| 1. |
- Garthwaite, Taru, et al.
(författare)
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Associations of sedentary time, physical activity, and fitness with muscle glucose uptake in adults with metabolic syndrome
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - West Sussex : John Wiley & Sons. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 33:3, s. 353-358
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the associations of sedentary time, physical activity, and cardiorespiratory fitness with skeletal muscle glucose uptake (GU). Methods: Sedentary time and physical activity were measured with accelerometers and VO2max with cycle ergometry in 44 sedentary adults with metabolic syndrome. Thigh muscle GU was determined with [18F]FDG-PET imaging. Results: Sedentary time (β = −0.374), standing (β = 0.376), steps (β = 0.351), and VO2max (β = 0.598) were associated with muscle GU when adjusted for sex, age, and accelerometer wear time. Adjustment for body fat-% turned all associations non-significant. Conclusion: Body composition is a more important determinant of muscle GU in this population than sedentary time, physical activity, or fitness. © 2022 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science In Sports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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| 2. |
- Garthwaite, Taru, et al.
(författare)
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Standing is associated with insulin sensitivity in adults with metabolic syndrome
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. - Chatswood : Elsevier. - 1440-2440 .- 1878-1861. ; 24:12, s. 1255-1260
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To determine how components of accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior (SB) and physical activity (PA), and fitness are associated with insulin sensitivity in adults with metabolic syndrome. Design: Cross-sectional. Methods: Target population was middle-aged (40–65 years) sedentary adults with metabolic syndrome. SB, breaks in SB, standing, and PA were measured for four weeks with hip-worn accelerometers. VO2max (ml/min/kg) was measured with maximal cycle ergometry. Insulin sensitivity was determined by hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp (M-value) and fasting blood sampling (HOMA-IR, insulin). Multivariable regression was used for analyses. Results: Sixty-four participants (37 women; 58.3 [SD 6.8] years) were included. Participants spent 10.0 (1.0) h sedentary, 1.8 (0.6) h standing, and 2.7 (0.6) h in PA and took 5149 (1825) steps and 29 (8) breaks daily. In sex-, age- and accelerometer wear time-adjusted model SB, standing, steps and VO2max were associated with M-value (β = −0.384; β = 0.400; β = 0.350; β = 0.609, respectively), HOMA-IR (β = 0.420; β = −0.548; β = −0.252; β = −0.449), and insulin (β = 0.433; β = −0.541; β = −0.252; β = −0.453); all p-values < 0.05. Breaks associated only with M-value (β = 0.277). When further adjusted for body fat %, only standing remained significantly associated with HOMA-IR (β = −0.381) and insulin (β = −0.366); significance was maintained even when further adjusted for SB, PA and fitness. Light and moderate-to-vigorous PA were not associated with insulin sensitivity. Conclusions: Standing is associated with insulin sensitivity markers. The association with HOMA-IR and insulin is independent of adiposity, PA, SB and fitness. Further studies are warranted, but these findings encourage replacing sitting with standing for potential improvements in insulin sensitivity in adults at increased type 2 diabetes risk. © 2021 The Authors.
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| 3. |
- Haapala, Eero A., et al.
(författare)
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Association between cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic health in overweight and obese adults
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. - Turin : Edizioni Minerva Medica. - 0022-4707 .- 1827-1928. ; 62:11, s. 1526-1533
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been inversely associated with insulin resistance and clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors among overweight and obese individuals. However, most previous studies have scaled CRF by body mass (BM) possibly inflating the association between CRF and cardiometabolic health. We investigated the associations of peak oxygen uptake (V?O2peak) and peak power output (Wpeak) scaled either by BM-1, fat free mass (FFM-1), or by allometric methods with individual cardiometabolic risk factors and clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors in 55 overweight or obese adults with metabolic syndrome. METHODS: VO2peak and Wpeak were assessed by a maximal cycle ergometer exercise test. FFM was measured by air displacement plethysmo- graph and glucose, insulin, HbA1c, triglycerides, and total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol from fasting blood samples. HOMA-IR and metabolic syndrome score (MetS) were computed. RESULTS: VO2peak and Wpeak scaled by BM-1 were inversely associated with insulin (β=-0.404 to -0.372, 95% CI: -0.704 to -0.048), HOMAIR (β=-0.442 to -0.440, 95% CI: -0.762 to -0.117), and MetS (β=-0.474 to -0.463, 95% CI: -0.798 to -0.127). Other measures of CRF were not associated with cardiometabolic risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that using BM-1 as a scaling factor confounds the associations between CRF and cardiometabolic risk in overweight/obese adults with the metabolic syndrome. © 2022 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA.
