SwePub
Sök i SwePub databas

  Utökad sökning

Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Kätterer Thomas) "

Sökning: WFRF:(Kätterer Thomas)

  • Resultat 1-50 av 197
Sortera/gruppera träfflistan
   
NumreringReferensOmslagsbildHitta
1.
  • Andersson, Erik, et al. (författare)
  • Ambio fit for the 2020s
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Ambio. - : Springer Nature. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 51:5, s. 1091-1093
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
  •  
2.
  • Aronsson, Helena, et al. (författare)
  • Mellangrödor i växtföljden - för kolinlagring och effektivt kväveutnyttjande
  • 2023
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Rapporten beskriver mellangrödors funktion för kolinlagring i jordbruksmark i relation till andra funktioner och miljörisker. Den består av en kunskapsgenomgång, en inventering av data från fältförsök samt en sammanfattning av odlares erfarenheter vid en workshop. Vår definition av mellangröda är: En gröda som har sin huvudsakliga tillväxt mellan två huvudgrödor, och där syftet med att odla mellangrödan kan variera.Mellangrödan ger kolinlagring, särskilt rötternaKolinlagringen av en mellangröda har uppskattats till ca 320 kg kol i medeltal per ha och år, men variationen är stor. Vi sammanställde resultat från fältförsök med mellangrödor under 30 år. För insådda gräsfånggrödor skiljer sig biomassaproduktionen i medeltal inte så mycket åt mellan olika regioner, medan variationen är större för eftersådda mellangrödor. Det saknas kunskap för att kunna ge konkreta råd om hur artval och jordbearbetningsstrategier m.m. för mellangröda kan användas för att optimera stabiliseringsprocesserna för kol i marken. Mellangrödans rötter bidrar med ca 2,5 gånger större inlagring än den ovanjordiska grönmassan. Mätningar vi funnit visar en stor variation i viktförhållandet mellan skott och rot, som beror på arters variation, men också på osäkerheter i provtagning och metoder.Utmaningar för odlarnaBåde försök och odlares erfarenheter vittnar om utmaningar med sådd av mellangrödor efter skörd, särskilt på jordar med hög lerhalt. Det handlar om att hinna så direkt efter huvudgrödans skörd för att lyckas med etableringen och för att utnyttja hösten för tillväxt. Att ge sådd av mellangrödan lika hög prioritet som en huvudgröda var ett råd som erfarna odlare poängterade vid en workshop. Det finns olika tankesätt och strategier kring val av arter, beroende på syftet med mellangrödan. Genom artblandningar kan man också kombinera funktioner. Det finns inga tydliga råd för arter som särskilt främjar kolinlagring utan det viktigaste är stor tillväxt, hög kol-kväve-kvot (C/N-kvot), stor rotbiomassa samt baljväxtinslag. Hushållning med kvävet En nordisk sammanställning visade att mellangrödor i medeltal minskade kväveläckaget med drygt 40 %. Tidpunkt för nedbrukning eller kemisk avdödning är metoder för att styra återmineraliseringen och kväveverkan i nästa gröda. För frostkänsliga mellangrödor med låg C/N-kvot finns en risk att kvävet frigörs så snabbt att det hinner utlakas innan våren. Under sådana förhållanden ökar också risken för lustgasemissioner. Mer kunskap behövs om hur kväveomsättning påverkas och hur lustgasemissioner kan minimeras, för att kunna anpassa mellangrödesystemen efter olika odlingskrav och klimatets förändring.
  •  
3.
  • Getahun, Gizachew Tarekegn, et al. (författare)
  • Short-term effects of loosening and incorporation of straw slurry into the upper subsoil on soil physical properties and crop yield
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Soil and Tillage Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-1987 .- 1879-3444. ; 184, s. 62-67
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Subsoils that are compacted, nutrient-poor or low in soil organic matter (SOM) often limit crop growth and yield. Improvement of subsoil conditions by deep loosening is laborious and expensive and its positive effect may not last. This study investigated the effect of deep loosening and injection of slurry made from cereal straw (30 Mg dry mass ha(-1)) at 25-34 cm depth on soil properties and crop performance in a Swedish field experiment that started in autumn 2015 and monitored soil and crop properties during 2016. Loosening + straw incorporation into subsoil resulted in significantly higher soil organic carbon (SOC) content, potential plant-available water and porosity and lower bulk density (BD) in spring 2016 compared with the control. In autumn 2016, penetrometer resistance (PR) and BD were both significantly lower and SOC and porosity were significantly higher in the loosening + straw treatment compared with the control and loosening only (29-34 cm). Furthermore, BD was significantly lower in the loosening + straw treated subsoil than in the top soil layer of the control (0-10 cm). Observations indicated that more continuous pores were found in the loosening + straw treatment than in other treatments. Roots and soil faunas were found more frequently where straw was incorporated. Grain yield increased by 5.6% due to loosening + straw addition (P = 0.03) and by 4% due to loosening only (P = 0.06). These results indicate that loosening + straw input into upper subsoil had a positive short-term influence on soil physical properties, potential plant-available water and grain yield. Straw addition prolonged the positive effect of loosening.
  •  
4.
  •  
5.
  •  
6.
  •  
7.
  • Meurer, Katharina, et al. (författare)
  • Modelling dynamic interactions between soil structure and the storage and turnover of soil organic matter
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Biogeosciences. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1726-4170 .- 1726-4189. ; 17, s. 5025-5042
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Models of soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and turnover can be useful tools to analyse the effects of soil and crop management practices and climate change on soil organic carbon stocks. The aggregated structure of soil is known to protect SOC from decomposition and, thus, influence the potential for long-term sequestration. In turn, the turnover and storage of SOC affects soil aggregation, physical and hydraulic properties and the productive capacity of soil. These two-way interactions have not yet been explicitly considered in modelling approaches. In this study, we present and describe a new model of the dynamic feedbacks between soil organic matter (SOM) storage and soil physical properties (porosity, pore size distribution, bulk density and layer thickness). A sensitivity analysis was first performed to understand the behaviour of the model. The identifiability of model parameters was then investigated by calibrating the model against a synthetic data set. This analysis revealed that it would not be possible to unequivocally estimate all of the model parameters from the kind of data usually available in field trials. Based on this information, the model was tested against measurements of bulk density, SOC concentration and limited data on soil water retention and soil surface elevation made during 63 years in a field trial located near Uppsala (Sweden) in three treatments with different organic matter (OM) inputs (bare fallow, animal and green manure). The model was able to accurately reproduce the changes in SOC, soil bulk density and surface elevation observed in the field as well as soil water retention curves measured at the end of the experimental period in 2019 in two of the treatments. Treatment-specific variations in SOC dynamics caused by differences in OM input quality could be simulated very well by modifying the value for the OM retention coefficient epsilon (0.37 for animal manure and 0.14 for green manure). The model approach presented here may prove useful for management purposes, for example, in an analysis of carbon sequestration or soil degradation under land use and climate change.
  •  
8.
  •  
9.
  • Prade, Thomas, et al. (författare)
  • Including a one-year grass ley increases soil organic carbon and decreases greenhouse gas emissions from cereal-dominated rotations – A Swedish farm case study
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Biosystems Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 1537-5110 .- 1537-5129. ; 164, s. 200-212
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Increased soil organic carbon (SOC) content has been shown to increase soil fertility and carbon sequestration, but SOC changes are frequently neglected in life cycle assessment (LCA) studies of crop production. This study used a novel LCA application using simulated SOC changes to examine the greenhouse gas (GHG) impact of a combined food and energy crop production from a crop rotation perspective. On a case pig farm, introduction of one year of grass ley into a cereal-dominated crop rotation was simulated. The grass and pig manure were used for biogas production and the digestion residues were used as fertiliser on the farm. This crop rotation shift increased the SOC stocks by an estimated 27 and 49% after 50 years and at steady state, respectively. The estimated corresponding net wheat yield increase due to higher SOC was 8–16% and 16–32%, respectively, indicating that initial loss of low-yield oat production can be partly counterbalanced. Net SOC increase (corresponding to 2 t CO2-eq ha−1 a−1) was the single most important variable affecting the GHG balance. When biogas replaced fossil fuels, GHG emissions of the combined energy-food crop rotation were approx. 3 t CO2-eq ha−1 a−1 lower than for the current food crop rotation. Sensitivity analyses led to variation of only 2–9% in the GHG balance. This study indicates that integrated food and energy crop production can improve SOC content and decrease GHG emissions from cropping systems. It also demonstrates the importance of including SOC changes in crop production-related LCA studies.
  •  
10.
  •  
11.
  •  
12.
