| 1. |
- Aler Tubella, Andrea, 1990-, et al.
(författare)
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ACROCPoLis : a descriptive framework for making sense of fairness
- 2023
-
Ingår i: FAccT '23. - : ACM Digital Library. - 9781450372527 ; , s. 1014-1025
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fairness is central to the ethical and responsible development and use of AI systems, with a large number of frameworks and formal notions of algorithmic fairness being available. However, many of the fairness solutions proposed revolve around technical considerations and not the needs of and consequences for the most impacted communities. We therefore want to take the focus away from definitions and allow for the inclusion of societal and relational aspects to represent how the effects of AI systems impact and are experienced by individuals and social groups. In this paper, we do this by means of proposing the ACROCPoLis framework to represent allocation processes with a modeling emphasis on fairness aspects. The framework provides a shared vocabulary in which the factors relevant to fairness assessments for different situations and procedures are made explicit, as well as their interrelationships. This enables us to compare analogous situations, to highlight the differences in dissimilar situations, and to capture differing interpretations of the same situation by different stakeholders.
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| 2. |
- Amaral, Cleber Jorge, et al.
(författare)
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A Framework for Collaborative and Interactive Agent-oriented Developer Operations
- 2020
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Ingår i: AAMAS Proceedings 2020. - : ACM Digital Library. ; , s. 2092-2094
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Considering the increasing prevalence of autonomous systems in today's society, one could expect that agent-oriented programming (AOP) is gaining traction among mainstream software engineering practitioners. However, the tools and frameworks that are used and developed in the academic multi-agent systems engineering community struggle to keep up with recent developments in the software industry in regards to how complex information systems are developed and maintained. An important aspect of recent changes in software engineering practices is the application of technologies that support the increasingly fast iteration of a programming-testing-deployment cycle. Such approaches require intense collaboration that crosses boundaries between traditionally separated roles like software development, quality assurance, and operations; these approaches are often referred to as DevOps.
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| 3. |
- Amaral, Cleber Jorge, et al.
(författare)
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JaCaMo Builders : Team Description for the Multi-agent Programming Contest 2020/21
- 2021
-
Ingår i: The Multi-Agent Programming Contest 2021. - Cham : Springer Nature. - 9783030885496 - 9783030885489 ; , s. 134-157
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes the JaCaMo Builders team and its participation in the Multi-Agent Programming Contest 2020/21 based on the Agents Assemble II scenario. The paper presents the analysis of the scenario and design of the solution; the software architecture, including the tools used during the development of the team; the main strategies; and the results achieved by the team, with challenges and directions for future editions of the contest.
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| 4. |
- Amaral, Cleber Jorge, et al.
(författare)
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TDD for AOP : test-driven development for agent-oriented programming
- 2023
-
Ingår i: AAMAS '23. - : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 9781450394321 ; , s. 3038-3040
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This demonstration paper introduces native test-driven development capabilities that have been implemented in an agent-oriented programming language, in particular as extensions of AgentSpeak. We showcase how these capabilities can facilitate the testing and continuous integration of agents in JaCaMo multi-agent systems.
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| 5. |
- Amaral, Cleber Jorge, et al.
(författare)
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Towards Jacamo-rest: A Resource-Oriented Abstraction for Managing Multi-Agent Systems
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 14th Workshop-School on Agents, Environments, and Applications (WESAAC 2020). - Ponta Grossa : Universidade Tecknologica Federal do parana (UTFPR). ; , s. 140-151
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Multi-Agent Oriented Programming (MAOP) paradigm provides abstractions to model and implements entities of agents, as well as of their organisations and environments.In recent years, researchers have started to explore the integration of MAOP and the resource-oriented web architecture (REST).This paper further advances this line of research by presenting an ongoing work on jacamo-rest, a resource-oriented web-based abstraction for the multi-agent programming platform JaCaMo.Jacamo-rest takes Multi-Agent System (MAS) interoperability to a new level, enabling MAS to not only interact with services or applications of the World Wide Web but also to be managed and updated in their specifications by other applications.To add a developer interface to JaCaMo that is suitable for the Web, we provide a novel conceptual perspective on the management of MAOP specification entities as web resources.We tested jacamo-rest using it as a middleware of a programming interface application that provides modern software engineering facilities such as continuous deployments and iterative software development for MAS.
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| 6. |
- Anjomshoae, Sule, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
-
Py-CIU: A Python Library for Explaining Machine Learning Predictions Using Contextual Importance and Utility
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Proceedings.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this paper, we present the Py-CIU library, a generic Python tool for applying the Contextual Importance and Utility (CIU) explainable machine learning method. CIU uses concepts from decision theory to explain a machine learning model’s prediction specific to a given data point by investigating the importance and usefulness of individual features (or feature combinations) to a prediction. The explanations aim to be intelligible to machine learning experts as well as non-technical users. The library can be applied to any black-box model that outputs a prediction value for all classes
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Bergman, Arvid, et al.
(författare)
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BPMN2Constraints : breaking down BPMN diagrams into declarative process query constraints
- 2023
-
Ingår i: BPM 2023 best dissertation award, doctoral consortium, and demonstration & resources forum. - Aachen : Aachen University. ; , s. 137-141
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents BPMN2Constraints, a tool that compiles BPMN diagrams into sets of declarative constraints that can then, for example, be used for conformance checking. Notably, BPMN2Constraints does not rely on Petri net replay for generating the constraints; by generating constraints directly from a control flow graph extracted from the BPMN model, the tool avoids indirection. BPMN2Constraints can generate constraints in several languages: DECLARE, finite-trace linear temporal logic, and SIGNAL, a proprietary process querying language.