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| 4. |
- Hiltunen, Seppo, et al.
(författare)
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No evidence for theta power as a marker of hypnotic state in highly hypnotizable subjects
- 2021
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Ingår i: Heliyon. - : Elsevier. - 2405-8440. ; 7:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- EEG spectral-power density was analyzed in a group of nine highly hypnotizable subjects via ten frontal, central, parietal, and occipital electrodes under four conditions: 1) wake state, 2) neutral hypnosis, 3) hypnotic suggestion for altering perception of tones, and 4) post-hypnosis. Results indicate no theta-power changes between conditions, challenging previous findings that increased theta power is a marker of hypnosis. A decrease in gamma power under hypnotic suggestion and an almost significant decrease under neutral hypnosis were observed, compared to post-hypnosis. Anteroposterior power distribution remained stable over all conditions. The results are discussed and compared to earlier studies, which report heterogenous findings.
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| 5. |
- Hiltunen, Seppo, et al.
(författare)
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The effects of hypnosis and hypnotic suggestions on the mismatch negativity in highly hypnotizable subjects
- 2019
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Ingår i: International journal of clinical and experimental hypnosis. - : Routledge. - 0020-7144 .- 1744-5183. ; 67:2, s. 192-216
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The neural mechanisms associated with hypnosis were investigated in a group of 9 high hypnotizable subjects by measuring the mismatch negativity (MMN) component of the auditory eventrelated potential (ERP). ERPs were recorded using a passive oddball paradigm to sinusoidal standard and deviant tone stimuli of 500 and 520 Hz, respectively, in four conditions: prehypnosis, neutral hypnosis, hypnotic suggestion for altering the tone perception, and posthypnotic conditions. Earlier studies have indicated that hypnosis and hypnotic suggestions might have an effect on MMN, but the results of our study contradict these results: No statistically significant differences were found between the conditions in the MMN amplitudes.
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| 6. |
- Joensuu, Heikki, et al.
(författare)
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Adjuvant Imatinib for High-Risk GI Stromal Tumor: Analysis of a Randomized Trial.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Oncology. - 1527-7755. ; 34:3, s. 244-250
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three years of adjuvant imatinib therapy are recommended for patients with GI stromal tumor (GIST) with high-risk features, according to survival findings in the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group XVIII/AIO (Arbeitsgemeinschaft Internistische Onkologie) trial. To investigate whether the survival benefits have persisted, we performed the second planned analysis of the trial.
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| 7. |
- Joensuu, Heikki, et al.
(författare)
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One vs Three Years of Adjuvant Imatinib for Operable Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor : A Randomized Trial
- 2012
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Ingår i: JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 1538-3598. ; 307:12, s. 1265-1272
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context Adjuvant imatinib administered for 12 months after surgery has improved recurrence-free survival (RFS) of patients with operable gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) compared with placebo. Objective To investigate the role of imatinib administration duration as adjuvant treatment of patients who have a high estimated risk for GIST recurrence after surgery. Design, Setting, and Patients Patients with KIT-positive GIST removed at surgery were entered between February 2004 and September 2008 to this randomized, open-label phase 3 study conducted in 24 hospitals in Finland, Germany, Norway, and Sweden. The risk of GIST recurrence was estimated using the modified National Institutes of Health Consensus Criteria. Intervention Imatinib, 400 mg per day, orally for either 12 months or 36 months, started within 12 weeks of surgery. Main Outcome Measures The primary end point was RFS; the secondary end points included overall survival and treatment safety. Results Two hundred patients were allocated to each group. The median follow-up time after randomization was 54 months in December 2010. Diagnosis of GIST was confirmed in 382 of 397 patients (96%) in the intention-to-treat population at a central pathology review. KIT or PDGFRA mutation was detected in 333 of 366 tumors (91%) available for testing. Patients assigned for 36 months of imatinib had longer RFS compared with those assigned for 12 months (hazard ratio [HR], 0.46; 95% CI, 0.32-0.65; P = .001; 5-year RFS, 65.6% vs 47.9%, respectively) and longer overall survival (HR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.22-0.89; P=. 02; 5-year survival, 92.0% vs 81.7%). Imatinib was generally well tolerated, but 12.6% and 25.8% of patients assigned to the 12-and 36-month groups, respectively, discontinued imatinib for a reason other than GIST recurrence. Conclusion Compared with 12 months of adjuvant imatinib, 36 months of imatinib improved RFS and overall survival of GIST patients with a high risk of GIST recurrence.