  • Andrén, Olof, et al. (författare)
  • Agroecosystem research in Uppsala, Sweden and Naiman, China: Some observations 1987–2014
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions. - 1674-3822. ; 8, s. 1-8
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The recent economic progress in China has stimulated scientific research in sandy lands in Inner Mongolia, where the Institute of Desert Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (now CAREERI) has a leading position. Economic progress naturally creates financial resources for research, and also a dire need for solutions to emerging environmental problems following development, where wind-blown dust from Inner Mongolia adds to the severe particle air pollution in many Chinese cities. This paper presents selected results and observations made during Chinese-Swedish cooperation projects spanning 25 years. Results and experiences from sandy land research concerning climate, vegetation, root dynamics, soil carbon balances, etc. are briefly presented. The evolution of the Naiman Desertification Research Station, 520 km northeast of Beijing, from 1988 to 2013 is duly noted and commented. An overview of the ICBM soil carbon model concept follows and a few recommendations for future scientific advancement in Chinese arid lands are given.
  •  
13.
  • Andrén, Olof, et al. (författare)
  • Carbon balances in US croplands during the last two decades of the twentieth century
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Biogeochemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0168-2563 .- 1573-515X. ; 107, s. 207-225
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Carbon (C) added to soil as organic matter in crop residues and carbon emitted to the atmosphere as CO(2) in soil respiration are key determinants of the C balance in cropland ecosystems. We used complete and comprehensive county-level yields and area data to estimate and analyze the spatial and temporal variability of regional and national scale residue C inputs, net primary productivity (NPP), and C stocks in US croplands from 1982 to 1997. Annual residue C inputs were highest in the North Central and Central and Northern Plains regions that comprise similar to 70% of US cropland. Average residue C inputs ranged from 1.8 (Delta States) to 3.0 (North Central region) Mg C ha(-1) year(-1), and average NPP ranged from 3.1 (Delta States) to 5.4 (Far West region) Mg C ha(-1) year(-1). Residue C inputs tended to be inversely proportional to the mean growing season temperature. A quadratic relationship incorporating the growing season mean temperature and total precipitation closely predicted the variation in residue C inputs in the North Central region and Central and Northern Plains. We analyzed the soil C balance using the crop residue database and the Introductory Carbon Balance regional Model (ICBMr). Soil C stocks (0-20 cm) on permanent cropland ranged between 3.07 and 3.1 Pg during the study period, with an average increase of similar to 4 Tg C year(-1), during the 1990s. Interannual variability in soil C stocks ranged from 0 to 20 Tg C (across a mean C stock of 3.08 +/- A 0.01 Pg) during the study period; interannual variability in residue C inputs varied between 1 and 43 Tg C (across a mean input of 220 +/- A 19 Tg). Such interannual variation has implications for national estimates of CO(2) emissions from cropland soils needed for implementation of greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation strategies involving agriculture.
  •  
14.
  • Andrén, Olof, et al. (författare)
  • How can soil monitoring networks be used to improve predictions of organic carbon pool dynamics and CO2 fluxes in agricultural soils?
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Plant and Soil. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0032-079X .- 1573-5036. ; 338, s. 247-259
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • As regional and continental carbon balances of terrestrial ecosystems become available, it becomes clear that the soils are the largest source of uncertainty. Repeated inventories of soil organic carbon (SOC) organized in soil monitoring networks (SMN) are being implemented in a number of countries. This paper reviews the concepts and design of SMNs in ten countries, and discusses the contribution of such networks to reducing the uncertainty of soil carbon balances. Some SMNs are designed to estimate country-specific land use or management effects on SOC stocks, while others collect soil carbon and ancillary data to provide a nationally consistent assessment of soil carbon condition across the major land-use/soil type combinations. The former use a single sampling campaign of paired sites, while for the latter both systematic (usually grid based) and stratified repeated sampling campaigns (5-10 years interval) are used with densities of one site per 10-1,040 kmA(2). For paired sites, multiple samples at each site are taken in order to allow statistical analysis, while for the single sites, composite samples are taken. In both cases, fixed depth increments together with samples for bulk density and stone content are recommended. Samples should be archived to allow for re-measurement purposes using updated techniques. Information on land management, and where possible, land use history should be systematically recorded for each site. A case study of the agricultural frontier in Brazil is presented in which land use effect factors are calculated in order to quantify the CO2 fluxes from national land use/management conversion matrices. Process-based SOC models can be run for the individual points of the SMN, provided detailed land management records are available. These studies are still rare, as most SMNs have been implemented recently or are in progress. Examples from the USA and Belgium show that uncertainties in SOC change range from 1.6-6.5 Mg C ha(-1) for the prediction of SOC stock changes on individual sites to 11.72 Mg C ha(-1) or 34% of the median SOC change for soil/land use/climate units. For national SOC monitoring, stratified sampling sites appears to be the most straightforward attribution of SOC values to units with similar soil/land use/climate conditions (i.e. a spatially implicit upscaling approach).
  •  
15.
  • Berglund, Örjan, et al. (författare)
  • Emissions of CO2, N2O and CH4 From Cultivated and Set Aside Drained Peatland in Central Sweden
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Frontiers in Environmental Science. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-665X. ; 9
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Northern peatlands are important carbon (C) reservoirs, storing about one-third of the global terrestrial soil C pool. Anthropogenic influences, such as drainage for agriculture and forestry, lower the originally high groundwater level, leading to peat aeration and decomposition. This is particularly reflected in significant losses of CO2, while fluxes of N2O and CH4 are generally considered of minor importance for the overall greenhouse gas (GHG) balance of cultivated peatlands in Scandinavia. Setting land aside from agricultural production has been proposed as a strategy to reduce GHG emissions from drained peatland, restore natural habitats, and increase C sequestration. However, the evidence for this is rather scarce unless drainage is terminated. In this study, we measured respiration using dark automatic chambers, and CO2, N2O, and CH4 fluxes using manual static chambers, on: 1) cultivated peatland and 2) adjacent set-aside peatland in Central Sweden. The set-aside site was found to be a greater source of respiration than the cultivated site, while higher N2O fluxes and lower CH4 uptake rates were observed for the cultivated site. However, to compare the full GHG balance and assess the abandonment of drained cultivated peatland, additional measures, such as gross primary production (GPP) but also dissolved organic C losses would have to be taken into account.
  •  
16.
  • Björck, Lennart, et al. (författare)
  • Tveksam vinst med ekolantbruk
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Svenska dagbladet. - 1101-2412. ; -
  • Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
  •  
17.
  • Bolinder, Martin, et al. (författare)
  • Canadian farm-level soil carbon change assessment by merging the greenhouse gas model Holos with the Introductory Carbon Balance Model (ICBM)
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Agricultural Systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0308-521X .- 1873-2267. ; 143, s. 76-85
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The farm-level model Holos, developed to explore mitigation options for greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) from Canadian farming systems, includes soil carbon change as a prominent component. Soil carbon was assumed to be constant, except where there was recent change in land use or management (e.g., conventional vs. reduced vs. no tillage). The factors associated with the changes were derived using CENTURY model simulations. To make Holos more responsive to farm management (e.g., crop rotation and residue management) and inter-annual climate variation, it was decided to replace the carbon change factors with the Introductory Carbon Balance Model (ICBM), a simple two carbon pool model driven by inputs from above- and belowground crop residues and manure. We showcase how the model will simulate the impact of crop rotation management decisions on soil carbon change, focussing on the choice of crop and crop residue retention, but considering also tillage and fertilization management. We argue that simulating carbon change at each field involved in the rotation is advantageous because it allowsto test the rotation resilience with respect to inter-annual climate variation as well as to validate the model outputs using measurements of scientific long-term field experiments. We propose to report the farm-level carbon change results ranging from annual to centennial time frames which would be in line with the reporting requirements in carbon credit programs, while giving the user the capability to project and test new crop rotation systems using long-term carbon change forecasts. Crown Copyright (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
  •  
18.
  • Bolinder, Martin, et al. (författare)
  • Compositional analysis for an unbiased measure of soil aggregation
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Geoderma. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-7061 .- 1872-6259. ; 179-180, s. 123-131
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Soil aggregation is an index of soil structure measured by mean weight diameter (MWD) or scaling factors often interpreted as fragmentation fractal dimensions (D-f). However, the MWD provides a biased estimate of soil aggregation due to spurious correlations among aggregate-size fractions and scale-dependency. The scale-invariant D-f is based on weak assumptions to allow particle counts and sensitive to the selection of the fractal domain, and may frequently exceed a value of 3, implying that D-f is a biased estimate of aggregation. Aggregation indices based on mass may be computed without bias using compositional analysis techniques. Our objective was to elaborate compositional indices of soil aggregation and to compare them to MWD and D-f using a published dataset describing the effect of 7 cropping systems on aggregation. Six aggregate-size fractions were arranged into a sequence of D-1 balances of building blocks that portray the process of soil aggregation. Isometric log-ratios (ilrs) are scale-invariant and orthogonal log contrasts or balances that possess the Euclidean geometry necessary to compute a distance between any two aggregation states, known as the Aitchison distance (A(x,y)). Close correlations (r>0.98) were observed between MWD, D-f, and the ilr when contrasting large and small aggregate sizes. Several unbiased embedded ilrs can characterize the heterogeneous nature of soil aggregates and be related to soil properties or functions. Soil bulk density and penetrater resistance were closely related to A(x,y) with reference to bare fallow. The A(x,y) is easy to implement as unbiased index of soil aggregation using standard sieving methods and may allow comparisons between studies. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
  •  
19.