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| 9. |
- Brännström, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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A Formal Framework for Designing Boundedly Rational Agents
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence. - : SciTePress. - 9789897585470 ; , s. 705-714
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Notions of rationality and bounded rationality play important roles in research on the design and implementation of autonomous agents and multi-agent systems, for example in the context of instilling socially intelligent behavior into computing systems. However, the (formal) connection between artificial intelligence research on the design and implementation of boundedly rational and socially intelligent agents on the one hand and formal economic rationality – i.e., choice with clear and consistent preferences – or instrumental rationality – i.e., the maximization of a performance measure given an agent’s knowledge – on the other hand is weak. In this paper we address this shortcoming by introducing a formal framework for designing boundedly rational agents that systematically relax instrumental rationality, and we propose a system architecture for implementing such agents.
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| 10. |
- Brännström, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Towards Human-Aware Epistemic Planning For Promoting Behavior-Change
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Workshop Program.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper introduces an approach to human-aware epistemicplanning in which a rational intelligent agent plans its actionsfor encouraging a human to proceed in a social virtual real-ity (VR) environment. In order to persuade the human user toexecute specific actions, the agent adapts the virtual environ-ment by adjusting motivators in the environment. The agent’smodel of the human is based on the theory of planned behav-ior (TPB), a cognitive theory to explain and predict humanbehavior. The intelligent agent manipulates the environment,a process where the agent conducts epistemic actions, i.e.,adapting the environment and observing human responses, inorder to understand the human’s behavior and encourage hu-man actions. An action reasoning framework is introducedthat defines transitions between goal-oriented human activi-ties in the virtual scenario. The proposed human-aware plan-ning architecture can also be applied in environments that arenot virtual, by utilizing modern mobile devices which havebuilt-in sensors that measure motion, orientation, and variousenvironmental conditions.
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| 11. |
- Calbimonte, Jean-Paul, et al.
(författare)
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Autonomy in the age of knowledge graphs : vision and challenges
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Transactions on Graph Data and Knowledge. - Dagstuhl, Germany : Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik. ; 1:1, s. 13:1-13:22
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this position paper, we propose that Knowledge Graphs (KGs) are one of the prime approaches to support the programming of autonomous software systems at the knowledge level. From this viewpoint, we survey how KGs can support different dimensions of autonomy in such systems: For example, the autonomy of systems with respect to their environment, or with respect to organisations; and we discuss related practical and research challenges. We emphasise that KGs need to be able to support systems of autonomous software agents that are themselves highly heterogeneous, which limits how these systems may use KGs. Furthermore, these heterogeneous software agents may populate highly dynamic environments, which implies that they require adaptive KGs. The scale of the envisioned systems - possibly stretching to the size of the Internet - highlights the maintainability of the underlying KGs that need to contain large-scale knowledge, which requires that KGs are maintained jointly by humans and machines. Furthermore, autonomous agents require procedural knowledge, and KGs should hence be explored more towards the provisioning of such knowledge to augment autonomous behaviour. Finally, we highlight the importance of modelling choices, including with respect to the selected abstraction level when modelling and with respect to the provisioning of more expressive constraint languages.
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| 12. |
- Calvaresi, Davide, et al.
(författare)
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Ethical concerns and opportunities in binding intelligent systems and blockchain technology
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Highlights in practical applications of agents, multi-agent systems, and trust-worthiness. The PAAMS Collection. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030519988 - 9783030519995 ; , s. 5-16
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intelligent systems are becoming increasingly complex and pervade a broad range of application domains, including safety-critical systems such as e-health, finance, and energy management. Traditional approaches are no longer capable of addressing the demand for trust and transparency in these applications. Hence, the current decade is demanding intelligent systems to be autonomous, and in particular explainable, transparent, and trustworthy. To satisfy such requirements, and therefore to comply with the recent EU regulations in the matter (e.g., GDPR), intelligent systems (e.g., Multi-Agent Systems - MAS) and technologies enabling tamper-proof and distributed consensus (e.g., Blockchain Technology - BCT) are conveying into reconciling solutions. Recently, the empowerment of MAS with BCT (and the use of BCT themselves) has gained considerable momentum, raising challenges, and unveiling opportunities. However, several ethical concerns have yet to be faced. This paper elaborates on the entanglement among ethical and technological challenges while proposing and discussing approaches that address these emerging research opportunities.
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| 13. |
- Čyras, Kristijonas, et al.
(författare)
-
Dispute Trees as Explanations in Quantitative (Bipolar) Argumentation
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Argumentation for eXplainable AI. - : CEUR-WS.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present an approach to explaining inference in Quantitative Bipolar Argumentation Graphs (QBAGs):we propose the notion of a Quantitative Dispute Tree (QDT) that effectively collects the QBAG’s directed paths between a topic argument and its children, labelled as proponent and opponent. A QDT is intended to be interpreted as a dispute that is sufficient to establish the direction of the change of strength of the topic argument. We propose to define pro and con arguments by using contribution functions that quantify a given argument’s contribution to the strength of another argument. We advance some principles for contribution functions as well as gradual semantics to ensure some reasonable properties of QDTs.
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| 14. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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A comprehensive account of the burden of persuasion in abstract argumentation
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of logic and computation (Print). - : Oxford University Press. - 0955-792X .- 1465-363X. ; 33:2, s. 257-288
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we provide a formal framework for modeling the burden of persuasion in legal reasoning. The framework is based on abstract argumentation, a frequently studied method of non-monotonic reasoning, and can be applied to different argumentation semantics; it supports burdens of persuasion with arbitrary many levels, and allows for the placement of a burden of persuasion on any subset of an argumentation framework’s arguments. Our framework can be considered an extension of related works that raise questions on how burdens of persuasion should be handled in some conflict scenarios that can be modeled with abstract argumentation. An open source software implementation of the introduced formal notions is available as an extension of an argumentation reasoning library. A theoretical analysis shows that our approach can be generalized to a novel method for the preference-based selection of extensions from argumentation frameworks.
