kompliceras av det faktum att de två jämförda populationerna av skrubbskädda anses ha olika lekstrategier vilket kan ha påverkat främst fysiologiska mätvariabler som ska spegla fortplantningfunktionen. Det är dock viktigt att betona att det är mycket unikt att två populationer av samma fiskart som fångats vid samma tidpunkt på året uppvisar så stora skillnader i fysiologiska hälsovariabler mellan två områden. Det kan därför inte uteslutas att de observerade skillnaderna för flera hälsovariabler är en indikation på att fiskarna i Hanöbukten är exponerade för något eller några toxiska ämnen. Resultaten från miljögiftsundersökningen visar att det inte är några förhöjda halter av metaller, PCB:er, bromerade flamskyddsmedel och dioxiner i skrubbskäddor från Hanöbukten jämfört med Kvädöfjärden. DDT, kvoten DDT/DDE och PFOS var däremot något högre i Hanöbukten. Resultat från övervakning av sill i Hanöbukten visar också att PFOS och några andra perfluorerade ämnen är förhöjda jämfört med de flesta andra övervakningslokaler i Östersjön. Sammantaget ger inte fiskundersökningarna under 2015 några belägg för effekter på beståndsnivå. Däremot observerades effekter på fisk i Hanöbukten på individnivå, såsom svagt förhöjd sjukdomsfrekvens hos torsk och skrubbskädda samt tecken på hälsoeffekter hos skrubbskädda. Överlag fanns inga förhöjda halter av miljögifter, men det observerades en förhöjd halt av DDT och PFOS och en högre DDT/DDE kvot hos skrubbskädda i området. Fortsatta fiskundersökningar under hösten 2016 syftar till att säkerställa att observerade skillnader/effekter är bestående, samt att försöka belysa vilken betydelse de olika populationernas fortplantningsstrategi respektive rådande miljögiftsbelastning i området har för de observerade hälsoeffekterna hos skrubbskädda i Hanöbukten.
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- Sandell, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Endovascular Device for Endothelial Cell Sampling
- 2022
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Ingår i: Advanced NanoBiomed Research. - : Wiley. - 2699-9307 .- 2699-9307. ; 2:10, s. 2200023-2200023
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Endothelial cells play an important role in several vascular diseases, and molecular analysis of these cells could provide valuable information on underlying tissue status. However, no clinically established procedure for harvesting endothelial cells exists. A micro-3D-printed device adapted for endovascular techniques to harvest endothelial cells for transcriptomic analysis is presented. In vivo evaluation in swine (n = 6) yielded tissue samples in 60 out of 65 cases, of which 80% show a substantial amount of tissue. The cytological evaluation indicates high selectivity towards endothelial cells, and RNA-sequencing shows gene expression signatures consistent with vascular tissue. It is found that there are no short-term safety risks compared to operation with a control wire of equal dimensions and acute complications are not detected. If translated to clinical use, the device could enable increased understanding of early-stage endothelial cell-mediated disease progression and earlier diagnosis of diseases such as atherosclerosis.
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