  • Bolinder, Martin, et al. (författare)
  • Effects of climatic data low-pass filtering on the ICBM temperature- and moisture-based soil biological activity factors in a cool and humid climate
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Ecological Modelling. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-3800 .- 1872-7026. ; 222, s. 3050-3060
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The air temperature (T-air), total precipitation (TP) and potential evapotranspiration (PET) are standard input data for soil carbon dynamic models, i.e., for calculating temperature and moisture effects on soil biological activity. The resolution needed depends on objectives, the complexity of models and inbuilt pedotransfer functions. The Introductory Carbon Balance Model (ICBM) soil climate front end model calculates a multiplicative soil-temperature (r(e_temp)) and -moisture (r(e_wat)) factor with a daily time-step to estimate soil biological activity, i.e., r(e_crop) = r(e_temp) x r(e_wat). Our objective was to determine how much re_temp. r(e_wat) and r(e_crop) are affected by low-pass filtering of the climatic input data for a cool, humid temperate region. To achieve this we conducted spectral analysis on T-air, TP, PET and r(e_crop) in the frequency domain. Thereafter we applied Fourier low-pass filters of 5, 15, 30, 60 and 180 days on T-air, TP, PET and tracked their effects through the soil climate model's state variables and outputs. This was done using a sandy and a heavy clay soil and an 89-year daily time-series from a meteorological station in Quebec (Canada). The Fourier spectra showed that the variance for T-air, PET and r(e_temp) was dominated by an annual cycle, as could be expected. There was no yearly cycle for TP. The variation in r(e_temp) explained most of the variance in r(e_crop). The soil climate module outputs were not sensitive to low-pass filtering of PET. A daily time-step was needed to avoid overestimating r(e_crop) for the sandy soil. Using a weekly time-step for TP and T-air allowed us to explain about 80% of the variance in r(e_crop) for the heavy clay soil. This study also indicates that the standard leaf (and green) area index functions for calculating transpiration should receive more attention, since they have significant effects on the state and output variables. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
  •  
20.
  • Bolinder, Martin, et al. (författare)
  • Estimating carbon inputs to soil in forage-based crop rotations and modeling the effects on soil carbon dynamics in a Swedish long-term field experiment
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Soil Science. - 0008-4271. ; 92, s. 821-833
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Bolinder, M. A., Katerer, T., Andren, O. and Parent, L. E. 2012. Estimating carbon inputs to soil in forage-based crop rotations and modeling the effects on soil carbon dynamics in a Swedish long-term field experiment. Can. J. Soil Sci. 92: 821-833. There is a need to improve the understanding of soil organic C (SOC) dynamics for forage-based rotations. A key requisite is accurate estimates of the below-ground (BG) C inputs to soil. We used the Introductory Carbon Balance Model (ICBM) to investigate the effects of C input assumptions on C balances with data from a 52-yr field experiment in northern Sweden. The main objective was to validate an approach for estimating annual crop residue C inputs to soil using the data from a continuous forage-based rotation (A). A rotation with only annual crops and more frequent tillage events (D) was used to obtain a rough estimate of the effect of tillage on SOC dynamics. The methodology used to estimate annual crop residue C inputs to soil gave a good fit to data from four out of the six large plots for rotation A. The approximate effects of more frequent tillage in rotation D increased SOC decomposition rate by about 20%. These results allow us to have more confidence in predicting SOC balances for forage-based crop rotations. Root biomass measurements used for calculating BG C inputs were also reviewed, and we show that they have not changed significantly during the past 150 yr.
  •  
21.
  • Bolinder, Martin, et al. (författare)
  • Evaluate carbon stock changes based on the Swedish soil-monitoring program
  • 2022
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • In the national greenhouse gas inventory, SLU is applying a Tier III method using the Introductory Carbon Balance Model (ICBM) in a holistic framework for calculating changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in arable land for mineral soils, which Sweden is reporting under the Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) sector. This method is delivering SOC stock change rates for eight Swedish agricultural production regions (PO8s), which are aggregated to the national level. The effect of the climate on SOC decomposition in ICBM is accounted for using gridded daily weather records from the Swedish Meteorological Institute (SMHI). The model framework is taking agricultural activity data from yearly census records regarding the use of arable land (area and yield of different crops including fallow) and management systems (straw removal and manure applications). In addition, it applies different empirical functions for estimating annual carbon inputs from roots and for estimating dry soil bulk density for expressing carbon concentrations on a mass basis, based on literature reviews and analyses of large Swedish soil databases. For the ICBM model simulations, initial stocks of SOC are derived from data on soil texture and SOC concentrations from the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA) national soil-monitoring program (SMP). The national SMP consists of three soil inventories that periodically characterizes the topsoil properties in 10-year cycles across Sweden. The first inventory, conducted between 1988 and 1995 is providing data for the 1990 baseline, while the latest complete inventory ended 2017. The sampling points in the inventories have coordinates, and data can be associated with each of the Swedish PO8s. We have now been calibrating a new version of the ICBM model by integrating the most recent knowledge gained from long-term field experiments. The objectives of this development project were to evaluate SOC changes from the national SMP by using exact coordinates and new statistical tests and compare these changes to predictions with the new version of ICBM. The general trends in SOC changes calculated from the national SMP remain similar to previous analyses, showing consistent SOC increments over time. The absolute increments at the national level are relatively small, SOC concentrations increased by 0.11, 0.07 and 0.21 percentage units from inventory I to inventory II, from inventory II to inventory III, and from inventory I to inventory III, respectively. This is representing a relative increase of 9.3% between inventory III and I. Applying exact coordinates were allowing us to add a few points in each PO8s that were not present in our previous analysis of the three soil inventories. Using other statistical tests improved the inference between inventories at the PO8 level, where the Wilcoxon signed rank test (a non-parametric method) applied to the matched points when comparing inventory III against II now showed significant differences. The predictions with ICBM are mimicking the relative increase in SOC at the national level but the relative increase is much less pronounced (i.e. 1.5%). Compared to results obtained with the national SMP, ICBM predictions are not always matching the same trends in SOC changes for all of the PO8s. There remain several uncertainties relating to both methods that needs further considerations. For example, data from the Swedish SMP may be associated with inconsistences relating to the use of different analytical methods for measuring SOC concentrations, or to possible under-estimations of SOC concentrations in inventory I due to differences in sampling strategies. While uncertainties relating to ICBM predictions are including e.g. estimation of the amount of annual carbon inputs from roots and manures. A fourth inventory has been initiated and will provide precious information about trends in SOC changes at the national scale, which will be useful for developing both methods. 
  •  
22.
  • Bolinder, Martin, et al. (författare)
  • Fånggrödor och rötrester i ICBM
  • 2016
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Målsättningen med detta utvecklingsprojekt var att göra en förstudie om tillgänglig statistik för fånggrödor och rötrester. Data med tidsserier för fånggrödor som används i andra modelleringsprojekt på SLU kan anpassas relativt enkelt för att inkluderas i kolbalansmodellen ICBM på länsnivå. För rötrester finns det också potentiella källor med tidsserier, men de skulle kräva lite mer förbehandling innan de kan användas. Båda dataserierna sträcker sig så pass långt bak i tiden att de representerar ganska bra den tidpunkten från och med att dessa två faktorer blir relevanta att ha med i markkolsmodelleringen. Modellparametrar (utöver areal fånggrödor och mängd rötrester), som man skulle behöva justera rör framför allt allometriska funktioner för fånggrödor och humifieringskoefficienten för biogödsel.
  •  
23.
  • Bolinder, Martin, et al. (författare)
  • Implementing a new version of ICBM in NIR
  • 2019
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • In the sector Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF, CRF sector 4) within the national greenhouse gas inventory (NIR), Sweden is applying a Tier 3 method for estimating the loss or gain of soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks for cropland on mineral soils to a depth of 0.25 m. The Introductory Carbon Balance Model (ICBM) is used for calculating stock change rates in eight agricultural production regions and results are aggregated to the national level. Calculations involves yearly agricultural census data and daily weather records, as well as results from a national soil-monitoring program (SMP) on soil carbon contents. Initially, only data from the first sampling of the national SMP were used for initializing ICBM. Since the first soil inventory, two additional samplings within the SMP have become available. Simultaneously, we have also gained more knowledge about SOC dynamics. In a development project last year, we were re-analyzing the complete records of data from the last two decades of the SMP confirming that SOC stocks are increasing, and we were starting to calibrate a new version of ICBM. The purpose of the project this year was to implement the new ICBM version in the NIR system.The results show that the new version of ICBM simulates increasing SOC stocks for the period 1990 to 2018, which is thereby more consistent with estimates from the national SMP data than results obtained using the previous ICBM version. The ICBM and SMP assessment methods of SOC stock changes are complementing each other, and both have their inherent limitations. Our analysis with both methodologies are still not fully completed. There remain some fine-tuning in the new ICBM version. Furthermore, we are continuously working on improving the interpretation regarding SOC stocks in the current database from the national SMP. Maintaining the latter and repeating the sampling at least once more would also substantially improve the value of this database.
