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1.	Abrahamsson, Birgitta, et al. (författare) To recommend the local primary health-care centre or not : What importance do patients attach to initial contact quality, staff continuity and responsive staff encounters? 2015 Ingår i: International Journal for Quality in Health Care. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1353-4505 .- 1464-3677. ; 27:3, s. 196-200 Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Objective: This study aims to examine the circumstances associated with patients’ tendencies to recommend a primary care centre, based on four hypotheses, the initial contact’s quality, care relationship continuity, treatment encounter responsiveness and whether the significance of encounter responsiveness differs depending on whether the patient has been seeing a nurse or physician. Design: The study is based on the patient’ self-reported responses, retrieved from the Swedish National Patient Survey. The design is cross-sectional, and data were analysed using a binary logistic regression. Setting: Data were collected from three primary healthcare centres in the region of Västra Götaland, Sweden. Participants: A total of 362 patients (62% females) having visited any of three publicly run healthcare centres in September 2010 constitute the analytical sample. Participants were fairly evenly distributed across all age groups. Main Outcome Measures: Recommendation was captured by patients’ binary responses to the question: Would you recommend the visited primary healthcare centre? Results: The hypotheses involving initial contact quality, care relationship continuity and treatment encounter responsiveness were supported by the analyses. The latter was strongly associated with patient tendency to recommend the primary healthcare centre. However, the profession (nurse or physician) involved in the treatment encounter made no difference for the predictive significance of encounter responsiveness for a patient’s tendency to recommend the healthcare centre. Conclusions: Striving for stable and responsive patient/staff relationships and an open approach towards patients are potentially successful strategies for primary healthcare centres seeking to attract new patients and maintain current ones. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved)(journal abstract)
2.	Adermark, Louise, 1974, et al. (författare) Age-contingent influence over accumbal neurotransmission and the locomotor stimulatory response to acute and repeated administration of nicotine in Wistar rats 2015 Ingår i: Neuropharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0028-3908. ; 97, s. 104-112 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Nicotine addiction is one of the leading contributors to the global burden of disease, and early onset smokers report a more severe addiction with lower chance of cessation than those with a late onset. Preclinical research supports an age-dependent component to the rewarding and reinforcing properties of nicotine, and the aim of this study was to. define behavioral adaptations and changes in accumbal neurotransmission that arise over 15 days of intermittent nicotine treatment (0.36 mg/kg/day) in rats of three different ages (5 weeks, 10 weeks, 36 weeks old). Repeated treatment increased the locomotor stimulatory response to nicotine in all age groups, but significantly faster in the two younger groups. In addition, nicotine decreased rearing activity in a way that sustained even after repeated administration in aged rats but not in the younger age groups. Electrophysiological field potential recordings revealed a decline in input/output function in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of animals intermittently treated with nicotine starting at 5 weeks of age, but not in older animals. In drug naive rats, acute administration of nicotine modulated both accumbal dopamine output and excitatory transmission in a partially age dependent manner. Fifteen days of intermittent nicotine treatment did not alter the acute effect displayed by nicotine on dopamine levels or evoked field potentials. The data presented here show that both acute and repeated nicotine administration modulates accumbal neurotransmission and behavior in an age-contingent manner and that these age-dependent differences could reflect important neurobiological underpinnings associated with the increased vulnerability for nicotine-addiction in adolescents. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
3.	Adermark, Louise, 1974, et al. (författare) Intermittent ethanol consumption depresses endocannabinoid-signaling in the dorsolateral striatum of rat. 2011 Ingår i: Neuropharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-7064 .- 0028-3908. ; https://gup.ub.gu.se/publications/sho61:7, s. 1160-1165 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Recent research suggests that adaptations elicited by drugs of abuse share common features with traditional learning models, and that drugs of abuse cause long-term changes in behavior by altering synaptic function and plasticity. In this study, endocannabinoid (eCB) signaling in the dorsolateral striatum, a brain region vital for habit formation, was evaluated in acutely isolated brain slices from ethanol (EtOH)-consuming rats and control rats. EtOH-consuming rats had free access to a 20% EtOH solution for three 24hour sessions a week during seven weeks and consumed an average of 3.4g/kg per session. eCB-mediated long-lasting disinhibition (DLL) of population spike (PS) amplitude induced by moderate frequency stimulation was impaired in EtOH-consuming rats, and was not restored by the muscarinic receptor antagonist scopolamine (10μM). The lack of DLL could be linked to a reduced GABA(A) receptor tone, since bicuculline-mediated disinhibition of striatal output was significantly reduced in slices from EtOH-consuming rats. However, eCB signaling induced by high frequency stimulation (HFS) was also impaired in slices from EtOH-consuming rats and isolated control rats. Activation of presynaptic cannabinoid 1 receptors (CB1R) with WIN55,212-2 (250nM, 1μM) significantly modulated PS amplitude in slices from age-matched control rats while slices from EtOH-consuming rats remained unaffected, indicating that eCB signaling is inhibited at a level that is downstream from CB1R activation. Intermittent alcohol intake for seven weeks might thus be sufficient to modulate a presynaptic mechanism that needs to be synergized with CB1R activation for induction of long-term depression (LTD). In conclusion, alcohol consumption inhibits striatal eCB signaling in a way that could be of importance for understanding the neurological underpinnings of addictive behavior.
4.	Adermark, Louise, 1974, et al. (författare) Region-specific depression of striatal activity in Wistar rat by modest ethanol consumption over a ten-month period 2013 Ingår i: Alcohol. - : Elsevier BV. - 0741-8329. ; 47:4, s. 289-298 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The nucleus accumbens (nAc) is the primary target for the mesolimbic dopamine system and a key brain region for the reinforcing effects displayed by drugs of abuse, including ethanol. During the. transition from recreational to compulsive consumption of reinforcing drugs, however, the dorsal striatum seems to be recruited. Understanding how synaptic activity is altered in a sub-region specific manner in the striatum during the course of long-term drug consumption thus could be essential for understanding the long-lasting changes produced by addictive substances, including ethanol. Here we evaluated synaptic activity in the dorsolateral striatum (DLS) and ventral Striatum (nucleus accumbens, nAc) of single-housed Wistar rats consuming water, or water and ethanol, for up to 10 months. Even though ethanol intake was moderate, it was sufficient to decrease input/output function in response to stimulation intensity in the DLS, while recorded population spike (PS) amplitudes in the nAc were unaffected. Striatal disinhibition induced by the GABA(A) receptor antagonist bicuculline had a slower onset in rats that had consumed ethanol for 2 months, and was significantly depressed in slices from rats that had Consumed ethanol for 4 months. Bicuculline-induced disinhibition in the nAc, on the other hand, was not significantly altered by long-term ethanol intake. Changes in PS amplitude induced by taurine or the glycine receptor antagonist strychnine were not significantly altered by ethanol in any brain region. Even though input/output function was not significantly affected by age, there was a significant decline in antagonist-induced disinhibition in brain slices from aged rats. The data presented here suggest that even modest consumption of ethanol is sufficient to alter neurotransmission in the striatum, while synaptic activity appears to be relatively well-preserved in the nAc during the course of long-term ethanol consumption. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
5.	Andersson, Malte, 1941, et al. (författare) ”Minskande befolkning är inte problemet” 2020 Ingår i: Dagens Nyheter. ; :1 augusti, DN-debatt Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract Nätverket Population Matters Sweden: En uppmärksammad studie i The Lancet pekar mot en lägre befolkningsökning i världen än tidigare prognoser. Men en miljard människor till är fortfarande långt över vad jorden klarar. Befolkningstrenden måste snarare vända neråt, och det kräver åtgärder för att stärka kvinnors rättigheter världen över.