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| 15. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
Abstract argumentation and the rational man
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of logic and computation (Print). - : Oxford University Press. - 0955-792X .- 1465-363X. ; 31:2, s. 654-699
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract argumentation has emerged as a method for non-monotonic reasoning that has gained popularity in the symbolic artificial intelligence community. In the literature, the different approaches to abstract argumentation that were refined over the years are typically evaluated from a formal logics perspective; an analysis that is based on models of economically rational decision-making does not exist. In this paper, we work towards addressing this issue by analysing abstract argumentation from the perspective of the rational man paradigm in microeconomic theory. To assess under which conditions abstract argumentation-based decision-making can be considered economically rational, we derive reference independence as a non-monotonic inference property from a formal model of economic rationality and create a new argumentation principle that ensures compliance with this property. We then compare the reference independence principle with other reasoning principles, in particular with cautious monotony and rational monotony. We show that the argumentation semantics as proposed in Dung’s seminal paper, as well as other semantics we evaluate, with the exception of naive semantics and the SCC-recursive CF2 semantics, violate the reference independence principle. Consequently, we investigate how structural properties of argumentation frameworks impact the reference independence principle and identify cyclic expansions (both even and odd cycles) as the root of the problem. Finally, we put reference independence into the context of preference-based argumentation and show that for this argumentation variant, which explicitly models preferences, reference independence cannot be ensured in a straight-forward manner.
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| 16. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
Agent-based Business Process Orchestration for IoT
- 2019
-
Ingår i: WI '19 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence. - New York : ACM Press. - 9781450369343 ; , s. 393-397
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The so-called Internet of Things is of increasing importance for facilitating productivity across industries, i.e., by connecting sensors with manufacturing lines and IT system landscapes with an increasing degree of autonomy. In this context, a common challenge is enabling reasonable trade-offs between structure and control on the one hand and flexibility and human-like intelligent behavior on the other hand. To address this challenge, we establish the need for and requirements of a hybrid IoT-/agent-based business process orchestration architecture that utilizes open standards. We propose a four-layered architecture, which integrates autonomous agents and business process orchestration for IoT/agents, and provide a running example for a supply chain management (purchasing) use case.
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| 17. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
Autonomous agents on the Edge of things
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, AAMAS. - : International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (IFAAMAS). - 9781450383073 ; , s. 1767-1769
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes a demonstration setup that integrates cognitive agents with the latest W3C standardization efforts for the Web of Things (WoT). The conceptual foundations of the implemented system are the integration of cognitive agent abstractions with W3C Web Things, which are generic abstractions of devices and virtual services that provide agents with various interaction affordances (e.g., actions, events). Together with the W3C WoT Scripting API, which is an ECMAScript-compatible API for W3C WoT environments, these standards allowJavaScript-based agents to be deployed and to operate in heterogeneous WoT environments. The agents can then be effectively distributed across the physical-virtual space in a write once, run anywhere manner: we deploy agents across a heterogeneous information system landscape that includes Web servers, browser-based front-ends, and constrained devices (microcontrollers). The deployment only requires minor platform-specific adjustments to consider resource and performance limitations on constrained devices. As a running example, we demonstrate a semiautonomous assembly scenario with human-in-the-loop support.
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| 18. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
Change in quantitative bipolar argumentation : sufficient, necessary, and counterfactual explanations
- 2024
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Approximate Reasoning. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0888-613X .- 1873-4731. ; 164
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a formal approach to explaining change of inference in Quantitative Bipolar Argumentation Frameworks (QBAFs). When drawing conclusions from a QBAF and updating the QBAF to then again draw conclusions (and so on), our approach traces changes – which we call strength inconsistencies – in the partial order over argument strengths that a semantics establishes on some arguments of interest, called topic arguments. We trace the causes of strength inconsistencies to specific arguments, which then serve as explanations. We identify sufficient, necessary, and counterfactual explanations for strength inconsistencies and show that strength inconsistency explanations exist if and only if an update leads to strength inconsistency. We define a heuristic-based approach to facilitate the search for strength inconsistency explanations, for which we also provide an implementation.
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| 19. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
Coercion and deception in persuasive technologies
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 20th International Trust Workshop. - : CEUR-WS. ; , s. 38-49
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Technologies that shape human behavior are of high societal relevance, both when considering their current impact and their future potential. In information systems research and in behavioral psychology, such technologies are typically referred to as persuasive technologies. Traditional definitions like the ones created by Fogg, and Harjumaa and Oinas-Kukkonen, respectively, limit the scope of persuasive technology to non-coercive, non-deceptive technologies that are explicitly designed for persuasion. In this paper we analyze existing technologies that blur the line between persuasion, deception,and coercion. Based on the insights of the analysis, we lay down an updated definition of persuasive technologies that includes coercive and deceptive forms of persuasion. Our definition also accounts for persuasive functionality that was not designed by the technology developers. We argue that this definition will help highlight ethical and societal challenges related to technologies that shape human behavior and encourage research that solves problems with technology-driven persuasion. Finally, we suggest multidisciplinary research that can help address the challenges our definition implies. The suggestions we provide range from empirical studies to multi-agent system theory.
