| 1. |
- Niemi, MEK, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 2. |
- Kanai, M, et al.
(författare)
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- 2023
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 3. |
- Lind, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)
- 2021
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Ingår i: eLife. - : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions.
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| 4. |
- Mishra, A, et al.
(författare)
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Diminishing benefits of urban living for children and adolescents' growth and development
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4687 .- 0028-0836. ; 615:7954, s. 874-883
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optimal growth and development in childhood and adolescence is crucial for lifelong health and well-being1–6. Here we used data from 2,325 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight from 71 million participants, to report the height and body-mass index (BMI) of children and adolescents aged 5–19 years on the basis of rural and urban place of residence in 200 countries and territories from 1990 to 2020. In 1990, children and adolescents residing in cities were taller than their rural counterparts in all but a few high-income countries. By 2020, the urban height advantage became smaller in most countries, and in many high-income western countries it reversed into a small urban-based disadvantage. The exception was for boys in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and in some countries in Oceania, south Asia and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa. In these countries, successive cohorts of boys from rural places either did not gain height or possibly became shorter, and hence fell further behind their urban peers. The difference between the age-standardized mean BMI of children in urban and rural areas was <1.1 kg m–2 in the vast majority of countries. Within this small range, BMI increased slightly more in cities than in rural areas, except in south Asia, sub-Saharan Africa and some countries in central and eastern Europe. Our results show that in much of the world, the growth and developmental advantages of living in cities have diminished in the twenty-first century, whereas in much of sub-Saharan Africa they have amplified.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Kannan, P., et al.
(författare)
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Functional parameters derived from magnetic resonance imaging reflect vascular morphology in preclinical tumors and in human liver metastases
- 2018
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Ingår i: Clinical Cancer Research. - : American Association for Cancer Research Inc.. - 1078-0432 .- 1557-3265. ; 24:19, s. 4694-4704
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Tumor vessels influence the growth and response of tumors to therapy. Imaging vascular changes in vivo using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) has shown potential to guide clinical decision making for treatment. However, quantitative MR imaging biomarkers of vascular function have not been widely adopted, partly because their relationship to structural changes in vessels remains unclear. We aimed to elucidate the relationships between vessel function and morphology in vivo. Experimental Design: Untreated preclinical tumors with different levels of vascularization were imaged sequentially using DCE-MRI and CT. Relationships between functional parameters from MR (iAUC, Ktrans, and BATfrac) and structural parameters from CT (vessel volume, radius, and tortuosity) were assessed using linear models. Tumors treated with anti-VEGFR2 antibody were then imaged to determine whether antiangiogenic therapy altered these relationships. Finally, functional-structural relationships were measured in 10 patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer. Results: Functional parameters iAUC and Ktrans primarily reflected vessel volume in untreated preclinical tumors. The relationships varied spatially and with tumor vascularity, and were altered by antiangiogenic treatment. In human liver metastases, all three structural parameters were linearly correlated with iAUC and Ktrans. For iAUC, structural parameters also modified each other's effect. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that MR imaging biomarkers of vascular function are linked to structural changes in tumor vessels and that antiangiogenic therapy can affect this link. Our work also demonstrates the feasibility of three-dimensional functional-structural validation of MR biomarkers in vivo to improve their biological interpretation and clinical utility.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Selvavinayagam, Sivaprakasam T., et al.
(författare)
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Genomic surveillance of omicron B.1.1.529 SARS‐CoV‐2 and its variants between December 2021 and March 2023 in Tamil Nadu, India—A state‐wide prospective longitudinal study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Virology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0146-6615 .- 1096-9071. ; 96:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A state-wide prospective longitudinal investigation of the genomic surveillance of the omicron B.1.1.529 SARS-CoV-2 variant and its sublineages in Tamil Nadu, India, was conducted between December 2021 and March 2023. The study aimed to elucidate their mutational patterns and their genetic interrelationship in the Indian population. The study identified several unique mutations at different time-points, which likely could attribute to the changing disease characteristics, transmission, and pathogenicity attributes of omicron variants. The study found that the omicron variant is highly competent in its mutating potentials, and that it continues to evolve in the general population, likely escaping from natural as well as vaccine-induced immune responses. Our findings suggest that continuous surveillance of viral variants at the global scenario is warranted to undertake intervention measures against potentially precarious SARS-CoV-2 variants and their evolution.
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| 12. |
- Vijayakumar, P., et al.
(författare)
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Hierarchical key management scheme for securing mobile agents with optimal computation time
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Conference on Modelling Optimization and Computing. - : Elsevier. ; , s. 1432-1443
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Mobile agents are well suited for accessing contents of distributed web based applications including internet business. Such kinds of access must be secure enough enabling only authorized mobile agents to retrieve the contents from the distributed servers. This kind of security is provided by several algorithms including RSA based digital signature and elliptic curve digital signature cryptography. The main differences among the algorithms of the past literatures lie in the computational time of encryption and decryption of the keys used for encrypting and decrypting the content. In this paper we propose a modified hierarchical date constrained key management scheme which potentially reduces the overall computation time needed for key derivation and key signature check operations. Different algorithms are compared with our proposed mechanism and the experimental results show that the proposed method reduces the overall key derivation and key signature check computational time.