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| 8. |
- Jukka-Pekka, Spets, et al.
(författare)
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Test of Different Anode Electrocatalysts for Direct Glucose Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Electrochemical Science. - : Electrochemical Science Group. - 1452-3981. ; 11:6, s. 4219-4230
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Direct glucose anion exchange membrane fuel cell (AEMFC) with near-neutral-state electrolyte of 0.1 M [PO4] (tot) was studied with five different anode electrocatalysts (Pt, PtRu, PtNi, Au, PdAu) at a temperature of 37 degrees C and at a glucose concentration of 0.1 M. The cathode catalyst in each test was Pt supported on carbon (60 wt.%). Four anode electrocatalysts (supported on carbon) had a total metal content of 40 wt.% while the fifth anode material of PtRu had a higher content of 60 wt.%. Moreover, in order to show the influence of the metallic content on the fuel cell performance, anode catalysts with 60 wt.% (Pt) and 10wt.% (PtNi) were tested. The operation of the AEMFC was controlled by means of an in-house-made electronic load with PI-controller (i.e. a feedback controller that has proportional and integral action on control error signal) either at constant current (CC) or at constant voltage (CV). The primary objective was to characterize the Coulombic efficiency (CE) based on the exchange of two electrons and compare the specific energy (Wh kg(-1)) for the direct glucose AEMFC related to the different electrode combinations and electrocatalysts. As a result of these screening tests, two most efficient anode electrodes with Pt and PtNi were selected to be used for further AEMFC studies.
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| 9. |
- Jukka-Pekka, Spets, et al.
(författare)
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Towards an Efficient Direct Glucose Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell System with Several Electro-Oxidation Units
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Electrochemical Science. - : ESG. - 1452-3981. ; 12:5, s. 3697-3708
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work covers the direct glucose anion exchange membrane fuel cell (AEMFC) with near-neutralstate electrolyte of 0.1 M [PO4] (tot) having two high-performing anode electrocatalysts (Pt and PtNi) at 37 degrees C and at a glucose concentration of 0.1 M. The cathode catalyst in each test was a Pt supported on carbon (60 wt.%). The PtNi/C had a total metal content of 40 wt.% and the Pt/C 60 wt.%. The operation of the AEMFC was controlled by means of an in-house made electronic load with PI-controller (i.e. a feedback controller, which has proportional and integral action on control error signal). There were two primary objectives with this study. At first, to find out how the electrode modifications of the anode (i.e. by increasing the thicknesses of these electrodes by adding extra carbon) affect the Coulombic efficiency (CE, based on the exchange of two electrons) and the specific energy (SPE, Wh kg(-1)) values of the direct glucose AEMFC. Secondly, investigate how a two-stage fuel cell system with two fuel cells concatenated and used one after the other for the electrochemical oxidation of glucose, influence the CE and SPE values. The results show that the modified PtNi anode shows superior results for the AEMFC compared to our earlier results. As for the two-stage fuel cell system, it increased the average electric power (mWh) and SPE when compared to single fuel cell systems except when the higher selective anode catalyst (Pt) was used in the first fuel cell prior to the fuel cell in the second fuel cell containing the lower selective anode catalyst (PtNi).
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| 10. |
- Kallio, Petri, et al.
(författare)
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Missä ovat richterit?
- 2002
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Ingår i: Kanava. - 0355-0303. ; 9, s. 634-636
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 11. |
- Kanninen, Petri, et al.
(författare)
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Activation of commercial Pt/C catalyst toward glucose electro-oxidation by irreversible Bi adsorption
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Energy Challenges and Mechanics. - : Elsevier. - 2056-9386. ; 27:5, s. 1446-1452
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of irreversibly adsorbed Bi on commercial Pt/C catalyst toward glucose electro-oxidation reaction (GOR) in different electrolytes (acidic, neutral, alkaline) is studied. Bi is successfully deposited on Pt/C from Bi3+ containing acidic solution from 0 to 90% coverage degree. The stability of the Bi layer in acid and alkaline corresponded to previous studies and started to dissolve at 0.7 V and 0.8 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), respectively. However, in neutral phosphate buffer the layer showed remarkable stability to at least 1.2 V versus RHE. Bi modification at low (20%) and high (80%) coverage showed the highest increase in the activity of Pt/C toward GOR by a factor up to 7 due to the increased poisoning resistance of the modified catalyst. The effect of poisoning was especially reduced at high Bi coverage (80%), which shows that adsorbate blocked by Bi through the third-body effect is effective. Finally, with or without Bi modification GOR on Pt/C was most active in alkaline conditions.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Kanninen, Petri, et al.