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| 20. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-
(författare)
-
Consistency Principles for Sequential Abstract Argumentation
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Online Handbook of Argumentation for AI. - : ArXiv. ; , s. 22-26
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a principle-based perspective on ensuring consistency in sequential abstract argumentation, in which an abstract argumentation framework is iteratively resolved by determining its extensions and then (normally) expanded by adding new arguments and attacks (without changing attacks between existing arguments). As a starting point, we take reference independence – a key property in microeconomic theory – and derive an abstract argumentation principle from it to (roughly) stipulate that “if no new argument is accepted our conclusion remains the same”. Moreover, we introduce the cautious monotony principle, which can be colloquialized as “if no new argument at- tacks our conclusion we do not reject any part of this conclusion”. Cautious monotony is satisfied by some admissible set-based semantics and is not well-aligned with naive set-based seman- tics, whereas reference independence is satisfied by at least one of the naive set-based semantics (CF2 semantics), but is not well-aligned with the notion of admissibility.
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| 21. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
Contribution functions for quantitative bipolar argumentation graphs : a principle-based analysis
- 2024
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Approximate Reasoning. - : Elsevier. - 0888-613X .- 1873-4731. ; 173
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a principle-based analysis of contribution functions for quantitative bipolar argumentation graphs that quantify the contribution of one argument to another. The introduced principles formalise the intuitions underlying different contribution functions as well as expectations one would have regarding the behaviour of contribution functions in general. As none of the covered contribution functions satisfies all principles, our analysis can serve as a tool that enables the selection of the most suitable function based on the requirements of a given use case.
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| 22. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
Developer operations and engineering multi-agent systems
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Engineering multi-Agent systems. - Cham : Springer Nature. - 9783030974572 - 9783030974565 ; , s. 175-186
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we propose the integration of approaches to Engineering Multi-Agent Systems (EMAS) with the Developer Operations (DevOps) industry best practice. Whilst DevOps facilitates the organizational autonomy of software teams, as well as the technological automation of testing, deployment, and operations pipelines, EMAS and the agent-oriented programming paradigm help instill autonomy into software artifacts. We discuss the benefits of integrating DevOps and EMAS, for example by highlighting the need for agent-oriented abstractions for quality assurance and test automation approaches. More generally, we introduce an agent-oriented perspective on the DevOps life-cycle and list a range of research challenges that are relevant for the integration of the DevOps and EMAS perspectives.
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| 23. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-
(författare)
-
Economic rationality and abstract argumentation
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Online handbook of argumentation for AI. - : arXiv. ; , s. 7-11
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents a line of work that builds a bridge between abstract argumentation as a method of non-monotonic reasoning and formal models of economically rational decision-making. As the foundation of this bridge, we introduce the reference independence principle, which is a key property of economic rationality, to abstract argumentation. We relate this principle to principles of non-monotonic reasoning and, from this starting point, outline a set of research directions we are pursuing to better integrate abstract argumentation and models of economic rationality.
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| 24. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-
(författare)
-
Empathic agents : A hybrid normative/consequentialistic approach
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and MultiAgent Systems. - : ACM Digital Library. - 9781450363099 ; , s. 2423-2425
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Complex information systems operate with increasing degrees of autonomy. Consequently, such systems should not only optimize for simple metrics (like clicks and views) that reflect the system provider's preferences but also consider norms or rules, as well as the preferences of other agents that are affected by the systems' actions. As a means to achieve such behavior, we propose the design and development of empathic agents that use a mixed rule/utility-based approach when deciding on how to act, considering both their own and others' utility functions. The agents make use of formal argumentation to reach an agreement on how to act in case of inconsistent beliefs. A promising domain for applying our empathic agents is recommender systems.
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| 25. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
Empathic autonomous agents
- 2019. - 6
-
Ingår i: Engineering multi-agent systems. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030256937 - 9783030256920 ; , s. 181-201
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Identifying and resolving conflicts of interests is a key challenge when designing autonomous agents. For example, such conflicts often occur when complex information systems interact persuasively with humans and are in the future likely to arise in non-human agent-to-agent interaction. We introduce a theoretical framework for an empathic autonomous agent that proactively identifies potential conflicts of interests in interactions with other agents (and humans) by considering their utility functions and comparing them with its own preferences using a system of shared values to find a solution all agents consider acceptable. To illustrate how empathic autonomous agents work, we provide running examples and a simple prototype implementation in a general-purpose programing language. To give a high-level overview of our work, we propose a reasoning-loop architecture for our empathic agent.
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| 26. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
Ensuring reference independence and cautious monotony in abstract argumentation
- 2022
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Approximate Reasoning. - : Elsevier. - 0888-613X .- 1873-4731. ; 140, s. 173-210
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the symbolic artificial intelligence community, abstract argumentation with its semantics, i.e. approaches for defining sets of valid conclusions (extensions) that can be derived from argumentation graphs, is considered a promising method for non-monotonic reasoning. However, from a sequential perspective, abstract argumentation-based decision-making processes typically do not guarantee an alignment with common formal notions to assess consistency; in particular, abstract argumentation can, in itself, not enforce the satisfaction of relational principles such as reference independence (based on a key principle of microeconomic theory) and cautious monotony. In this paper, we address this issue by introducing different approaches to ensuring reference independence and cautious monotony in sequential argumentation: a reductionist, an expansionist, and an extension-selecting approach. The first two approaches are generically applicable, but may require comprehensive changes to the corresponding argumentation framework. In contrast, the latter approach guarantees that an extension of the corresponding argumentation framework can be selected to satisfy the relational principle by requiring that the used argumentation semantics is weakly reference independent or weakly cautiously monotonous, respectively, and also satisfies some additional straightforward principles. To highlight the relevance of the approach, we illustrate how the extension-selecting approach to reference independent argumentation can be applied to model (boundedly) rational economic decision-making.