6.	André, Karin, 1978- (författare) Climate change adaptation processes : Regional and sectoral stakeholder perspectives 2013 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract This thesis analyses how societal adaptation processes in public and private sectors at the regional to local level in Sweden are enacted. The thesis pays particular attention to critical factors that constrain or enable adaptation by focussing on: who are the stakeholders, how do different stakeholders perceive their capacity to adapt, and the role of stakeholder interaction in facilitating adaptation processes A combination of two analytical perspectives is used where one is based on key concepts within adaptation literature, and the other draws on boundary crossing and transdisciplinary knowledge production (stakeholders, adaptive capacity, and science-based stakeholder dialogues). The study is conducted within the scope of two overall case studies of local adaptation processes within an urban region, and a land-use based sector, the private forestry sector. The cases are setting the scene for the collection of empirical material which is achieved through qualitative methods, primarily focus groups discussions with local and regional, public and private stakeholders with an interest in, and responsibility for adaptation. The focus groups meetings are organized as a series of meetings to which different participatory techniques are applied. The study also builds on a comprehensive stakeholder mapping. First, the results suggest a systematic method for identifying stakeholders in adaptation research, policy, and planning applicable in both sectors and regions that combines top-down knowledge with experience and knowledge based on bottom-up processes. Second, the analysis of perceived adaptive capacities reveal several facilitating and constraining factors that relates both to the characteristics of climate risks, experience of climate variability and extreme weather events, and responsibility- and decision-making structures. Third, the analysis of the interaction between local experts and scientists show that there is potential for the boundary spanning function of science-based stakeholder dialogues in facilitating adaptation through stimulating questions and sharing different knowledge bases and experiences among the participants. However further attention needs to be taken to the institutional environment and the role of so called anchoring devices that help local experts to contextualise, discus and thus anchor scientific knowledge in their own decision-making context. In conclusion, there are both commonalities between adaptation processes in the two case studies and some marked differences, e.g., regarding the concept of adaptation, what type of adaptation actions that are identified, the perceived opportunities for adaptation and degree of complexity.
7.	Barrenäs, Marie-Louise, et al. (författare) High risk of sensorineural hearing loss in men born small for gestational age with and without obesity or height catch-up growth : a prospective longitudinal register study on birth size in 245,000 Swedish conscripts. 2005 Ingår i: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. - 0021-972X. ; 90:8, s. 4452-6 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
8.	Barrenäs, Marie-Louise, 1952, et al. (författare) High risk of sensorineural hearing loss in men born small for gestational age with and without obesity or height catch-up growth: a prospective longitudinal register study on birth size in 245,000 Swedish conscripts 2005 Ingår i: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. ; 90:8, s. 4452-6 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: Several components of the metabolic syndrome coincide with those risk factors linked to sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). According to the thrifty phenotype hypothesis, the metabolic syndrome can be caused by events during the fetal period. This study tests the thrifty phenotype hypothesis on hearing, using body size at birth and conscription as indirect markers for fetal programming and body mass index as an indicator for the metabolic syndrome. METHODS: Odds ratios were used to analyze birth data regarding body size from birth to conscription as risk factors for hearing loss in 245,092 conscripted Swedish men. FINDINGS: Compared with conscripts born short for gestational age with catch-up growth, those born short with absence of catch-up growth exhibited 134% higher risk of SNHL. Adult short stature was associated with a 50% increased risk. Compared with conscripts with average body mass index, overweight was associated with 30%, obesity with 99%, and overweight if born light for gestational age with 118% higher risk of SNHL. Conscripts born light for gestational age had a 41% increased risk, independent of the later growth pattern. CONCLUSION: The thrifty phenotype hypothesis also seems to be valid for SNHL, meaning that SNHL in adulthood may originate from events during fetal life. SNHL might be a new clinical feature of the metabolic syndrome.
9.	Bexelius, Maria, et al. (författare) 27 forskare : Så kan EU:s murar rivas 2015 Ingår i: Dagens samhälle. - : Sveriges kommuner och landsting. - 1652-6511. ; :20150923 Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
10.	Borst, Louise, et al. (författare) Genome-wide analysis of cytogenetic aberrations in ETV6/RUNX1-positive childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. 2012 Ingår i: British Journal of Haematology. - : Wiley. - 0007-1048 .- 1365-2141. ; 157:4, s. 476-82 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The chromosomal translocation t(12;21) resulting in the ETV6/RUNX1 fusion gene is the most frequent structural cytogenetic abnormality among patients with childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). We investigated 62 ETV6/RUNX1-positive childhood ALL patients by single nucleotide polymorphism array to explore acquired copy number alterations (CNAs) at diagnosis. The mean number of CNAs was 2·82 (range 0-14). Concordance with available G-band karyotyping and comparative genomic hybridization was 93%. Based on three major protein-protein complexes disrupted by these CNAs, patients could be categorized into four distinct subgroups, defined by different underlying biological mechanisms relevant to the aetiology of childhood ALL. When recurrent CNAs were evaluated by an oncogenetic tree analysis classifying their sequential order, the most common genetic aberrations (deletions of 6q, 9p, 13q and X, and gains of 10 and 21) seemed independent of each other. Finally, we identified the most common regions with recurrent gains and losses, which comprise microRNA clusters with known oncogenic or tumour-suppressive roles. The present study sheds further light on the genetic diversity of ETV6/RUNX1-positive childhood ALL, which may be important for understanding poor responses among this otherwise highly curable subset of ALL and lead to novel targeted treatment strategies.
11.	Boström, Annika, et al. (författare) Repeat surgery without preoperative angiography in limbs with patent infrainguinal bypass grafts 2002 Ingår i: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. - : SAGE Publications. - 1078-5884 .- 1532-2165. ; 36:5, s. 343-350 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and results of repeat surgery without preoperative angiography in limbs with patent infrainguinal bypass grafts. Between January 1995 and December 1999, 73 surgical interventions were performed for correction of inflow, graft, or runoff-related lesions in limbs with patent infrainguinal bypass grafts. Fifty-six of the 73 cases were operated on based on the findings obtained from duplex scanning alone. There were 53 vein and 3 prosthetic grafts in the series. The indications for intervention without angiography were stenotic or occlusive lesions in 35, graft aneurysm in 7, and arteriovenous fistulae in 14. There were no deviations from the preoperatively planned surgical strategy in patients undergoing surgery without preoperative angiography. Cumulative life table primary, (stenosis free) and primary-assisted patency rates, at 12 months following graft revisions (excluding arteriovenous fistulae ligatures) without preoperative angiography, were 64% and 85%, respectively. The corresponding figures for revisions performed with preoperative angiography were 58% and 84%, respectively. There were no significant differences between patients undergoing surgery with or without preoperative diagnostic angiography with regard to patency rates. Surgical interventions for correction of infrainguinal graft-related stenotic or aneurysmal lesions can be safely performed based on findings obtained from duplex scanning.
12.	Carlsson, Gunilla, et al. (författare) A hundred days in confinement : Doing, being, becoming, and belonging among older people in Sweden during the COVID-19 pandemic 2022 Ingår i: Journal of Occupational Science. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1442-7591 .- 2158-1576. ; 29:3, s. 402-416 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: When and how people were able to engage in everyday occupations changed suddenly with the coronavirus pandemic. Defined as a risk group due to their age, people 70 years and older in Sweden experienced confinement, as did older adults globally. Aim: To explore how doing, being, becoming, and belonging as dimensions of occupation were manifested in the lives of Swedish people 70 years or older, 100 days into the coronavirus pandemic. Method: Data were elicited through semi-structured interviews with 17 participants (11 women, 6 six men, mean age 76 years), living in ordinary housing in Sweden. Interviews were conducted in June 2020 as part of a larger longitudinal research project. A directed content analysis approach was used to analyse the data based on the occupational dimensions of doing, being, becoming, and belonging. Results: After 100 days of confinement, daily occupations had been changed, and habits and routines disrupted. However, the need to engage in occupations was strong. Participants expressed how they adapted their occupations to the restrictions, but also how their doing affected their well-being, further development, and opportunities for social interactions. Conclusion: The participants, who were older people without any specific diagnosis, reflected upon their daily occupations during an unrehearsed natural experiment when, more than anything else, the social environmental circumstances changed. The analysis elucidates how doing, being, becoming, and belonging is embedded in people’s lives. The study can serve as a foundation to further research on understanding people’s individual needs as occupational beings.
13.	Danielsson Tham, Marie-Louise, 1947-, et al. (författare) Enterotoxigenic enteric bacteria in foods and outbreaks of food-borne diaseases in Sweden 1979 Ingår i: Journal of Hygiene (Cambridge). - 0022-1724. ; 83, s. 33-40 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
14.	Dreisig, Karin, et al. (författare) TPMT polymorphisms and minimal residual disease after 6-mercaptopurine post-remission consolidation therapy of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2021 Ingår i: Pediatric Hematology and Oncology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0888-0018 .- 1521-0669. ; 38:3, s. 227-238 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract © 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. Bone marrow minimal residual disease (MRD) is the strongest predictor of relapse in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). 6-mercaptopurine (6MP) in ALL therapy has wide inter-individual variation in disposition and is strongly influenced by polymorphisms in the thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) gene. In 952 patients treated according to the NOPHO ALL2008 protocol, we explored the association between thiopurine disposition, TPMT genotypes and MRD levels after consolidation therapy with 6MP, high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX), asparaginase, and vincristine. The levels of the cytotoxic DNA-incorporated thioguanine were significantly higher on day 70-79 in G460A/A719G TPMT heterozygous (TPMT HZ) compared to TPMT wild type (TPMT WT) patients (mean: 230.7 vs. 149.7 fmol/µg DNA, p = 0.002). In contrast, TPMT genotype did not associate with the end of consolidation MRD levels irrespective of randomization of the patients to fixed dose (25 mg/m2/day) or 6MP escalation (up to 50 or 75 mg/m2/day) during consolidation therapy.
