| 1. |
- Albiol, T., et al.
(författare)
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SARNET : Severe accident research network of excellence
- 2010
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Ingår i: PROG NUCL ENERGY. - : Elsevier BV. ; , s. 2-10
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fifty-one organisations network in SARNET (Severe Accident Research NETwork of Excellence) their research capacities in order to resolve the most important pending issues for enhancing, with regard to Severe Accidents (SA). the safety of existing and future Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs). This project. co-funded by the European Commission (EC) under the 6th Framework Programme, has been defined in order to optimise the use of the available means and to constitute sustainable research groups in the European Union. SARNET tackles the fragmentation that may exist between the different national R&D programmes, in defining common research programmes and developing common computer tools and methodologies for safety assessment. SARNET comprises most of the organisations involved in SA research in Europe, plus Canada. To reach these objectives, all the organisations networked in SARNET contributed to a joint Programme of Activities, which consisted of: Implementation of an advanced communication tool for accessing all project information, fostering exchange of information, and managing documents: Harmonization and re-orientation of the research programmes, and definition of new ones; Analysis of the experimental results provided by research programmes in order to elaborate a common understanding of relevant phenomena; Development of the ASTEC code (integral computer code used to predict the NPP behaviour during a postulated SA), which capitalizes in terms of physical models the knowledge produced within SARNET; Development of Scientific Databases in which all the results of research programmes are stored in a common format (DATANET); Development of a common methodology for Probabilistic Safety Assessment of NPPs; Development of short courses and writing a textbook on Severe Accidents for students and researchers; Promotion of personnel mobility amongst various European organisations. This paper presents the major achievements after four and a half years of operation of the network, in terms of knowledge gained, of improvement of the ASTEC reference code, of dissemination of results and of integration of the research programmes conducted by the various partners. After this first period (2004-2008), co-funded by the EC, a further contract SARNET2 with the EC for the next four years started in April 2009 as part of the 7th Framework Programme. During this period, the networking activities will focus mainly on the remaining pending issues as determined during the first period, experimental activities will be directly included in the common work and the network will evolve toward complete self-sustainability. The bases for such an evolution are presented in the last part of the paper.
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| 2. |
- Bechta, Sevostian, et al.
(författare)
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On the EU-Japan roadmap for experimental research on corium behavior
- 2019
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Ingår i: Annals of Nuclear Energy. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0306-4549 .- 1873-2100. ; 124, s. 541-547
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A joint research roadmap between Europe and Japan has been developed in severe accident field of light water reactors, focusing particularly on reactor core melt (corium) behavior. The development of this roadmap is one of the main targets of the ongoing EU project SAFEST. This paper presents information about ongoing severe accident studies in the area of corium behavior, rationales and comparison of research priorities identified in different projects and documents, expert ranking of safety issues, and finally the research areas and topics and their priorities suggested for the EU Japan roadmap and future bilateral collaborations. These results provide useful guidelines for (i) assessment of long-term goals and proposals for experimental support needed for proper understanding, interpretation and learning lessons of the Fukushima accident; (ii) analysis of severe accident phenomena; (iii) development of accident prevention and mitigation strategies, and corresponding technical measures; (iv) study of corium samples in European and Japanese laboratories; and (v) preparation of Fukushima site decommissioning.
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| 3. |
- Journeau, Christophe, et al.
(författare)
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A European joint work plan on molten core concrete interaction
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants 2009, ICAPP 2009. - : Atomic Energy Society of Japan. - 9781617386084 ; , s. 1058-1065
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the case of a severe accident with vessel melt-through, the Molten Core Concrete Interaction (MCCI) may take place and become a threat to the integrity of the containment, which is the ultimate barrier between the corium and the environment. During SARNET project (EURATOM 6th Framework programme) 41/2 years, experimental programs related to MCCI issues have been pursued on the VULCANO, HECLA, COMETA and ARTEMIS facilities and several benchmark exercises have been conducted, in particular on reactor scale applications. This issue has been considered within the SARNET project (2004-2008) to have a high priority. Within the new project SARNET2 (2009-2013), a significant experimental program on MCCI, coupled with joint interpretation, modelling and code applications, has been proposed in view of understanding these phenomena and towards closing the safety issue. This research program has been designed to ensure complementarity with the ongoing MCCI-2 project of the OECD-NEA. It will address the following issues: effect of the concrete nature on 2D ablation profiles, role of the metallic layer on the MCCI, and efficiency of water cooling to terminate the ablation of concrete. It will also have a specific focus on the transposition of R&D results to the reactor scale. More than 17 European organizations will contribute to these activities, which will include a significant experimental program both in simulant and in prototypic materials.
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| 4. |
- Journeau, Christophe, et al.
(författare)
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SAFEST ROADMAP FOR CORIUM EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH IN EUROPE
- 2016
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Ingår i: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 24TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR ENGINEERING, 2016, VOL 4. - : ASME Press. - 9780791850046
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- SAFEST (Severe Accident Facilities for European Safety Targets) is a European project networking the European corium experimental laboratories with the objective to establish coordination activities, enabling the development of a common vision and research roadmaps for the next years, and of the management structure to achieve these goals. In this frame, a European roadmap on corium experimental research has been written to define research challenges to contribute to further reinforcement of Gen II and III NPP safety. It is based on the research priorities deteimined by SARNET SARP group as well as those from the recently formulated in the NUGENIA Roadmap for severe accidents and the recently published NUGENIA Global Vision report. It also takes into account issues identified in the analysis of the European stress tests and from the interpretation of the Fukushima accident. 19 relevant issues related to corium have been selected during these prioritization efforts. These issues have been compared to a survey of the European corium experimental facilities and corium analysis laboratories. Finally, the coherence between European infrastructures and R&D needs has been assessed and a table linking issues and infrastructures has been derived. It shows a few lacks in EU corium infrastructures, especially in the domains of core late reflooding impact on source term, Reactor Pressure Vessel failure and corium release, Spent Fuel Pool accidents, as well as the need for a large mass (100500 kg) prototypic corium facility.
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| 5. |
- Journeau, Christophe, et al.
(författare)
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Transient interactions of boron carbide with molten uranium oxide
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nuclear Materials and Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-1791. ; 29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thermodynamic equilibrium calculations have shown that, at the elevated temperatures anticipated during se-vere accidents, uranium oxide-boron carbide interactions are likely to result in significant boron volatilization and the formation of uranium borides. This interaction is further investigated through transient experiments whereby boron carbide pellets are submerged in uranium dioxide melts held at elevated temperatures beneath inert atmospheres. X-ray diffraction and electron-microscopy analyses revealed the aerosols generated by the interaction to be rich in boron sesquioxide (B2O3) and uranium oxide. The solidified melt ingots recovered post-test exhibited highly heterogeneous chemistry with some samples richer in UO2 and others richer in U3O8. Thermodynamic equilibrium calculations indicate that this could be explained by heterogeneity in redox envi-ronment. The second, larger-scale, interaction, with an increased boron inventory, indicated uranium oxide -boron carbide reaction formed either uranium boride or uranium borocarbide.
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