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| 27. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
Event log generation : an industry perspective
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Enterprise, business-process and information systems modeling. - Cham : Springer. - 9783031074752 - 9783031074745 ; , s. 123-136
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the results of an industry expert survey about event log generation in process mining. It takes academic assumptions as a starting point and elicits practitioner’s assessments of statements about process execution, process scoping, process discovery, and process analysis. The results of the survey shed some light on challenges and perspectives around event log generation, as well as on the relationship between process models and process execution, and derive challenges for event log generation from it. The responses indicate that particularly relevant challenges exist around data integration and quality, and that process mining can benefit from a systematic integration with more traditional and wide-spread business intelligence approaches.
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| 28. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
Explainable Reasoning in Face of Contradictions : From Humans to Machines
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Explainable and Transparent AI and Multi-Agent Systems. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030820176 - 9783030820169 ; , s. 280-295
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A well-studied trait of human reasoning and decision-making is the ability to not only make decisions in the presence of contradictions, but also to explain why a decision was made, in particular if a decision deviates from what is expected by an inquirer who requests the explanation. In this paper, we examine this phenomenon, which has been extensively explored by behavioral economics research, from the perspective of symbolic artificial intelligence. In particular, we introduce four levels of intelligent reasoning in face of contradictions, which we motivate from a microeconomics and behavioral economics perspective. We relate these principles to symbolic reasoning approaches, using abstract argumentation as an exemplary method. This allows us to ground the four levels in a body of related previous and ongoing research, which we use as a point of departure for outlining future research directions.
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| 29. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
Explaining change in quantitative bipolar argumentation
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Computational models of argument. - : IOS Press. - 9781643683065 - 9781643683072 ; , s. 188-199
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a formal approach to explaining change of inference in Quantitative Bipolar Argumentation Frameworks (QBAFs). When drawing conclusions from a QBAF and updating the QBAF to then again draw conclusions (and so on), our approach traces changes – which we call strength inconsistencies – in the partial order that a semantics establishes on the arguments in the QBAFs. We trace the strength inconsistencies to specific arguments, which then serve as explanations. We identify both sufficient and counterfactual explanations for strength inconsistencies and show that our approach guarantees that explanation arguments exist if and only if an update leads to strength inconsistency.
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| 30. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
Explaining Sympathetic Actions of Rational Agents
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Explainable, Transparent Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030303914 ; , s. 59-76
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Typically, humans do not act purely rationally in the sense of classic economic theory. Different patterns of human actions have been identified that are not aligned with the traditional view of human actors as rational agents that act to maximize their own utility function. For instance, humans often act sympathetically -- i.e., they choose actions that serve others in disregard of their egoistic preferences. Even if there is no immediate benefit resulting from a sympathetic action, it can be beneficial for the executing individual in the long run. This paper builds upon the premise that it can be beneficial to design autonomous agents that employ sympathetic actions in a similar manner as humans do. We create a taxonomy of sympathetic actions, that reflects different goal types an agent can have to act sympathetically. To ensure that the sympathetic actions are recognized as such, we propose different explanation approaches autonomous agents may use. In this context, we focus on human-agent interaction scenarios. As a first step towards an empirical evaluation, we conduct a preliminary human-robot interaction study that investigates the effect of explanations of (somewhat) sympathetic robot actions on the human participants of human-robot ultimatum games. While the study does not provide statistically significant findings (but notable differences), it can inform future in-depth empirical evaluations.
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| 31. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
Explanations of Non-monotonic Inference in Admissibility-Based Abstract Argumentation
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Logic and Argumentation. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030893910 - 9783030893903 ; , s. 209-223
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we introduce a formal framework for explaining change of inference in abstract argumentation, in particular in the context of iteratively drawing inferences from a sequence of normal expansions, with a focus on admissible set-based semantics. We then conduct a formal analysis, showing that given an initial argumentation framework and an extension that has been inferred from it, we can guarantee the existence of explanation arguments for the violation of monotony when inferring an extension from a normal expansion of the initial argumentation framework.
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| 32. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-
(författare)
-
Formal models of bounded rationality for autonomous agents
- 2020
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A key challenge when developing intelligent agents is to instill behavior into computing systems that can be considered as intelligent from a social and "common-sense" perspective. Such behavior requires agents to diverge from typical decision-making algorithms that strive to maximize simple, often one-dimensional metrics. A striking parallel to this research problem can be found in the design of formal models of human decision-making in micro-economic theory. Traditionally, mathematical models of human decision-making also reflect the ambition to maximize a utility or preference function, which economists refer to as the rational man paradigm. However, evidence suggest that these models are flawed, not only because human decision-making is subject to systematic fallacies, but also because the models depend on assumptions that do not hold in reality. Consequently, the research domain of formally modeling bounded rationality emerged, which attempts to account for these shortcomings. By drawing from these developments in micro-economic theory, this thesis explores different novel approaches to instill common sense-based, socially intelligent decision-making abilities into autonomous agents. In particular, the works collected in this thesis i) present formal models of boundedly altruistic decision-making and consensus-finding, ii) introduce a library for implementing web-based autonomous agents, iii) explore the effects of explanations on the human intelligibility of machine concessions in economic games, and iv) analyze economic rationality as a non-monotonic reasoning property in the context of abstract argumentation.
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| 33. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
Governance of autonomous agents on the web : challenges and opportunities
- 2022
-
Ingår i: ACM Transactions on Internet Technology. - : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 1533-5399 .- 1557-6051. ; 22:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study of autonomous agents has a long tradition in the Multiagent Systems and the Semantic Web communities, with applications ranging from automating business processes to personal assistants. More recently, the Web of Things (WoT), which is an extension of the Internet of Things (IoT) with metadata expressed in Web standards, and its community provide further motivation for pushing the autonomous agents research agenda forward. Although representing and reasoning about norms, policies and preferences is crucial to ensuring that autonomous agents act in a manner that satisfies stakeholder requirements, normative concepts, policies and preferences have yet to be considered as first-class abstractions in Web-based multiagent systems. Towards this end, this paper motivates the need for alignment and joint research across the Multiagent Systems, Semantic Web, and WoT communities, introduces a conceptual framework for governance of autonomous agents on the Web, and identifies several research challenges and opportunities.