15.	Ericson, Mia, 1970, et al. (författare) Different dopamine tone in ethanol high- and low-consuming Wistar rats 2020 Ingår i: Addiction Biology. - : Wiley. - 1355-6215 .- 1369-1600. ; 2019 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract - Excessive alcohol use causes considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. Changes in the mesolimbic dopamine system have been postulated as a neurobiological underpinning of excessive alcohol consumption, and recent research also suggests that the amino acid taurine plays a central role in ethanol-induced dopamine elevation. The aim of this study was to further outline the role of dopamine and taurine in regulating alcohol consumption. In this study, a choice between ethanol (20%) and water was administered to Wistar rats in an intermittent manner (three times/week) for seven consecutive weeks. In vivo microdialysis was used to explore baseline levels as well as ethanol-induced increases of extracellular dopamine and taurine, in the nucleus accumbens (nAc) of Wistar rats voluntarily consuming large or small amounts of ethanol. Basal levels of taurine were also measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum in a subset of rats. Ethanol-induced increases in nAc dopamine and taurine did not differ between alcohol-consuming and naïve rats. However, when categorized based on ethanol intake, rats consuming larger amounts of ethanol exhibited a lower dopamine tone in the nucleus accumbens and responded to ethanol with a slower elevation of extracellular taurine levels, as compared with low-consuming animals. Basal levels of taurine in nAc, CSF, or serum did not differ between ethanol high- and low-consuming rats. Our data support previous studies claiming an association between low endogenous dopamine levels and excessive alcohol intake. © 2019 Society for the Study of Addiction
16.	Fransson, Filip, et al. (författare) Kidney function in patients with bipolar disorder with and without lithium treatment compared with the general population in northern Sweden : results from the LiSIE and MONICA cohorts 2022 Ingår i: Lancet psychiatry. - : Elsevier. - 2215-0374 .- 2215-0366. ; 9:10, s. 804-814 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: The clinical relevance of lithium nephropathy is subject to debate. Kidney function decreases with age and comorbidities, and this decline might lead to attribution bias when erroneously ascribed to lithium. We aimed to investigate whether patients with bipolar or schizoaffective disorder had faster decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) compared with the general population, whether observed differences in the steepness of the decline were attributable to lithium, and whether such changes depended on the length of lithium exposure.Methods: In this cross-sectional cohort study, we used clinical data from the Lithium–Study into Effects and Side-effects (LiSIE) retrospective cohort study, which included patients with bipolar disorder or schizoaffective disorder whose medical records were reviewed up to Dec 31, 2017, and the WHO Monitoring of Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease (MONICA) study, covering a representative sample of the general population in northern Sweden aged 25–74 years. The primary outcome was the age-associated decline of creatinine-based eGFR, assessed using linear regression. We adjusted for sex and grouped for different lengths of lithium exposure (never or <1 year, 1–5 years, >5–10 years, and >10 years). For patients with moderate-to-severe kidney disease we identified the underlying nephropathy in the case records.Findings: From LiSIE, we included 785 patients (498 [63%] female and 287 [37%] male), with a mean age of 49·8 years (SD 13·2; range 25–74). From MONICA, we included 1549 individuals (800 [52%] female and 749 [48%] male), with a mean age of 51·9 years (13·8; 25–74). No ethnicity data were collected. Adjusted for duration of lithium exposure, eGFR declined by 0·57 mL/min/1·73 m2/year (95% CI 0·50–0·63) in patients with bipolar disorder or schizoaffective disorder and by 0·57 mL/min/1·73 m2/year (0·53–0·61) in the reference population. Lithium added 0·54 mL/min/1·73 m2 (0·43–0·64) per year of treatment (p<0·0001). After more than 10 years on lithium, decline was significantly steeper than in all other groups including the reference population (p<0·0001). Lithium nephropathy was judged to be the commonest cause of moderate-to-severe chronic kidney disease, but comorbidities played a role. The effect of lithium on eGFR showed a high degree of inter-individual variation.Interpretation: Steeper eGFR decline in patients with bipolar disorder or schizoaffective disorder can be attributed to lithium, but the trajectory of kidney function decline varies widely. Comorbidities affecting kidneys should be treated assertively as one possible means to affect the trajectory. In patients with a fast trajectory, a trade-off is required between continuing lithium to treat mental health problems and discontinuing lithium for the sake of renal health.Funding: Norrbotten County Research and Learning Fund Sweden, Visare Norr (Northern County Councils Regional Federation Fund), Swedish Kidney Foundation (Njurfonden), Swedish Kidney Association (Njurförbundet), Norrbotten section.Translation: For the Swedish translation of the Summary see Supplementary Materials section.
17.	Grenholm, Cristina, et al. (författare) Öppningar : Möten med bibeln 2004 Bok (refereegranskat)abstract Denna bok, som skrivits av två bibelforskare och tre systematiska teologer tillsammans, går i närkamp med många av bibeltolkningens svåra frågor: Hur kan man handskas med bibelns mångfald? Hur kan man hantera anstötliga texter? Hur kan bibeln förstås idag?This book is the result of a thorough cooperation between two biblical exegetes and three systematic theologians. They address many of the difficult issues of contemporary biblical interpretation: How can we cope with the tensions and contradictions within the biblical texts? How can we handle offensive texts? How can the bible be understood today?
18.	Haller, Henrik, 1977-, et al. (författare) Phytoremediation of Heavy-Metal-Contaminated Soils : Capacity of Amaranth Plants to Extract Cadmium from Nutrient-Poor, Acidic Substrates 2023 Ingår i: Challenges. - : MDPI. ; 14:2 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Soil pollution is a threat to food security and ecological and human health. Cd is one of the most common pollutants in agricultural soil and, due its human toxicity, one of the most hazardous. Amaranth is a documented hyperaccumulator of Cd and other pollutants, and it is commonly grown in Asia and South America. A considerable amount of amaranth is grown in suboptimal conditions, including nutrient-poor acidic soils. The objective of this experimental study was to examine the capacity of Amaranthus hypochondriacus to extract Cd from a nutrient-poor, acidic substrate that was spiked with different concentrations of Cd (2 and 20 mg kg−1 dw) during a period of 180 days. The plants grown in the substrate that was spiked with 20 mg Cd kg−1 dw did not develop into mature plants, but the plants grown in substrate that was spiked with 2 mg Cd kg−1 dw extracted a significant amount of Cd from the substrate by accumulating it into the above-ground biomass. The Cd levels varied from 113 to 176 mg kg−1 in the stems at the four measuring points, and from 64 to 94 mg kg−1 in the leaves. The concentrations in the plants increased with time and reached a maximal concentration of 176 ± 45 mg kg−1 dw for stems and 94 ± 41 mg kg−1 dw for leaves after 180 days. The mean bioaccumulation factor in the plants was 86 ± 15 after 90 days, 72 ± 12 after 120 days, 105 ± 37 after 150 days, and 99 ± 31 after 180 days, which confirms the previously reported capacity of Amaranthus hypochondriacus to hyperaccumulate Cd. Amaranthus hypochondriacus may, thus, be used to improve ecological and human health by remediating moderately Cd-polluted soils, even in nutrient-poor acidic soils.