  •  
24.
  • Bolinder, Martin, et al. (författare)
  • Long-term soil organic carbon and nitrogen dynamics in forage-based crop rotations in Northern Sweden (63-64 degrees N)
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-8809 .- 1873-2305. ; 138, s. 335-342
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • For carbon sequestration estimates it is necessary to evaluate effects of management practices on soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (SON) dynamics in a wide range of production systems and climatic zones. At higher latitudes with cold temperate climate, crop rotations dominated by forage are common and often highly productive-and the climate as well as the forage cropping systems favour large stocks of SOC and SON. The objective of this study was to estimate SOC and SON stock dynamics in the arable layer (0-25 cm) for different 6-year forage-based rotations using sampling data from three long-term field experiments in Northern Sweden. At the site with the lowest initial amount of SOC (8.2 kg C m(-2)), SOC stocks increased by 12 g C m(-2) yr(-1) over a 50-year period for the continuous forage rotation ('A'), which received ca. 10 Mg ha(-1) of cattle manure per year (wet mass). At the same site, SOC stocks were more or less at steady state in rotation 'B' with 4 years of forage and 2 years of annuals, receiving the same amount of manure. For rotation 'C' with 3 years of forage and receiving ca. 6.5 Mg ha(-1) of manure, the SOC stocks decreased by 18 g C m(-2) yr(-1,) while the SOC stocks for rotation 'D' with only annuals and no manure application decreased by 24 g C m(-2) yr(-1). At the other two sites, with higher initial SOC stocks (12.1 and 12.8 kg C m(-2)), the SOC stocks in all treatments decreased during a 30-year period, at a rate ranging from 11 to 95 g C m(-2) yr(-1). Similar trends were found for the change in SON stocks, although they were more variable. The topsoil SOC stocks were high compared to southern Sweden and regions of similar climate in northeast Canada, in particular for rotation A. These results indicate that the estimates of SOC and SON storage rate changes for a particular management system van vary widely within a small region of a given climatic zone. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
  •  
25.
  • Bolinder, Martin, et al. (författare)
  • Net primary productivity and below-ground crop residue inputs for root crops: Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Soil Science. - 0008-4271. ; 95, s. 87-93
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Root crops are significant in agro-ecosystems of temperate climates. However, the amounts of crop residues for these crop types are not well documented and they need to be accounted for in the modeling of soil organic carbon dynamics. Our objective was to review field measurements of root biomass left in the soil as crop residues at harvest for potato and sugar beet. We considered estimates for crop residue inputs as root biomass presented in the literature and some unpublished results. Our analysis showed that compared to, for example, cereals, the contribution of below-ground net primary productivity (NPP) to crop residues is at least two to three times lower for root crops. Indeed, the field measurements indicated that root biomass for topsoils only represents on average 25 to 30 g dry matter (DM) m(-2) yr(-1). Other estimates, albeit variable and region-specific, tended to be higher. We suggest relative plant DM allocation coefficients for agronomic yield (R-P), above-ground biomass (R-S) and root biomass (R-R) components, expressed as a proportion of total NPP. These coefficients, representative for temperate climates (0.739:0.236:0.025 for potato and 0.626:0.357:0.017 for sugar beet), should be useful in the modeling of agro-ecosystems that include root crops.
  •  
26.
  • Bolinder, Martin, et al. (författare)
  • New calibration of the ICBM model & analysis of soil organic carbon concentration from Swedish soil monitoring programs
  • 2018
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • We are using the Introductory Carbon Balance Model (ICBM) within the national inventory reporting (NIR) system for estimating changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in Swedish arable land for mineral soils. The first version of ICBM was developing from a long-term experiment (LTE) in Ultuna Sweden, with a time-series of data from 1956 to 1991. The model is initialized using data from a soil database and information from Swedish soil monitoring programs (SMPs). For that purpose, it specifically uses data from the first inventory of the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA) SMP conducted in the early 1990s. Since the 1990s, the SEPA SMP has conducted two further inventories in a 10-year cycles, with the last inventory completed in 2017. In complement to this SEPA SMP, the Swedish Board of Agriculture (SJV) was completing a spatially more detailed SMP in 2011 and 2012. In an earlier study, when the third inventory of SEPA was still not fully completed, we showed that SOC concentrations are increasing in Swedish arable mineral soils during the past two decades. Simulations with the current version of ICBM are not reproducing this long-term increasing trend.The main purposes of this project were to (i) calibrate a second version of ICBM by incorporating new knowledge gained from LTEs, (ii) evaluate the trends in SOC concentrations with the complete inventories (I, II and III) of SEPA, (iii) compare results from SEPAs last inventory (III) with that of SJV SMP conducted at approximately the same time period. A Bayesian approach was selected for calibrating the second version of ICBM, using an updated time series of data from Ultuna ending in 2017, and by also including experimental data (1996-2017) from a new sister experiment at Lanna in southern Sweden. For adequately comparing the SEPA and SJV SMPs, we were correcting data from the SJV samples so that we could express all results for SOC concentrations on a basis equivalent to dry combustion. Our analysis on the complete SEPA inventories are generally confirming our previous assessment. However, a more detailed exploration using data only from inventories II and III having identical sampling coordinates, clearly indicates that the increases in SOC concentrations were less in the last decade than in the previous one. Furthermore, when comparing SOC concentrations at different spatial scales, the positive trend in SOC concentrations is much more obvious on the scale of Swedish agricultural production regions (eight regions). Indeed, at the scale of the twenty-one Swedish counties, there are few significant differences and the increasing trend is unclear for many of the counties. This is reflecting difficulties related to the density of sampling points in the SEPA SMP; each of them roughly represents 1500 ha of arable land. Besides, only two decades or even only one decade since SEPA was regarding inventory II as a restart of their SMP, remain a short time period in detecting changes in SOC and highlight the importance of maintaining continuous SMPs.We found the comparisons between the SJV and SEPA SMPs useful but further work is necessary to refine the linkage. The overall changes in parameter values related to SOC dynamics for the calibrated second version of ICBM, will give simulations towards higher SOC stocks, compared to the current version. The main parameter explaining this differences is the increased contribution of below ground (i.e., roots) annual C inputs to soil contributing to the formation of more stable SOC. The approach we used here also offers the advantage of making a multi-site calibration and we could in the future, further refine parameter values by including other Swedish LTEs. Additionally, it allows us to include an estimate for uncertainty in the predictions of SOC stocks, which we could also develop for inclusion in the NIR system.
  •  
27.
  • Bolinder, Martin, et al. (författare)
  • Spatial and temporal variability of soil biological activity in the Province of Quebec, Canada (45-58 degrees N, 1960-2009) - calculations based on climate records
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Climatic Change. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0165-0009 .- 1573-1480. ; 117, s. 739-755
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Climate records of air temperature (AT) and total precipitation (TP) are standard inputs for soil carbon dynamic models, i.e., for calculating temperature and moisture effects on soil biological activity. In this study our objective was to determine both spatial and temporal differences in soil biological activity in the Province of Qu,bec, Canada. Soil biological activity was here calculated on a daily basis with the ICBM re_clim parameter using data from weather stations. When keeping soil and crop properties constant, re_clim (unitless) allows us to assess relative differences in soil biological activity. The magnitude of the temporal changes in re_clim, AT and TP were analyzed using Sen's slope, which is a nonparametric method used to determine the presence of a trend component. The re_clim varied across Qu,bec from 0.50 (58 A degrees N) to a high of 1.66 (45 A degrees N). Considering only the area with significant agricultural production, re_clim varied from 0.99 at Gasp, (48 A degrees N) to 1.66 at Philipsburg (45 A degrees N), i.e., soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition rate is 68 % higher at the latter site (1.66/0.99) and correspondingly more C input is needed to maintain SOC. Soil biological activity increased from 1960 to 2009, with a mean slope variation in re_clim of about +10 %. The temporal variation in AT had more influence than that of TP. For 1980-2009 the mean annual slope of re_clim was significantly different from zero for 29 out of 49 climate records (mean = +14 %; N = 29). We also emphasize that analysis of seasonal changes in AT is an issue that needs further attention, as well as modeling climate-induced changes in SOC dynamics based on future climate scenarios.
  •  
28.