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| 34. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
Implementing Argumentation-enabled Empathic Agents
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Multi-Agent Systems. - Cham : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783030141745 ; , s. 140-155
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a previous publication, we introduced the core concepts of empathic agents as agents that use a combination of utility-based and rule-based approaches to resolve conflicts when interacting with other agents in their environment. In this work, we implement proof-of-concept prototypes of empathic agents with the multi-agent systems development framework Jason and apply argumentation theory to extend the previously introduced concepts to account for inconsistencies between the beliefs of different agents. We then analyze the feasibility of different admissible set-based argumentation semantics to resolve these inconsistencies. As a result of the analysis we identify the maximal ideal extension as the most feasible argumentation semantics for the problem in focus.
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| 35. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
Integrating Multi-agent Simulations into Enterprise Application Landscapes
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Highlights of Practical Applications of Survivable Agents and Multi-Agent Systems. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783030242985 - 9783030242992 ; , s. 100-111
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To cope with increasingly complex business, political, and economic environments, agent-based simulations (ABS) have been proposed for modeling complex systems such as human societies, transport systems, and markets. ABS enable experts to assess the influence of exogenous parameters (e.g., climate changes or stock market prices), as well as the impact of policies and their long-term consequences. Despite some successes, the use of ABS is hindered by a set of interrelated factors. First, ABS are mainly created and used by researchers and experts in academia and specialized consulting firms. Second, the results of ABS are typically not automatically integrated into the corresponding business process. Instead, the integration is undertaken by human users who are responsible for adjusting the implemented policy to take into account the results of the ABS. These limitations are exacerbated when the results of the ABS affect multi-party agreements (e.g., contracts) since this requires all involved actors to agree on the validity of the simulation, on how and when to take its results into account, and on how to split the losses/gains caused by these changes. To address these challenges, this paper explores the integration of ABS into enterprise application landscapes. In particular, we present an architecture that integrates ABS into cross-organizational enterprise resource planning (ERP) processes. As part of this, we propose a multi-agent systems simulator for the Hyperledger blockchain and describe an example supply chain management scenario type to illustrate the approach.
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| 36. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
JS-son : A Lean, Extensible JavaScript Agent Programming Library
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Engineering Multi-Agent Systems. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030514167 - 9783030514174 ; , s. 215-234
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A multitude of agent-oriented software engineering frameworks exist, most of which are developed by the academic multi-agent systems community. However, these frameworks often impose programming paradigms on their users that are challenging to learn for engineers who are used to modern high-level programming languages such as JavaScript and Python. To show how the adoption of agent-oriented programming by the software engineering mainstream can be facilitated, we provide a lean JavaScript library prototype for implementing reasoning-loop agents. The library focuses on core agent programming concepts and refrains from imposing further restrictions on the programming approach. To illustrate its usefulness, we show how the library can be applied to multi-agent systems simulations on the web, deployed to cloud-hosted function-as-a-service environments, and embedded in Python-based data science tools.
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| 37. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
JS-son - A Minimal JavaScript BDI Agent Library
- 2019
-
Ingår i: EMAS 2019. - : Centre for Autonomous systems technology, University of Liverpool.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is a multitude of agent-oriented software engineering frame-works available, most of them produced by the academic multi-agent systemscommunity. However, these frameworks often impose programming paradigmson their users that are hard to learn for engineers who are used to modern high-level programming languages such as JavaScript and Python. To show how theadoption of agent-oriented programming by the software engineering mainstreamcan be facilitated, we provide an early, simplistic JavaScript library prototype forimplementing belief-desire-intention (BDI) agents. The library focuses on thecore BDI concepts and refrains from imposing further restrictions on the pro-gramming approach. To illustrate its usefulness, we demonstrate how the librarycan be used for multi-agent systems simulations on the web, as well as embeddedin Python-based data science tools.
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| 38. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-
(författare)
-
Kettle logic in abstract argumentation
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Journal of logic and computation (Print). - : Oxford University Press. - 0955-792X .- 1465-363X. ; 34:3, s. 528-556
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Kettle logic is a colloquial term that describes an agent’s advancement of inconsistent arguments in order to defeat a particular claim. Intuitively, a consistent subset of the advanced arguments should exist that is at least as successful at refuting the claim as the advancement of the set of inconsistent arguments. In this paper, we formalize this intuition and provide a formal analysis of kettle logic in abstract argumentation, a fundamental approach to computational argumentation, showing that all of the analysed abstract argumentation semantics (inference functions)—with the exception of naive semantics, which is considered a mere simplistic helper for the construction of other semantics—suffer from kettle logic. We also provide an approach to mitigating kettle logic under some circumstances. The key findings presented in this paper highlight that agents that apply the inference functions of abstract argumentation, are—similarly to humans—receptive to persuasion by agents who deliberately advance inconsistent and intuitively ‘illogical’ claims. As abstract argumentation can be considered one of the most basic models of computational argumentation, this raises the question to what extent and under what circumstances kettle logic-free argumentation can and should be enforced by computational means.