19.	Hansen, Violeta, 1979, et al. (författare) Naturally occurring radionuclides assessment in the Arctic 2023 Ingår i: The XIX conference of the Nordic Society for Radiation Protection, held at Malmö Live, Malmö, Sweden, June 5-9, 2023. - https://nsfs.org/?lang=en : The Nordic Society for Radiation Protection (NSFS). Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Naturally occurring radionuclides (NORs), primarily 210Po, accumulates in seafood, marine, and terrestrial mammals, which are an important part of the traditional Arctic diet. Arctic seafood plays an important role in the worldwide seafood industry. NORs were measured in glaciers from Svalbard, the Arctic Ocean, surface seawater and sediments from Norwegian marine areas, seabirds from Greenland, seafood and marine mammals from the Nordic region, Faroe Islands, Greenland, and Canada, terrestrial mammals from Greenland, and lake sediments in northernmost Finland. Outdoor 222Rn was measured in Finland, Canada, and Norway and atmospheric 210Pb, 212Pb, and 7Be were measured in Norway, Sweden, Finland, Iceland, and Canada. Deposited 210Pb and 7Be were measured in Sweden and Finland. Glaciers and marine sediment results show oil and gas, coal combustion, and ore mining as anthropogenic sources. NORs are long-range transported via atmospheric and oceanic currents in the Arctic. 210Pb has a long atmospheric residence time, especially in winter. 228Ra activities in the Transpolar Drift approximately doubled between 2007 and 2015, indicating that climate-driven changes may be increasing the release of shelf-derived elements to the open Arctic Ocean. Results showed no effect of climate change on 210Pb deposition in sediments in Lake Kevojarvi in northernmost Finland. 210Po is the major contributor to the annual effective dose via seafood and marine and terrestrial mammal consumption in the Arctic population, far exceeding dose contributions from 137Cs, 226Ra, 228Ra, and 210Pb. 210Po absorbed dose rates to studied biota are several orders of magnitude lower than the recommended dose rate screening value of 10 µGy h-1. NORs atmospheric results follow an annual cycle, which is mainly driven by seasonal weather and climate changes. Understanding the sources and associated doses from NORs is necessary to assess risks and public perception of risks, support science-based decision-making, and policy development engaging public and Indigenous peoples.
20.	Højfeldt, Sofie G., et al. (författare) Genetic predisposition to PEG-asparaginase hypersensitivity in children treated according to NOPHO ALL2008 2019 Ingår i: British Journal of Haematology. - : Wiley. - 0007-1048 .- 1365-2141. ; 184:3, s. 405-417 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Asparaginase is essential in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) treatment, however hypersensitivity reactions to pegylated asparaginase (PEG-asparaginase) hampers anti-neoplastic efficacy. Patients with PEG-asparaginase hypersensitivity have been shown to possess zero asparaginase enzyme activity. Using this measurement to define the phenotype, we investigated genetic predisposition to PEG-asparaginase hypersensitivity in a genome-wide association study (GWAS). From July 2008 to March 2016, 1494 children were treated on the Nordic Society of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology ALL2008 protocol. Cases were defined by clinical hypersensitivity and no enzyme activity, controls had enzyme activity ≥ 100 iu/l and no hypersensitivity symptoms. PEG-asparaginase hypersensitivity was reported in 13·8% (206/1494) of patients. Fifty-nine cases and 772 controls fulfilled GWAS inclusion criteria. The CNOT3 variant rs73062673 on 19q13.42, was associated with PEG-asparaginase allergy (P = 4·68 × 10-8 ). We further identified two signals on chromosome 6 in relation to HLA-DQA1 (P = 9·37 × 10-6 ) and TAP2 (P = 1·59 × 10-5 ). This study associated variants in CNOT3 and in the human leucocyte antigen (HLA) region with PEG-asparaginase hypersensitivity, suggesting that not only genetic variations in the HLA region, but also regulation of these genes are of importance in the biology of this toxicity. Furthermore, our study emphasizes the importance of using asparaginase enzyme activity measurements to identify PEG-asparaginase hypersensitivity.
21.	Innala, Lena, et al. (författare) Cardiovascular events in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are a result of inflammatory burden and traditional risk factors : a five year prospective study 2011 Ingår i: Arthritis Research & Therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1478-6362 .- 1478-6354. ; 13:4, s. R131- Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Introduction Co-morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular disease (CVD) are increased in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Most published studies in this field are retrospective or cross sectional. We investigated the presence of traditional and disease related risk factors for CVD at the onset of RA and during the first 5 years following diagnosis. We also evaluated their potential for predicting a new cardiovascular event (CVE) during the 5 year follow-up period and the modulatory effect of pharmacological treatment.Methods All patients from the four northern-most counties of Sweden with early RA are since December 1995 consecutively recruited at diagnsosis (T0) into a large survey on the progress of the disease. Information regarding cardiovascular co-morbidity and related predictors was collected from clinical records and supplemented with questionnaires. By April 2008, 700 patients had been included of whom 442 patients had reached the 5-year follow-up (T5).Result Among the 442 patients who reached T5 during the follow-up period, treatment for hypertension increased from 24.5 to 37.4% ( p<0.001)), diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) from 7.1 to 9.5%(p<0.01) whilst smoking decreased from 29.8 to 22.4 % ( p<0.001) and the BMI from 26.3 to 25.8( p<0.05) , respectively. By T5, 48 patients had suffered a new CVE of which 12 were fatal. A total of 23 patients died during the follow-up period. Age at disease onset, male sex, a previous CVE, DM, treatment for hypertension, triglyceride level, cumulative disease activity (AUC DAS28), extra-articular disease, corticosteroid use, shorter duration of treatment with DMARDs and use of COX-2 inhibitors increased the hazard rate for a new CVE. A raised ESR at inclusion and AUC DAS28 at 6 months increased the hazard rate of CVE independently whilst DMARD treatment was protective in multiple Cox extended models adjusted for sex and CV risk factors. The risk of a CVE due to inflammation was potentiated by traditional CV risk factors.Conclusion The occurrence of new CV events in very early RA was explained by traditional CV risk factors and was potentiated by high disease activity. Treatment with DMARDs decreased the risk. The results may have implications for cardio-protective strategies in RA.
22.	Johansson, Louise, et al. (författare) Frequency of apical periodontitis in root-filled teeth restored with post and core : A 5-year retrospective study 2024 Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Dental Research. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2057-4347. ; 10:3 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: In conjunction with post placement in root-filled teeth with periapical healthy conditions, root canal retreatment may be performed to improve the seal of the root canal. Whether root canal retreatment for technical reasons (retreatments in teeth without apical periodontitis (AP)) results in lower frequency of AP is unknown.OBJECTIVE: To examine whether there is a difference in frequency of AP between roots with root canals retreated for technical reasons, and roots with root canals not retreated before post placement, with a minimum follow-up of 5 years. Also, to examine changes in root filling quality following root canal retreatment for technical reasons.METHODS: This retrospective study included radiographs of 441 root-filled roots without periapical radiolucencies at baseline, scheduled for post and core treatment. Follow-up data for a minimum of 5 years were available for 305 roots (loss to follow-up 30.8%), 46 of which were retreated for technical reasons. Two calibrated observers assessed root filling sealing quality and length, respectively, and periapical status according to the Periapical Index. The main outcome of the study, AP, was used as the dependent variable and all analyses were performed at root level.RESULTS: The overall frequency of AP at follow-up was 13.8%. The difference in frequency of AP between retreated (4.3%) and nonretreated (15.4%) root canals was not statistically significant, p = .061. Analyses including only roots with preoperatively inadequate root filling quality showed a statistically significant difference (p = .017) between the two treatment groups (2.4% vs. 22.9%).CONCLUSIONS: Root canal retreatment for technical reasons before post and core placement significantly reduces the frequency of AP in roots with inadequate root filling quality.