  • Bolinder, Martin, et al. (författare)
  • The effect of crop residues, cover crops, manures and nitrogen fertilization on soil organic carbon changes in agroecosystems: a synthesis of reviews
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1381-2386 .- 1573-1596. ; 25, s. 929-952
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • International initiatives are emphasizing the capture of atmospheric CO(2)in soil organic C (SOC) to reduce the climatic footprint from agroecosystems. One approach to quantify the contribution of management practices towards that goal is through analysis of long-term experiments (LTEs). Our objectives were to analyze knowledge gained in literature reviews on SOC changes in LTEs, to evaluate the results regarding interactions with pedo-climatological factors, and to discuss disparities among reviews in data selection criteria. We summarized mean response ratios (RRs) and stock change rate (SCR) effect size indices from twenty reviews using paired comparisons (N). The highest RRs were found with manure applications (30%,N = 418), followed by aboveground crop residue retention and the use of cover crops (9-10%,N = 995 and 129), while the effect of nitrogen fertilization was lowest (6%,N = 846). SCR for nitrogen fertilization exceeded that for aboveground crop residue retention (233 versus 117 kg C ha(-1) year(-1),N = 183 and 279) and was highest for manure applications and cover crops (409 and 331 kg C ha(-1) year(-1),N = 217 and 176). When data allows, we recommend calculating both RR and SCR because it improves the interpretation. Our synthesis shows that results are not always consistent among reviews and that interaction with texture and climate remain inconclusive. Selection criteria for study durations are highly variable, resulting in irregular conclusions for the effect of time on changes in SOC. We also discuss the relationships of SOC changes with yield and cropping systems, as well as conceptual problems when scaling-up results obtained from field studies to regional levels.
  •  
29.
  • Börjesson, Gunnar, et al. (författare)
  • Four Swedish long-term field experiments with sewage sludge reveal a limited effect on soil microbes and on metal uptake by crops
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Journal of Soils and Sediments. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1439-0108 .- 1614-7480. ; 14, s. 164–177-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Purpose This study aims to study the effect of sewage sludge amendment on crop yield and on microbial biomass and community structure in Swedish agricultural soils. Materials and methods Topsoil samples (0-0.20 m depth) from four sites where sewage sludge had been repeatedly applied during 14-53 years were analysed for total C, total N, pH and phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs). Heavy metals were analysed in both soil and plant samples, and crop yields were recorded. Results and discussion At all four sites, sewage sludge application increased crop yield and soil organic carbon. Sludge addition also resulted in elevated concentrations of some heavy metals (mainly Cu and Zn) in soils, but high concentrations of metals (Ni and Zn) in plant materials were almost exclusively found in the oldest experiment, started in 1956. PLFA analysis showed that themicrobial community structure was strongly affected by changes in soil pH. At those sites where sewage sludge had caused low pH, Gram-positive bacteria were more abundant. However, differences in community structure were larger between sites than between the treatments. Conclusions At all four sites, long-term sewage sludge application increased the soil organic carbon and nitrogen content, microbial biomass and crop yield. Long-term sewage sludge application led to a decrease in soil pH. Concentrations of some metals had increased significantly with sewage sludge application at all sites, but the amounts of metals added to soil with sewage sludge were found not to be toxic for microbes at any site.
  •  
30.
  • Börjesson, Gunnar, et al. (författare)
  • Markbiologisk uppföljning i åkermark : en undersökning av fosfolipidfettsyror (PLFA) som möjlig mikrobiologisk indikator
  • 2010
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Monitoring and assessment of agricultural soils has become requested as means to detect changes in soil quality. Among possible microbial indicators for monitoring soil quality, the most common methods include microbial biomass, respiration, N mineralization and a community profiling method. Among the latter, the most used seem to be DGGE (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis), PLFA (phospholipid fatty acids), and CLPP (community level physiology profile) analyses. Here we report results from an investigation of the PLFA analysis for the possible use as an indicator for monitoring soil quality. Soil samples were taken 2009 in the Ultuna soil organic matter field experi-ment, which was started in 1956 for investigating the long-term effect of mineral N fertilizers and different organic amendments on crop yields, soil organic matter changes and soil physical properties. PLFAs were extracted from top- and subsoils in ten treatments. PLFA concentrations were compared to other variables, such as total carbon, total nitrogen, pH and respiration, but also to other results reported earlier from the same experiment. Total PLFAs in topsoil samples (0-20 cm) were highest in the sewage sludge (O) treatment, which was almost reflected in subsoil samples, although the highest mean value among those samples was found for the farmyard manure (J) treatment. A good correlation was observed between total PLFAs in topsoil samples and total carbon, but total PLFAs were even better correlated with total nitrogen (r=0.81; p<0.0001). Subsoil samples (27-40 cm depth) reflected topsoil samples for total PLFAs, but the individual PLFAs revealed that the composition of the microbial communities were entirely different. The presence of cyclic fatty acids in the sewage sludge treatment indicated some kind of stress for gram-negative bacteria, probably caused by heavy metals, although a negative effect of the sewage sludge application could not be seen in other ways, e.g. crop yield. In conclusion, the PLFA analysis can give valuable information about the microbial community in soil samples. It can be used in a monitoring programme, although the recommendation is that it would be preferable to combine the PLFA analysis with other methods, for example CLPP, in order to determine trends and changes of microbial communities and activities in soils
  •  
31.
  • Börjesson, Gunnar, et al. (författare)
  • Opportunities for Mitigating Soil Compaction in Europe-Case Studies from the SoilCare Project Using Soil-Improving Cropping Systems
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Land. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-445X. ; 11
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Soil compaction (SC) is a major threat for agriculture in Europe that affects many ecosystem functions, such as water and air circulation in soils, root growth, and crop production. Our objective was to present the results from five short-term (<5 years) case studies located along the north-south and east-west gradients and conducted within the SoilCare project using soil-improving cropping systems (SICSs) for mitigating topsoil and subsoil SC. Two study sites (SSs) focused on natural subsoil (>25 cm) compaction using subsoiling tillage treatments to depths of 35 cm (Sweden) and 60 cm (Romania). The other SSs addressed both topsoil and subsoil SC (>25 cm, Norway and United Kingdom; >30 cm, Italy) using deep-rooted bio-drilling crops and different tillage types or a combination of both. Each SS evaluated the effectiveness of the SICSs by measuring the soil physical properties, and we calculated SC indices. The SICSs showed promising results-for example, alfalfa in Norway showed good potential for alleviating SC (the subsoil density decreased from 1.69 to 1.45 g cm(-1)) and subsoiling at the Swedish SS improved root penetration into the subsoil by about 10 cm-but the effects of SICSs on yields were generally small. These case studies also reflected difficulties in implementing SICSs, some of which are under development, and we discuss methodological issues for measuring their effectiveness. There is a need for refining these SICSs and for evaluating their longer-term effect under a wider range of pedoclimatic conditions.
  •  
32.
  • Börjesson, Gunnar, et al. (författare)
  • Organic carbon stocks in topsoil and subsoil in long-term ley and cereal monoculture rotations
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Biology and Fertility of Soils. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0178-2762 .- 1432-0789. ; 54, s. 549–558-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Soil organic C (SOC) in agricultural soils is affected by cropping system. In order to compare the impact of ley-dominated and cereal monoculture rotations on soil properties, a series of experiments was started in Sweden in the early 1980s. This study quantified the effect of rotations and N fertilisation on SOC stocks and microbial community composition. After 35 years, soil samples taken down to 50-cmdepth at two sites with contrasting soil texture (clay and loam) were analysed for soil C and N, bulk density and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) content. Significant increases in SOC concentrations and stocks were found in the ley-dominated rotation compared with the cereal monoculture rotation, the difference being 0.36 and 0.59 Mg C ha(-1) year(-1) in the topsoil (0-20 cm) for sites with the clay and loam texture, respectively, in average over N fertiliser levels. Nitrogen fertilisation increased SOC stocks significantly in the cereal monoculture, but not in the ley-dominated rotation. In the loam, SOC responses in the subsoil were almost as high as those in the topsoil, but they were insignificant in the clay soil. These results indicate that soil texture and structure can have a great impact on the potential of subsoils to sequester C, which requires attention when scaling up SOC sequestration rates for regional or global assessments.
  •  
33.