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| 39. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
MAS-Aided Approval for Bypassing Decentralized Processes : an Architecture
- 2018
-
Ingår i: 2018 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence (WI). - : IEEE Computer Society. - 9781538673256 ; , s. 713-718
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Executing business processes in a decentralized manner can improve inter-organizational efficacy. For example, blockchain-based process execution allows, at least conceptually, for cross-organizational compatibility, data integration, and integrity assurance without the need for a centralized trusted operator. However, most business processes run in agile and rapidly changing business environments. Updating a decentralized process requires continuous and extensive consensus-building efforts. Reflecting all organizations' business requirements is hardly practicable. Hence, in many real-life scenarios, to support cases with initially unforeseen properties, organizations can allow to bypass the decentralized process and fall-back to local variants. Yet, the decision to bypass or update a given process can have significant social implications since it may encourage a social dynamic that encourages collective avoidance of the decentralized process. This paper proposes a multi-agent simulation system to assess the social consequences of approving a bypass under given conditions. The proposed simulation is intended to inform the decision-maker (human or machine) on whether to allow to bypass a process or not. Moreover, we present an architecture for the integration of multi-agent simulation system, local process engine, and decentralized process execution environment, and describe a possible implementation with a particular tool chain.
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| 40. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
Norms and Policies for Agents on the Web
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Autonomous Agents on the Web Dagstuhl (Dagstuhl Seminar 21072). - Germany : Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, Dagstuhl Publishing. ; , s. 88-98
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The study of policies and norms has a long tradition in the Semantic Web & Linked Data and Multi-Agent Systems communities, with applications ranging from business processes, and legal reasoning, to information systems governance. Although representing and reasoning about norms is crucial in ensuring that autonomous agents act in a manner to satisfy stake- holder requirements, normative concepts have yet to be considered as first-class abstractions in Web-based software systems. The chapter motivates the practical need to apply research on policies and norms to autonomous agents on the Web, and highlights research challenges and opportunities at the intersection of the Semantic Web & Linked Data, Multi-Agent Systems, and Web Architecture & Web of Things communities.
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| 41. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-
(författare)
-
Principle-based non-monotonic reasoning - from humans to machines
- 2022
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A key challenge when developing intelligent agents is to instill behavior into computing systems that can be considered as intelligent from a common-sense perspective. Such behavior requires agents to diverge from typical decision-making algorithms that strive to maximize simple and often one-dimensional metrics. A striking parallel to this research problemcan be found in the design of formal models of human decision-making in microeconomic theory. Traditionally, mathematical models of human decision-making also reflect the ambition to maximize expected utility or a preference function, which economists refer to as the rational man paradigm. However, evidence suggests that these models are flawed, not only because human decision-making is subject to systematic fallacies, but also because the models depend on assumptions that do not hold in reality. Consequently, the research domain of formally modeling bounded rationality emerged, which attempts to account for these shortcomings by systematically relaxing the mathematical constraints of the formal model of economic rationality. Similarly, in the field of symbolic reasoning, approaches have emerged to systematically relax the notion of monotony of entailment, which stipulates (colloquially speaking) that when inferring a set of statements from a knowledge base, the addition of new knowledge to the knowledge base must not lead to the rejection of any of the previously inferred statements.By drawing from these developments in microeconomic theory and symbolic reasoning, this thesis explores different principle-based approaches to decision-making and non-monotonic reasoning. Thereby, abstract argumentation is used as a fundamental method for reasoning in face of conflicting knowledge (or: beliefs) that reduces non-monotonic reasoning to the problem of drawing conclusions (extensions) from a directed graph, and hence provides a neat abstraction for theoretical exploration. In particular, the works collected in this thesis i) introduce the consistent preferences property of microeconomic theory, as well as some relaxed forms of monotony of entailment as mathematical principles to abstract argumentation-based inference; ii) show how to enforce some of these principles in dynamic environments; iii) devise a formal approach to maximize monotony of entailment, given the constraints imposed by an inference function; iv) extend and apply the aforementioned approaches to the domains of machine reasoning explainability and legal reasoning.
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| 42. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
Simulating, Off-Chain and On-Chain : Agent-Based Simulations in Cross-Organizational Business Processes
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Information. - Basel : MDPI. - 2078-2489. ; 11:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Information systems execute increasingly complex business processes, often across organizations. Blockchain technology has emerged as a potential facilitator of (semi)-autonomous cross-organizational business process execution; in particular, so-called consortium blockchains can be considered as promising enablers in this context, as they do not require the use of cryptocurrency-based blockchain technology, as long as the trusted (authenticated) members of the network are willing to provide computing resources for consensus-finding. However, increased autonomy in the execution of business processes also requires the delegation of business decisions to machines. To support complex decision-making processes by assessing potential future outcomes, agent-based simulations can be considered a useful tool for the autonomous enterprise. In this paper, we explore the intersection of multi-agent simulations and consortium blockchain technology in the context of enterprise applications by devising architectures and technology stacks for both off-chain and on-chain agent-based simulation in the context of blockchain-based business process execution.
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| 43. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
Technology-facilitated Societal Consensus
- 2019
-
Ingår i: UMAP'19 Adjunct. - Larnaca, Cyprus : ACM Digital Library. - 9781450367110 ; , s. 3-7
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The spread of radical opinions, facilitated by homophilic Internet communities (echo chambers), has become a threat to the stability of societies around the globe. The concept of choice architecture-the design of choice information for consumers with the goal of facilitating societally beneficial decisions-provides a promising (although not uncontroversial) general concept to address this problem. The choice architecture approach is reflected in recent proposals advocating for recommender systems that consider the societal impact of their recommendations and not only strive to optimize revenue streams. However, the precise nature of the goal state such systems should work towards remains an open question. In this paper, we suggest that this goal state can be defined by considering target opinion spread in a society on different topics of interest as a multivariate normal distribution; i.e., while there is a diversity of opinions, most people have similar opinions on most topics. We explain why this approach is promising, and list a set of cross-disciplinary research challenges that need to be solved to advance the idea.