23.	Jonsson, Anna C., 1967-, et al. (författare) Verktygslåda för klimatanpassningsprocesser : Från sårbarhetsbedömning till sårbarhetshantering 2011 Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract För att möta utmaningarna med ett förändrat klimat är minskade utsläpp av växthusgaser och anpassning till klimatförändringens ofrånkomliga effekter olika sidor av samma mynt. Det är av största vikt att samhället gör sitt yttersta för att förhindra ytterligare uppvärmning av jordens atmosfär. Det är också nödvändigt att se de förändringar som redan inträffat och sannolikt kommer att inträffa innan de samlade åtgärderna för utsläppsminskning får full effekt. Klimatanpassning är därför ett nyckelperspektiv som motiveras av faktiska förändringar i vår omvärld och av krav på bl.a. kommuner att ta hänsyn till klimatförändringar. Kunskap om klimatförändringarnas effekter och hur dessa kan hanteras är definitivt inte bara viktigt för kommunala förvaltningar, utan också för andra myndigheter, olika samhällssektorer och branschorganisationer, privata organisationer och företag, samt för privatpersoner.Som stöd i detta arbete finns mängder av resurser i form av kvantitativa dataunderlag som t.ex. klimatmodelleringar, karteringar, GIS-verktyg, sofistikerade beräkningsverktyg och avancerade konsekvensmodeller. Även lagkrav som t.ex. Plan- och bygglagen (PBL) och olika aktörers erfarenheter av händelser som krävt akuta och mera långsiktiga åtgärder, t.ex. översvämningar, utgör också en form av stöd. Däremot saknas ett strukturerat angreppssätt för hur man kan organisera en klimatanpassningsprocess som integrerar olika typer av kunskap och perspektiv och har förmåga att sortera i informationsmängderna och prioritera de viktigaste frågorna. Denna handbok syftar till att fylla detta tomrum genom att tillgängliggöra resultat från de senaste årens forskning kring integrerade sårbarhetsbedömningar och anpassningsprocesser.Vår ambition är att detta ska vara en självinstruerande, användarvänlig och relativt enkel handbok för, i första hand, kommuner men även andra organisationer som ser ett behov av ett strukturerat angreppssätt för att möta klimatförändringarna. Verktygslådans grundidé är att en grupp representanter från olika förvaltningar och ansvarsområden träffas i en serie möten (förslagsvis fyra möten à ca. tre timmar) för att med hjälp av verktygen diskutera och sammanställa den kunskap som finns utspridd inom kommuner och identifiera områden där det behövs mera information.Vi anser att det är mycket viktigt att anpassningsarbetet är förankrat bland flera typer av relevanta aktörer som kan bidra med olika perspektiv och erfarenheter. Detta är nödvändigt för att förstå den mångfald av faktorer och komplexitet som bidrar till att sårbara situationer kan uppstå. Ett holistiskt synsätt är också en förutsättning för att identifiera åtgärder som bör prioriteras för att hållbara anpassningsstrategier ska kunna implementeras.Fokus i verktygslådan ligger därför på att skapa en arbetsprocess som systematiskt identifierar viktiga faktorer, tillgängliga handlingsalternativ och möjliga ansvariga aktörer. Detta lägger i sin tur grunden för en övergripande anpassningsstrategi med goda chanser för genomförande av nödvändiga åtgärder. Processen bör således omfatta en arbetsgrupp med representanter för både ”hårda” och ”mjuka” förvaltningar som träffas regelbundet under en begränsad tidsperiod och utifrån sina skilda perspektiv sammanställer en bild av kommunens sårbarhet. Tillsammans skapar processledaren och deltagarna ett fruktbart samtal med hela kommunens bästa i fokus, på kort och lång sikt.
24.	Jonsson, Anna, et al. (författare) Cities’ capacity to manage climate vulnerability : experiences from participatory vulnerability assessments in the lower Göta Älv Catchment, Sweden 2012 Ingår i: Local Environment. - : Routledge. - 1354-9839 .- 1469-6711. ; 17:6-7, s. 735-750 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Within the scope of this project, tools for conducting systematic and integrated climate vulnerability and sustainability assessments have been developed. Two municipalities in the lower Göta Älv catchment were selected as study cases. Together with representatives from key municipal departments and national government agencies, the interdisciplinary research team designed and conducted a co-production process. Results obtained using the developed tools demonstrate that conducting such a systematic assessment of the current situation and potential impacts of climate change adaptation measures would contribute to synergies between adaptation strategies and other policy arenas. Our recommendation for enhancing the capacity of local vulnerability management in Sweden is to shift foci in four fields: from static analysis of climate vulnerability to a dynamic approach to social vulnerability, from a sectorwise fragmented approach to integrated management, from a focus on technical fixes and physical measures to institutional adaptation measures, and, finally, from sustainability-blind adaptation investments to long-term sustainable climate adaptation measures. The processes and mechanisms for succeeding in this requires that knowledge be produced, shared, and managed in partly new ways, allowing stakeholders both inside and outside local government administration to voice and synergise their concerns and solutions.
25.	Jonsson, Ann-Louise (författare) Synthetic studies of marine indole alkaloids and related systems 2005 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract This thesis is mainly focussed oil the synthesis of marine indole alkaloids and related systems, many of which display interesting biological activities. In the first part of this thesis we could establish and confirm the stucture of barettin and 8,9dihydrobarettin, isolated from the marine sponge Geodia baretti. The synthesis of barettin and 8,9dihydrobarettin was performed in this work, involving a highly functionalised arginine derivative. This arginine derivative was used in a peptide coupling with 6-bromotryptophan methyl ester, as in the case of 8,9-dihydrobarettin, or as a phosphonate derivative in a Homer-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction with 6-bromoindole-3carboxaldehyde, as in the key step in the synthesis of barettin. Both barettin and 8,9dihydrobarettin are highly efficient in inhibiting the settlement of cyprid larvae of the barnacle Balanus improvisus, which makes them especially interesting as potential antifouling agents. The synthesis of ail additional indole alkaloid, dipodazine (structurally related to barettin) is also described in this section. Dipodazine has been isolated and characterised as a major metabolite from P. dipodomyis and was here synthesized via a stereoselective aldol condensation from Nprotected indole-3-carboxaldehyde and 1,4-diacetyl-2,5-piperazinedione ill the presence of caesium carbonate. Several analogues of dipodazine, together with a few barettin analogues have been prepared and tested for activity ill antifouling assays, results and relevance of which are discussed ill this thesis. The second part of this thesis deals with the synthesis of the marine bis(indole) alkaloids rhopaladins A-D, isolated from the Okinawan marine tunicate Rhopalaea sp. The synthesis of the rhopaladins involved ail imidate based cyclisation with tryptophan esters as the key step. A short and efficient new synthesis of indole-3-carbonyl nitriles from indole-3carboxaldehydes and trimethylsilyl cyanide, followed by oxidation with DDQ is also described. The last part of this thesis describes the synthetic approaches towards ail indole alkaloid isolated from a Caribbean sponge, Halichondria melanodocia Furthermore, an efficient method for preparation of certain carbazole derivatives, using indole and itaconic anhydride is described. Using this method, the 1-oxygenated carbazole alkaloid clausine E has been prepared in two steps.
26.	Jonsson, Bert, 1961-, et al. (författare) Prospective head tracking : head movements, accuracy and timing in relation to a circular object motion 2009 Ingår i: Current Psychology Letters. - : Centre PsyCLE. - 1379-6100. ; 25:1, s. 1-15 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In this study, kinematic and video recordings were made of the eye- and head tracking of an object revolving in a vertical plane in two groups of infants (6- and 12-month-old) and one group of adults. The study had two purposes. The first concerned infants' abilities to negotiate the target trajectory when being forced to extensively recruit the head. The second addressed the question whether the same underlying neural controller drives both eye- and head motor systems. It was found that head tracking ability is functional already in 6-month-old infants. However, infants of both age groups displayed more extensive head movements and less accuracy compared to adults. This finding is in line with previous research on one-dimensional horizontal head tracking in infants. Infants also showed less developed timing between head movements and vertical object motion, supporting the argument that both eye- and head tracking have a common developmental trajectory.
27.	Jonsson, Egon, et al. (författare) Utilization of Coronary Care Units in Sweden 1977 Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine. - : SAGE Publications. - 0300-8037. ; 5:3, s. 141-144 Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Coronary care unit usage has expanded rapidly in all high income countries with little attention to effectivity or cost. A study of six randomly chosen Swedish units showed that larger units in teaching hospitals had significantly lower age-adjusted mortality rates, higher proportions of myocardial infarction patients, and greater productivity and efficiency. Comparisons with a study from the United States showed better results in the Swedish hospital units according to all variables measured. Although proof of effectiveness of CCU's is lacking, their continued use is assured. A less than optimal solution is a rational distribution of units based upon epidemiologically determined need, while stressing good organization and efficiency.