(författare)
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Carbon corrosion properties and performance of multi-walled carbon nanotube support with and without nitrogen-functionalization in fuel cell electrodes
- 2020
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Ingår i: Electrochimica Acta. - : Elsevier. - 0013-4686 .- 1873-3859. ; 332
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pt-supported on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and N-modified MWCNT (N-MWCNT) catalysts are synthesized by pyrolysis from emeraldine solution and microemulsion. Their electrochemical properties and carbon corrosion resistance in a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) are compared with a commercial Pt/Vulcan catalyst through I–V curves, cyclic voltammetry and CO stripping. The initial fuel cell performances of the Pt/(N-)MWCNT catalysts are superior to Pt/Vulcan. The corrosion of the catalysts is quantified by the continuous measure of the CO2 release by online-mass spectrometry during potentiodynamic cycling between 0.1 and 1.6 V at 80 °C. The results show that Pt/MWCNT (with the lowest double-layer capacity) is the most stable catalyst followed by Pt/N-MWCNT and Pt/Vulcan, initially losing carbon at a rate of 1.1, 3.4 and 4.7 μgC (mg Ctot)−1 cycle−1, respectively. After about 30% carbon loss (50–70 cycles) all catalysts corrode at an approximate rate of 5.5 μgC mg−1 cycle−1. At this stage, all show similar electrochemical surface area and double-layer capacity. However, the substantial diminution of the initially very thick and porous Pt/(N-)MWCNT catalyst layers after corrosion consequences in lower fuel cell performance compared to the structurally less affected Pt/Vulcan electrode. The results clearly reveal that CNT-based catalyst supports are more corrosion resistant compared to state-of-the-art Vulcan. Moreover, the performance of the corroded electrodes envisages the importance of electrode porosity.
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| 14. |
- Laine, Saara, et al.
(författare)
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Relationship between liver fat content and lifestyle factors in adults with metabolic syndrome
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - London : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between liver fat content (LFC), sedentary behaviour (SB), physical activity (PA), fitness, diet, body composition, and cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with metabolic syndrome. A total of 44 sedentary adults (mean age 58 [SD 7] years; 25 women) with overweight or obesity participated. LFC was assessed with magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging, SB and PA with hip-worn accelerometers (26 [SD 3] days), fitness by maximal bicycle ergometry, body composition by air displacement plethysmography and nutrient intake by 4-day food diaries. LFC was not independently associated with SB, PA or fitness. Adjusted for sex and age, LFC was associated with body fat%, body mass index, waist circumference, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase, and with insulin resistance markers. There was and inverse association between LFC and daily protein intake, which persisted after further adjusment with body fat%. LFC is positively associated with body adiposity and cardiometabolic risk factors, and inversely with daily protein intake. SB, habitual PA or fitness are not independent modulators of LFC. However, as PA is an essential component of healthy lifestyle, it may contribute to liver health indirectly through its effects on body composition in adults with metabolic syndrome. © 2022, The Author(s).
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| 15. |
- Norha, Jooa, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of reducing sedentary behavior on cardiorespiratory fitness in adults with metabolic syndrome : A 6-month RCT
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 33:8, s. 1452-1461
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction:Poor cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with adverse health outcomes. Previous observational and cross-sectional studies have suggested that reducing sedentary behavior (SB) might improve CRF. Therefore, we investigated the effects of a 6-month intervention of reducing SB on CRF in 64 sedentary inactive adults with metabolic syndrome in a non-blind randomized controlled trial.Materials and Methods:In the intervention group (INT, n = 33), the aim was to reduce SB by 1 h/day for 6 months without increasing exercise training. Control group (CON, n = 31) was instructed to maintain their habitual SB and physical activity. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was measured by maximal graded bicycle ergometer test with respiratory gas measurements. Physical activity and SB were measured during the whole intervention using accelerometers.Results:Reduction in SB did not improve VO2max statistically significantly (group × time p > 0.05). Maximal absolute power output (Wmax) did not improve significantly but increased in INT compared to CON when scaled to fat free mass (FFM) (at 6 months INT 1.54 [95% CI: 1.41, 1.67] vs. CON 1.45 [1.32, 1.59] Wmax/kgFFM, p = 0.036). Finally, the changes in daily step count correlated positively with the changes in VO2max scaled to body mass and FFM (r = 0.31 and 0.30, respectively, p < 0.05).Discussion:Reducing SB without adding exercise training does not seem to improve VO2max in adults with metabolic syndrome. However, succeeding in increasing daily step count may increase VO2max. © 2023 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science In Sports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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