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| 44. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
The Burden of Persuasion in Abstract Argumentation
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Logic and Argumentation. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030893910 - 9783030893903 ; , s. 224-243
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we provide a formal framework for modeling the burden of persuasion in legal reasoning. The framework is based on abstract argumentation, a frequently studied method of non-monotonic reasoning, and can be applied to different argumentation semantics; it supports burdens of persuasion with arbitrary many levels, and allows for the placement of a burden of persuasion on any subset of an argumentation framework's arguments. Our framework can be considered an extension of related works that raise questions on how burdens of persuasion should be handled in some conflict scenarios that can be modeled with abstract argumentation. An open source software implementation of the introduced formal notions is available as an extension of an argumentation reasoning library.
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| 45. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
The Degrees of Monotony-Dilemma in Abstract Argumentation
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Symbolic and Quantitative Approaches to Reasoning with Uncertainty. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030867720 - 9783030867713 ; , s. 89-102
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we introduce the notion of the degree of monotony to abstract argumentation, a well-established method for drawing inferences in face of conflicts in non-monotonic reasoning. Roughly speaking, the degree of monotony allows us, given an abstract argumentation semantics and an abstract argumentation framework to be as monotonic as possible, when iteratively drawing inferences and expanding the argumentation framework. However, we also show that when expanding an argumentation framework several times using so-called normal expansions, an agent may, at any given step, select a conclusion that has the highest degree of monotony w.r.t. the previous conclusion (considering the constraints of the semantics), but end up with a conclusion that has a suboptimal degree of monotony w.r.t. one or several conclusions that precede the previous conclusion. We formalize this observation as the degrees of monotony-dilemma.
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| 46. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
Toward consistent agreement approximation in abstract argumentation and beyond
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, AAMAS. - : International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (IFAAMAS). - 9781450383073 ; , s. 1551-1553
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In cooperative human decision-making, agreements are often not total; a partial degree of agreement is sufficient to commit to a decision and move on, as long as one is somewhat confident that the involved parties are likely to stand by their commitment in the future, given no drastic unexpected changes. In this work, we introduce models that allow autonomous agents to reach such agreements, using abstract argumentation as the underlying model.
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| 47. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
Towards DiArg : An Argumentation-based Dialogue Reasoning Engine
- 2020
-
Ingår i: SAFA 2020: Systems and Algorithms for Formal Argumentation 2020. - : Technical University of Aachen. ; , s. 14-21
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents ongoing work on the implementation of the DiArg argumentation-based reasoning engine that focuses on automating sequential argumentation for inquiry and deliberation dialogues. The engine uses abstract argumentation in its core and implements a meta-layer to support argument context and enforce the consistency of inferences in compliance with the cautious monotony and reference independence principles. In addition, DiArg can enforce expansion properties of an argumentation framework w.r.t. its predecessors in an argumentation framework sequence.
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| 48. |
- Kampik, Timotheus, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
Towards empathic autonomous agents
- 2018
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Identifying and resolving conflicts of interests is a key challenge when designing autonomous agents. For example, such conflicts often occur when complex information systems interact persuasively with humans and are in the future likely to arise in non-human agent-to-agent interaction. We work towards a theoretical framework for an empathic autonomous agent that proactively identifies potential conflicts of interests in interactions with other agents (and humans) byl earning their utility functions and comparing them with its own preferences using a system of shared values to find a solution all agents consider acceptable.To provide a high-level overview of our work, we propose a reasoning-loop architecture to address the problem in focus. To realize specific components of the architecture, we suggest applying existing concepts in argumentation and utility theory. Reinforcement learning methods can be used by the agent to learn from and interact with its environment.
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| 49. |
- Kilic, Kaan, et al.
(författare)
-
Argument-based human–AI collaboration for supporting behavior change to improve health
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2624-8212. ; 6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents an empirical requirement elicitation study for an argumentation-based digital companion for supporting behavior change, whose ultimate goal is the promotion and facilitation of healthy behavior. The study was conducted with non-expert users as well as with health experts and was in part supported by the development of prototypes. It focuses on human-centric aspects, in particular user motivations, as well as on expectations and perceptions regarding the role and interaction behavior of a digital companion. Based on the results of the study, a framework for person tailoring the agent's roles and behaviors, and argumentation schemes are proposed. The results indicate that the extent to which a digital companion argumentatively challenges or supports a user's attitudes and chosen behavior and how assertive and provocative the companion is may have a substantial and individualized effect on user acceptance, as well as on the effects of interacting with the digital companion. More broadly, the results shed some initial light on the perception of users and domain experts of “soft,” meta-level aspects of argumentative dialogue, indicating potential for future research.
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| 50. |
- Klievtsova, Nataliia, et al.
(författare)
-
Conversational process modelling : state of the art, applications, and implications in practice
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Business Process Management Forum. - : Springer Nature. - 9783031416224 - 9783031416231 ; , s. 319-336
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chatbots such as ChatGPT have caused tremendous hype lately. For BPM applications, it is often not clear how to apply chatbots to generate business value. Hence, this work aims at the systematic analysis of existing chatbots for their support of conversational process modelling as a process-oriented capability. Application scenarios are identified along the process life cycle. Then a systematic literature review on conversational process modelling is performed. The resulting taxonomy serves as input for the identification of application scenarios for conversational process modelling, including paraphrasing and improvement of process descriptions. The application scenarios are evaluated for existing chatbots based on a real-world test set from the higher education domain. It contains process descriptions as well as corresponding process models, together with an assessment of the model quality. Based on the literature and application scenario analyses, recommendations for the usage (practical implications) and further development (research directions) of conversational process modelling are derived.
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