28.	Jonsson, Gabriel, et al. (författare) Upfront Radiotherapy in Patients With Asymptomatic Incurable Rectal Cancer : A Retrospective Cohort Study 2020 Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - : International Institute of Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 40:10, s. 5853-5860 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND/AIM: The optimal treatment sequencing for asymptomatic de novo metastatic rectal cancer is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of upfront radiotherapy, with or without chemotherapy on risk for local complications, in patients with asymptomatic advanced metastatic rectal cancer treated with palliative intention.PATIENTS AND METHODS: All patients with de novo metastatic rectal cancer diagnosed between January 2008 and December 2017 in two healthcare regions in Sweden (Örebro län, Sörmland) were identified and data were extracted from electronic medical records. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on treatment sequence: upfront radiotherapy, upfront chemotherapy, and only palliative surgery.RESULTS: In total, 102 patients were included in the study cohort, 30 patients in upfront radiotherapy group, 54 in upfront chemotherapy, and 18 in only palliative surgery group. Patients with only upfront CT [odds ratio (OR)= 5.10; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.24-20.91, p=0.024] had a higher risk to suffer from a local complication compared to those who received upfront radiotherapy. Cause-specific Cox regression analysis among patients who received oncological therapy revealed that female patients [cause-specific hazard ratio (csHR)=3.61; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.67-7.81] and upfront chemotherapy [csHR=1.85; 95% CI=1.11-3.77] were associated with increased cumulative incidence of local complication over time, whereas primary surgery with ostomy or stent with lower risk [csHR=0.45; 95% CI=0.21-0.99].CONCLUSION: Patients who received upfront radiotherapy, with or without chemotherapy, had fewer local complications due to primary tumor compared to patients who only received chemotherapy. This could indicate that radiotherapy to the primary tumor could be discussed with the patients as a first treatment option for asymptomatic metastatic rectal cancer to prevent local complications later during the disease.
29.	Jonsson, Lars-Erik, 1946, et al. (författare) Sharing thoughts in computer-mediated communication 2005 Ingår i: L. Dirkinck-Holmfeld, B. Lindström, M.Svendsen, M. Ponti (red). Conditions for productive learning in networked learning environments. Aalborg, Denmark. Kaleidoscope, Aalborg University.. ; , s. 74-83 Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
30.	Jonsson, Rasmus, 1989, et al. (författare) Chemical poisoning by zinc and phosphorous of Pt/Ba/Al2O3 NOx storage catalysts 2019 Ingår i: Applied Catalysis A: General. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-3875 .- 0926-860X. ; 571, s. 158-169 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The effects of phosphorous and zinc on the performance of Pt/Ba/Al2O3 catalysts were investigated through wet impregnation of ammonium phosphate and zinc acetate aqueous solutions. Six different sample combinations were studied; 1 wt-% P, 1 wt-% Zn, 1 wt-% P with 1 wt-% Zn, 2 wt-% P, 2 wt-% Zn, 2 wt-% P with 2 wt-% Zn. NOx storage and reduction (NSR) activity and NO2 temperature programmed desorption (TPD) profiles were measured before and after impregnation of P and Zn. Samples containing P performed significantly worse than samples only containing Zn in both NSR activity and TPD measurements. The increased NOx slip during lean phase in activity measurements for P-poisoned samples is mainly related to an increased slip of NO2. This was found for both NO and NO2 in the gas feed during lean phase and suggests that it is mainly the storage component that is poisoned and not the noble metal. Furthermore, the combination (1 wt-% P and 1 wt-% Zn) proved to result in slightly worse performance than only 1 wt-% P, however this was not the case for samples containing 2 wt-%, where the addition of zinc reduced the negative effect of phosphorous. Measurements from NO2-TPD experiments showed that NOx release at low temperature was not affected by the addition of P, while desorption in the temperature range 425–475 °C was significantly reduced. It can therefore be concluded that the poisoning mainly is related to barium NOx storage sites and not to alumina sites. Moreover, X-ray diffraction measurements indicate that some of the barium species are affected by phosphorous. Images from scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) mapping were in line with the results seen in both the activity tests and NO2-TPD experiments. Phosphorous was concentrated at the same position as barium in the observed images, whereas zinc was more evenly distributed over the surface. For the sample with both 2 wt-% P and 2 wt-% Zn, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements indicate that Zn and P have a low interaction and this suggests that most of the zinc and phosphorous are separated. However, STEM-EDX showed agglomerates of some zinc and phosphorous, which could be zinc phosphates. This is a plausible explanation of the decreased deactivation observed after introducing 2 wt-% Zn compared to the sample only containing 2 wt-% P.
31.	Jonsson, Rasmus, 1989, et al. (författare) Gas-phase phosphorous poisoning of a Pt/Ba/Al2O3 NOx storage catalyst 2018 Ingår i: Catalysts. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4344. ; 8:4 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The effect of phosphorous exposure on the NO x storage capacity of a Pt/Ba/Al 2 O 3 catalyst coated on a ceramic monolith substrate has been studied. The catalyst was exposed to phosphorous by evaporating phosphoric acid in presence of H 2 O and O 2 . The NOx storage capacity was measured before and after the phosphorus exposure and a significant loss of the NO x storage capacity was detected after phosphorous exposure. The phosphorous poisoned samples were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), N 2 -physisorption and inductive coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). All characterization methods showed an axial distribution of phosphorous ranging from the inlet to the outlet of the coated monolith samples with a higher concentration at the inlet of the samples. Elemental analysis, using ICP-AES, confirmed this distribution of phosphorous on the catalyst surface. The specific surface area and pore volume were significantly lower at the inlet section of the monolith where the phosphorous concentration was higher, and higher at the outlet where the phosphorous concentration was lower. The results from the XPS and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyses showed higher accumulation of phosphorus towards the surface of the catalyst at the inlet of the monolith and the phosphorus was to a large extent present in the form of P 4 O 10 . However, in the middle section of the monolith, the XPS analysis revealed the presence of more metaphosphate (PO 3 – ). Moreover, the SEM-EDX analysis showed that the phosphorous to higher extent had diffused into the washcoat and was less accumulated at the surface close to the outlet of the sample
32.	Jonsson, Rasmus, 1989, et al. (författare) The Impact of Lanthanum and Zeolite Structure on Hydrocarbon Storage 2021 Ingår i: Catalysts. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4344. ; 11:5 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Hydrocarbon traps can be used to bridge the temperature gap from the cold start of a vehicle until the exhaust after-treatment catalyst has reached its operating temperature. In this work, we investigate the effect of zeolite structure (ZSM-5, BEA, SSZ-13) and the effect of La addition to H-BEA and H-ZSM-5 on the hydrocarbon storage capacity by temperature-programmed desorption and DRIFT spectroscopy. The results show that the presence of La has a significant effect on the adsorption characteristics of toluene on the BEA-supported La materials. A low loading of La onto zeolite BEA (2% La-BEA) improves not only the toluene adsorption capacity but also the retention of toluene. However, a higher loading of La results in a decrease in the adsorbed amount of toluene, which likely is due to partial blocking of the pore of the support. High loadings of La in BEA result in a contraction of the unit cell of the zeolite as evidenced by XRD. A synergetic effect of having simultaneously different types of hydrocarbons (toluene, propene, and propane) in the feed is found for samples containing ZSM-5, where the desorption temperature of propane increases, and the quantity that desorbed increases by a factor of four. This is found to be due to the interaction between toluene and propane inside the structure of the zeolite.
33.	Jonsson, Rasmus, 1989, et al. (författare) Zeolite beta doped with La, Fe, and Pd as a hydrocarbon trap 2020 Ingår i: Catalysts. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4344. ; 10:2 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Hydrocarbon trapping is a technique of great relevance, since a substantial part of hydrocarbon emissions from engines are released from engines before the catalyst has reached the temperature for efficient conversion of the hydrocarbons. In this work, the influence of doping zeolite beta (BEA) with Fe, Pd, and La on the storage and release of propene and toluene is studied. Five monolith samples were prepared; Fe/BEA, La/BEA, Pd/BEA, Pd/Fe/BEA, and Pd/La/BEA using incipient wetness impregnation, and the corresponding powder samples were used for catalyst characterization by Inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometry (ICP-SFMS), Temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Scanning transmission electron microscopy with Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (STEM-EDX). The hydrocarbon trapping ability of the samples was quantified using Temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) of propene and toluene, and in situ Diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS). The results from the TPD experiments show that the addition of Pd and La to the zeolite affected the release patterns of the stored hydrocarbons on the trapping material in a positive way. The in situ DRIFTS results indicate that these elements provide H-BEA with additional sites for the storage of hydrocarbons. Furthermore, EDX-mapping showed that the La and Pd are located in close connection.