  • Börjesson, Gunnar, et al. (författare)
  • Seasonal dynamics of the soil microbial community: assimilation of old and young carbon sources in a long-term field experiment as revealed by natural C-13 abundance
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Soil Science. - : Wiley. - 1351-0754 .- 1365-2389. ; 67, s. 79-89
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Microbial biomass is a small part of the total soil organic carbon (SOC) pool, but plays a major role in its turnover. A field experiment in Sweden, amended with different mineral and organic materials since 1956, was changed from continuous C3 plants to C4 vegetation (silage maize) in 2000. In 2012, soil samples from three fertilizer treatments (calcium nitrate, calcium nitrate plus straw and sewage sludge) and two controls (bare fallow and cropped unfertilized) were taken on three occasions (before, during and after cropping). Phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) were extracted from all soil samples and analysed for C-12 and C-13 contents in individual PLFAs. Seasonal variation in total PLFAs was small except for the most SOC-rich treatment (sewage sludge). Weighted means of C-13 in PLFAs showed that the plots fertilized with calcium nitrate only had the largest C-13 values in PLFAs before (-20.24 parts per thousand) and after the vegetation period (-20.37 parts per thousand). However, during the vegetation period the values were much smaller (-21.85 parts per thousand). This coincided with a strong increase in the PLFA 18:26,9, indicating the use of old organic matter by fungi. Monounsaturated PLFAs indicative of Gram-negative bacteria were more frequent before and after the growing season. This observed rebound' effect of the C-13 PLFA values during the vegetation period indicates that seasonal turnover of the microbial biomass can be substantial.
  •  
34.
  • Börjesson, Gunnar, et al. (författare)
  • Soil fertility effects of repeated application of sewage sludge in two 30-year-old field experiments
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1385-1314 .- 1573-0867. ; 112, s. 369-385
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Recirculation of plant nutrients from waste materials back to agriculture is necessary in a sustainable food production system. In this study we investigated the long-term effect of direct land application of sewage sludge (SS) on soil fertility on two Swedish farms, where field experiments were set up in 1981 with three rates of SS (0, 4 and 12Mgdrymatterha(-1) every 4years) and three rates of mineral fertilisation, in a factorial design with four replicates. At one site, SS application tended to increase crop yield over time but, when plant nutrients were not limiting, the effect was only significant for spring barley. We deduced that improved soil structure was the main driver for this fertility enhancement after SS application, as indicated by lower soil bulk density and higher soil carbon concentration. After 30years, soil organic carbon stocks to 0.40m depth differed by up to 17Mgha(-1) between treatments. According to carbon balance calculations, retention of carbon derived from SS ranged between 18 and 20% for the soil layers analysed at the two sites. Soluble phosphorus (P) increased with sludge application rate, but represented only around 2% of the expected residual P according to P-balance calculations. The fertiliser value of nitrogen was also low, with only 3-8% nitrogen use efficiency. Heavy metals such as copper, zinc and mercury showed moderate accumulation in the soil, but elevated levels of metals were not detected in crops, even at the highest dose of SS. These results show that SS represents a valuable resource for improving soil fertility in terms of soil organic matter and soil structure, but its efficiency for nutrient cycling is very low within the time frame considered in the study.
  •  
35.
  •  
36.
  • Börjesson, Gunnar, et al. (författare)
  • Soil microbial community structure affected by 53 years of nitrogen fertilisation and different organic amendments
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Biology and Fertility of Soils. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0178-2762 .- 1432-0789. ; 48, s. 245-257
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The Ultuna long-term soil organic matter experiment in Sweden (59'82A degrees N, 17'65A degrees E) was started in 1956 to study the effects of different N fertilisers and organic amendments on soil properties. In this study, samples were taken from 11 of the treatments, including unfertilised bare fallow and cropped fallow, straw with and without N addition, green manure, peat, farmyard manure, sawdust, sewage sludge, calcium nitrate and ammonium sulphate, with n = 4 for each treatment. Samples were taken from topsoil (0-20 cm) and subsoil (27-40 cm depth) and analysed for concentrations of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs), organic C, total N and pH. The results showed that the subsoil samples reflected the total PLFA content of the topsoil, but not the microbial community structure. Total PLFA content was well correlated with total organic C and total N in both topsoil and subsoil. Total PLFA content in topsoil samples was highest in the sewage sludge treatment (89 A +/- 22 nmol PLFA g dw(-1)). This contradicts earlier findings on microbial biomass in this sewage sludge-treated soil, which indicated inhibition of microorganisms, probably by heavy metals added with sludge. A switch towards microbial growth and faster decomposition of organic matter occurred around 2000, coinciding with lowered heavy metal content in the sludge. According to the PLFA data, the microbial community in the sewage sludge treatment is now dominated by Gram-positive bacteria. A lack of Gram-negative bacteria was also observed for the ammonium sulphate treatment, obviously caused by a drop in pH to 4.2.
  •  
37.
  • Carlsson, Magnus, et al. (författare)
  • Charcoal Application to Arable Soil: Effects on CO2 Emissions
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0010-3624 .- 1532-2416. ; 43, s. 2262-2273
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Activated carbon and commercial household charcoal were added to soil in a 36-day incubation study at 20 degrees C measuring carbon dioxide evolution. The black carbon materials were found to decompose slowly, releasing between 1.4% and 0.8% of their carbon content per year, respectively. The main experiment tested whether the black carbon additions to soil (2% and 4% by mass) affected decomposition of selected substrates in soil, both respiration dynamics and total respiration. The results indicated that the black carbon materials tested had no effect on total respiration from added glucose. However, decomposition rates of amylose, xylan, casein, and ryegrass were reduced in soil with addition of activated carbon but were not significantly affected by household charcoal. A larger surface area of activated carbon than that of household charcoal, and thus a greater adsorption capacity for organic compounds and exo-enzymes required to break down water-insoluble substrates, may explain the results.
  •  
38.
  • Cederberg, Christel, 1959, et al. (författare)
  • Betande djur kan inte rädda klimatet
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Land Lantbruk. - 2002-5599 .- 2002-5580.
  • Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
  •  
39.
  • Chakrawal, Arjun, et al. (författare)
  • Dynamic upscaling of decomposition kinetics for carbon cycling models
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Geoscientific Model Development. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1991-959X .- 1991-9603. ; 13:3, s. 1399-1429
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The distribution of organic substrates and microorganisms in soils is spatially heterogeneous at the microscale. Most soil carbon cycling models do not account for this microscale heterogeneity, which may affect predictions of carbon (C) fluxes and stocks. In this study, we hypothesize that the mean respiration rate (R) over bar at the soil core scale (i) is affected by the microscale spatial heterogeneity of substrate and microorganisms and (ii) depends upon the degree of this heterogeneity. To theoretically assess the effect of spatial heterogeneities on (R) over bar, we contrast heterogeneous conditions with isolated patches of substrate and microorganisms versus spatially homogeneous conditions equivalent to those assumed in most soil C models. Moreover, we distinguish between biophysical heterogeneity, defined as the nonuniform spatial distribution of substrate and microorganisms, and full heterogeneity, defined as the nonuniform spatial distribution of substrate quality (or accessibility) in addition to biophysical heterogeneity. Four common formulations for decomposition kinetics (linear, multiplicative, Michaelis-Menten, and inverse Michaelis-Menten) are considered in a coupled substrate-microbial biomass model valid at the microscale. We start with a 2-D domain characterized by a heterogeneous substrate distribution and numerically simulate organic matter dynamics in each cell in the domain. To interpret the mean behavior of this spatially explicit system, we propose an analytical scale transition approach in which microscale heterogeneities affect (R) over bar through the second-order spatial moments (spatial variances and covariances). The model assuming homogeneous conditions was not able to capture the mean behavior of the heterogeneous system because the second-order moments cause (R) over bar to be higher or lower than in the homogeneous system, depending on the sign of these moments. This effect of spatial heterogeneities appears in the upscaled nonlinear decomposition formulations, whereas the upscaled linear decomposition model deviates from homogeneous conditions only when substrate quality is heterogeneous. Thus, this study highlights the inadequacy of applying at the macroscale the same decomposition formulations valid at the microscale and proposes a scale transition approach as a way forward to capture microscale dynamics in core-scale models.
  •  
40.
  • Coucheney, Elsa, et al. (författare)
  • Improving the sustainability of arable cropping systems by modifying root traits: A modelling study for winter wheat
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Soil Science. - 1351-0754 .- 1365-2389. ; 75
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Modifying root systems by crop breeding has been attracting increasing attention as a potentially effective strategy to enhance the sustainability of agriculture by increasing soil organic matter (SOM) stocks and soil quality, whilst maintaining or even improving yields. We used the new soil-crop model USSF (Uppsala model of Soil Structure and Function) to investigate the potential of this management strategy using winter wheat as a model crop. USSF combines a simple (generic) crop growth model with physics-based descriptions of soil water flow, water uptake and transpiration by plants. It also includes a model of the interactions between soil structure dynamics and organic matter turnover that considers the effects of physical protection and microbial priming on the decomposition of SOM. The model was first calibrated against field data on soil water contents and both above-ground and root biomass of winter wheat measured during one growing season in a clay soil in Uppsala, Sweden using the GLUE method to identify five 'acceptable' parameter sets. We created four model crops (ideotypes) by modifying root-related parameters to mimic winter wheat phenotypes with improved root traits. Long-term (30-year) simulations of a conventionally tilled monoculture of winter wheat were then performed to evaluate the potential effects of cultivating these ideotypes on the soil water balance, soil organic matter stocks and grain yields. Our results showed that ideotypes with deeper root systems or root systems that are more effective for water uptake increased grain yields by 3% and SOM stocks in the soil profile by ca. 0.4%-0.5% in a 30-year perspective (as an average of the five parameter sets). An ideotype in which below-ground allocation of dry matter was increased at the expense of stem growth gave even larger increases in SOM stocks (ca. 1.4%). An ideotype combining all three modifications (deeper and more effective root systems and greater root production) showed even more promising results: compared with the baseline scenario, surface runoff decreased while yields were predicted to increase by ca. 7% and SOM stocks in the soil profile by ca. 2%, which is roughly equivalent to ca. 20% of the 4-per-mille target ().