34.	Jonsson, Susanne, 1980, et al. (författare) Changes in glycine receptor subunit expression in forebrain regions of the Wistar rat over development. 2012 Ingår i: Brain research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-6240 .- 0006-8993. ; 1446, s. 12-21 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Glycine receptors (GlyRs) are pentameric membrane proteins in the form of either α-homomers or α-β heteromers. Four out of five subunits; α1-3 and β, have been found in the mammalian brain. Early studies investigating subunit composition and expression patterns of this receptor have proposed a developmental switch from α2 homomers to α1β heteromers as the CNS matures, a conclusion primarily based on results from the spinal cord. However, our previous results indicate that this might not apply to e.g. the forebrain regions. Here we examined alterations in GlyR expression caused by developmental changes in selected brain areas, focusing on reward-related regions. Animals of several ages (P2, P21 and P60) were included to examine potential changes over time. In accordance with previous reports, a switch in expression was observed in the spinal cord. However, the present results indicate that a decrease in α2 subunit expression is not replaced by α1 subunit expression since the generally low levels, and modest increases, of α1 could hardly replace the reduction in α2-mRNA. Instead mRNA measurements indicate that α2 continues to be the dominating α-subunit also in adult animals, usually in combination with high and stable levels of β-subunit expression. This indicates that alterations in GlyR subunit expression are not simply a maturation effect common for the entire CNS, but rather a unique pattern of transition depending on the region at hand.
35.	Jonsson, Susanne, 1980, et al. (författare) The involvement of accumbal glycine receptors in the dopamine-elevating effects of addictive drugs 2014 Ingår i: Neuropharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0028-3908. ; 82, s. 69-75 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The ability of drugs of abuse to increase mesolimbic levels of dopamine is a characteristic associated with their rewarding effects. Exactly how these effects are produced by different substances is not as well characterised. Our previous work in rats has demonstrated that accumbal glycine receptors (GlyRs) are involved in mediating the dopamine-activating effects of ethanol, and in modulating ethanol intake. In this study the investigation of GlyR involvement was extended to include several different drugs of abuse. By using microdialysis and electrophysiology we compared effects of addictive drugs, with and without the GlyR antagonist strychnine, on dopamine levels and neurotransmission in nucleus accumbens. The dopamine-increasing effect of systemic ethanol and the drug-induced change in neurotransmission in vitro, as measured by microdialysis and field potential recordings, were dependent on GlyRs in nAc. Accumbal GlyRs were also involved in the actions of tetrahydrocannabinol and nicotine, but not in those of cocaine or morphine. These data indicate that accumbal GlyRs play a key role in ethanol-induced dopamine activation and contribute also to that of cannabinoids and nicotine. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
36.	Jonsson, Tomas, et al. (författare) Atopic dermatitis and stress: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of female patients with atopic dermatitis using an arithmetic task 2024 Ingår i: JEADV CLINICAL PRACTICE. - : WILEY. - 2768-6566. ; 3:2, s. 580-590 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by eczematous lesions, dry skin and persistent itch. AD may worsen due to psychological stress. However, little is known about the neural correlates that mediate the interaction between psychological stress and AD.ObjectivesTo identify the possible difference in brain activation during arithmetic-task induced stress in patients with AD versus healthy controls (HC) as well as the link between the brain response and clinical and psychodemographic parameters.MethodsA cohort of 29 AD female patients and 23 matched HC were recruited to investigate the potential difference in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) response to a block-designed arithmetic paradigm. Both the HC and AD subjects were evaluated regarding their psychological traits, and for the AD subjects also their clinical characteristics, including stress indicators such as heart rate and salivary cortisol. We employed both univariate and multivariate statistical methods to analyse the blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) fMRI response of the subjects to the block-designed arithmetic paradigm.Results(1) Compared with HC subjects, the AD patients depict less deactivation in the default mode network including right angular gyrus, bilateral temporal pole and temporal lobe in response to the arithmetic task. (2) The BOLD fMRI response amplitude in the right postcentral gyrus and inferior parietal lobule is positively correlated with the stress susceptibility scores in the AD subjects, whereas the trend was the opposite of this for the HC subjects. (3) The activation in the postcentral gyrus also shows a correlation with the degree of itch in the AD patients.ConclusionsThe BOLD fMRI measurements based on an arithmetic paradigm can provide useful insight into altered brain processing and its association with psychological traits and clinical characteristics in subjects with AD. Psychological stress exacerbates brain activities for the AD subjects in the motor, somatosensory association cortex, perception and sensory integration processing. The postcentral gyrus might be of particular interest for itch and stress.
37.	Karacagil, Sadettin, et al. (författare) A modified technique of ultrasonic triplex scanning of the lower extremity arteries 1996 Ingår i: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences. - 0300-9734 .- 2000-1967. ; 101:1, s. 113-120 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This study was undertaken to evaluate the utility of a modified technique of triplex scanning of the lower extremity arteries in 20 subjects without any clinical signs of arterial disease. The distal aorta and iliac arteries were examined with the subject in supine position and lying slightly on the opposite side. By moderate compression of the probe towards the psoas muscle and directing it over the iliac arteries with slight medial retraction of the abdomen, satisfactory visualization of the common and external arteries with 7.5 MHz high resolution imaging and a 5.6 MHz doppler probe were obtained in 56 of 80 segments (70%). In obese individuals it was necessary to use 5 MHz probe for satisfactory scanning of the aortic bifurcation and common iliac arteries. The distal superficial femoral, popliteal and tibioperoneal trunk segments were examined with the patient prone and the knee slightly flexed. Peak systolic, early diastolic reverse and late diastolic forward flow velocities were studied together with measurement of the arterial diemeters, which demonstrated wide variations. This study suggests that satisfactory scanning of the iliac and femoropopliteal arteries with the described technique can be achieved in the majority of subjects with a superficial high resolution probe. The combination of 7.5 MHz two-dimensional imaging with a 5.6 MHz pulsed wave Doppler probe offers optimal information of these arteries in nonobese individuals.
38.	Karacagil, Sadettin, et al. (författare) Extremitetsartärkirurgi utan angiografi : Enklare preoperativ kartläggning med färgdoppler 1995 Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 92:40, s. 3692-3693 Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
39.	Klevbo, Louise, et al. (författare) Peripheral circulatory response to shear stress applied to the sacral region Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
40.	Logason, Karl, et al. (författare) The importance of Doppler angle of insonation on differentiation between 50-69% and 70-99% carotid artery stenosis 2001 Ingår i: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-5884 .- 1532-2165. ; 21:4, s. 311-313 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract AIM: to investigate the importance of Doppler angle differentiating between 50-69% and >/=70% internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: fifty-one patients with a previous diagnosis of 50-69% ICA stenosis (n =53) were re-evaluated by duplex scanning. Spectral Doppler velocity waveforms were obtained from common carotid (CCA), ICA and external (ECA) carotid arteries with the same Doppler angle of insonation as used at the initial duplex scanning, followed by repeated measurements with a fixed 60 degrees angle of insonation. RESULTS: the peak systolic velocity (PSV) in the ICA was 181+/-55 cm/s (mean+/-SD) at the second duplex scanning when the same angle of insonation (mean 46 degrees +/-9) was used as during the initial investigation. When the examination was done with a 60 degrees angle of insonation, PSV ICA was 261+/-96 cm/s (mean+/-SD). In fifteen arteries the estimated degree of ICA stenosis changed from 50-69% to 70-99% due to the application of a fixed Doppler angle of insonation at 60 degrees. CONCLUSION: the Doppler angle of insonation has a significant effect on spectral Doppler velocity measurements. It is crucial that duplex criteria are standardised with a fixed angle of insonation and that this angle is consistently used during velocity estimations.
41.	Lohm, Ulrik, 1943-, et al. (författare) Databasen Stockhome : Flöden och ackumulation av metaller i Stockholms teknosfär 1997 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
42.	Luistro Jonsson, Marijane, et al. (författare) Hur kan prosociala beteenden främjas under kriser? 2023 Ingår i: Socialmedicinsk Tidskrift. - : Karolinska institutet. - 0037-833X. ; 100:3, s. 433-445 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Vi lever i en tid då kriser avlöser varandra och vi översköljs av information om hur vi ska bete oss för att minska dess negativa effekter. Att främja prosocialt beteende visar sig minska negativa effekter av kriser och därför är det viktigt att undersöka vad som främjar prosocialitet under pågående kriser. Denna explorativa litteraturstudie omfattar tolv artiklar publicerade inom ämnesområdet psykologi mellan år 2021-2023, där olika faktorer som kan främja pro-socialt beteende under COVID-19 krisen identifieras. Resultatet av denna genomgång visar att social identitet, kunskapsöverföring och förväntad effekt av en beteendeförändring, med avseende på inre drivkrafter och kontexter, var viktiga faktorer som var associerade med prosocialt beteende under COVID- 19 krisen. Dessa resultat kan ge nya insikter om hur vi kan främja prosociala beteenden och förbereda oss för eventuella framtida kriser.