  •  
41.
  •  
42.
  • Eckersten, Henrik, et al. (författare)
  • Ecosystem C and N dynamics affected by a modified spring barley trait with increased nitrogen use - a simulation case study
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica - Section B. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0906-4710 .- 1651-1913. ; 68:3, s. 230-242
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • To what extent might a crop with increased plant N uptake efficiency and/or N demand increase plant biomass and soil carbon storage, decrease N leaching, and reduce the need for N fertilisation? This was assessed for a fertilised sandy loam site in central Sweden cultivated with spring barley for a four year period using a process based crop and soil simulation model (SOILN) calibrated to fit observations of field experiments with non-modified crops. Crop properties were changed in accordance with previous model applications to other crops with higher N uptake and utilisation efficiencies, to resemble potential effects of breeding. For the modified crops a doubling of daily uptake efficiency of soil mineral N and/or increase of radiation use efficiency by 30%, increased plant biomass by 3%-30%, decreased N leaching by 1%-30% and increased soil organic carbon (SOC) content by 1-12 g C m-2 year-1. The larger changes were mainly due to increased uptake efficiency. Fertilisation of the modified spring barley crop could be reduced while still producing the same plant biomass as the non-modified crop. The plant biomass to N leaching ratio of the modified crops increased. The simulated changes in plant biomass and SOC were sensitive to weather conditions suggesting that in situ experiments would need to cover a large range of weather conditions to evaluate the performance of new crop traits under climatic variability. The study suggests a strong need that field experiments are accompanied with model applications, when exploring the potential of the modified crops under variable conditions.
  •  
43.
  • Eckersten, Henrik, et al. (författare)
  • Nitrogen leaching and soil organic carbon sequestration of a Barley crop with improved N use efficiency : A regional case study
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica - Section B. - : Taylor and Francis Ltd.. - 0906-4710 .- 1651-1913. ; 67:7, s. 615-627
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The potential of modified spring barley crops with improved nitrogen (N) use efficiency to reduce nitrogen (N) leaching and to increase soil organic carbon (SOC) storage was assessed at the regional scale. This was done using simulation model applications designed for reporting according to the Helcom (Helsinki Commission) and Kyoto protocols. Using model simulations based on modified crops N dynamics and SOC were assessed for three agro-ecological regions (latitudes ranging 55°20′–60°40′ N) in Sweden over a 20-year period. The modified N use properties of spring barley were implemented in the SOILNDB model (simulating soil C, N, water and heat, and plant N dynamics) by changing the parameters for root N uptake efficiency and plant N demand within a range given by previous model applications to different crops. A doubling of the daily N uptake efficiency and increased N demand (by ca 30%) reduced N leaching by 24%–31%, increased plant N content by 9%–12%, depending on region. The effects of the modified crop on SOC was simulated with the ICBM model, resulting in an increased SOC content (0–25 cm depth) by 57–79 kg C ha−1 y−1. The results suggest that a modified crop might reduce N leaching from spring barley area, in a range similar to the targets of relevant environmental protection directives, a result which held more in the northern than southern regions. The simulated SOC increase on a hectare basis was highest for the central region and least for the most northern region. For the total agricultural area the share of spring barley area was small and more crops would need to be modified to reach the emission reduction targets.
  •  
44.
  • Fukumasu, Jumpei, et al. (författare)
  • Oxalate-extractable aluminum alongside carbon inputs may be a major determinant for organic carbon content in agricultural topsoils in humid continental climate
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Geoderma. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-7061 .- 1872-6259. ; 402
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The relative importance of various soil mineral constituents (e.g. clay-sized particles, aluminum- and iron-bearing mineral reactive phases) in protecting soil organic carbon (SOC) from decomposition is not yet fully understood in arable soils formed from quaternary deposits in humid continental climates. In this study, we investigated the relationships between soil physico-chemical properties (i.e. contents of oxalate-extractable aluminum (Alox) and iron (Feox) and clay size particle < 2 mu m), grain yield (as a proxy for carbon input) and total SOC as well as SOC in different soil fractions for samples taken from the topsoil of an arable field at Bjertorp in south-west Sweden. We found a positive correlation between Alox and total SOC content, where Alox explained ca. 48% of the spatial variation in SOC. We also found that ca. 80% of SOC was stored in silt- and claysized (SC) fractions, where Al-bearing reactive mineral phases (estimated by Alox) may be important for organicmineral associations and clay aggregation. Our results were supported by data collated from the literature for arable topsoil in similar climates, which also showed positive correlations between SOC and Alox contents (R-2 = 23.1 - 74.5%). Multiple linear regression showed that including spatially-variable crop yields as a proxy for carbon inputs improved the prediction of SOC variation across the Bjertorp field. Other unquantified soil properties such as exchangeable calcium may account for the remaining unexplained variation in topsoil SOC. We conclude that Al-bearing reactive mineral phases are more important than clay content and Fe-bearing reactive mineral phases for SOC stabilization in arable topsoil in humid continental climates.
  •  
45.
  • Fukumasu, Jumpei, et al. (författare)
  • Relations between soil organic carbon content and the pore size distribution for an arable topsoil with large variations in soil properties
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Soil Science. - : Wiley. - 1351-0754 .- 1365-2389. ; 73
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Soil organic carbon (SOC) in arable topsoil is known to have beneficial effects on soil physical properties that are important for soil fertility. The effects of SOC content on soil aggregate stability have been well documented; however, few studies have investigated its relationship with the soil pore structure, which has a strong influence on water dynamics and biogeochemical cycling. In the present study, we examined the relationships between SOC and clay contents and pore size distributions (PSDs) across an arable field with large spatial variations in topsoil SOC and clay contents by combining X-ray tomography and measurements of soil water retention. Additionally, we investigated the relationships between fractionated SOC, reactive Fe and Al oxide contents and soil pore structure. We found that porosities in the 0.2-720 mu m diameter class were positively correlated with SOC content. A unit increase of SOC content was associated with a relatively large increase in porosity in the 0.2-5 and 480-720 mu m diameter classes, which indicates that enhanced SOC content would increase plant available water content and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity. On the other hand, macroporosities (1200-3120 mu m diameter classes) and bioporosity were positively correlated with clay content but not with SOC content. Due to strong correlations between soil texture, carbon-to-nitrogen ratios and reactive iron contents, we could not separate the relative importance of these soil properties for PSDs. Reactive aluminium and particulate organic carbon contents were poorer predictors for PSDs compared with clay and SOC contents. This study provides new insights on the relations between SOC and soil pore structure in an arable soil and may lead to improved estimations of the effects of enhanced SOC sequestration on soil water dynamics and soil water supply to crops. Highlights Relations between soil organic carbon (SOC) and pore size distribution (PSD) in an arable soil were explored. We used X-ray tomography and soil water retention to quantify a wide range of PSD. There were positive correlations between SOC and porosities in 0.2-720 mu m diameter classes. Porosities in 0.2-5 and 480-720 mu m diameter classes were more strongly correlated with SOC than clay. Our results have implications for improved estimates of effects of SOC sequestration on soil water dynamics.
  •  
46.
  • Getahun, Gizachew Tarekegn, et al. (författare)
  • Effects of loosening combined with straw incorporation into the upper subsoil on soil properties and crop yield in a three-year field experiment
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Soil and Tillage Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-1987 .- 1879-3444. ; 223
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Subsoil management needs to be integrated into the current tillage regimes in order to access additional resources of water and nutrients and sustain crop production. However, arable subsoil is often deficient in nutrients and carbon, and it is compacted, affecting root growth and yield. In this study, crop yield and soil responses to loosening of the upper subsoil, without and with straw injection below the plough layer (25-34 cm), were studied during three crop cycles (2016-2018) in a field experiment near Uppsala, Sweden. Responses to straw injection after loosening were studied after single and triple consecutive applications of 24-30 Mg ha-1 during 2015-2017 to spring-sown barley and oats. Subsoil loosening combined with one-time or repeated straw addition (LS treatments) significantly reduced soil bulk density (BD) and increased porosity, soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (N) compared with loosening (L) alone (one-time or repeated annually) and the control. In treatment L, the soil re-compacted over time to a similar level as in the control. Field inspections indicated higher abundance of earthworms and biopores in and close to straw incorporation strips. Aggregates readily crumbled/fragmented by hand and casts (fine crumbs) were frequently observed in earthworm burrows. The treatment LS improved soil properties (SOC and porosity) and water holding capacity, but had no significant influence on crop yield compared with the control. Crop yield in all treatments was 6.5-6.8 Mg ha-1 in 2017 and 3.8-4.0 Mg ha-1 in 2018, and differences were non-significant. Absence of yield effect due to treatments could be possibly due to other confounding factors buffering expression of treatment effects on yield. Lower relative chlorophyll content in leaves in the loosening with straw treatment during early growth stages, did not affect final crop yield. Subsoil loosening performed three times gave no further improvement in soil properties and grain yield compared with one-time loosening. There was no difference in yield between repeated subsoil loosening + straw and one-time treatment. It will be interesting to study the long-term effects of deep straw injection and evaluate its impact under other soil and weather conditions.