43.	Luistro Jonsson, Marijane, et al. (författare) Inre och yttre hållbarhet i kristider 2023 Ingår i: Socialmedicinsk tidskrift. - : SMT. ; 100:3, s. 429-432 Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract Intresset för forskning, utbildning och utveckling inom social hållbarhet, inte minst under kriser, fortsätter att öka. Covid-19 pandemin, kriget i Ukraina, klimatförändringarna, den minskade biologiska mångfalden och potentiella hot såsom politisk polarisering och AI påverkar området social hållbarhet. För tio år sedan etablerades ”Centrum för social hållbarhet” (CSS) på Karolinska Institutet och olika forskare med sina perspektiv på ”Socialt hållbar utveckling – fokus på empati, compassion och altruism” bidrog till ett temanummer av Socialmedicinsk tidskrift 2013. För fem år sedan gav vi också ut temanumret ”Social hållbarhet” i Socialmedicinsk tidskrift 2018, och konstaterar att området är minst lika aktuellt idag. Vi har bjudit in forskargrupper som är intresserade av social hållbarhet, och tillsammans har vi skapat ett nytt temanummer där flera bidrag handlar om yttre och inre hållbarhet i relation till kriser.
44.	Lundtoft, Christian, et al. (författare) Complement C4 Copy Number Variation is Linked to SSA/Ro and SSB/La Autoantibodies in Systemic Inflammatory Autoimmune Diseases 2022 Ingår i: Arthritis & Rheumatology. - : Wiley. - 2326-5191 .- 2326-5205. ; 74:8, s. 1440-1450 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objective Copy number variation of the C4 complement components, C4A and C4B, has been associated with systemic inflammatory autoimmune diseases. This study was undertaken to investigate whether C4 copy number variation is connected to the autoimmune repertoire in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), primary Sjogrens syndrome (SS), or myositis. Methods Using targeted DNA sequencing, we determined the copy number and genetic variants of C4 in 2,290 well-characterized Scandinavian patients with SLE, primary SS, or myositis and 1,251 healthy controls. Results A prominent relationship was observed between C4A copy number and the presence of SSA/SSB autoantibodies, which was shared between the 3 diseases. The strongest association was detected in patients with autoantibodies against both SSA and SSB and 0 C4A copies when compared to healthy controls (odds ratio [OR] 18.0 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 10.2-33.3]), whereas a weaker association was seen in patients without SSA/SSB autoantibodies (OR 3.1 [95% CI 1.7-5.5]). The copy number of C4 correlated positively with C4 plasma levels. Further, a common loss-of-function variant in C4A leading to reduced plasma C4 was more prevalent in SLE patients with a low copy number of C4A. Functionally, we showed that absence of C4A reduced the individuals capacity to deposit C4b on immune complexes. Conclusion We show that a low C4A copy number is more strongly associated with the autoantibody repertoire than with the clinically defined disease entities. These findings may have implications for understanding the etiopathogenetic mechanisms of systemic inflammatory autoimmune diseases and for patient stratification when taking the genetic profile into account.
45.	Malmquist, Anna, 1981-, et al. (författare) How norms concerning maternity, femininity and cisgender increase stress among lesbians, bisexual women and transgender people with a fear of childbirth 2021 Ingår i: Midwifery. - London, United Kingdom : Churchill Livingstone. - 0266-6138 .- 1532-3099. ; 93 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract ObjectiveTo explore and describe norms concerning maternity, femininity and cisgender in lesbian and bisexual women and transgender people (LBT) assigned female at birth, with an expressed fear of childbirth (FOC).DesignSemi-structured interviews were conducted with self-identified LBT people with an expressed FOC.Participants17 self-identified LBT people participated. 15 had an expressed FOC, and two were non-afraid partners.FindingsParticipants described how their FOC was related to ideals of “the primal woman”, including ideals of a natural birth. They also described stress in relation to expectations of gaining a feminine-coded body during pregnancy and of being related to as feminine women.Key conclusionsMaternity ideals, and the ideal of the “natural” birth, can be particularly stressful on those who fear childbirth. Norms concerning femininity and cisgender can contribute to FOC among those who do not comfortably conform with feminine body ideals or feminine gender expressions.Implication for practiceTreatments of FOC must be designed to acknowledge whether and how norms concerning maternity, femininity and cisgender affect the individual's FOC.
46.	Malmquist, Anna, et al. (författare) Minority stress adds an additional layer to fear of childbirth in lesbian and bisexual women, and transgender people 2019 Ingår i: Midwifery. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0266-6138 .- 1532-3099. ; 79 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objective: To explore and describe thoughts about and experiences of pregnancy, childbirth and reproductive healthcare in lesbian and bisexual women and transgender people (LBT) with an expressed fear of childbirth (FOC). Design: Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with self-identified LBTs with an expressed FOC. Participants: 17 self-identified LBTs participated. 15 had an expressed FOC, and two were non-afraid partners. Findings: Participants fears were similar to those previously described in research on FOC, e.g., fear of pain, injury, blood, death of the child or of the parent. However, minority stress, including fear and experiences of prejudicial treatment, in maternity care and at delivery wards add an additional layer to the fear of childbirth. Key conclusions: LBTs with FOC are a particularly vulnerable group of patients, whose needs must be addressed in healthcare. Implication for practice: The findings call attention to the need for LBT-competent treatment prior to, and throughout pregnancy and childbirth. In the most vulnerable patients, caregivers must work extensively to build trust, in order to explore and reduce FOC. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
47.	Månsson, Nina, 1972-, et al. (författare) Utility of substance stock and flow studies : – the Stockholm example 2009 Ingår i: Journal of Industrial Ecology. - : Wiley. - 1088-1980 .- 1530-9290. ; 13:5, s. 674-686 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
48.	Möllby, Roland, et al. (författare) Escherichia coli : en patogen hygienindikator i livsmedel 1978 Ingår i: Svensk veterinärtidning. - 0346-2250. ; 30:7, s. 271-275 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
49.	Oddsson, Asmundur, et al. (författare) Deficit of homozygosity among 1.52 million individuals and genetic causes of recessive lethality 2023 Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Genotypes causing pregnancy loss and perinatal mortality are depleted among living individuals and are therefore difficult to find. To explore genetic causes of recessive lethality, we searched for sequence variants with deficit of homozygosity among 1.52 million individuals from six European populations. In this study, we identified 25 genes harboring protein-altering sequence variants with a strong deficit of homozygosity (10% or less of predicted homozygotes). Sequence variants in 12 of the genes cause Mendelian disease under a recessive mode of inheritance, two under a dominant mode, but variants in the remaining 11 have not been reported to cause disease. Sequence variants with a strong deficit of homozygosity are over-represented among genes essential for growth of human cell lines and genes orthologous to mouse genes known to affect viability. The function of these genes gives insight into the genetics of intrauterine lethality. We also identified 1077 genes with homozygous predicted loss-of-function genotypes not previously described, bringing the total set of genes completely knocked out in humans to 4785.
50.	Prokunina, Ludmila, et al. (författare) A regulatory polymorphism in PDCD1 is associated with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus in humans 2002 Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 32:4, s. 666-669 Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, OMIM 152700) is a complex autoimmune disease that affects 0.05% of the Western population, predominantly women. A number of susceptibility loci for SLE have been suggested in different populations, but the nature of the susceptibility genes and mutations is yet to be identified. We previously reported a susceptibility locus (SLEB2) for Nordic multi-case families. Within this locus, the programmed cell death 1 gene (PDCD1, also called PD-1) was considered the strongest candidate for association with the disease. Here, we analyzed 2,510 individuals, including members of five independent sets of families as well as unrelated individuals affected with SLE, for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that we identified in PDCD1. We show that one intronic SNP in PDCD1 is associated with development of SLE in Europeans (found in 12% of affected individuals versus 5% of controls; P = 0.00001, r.r. (relative risk) = 2.6) and Mexicans (found in 7% of affected individuals versus 2% of controls; P = 0.0009, r.r. = 3.5). The associated allele of this SNP alters a binding site for the runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1, also called AML1) located in an intronic enhancer, suggesting a mechanism through which it can contribute to the development of SLE in humans.

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