  •  
47.
  • Getahun, Gizachew Tarekegn, et al. (författare)
  • Impact of loosening and straw addition to the subsoil on crop performance and nitrogen leaching: A lysimeter study
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Quality. - : Wiley. - 0047-2425 .- 1537-2537. ; 50, s. 858-867
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Poor subsoil properties are difficult to ameliorate and detrimental to soil fertility and crop yield. The effects of loosening (L) and loosening + straw (LS) similar to 60 Mg ha(-1) into the subsoil (25-40 cm depth) on crop yield, water flow, and the nitrogen (N) balance components under bare soil conditions and a barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) crop were investigated in an about 21-mo lysimeter study and compared with a control treatment. Undisturbed soil columns (n = 12) were excavated from an agricultural field in May 2016, installed at a lysimeter station, and exposed to outdoor climatic conditions in Uppsala, Sweden, in August 2016. Spring barley ('Makof') was grown between June and September 2017. Total N leaching loads over the 21 mo were high (74-193 kg ha(-1)). The LS treatment reduced the N load by 49% (P = .01) and 62% (P = .001) compared with the L and control treatments, respectively. Loosening reduced N load by 25% (P < .07) compared with the control. Emissions of N2O were low (0.04-0.07 kg N ha(-1)), and no differences were observed between treatments. Leaf relative chlorophyll content was lower in the LS treatment than in the L and control treatments (P < .05). Yield was also lowest in the LS treatment (5.8 Mg ha(-1)) and was 7 and 8.5% lower than in the control and L treatments (P > .05), respectively. These results suggest that LS can reduce N leaching. The overall effects of LS on crop performance and N removal and leaching should be further scrutinized in long-term field studies.
  •  
48.
  • Ghafoor, Abdul, et al. (författare)
  • Fate of straw- and root-derived carbon in a Swedish agricultural soil
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Biology and Fertility of Soils. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0178-2762 .- 1432-0789. ; 53, s. 257-267
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • To maximise carbon (C) storage in soils, understanding the fate of C originating from aboveground and belowground residues and their interaction with fertiliser under field conditions is critically important. The use of C-13 natural abundance provides unique opportunities to separate both C sources. We investigated the effect of 16 years of C3 straw and C4 root input, with and without nitrogen (N) addition, on SOC stocks and C distribution in soil fractions in the long-term frame trial at Ultuna, Sweden. The straw C input was fixed at 1.77 Mg ha(-1) year(-1), while the root input depended on maize plant growth, enabling studies on how N fertilisation affected (i) stabilisation of residues and (ii) plant C allocation to belowground organs. Four treatments were investigated: only maize roots (Control), maize roots with N (Control + N), maize roots and straw (Straw) and maize roots, straw and N (Straw + N). After 16 years, 5.6-8.9% of the total SOC stock in the 0-20 cm soil layer was maize-derived. In all four treatments, the relatively labile SOC fractions decreased, while the proportion of more refractory fractions increased. Based on allometric calculation of root inputs, retention of maize roots was 38, 26, 36 and 18% in the Control, Control + N, Straw and Straw + N treatments, respectively. The estimated retention coefficient of C3 straw in the Straw + N treatment was higher than that in the Straw-N treatment. We interpreted these results thus (1) roots were better stabilised in the soil than straw; (2) N fertilisation caused a shift in root to shoot ratio, with relatively more roots being present in N-deficient soil; and (3) N fertilisation caused greater stabilisation of residues, presumably due to increased microbial C use efficiency.
  •  
49.
  • Gärdenäs, Annemieke, et al. (författare)
  • Knowledge gaps in soil carbon and nitrogen interactions - From molecular to global scale
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Soil Biology and Biochemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0038-0717 .- 1879-3428. ; 43, s. 702-717
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The objective of this review was to identify, address and rank knowledge gaps in our understanding of five major soil C and N interactions across a range of scales – from molecular to global. The studied five soil C and N interactions are: i) N controls on the soil emissions of greenhouse gases, ii) plant utilisation of organic N, iii) impact of rhizosphere priming on C and N cycling, iv) impact of black N on the stabilisation of soil organic matter (SOM) and v) representation of fractions of SOM in simulation models. We ranked the identified knowledge gaps according to the importance we attached to them for functional descriptions of soil–climate interactions at the global scale, for instance in general circulation models (GCMs). Both the direct and indirect influences on soil–climate interactions were included. We found that the level of understanding declined as the scale increased from molecular to global for four of the five topics. By contrast, the knowledge level for SOM simulation models appeared to be highest when considered at the ecosystem scale. The largest discrepancy between knowledge level and importance was found at the global modelling scale. We concluded that a reliable quantification of greenhouse gas emissions at the ecosystem scale is of utmost importance for improving soil–climate representation in GCMs. We see as key questions the identification of the role of different N species for the temperature sensitivity of SOM decomposition rates and its consequences for plant available N
  •  
50.
  •  
Skapa referenser, mejla, bekava och länka
  • Resultat 1-50 av 197
Typ av publikation
tidskriftsartikel (142)
rapport (13)
konferensbidrag (11)
forskningsöversikt (11)
bokkapitel (9)
annan publikation (8)
visa fler...
bok (3)
visa färre...
Typ av innehåll
refereegranskat (148)
populärvet., debatt m.m. (30)
övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt (19)
Författare/redaktör
Kätterer, Thomas (197)
Bolinder, Martin (41)
Kirchmann, Holger (40)
Börjesson, Gunnar (27)
Poeplau, Christopher (18)
Menichetti, Lorenzo (15)
visa fler...
Bergström, Lars (14)
Andrén, Olof (13)
Meurer, Katharina (12)
Sundberg, Cecilia (9)
Tidåker, Pernilla (9)
Andersson, Rune (9)
Jarvis, Nicholas (6)
Hedlund, Katarina (6)
Lundblad, Mattias (6)
Marstorp, Håkan (6)
Keller, Thomas (5)
Koestel, Johannes (5)
Thomsen, Ingrid K. (5)
Herrmann, Anke (4)
Hedblom, Marcus (4)
Ahrné, Karin (4)
Wissman, Jörgen (4)
Isberg, Per-Erik (4)
Bergkvist, Göran (4)
Kyllmar, Katarina (4)
Aronsson, Helena (4)
Larsbo, Mats (4)
Karltun, Erik (4)
Nyberg, Gert (4)
Ignatieva, Maria (4)
Simonsson, Magnus (3)
Näsholm, Torgny (3)
Gärdenäs, Annemieke (3)
Fagerström,, Torbjör ... (3)
Stendahl, Johan (3)
Manzoni, Stefano (3)
Hallin, Sara (3)
Ågren, Göran (3)
Torstensson, Gunnar (3)
Stenström, John (3)
Persson, Tryggve (3)
Berglund, Kerstin (3)
Johnsson, Holger (3)
Arvidsson, Johan (3)
Eckersten, Henrik (3)
Bracht Jørgensen, He ... (3)
Lang, Rong (3)
Nilsson, Ingvar (3)
Clarholm, Marianne (3)
visa färre...
Lärosäte
Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet (191)
Lunds universitet (15)
Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (7)
Stockholms universitet (4)
Naturvårdsverket (4)
RISE (4)
visa fler...
Örebro universitet (3)
Chalmers tekniska högskola (3)
Umeå universitet (2)
Uppsala universitet (2)
Högskolan i Gävle (2)
Luleå tekniska universitet (1)
Linköpings universitet (1)
Mittuniversitetet (1)
Södertörns högskola (1)
Linnéuniversitetet (1)
visa färre...
Språk
Engelska (172)
Svenska (25)
Forskningsämne (UKÄ/SCB)
Lantbruksvetenskap (183)
Naturvetenskap (68)
Samhällsvetenskap (6)
Teknik (3)

År

Kungliga biblioteket hanterar dina personuppgifter i enlighet med EU:s dataskyddsförordning (2018), GDPR. Läs mer om hur det funkar här.
Så här hanterar KB dina uppgifter vid användning av denna tjänst.

 
pil uppåt Stäng

Kopiera och spara länken för att återkomma till aktuell vy