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| 13. |
- Anand, K., et al.
(författare)
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A Rule Based Approach for Attribute Selection and Intrusion Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Conference On Modelling Optimization And Computing. - : Elsevier. ; , s. 1658-1664
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we propose a new rule based attribute selection algorithm for removing the redundant attributes which are used in decision making on intrusions in wireless sensor networks. This work focuses mainly on finding important attributes to find Denial of Service attacks. In addition, we used an enhanced MSVM classification algorithm that was developed by extending the existing MSVM algorithm. The experimental results show that the proposed methods provide high detection rates and reduce false alarm rate. This system has been tested using KDD'99 Cup data set.
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| 14. |
- Chandramohan, Arun, et al.
(författare)
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Design-rules for stapled peptides with in vivo activity and their application to Mdm2/X antagonists
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 15:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although stapled α-helical peptides can address challenging targets, their advancement is impeded by poor understandings for making them cell permeable while avoiding off-target toxicities. By synthesizing >350 molecules, we present workflows for identifying stapled peptides against Mdm2(X) with in vivo activity and no off-target effects. Key insights include a clear correlation between lipophilicity and permeability, removal of positive charge to avoid off-target toxicities, judicious anionic residue placement to enhance solubility/behavior, optimization of C-terminal length/helicity to enhance potency, and optimization of staple type/number to avoid polypharmacology. Workflow application gives peptides with >292x improved cell proliferation potencies and no off-target cell proliferation effects ( > 3800x on-target index). Application of these ‘design rules’ to a distinct Mdm2(X) peptide series improves ( > 150x) cellular potencies and removes off-target toxicities. The outlined workflow should facilitate therapeutic impacts, especially for those targets such as Mdm2(X) that have hydrophobic interfaces and are targetable with a helical motif.
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| 15. |
- Clavero, AL, et al.
(författare)
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MDM2 inhibitors, nutlin-3a and navtemadelin, retain efficacy in human and mouse cancer cells cultured in hypoxia
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 13:1, s. 4583-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Activation of p53 by small molecule MDM2 inhibitors can induce cell cycle arrest or death in p53 wildtype cancer cells. However, cancer cells exposed to hypoxia can develop resistance to other small molecules, such as chemotherapies, that activate p53. Here, we evaluated whether hypoxia could render cancer cells insensitive to two MDM2 inhibitors with different potencies, nutlin-3a and navtemadlin. Inhibitor efficacy and potency were evaluated under short-term hypoxic conditions in human and mouse cancer cells expressing different p53 genotypes (wild-type, mutant, or null). Treatment of wild-type p53 cancer cells with MDM2 inhibitors reduced cell growth by > 75% in hypoxia through activation of the p53–p21 signaling pathway; no inhibitor-induced growth reduction was observed in hypoxic mutant or null p53 cells except at very high concentrations. The concentration of inhibitors needed to induce the maximal p53 response was not significantly different in hypoxia compared to normoxia. However, inhibitor efficacy varied by species and by cell line, with stronger effects at lower concentrations observed in human cell lines than in mouse cell lines grown as 2D and 3D cultures. Together, these results indicate that MDM2 inhibitors retain efficacy in hypoxia, suggesting they could be useful for targeting acutely hypoxic cancer cells.
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| 16. |
- Gandhi, Kanika, et al.
(författare)
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Three Echelon Supply Chain Design with Supplier Evaluation
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Soft Computing for Problem Solving. - Berlin : Springer-Verlag GmbH. - 9788132217671 - 9788132217688 ; , s. 867-881
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Effective supply chain management (SCM), which facilitates companies to react to changing demand by swiftly communicating those needs to their supplier, is at the root of successful manufacturing. Optimizing a supply chain (SC) performance is a key factor for success in long term SC relationships. Much information like price, delivery time percentage and acceptance percentage are discussed in the process. A factor as imprecise demand is added in the same process that fuzzifies coordination between buyer and supplier. The paper considers nondeterministic conditions in the environment of business, coordination in procurement and distribution in a supplier selection problem that was proposed and a fuzzy model with two objectives was defined. The proposed model is a “fuzzy bi-objective mixed integer nonlinear” problem. A “fuzzy solution and fuzzy goal programming method” is used to convert the model into crisp form and solved using differential evolution
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| 17. |
- Ingelshed, Katrine, et al.
(författare)
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MDM2/MDMX inhibition by Sulanemadlin synergizes with anti-Programmed Death 1 immunotherapy in wild-type p53 tumors
- 2024
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Ingår i: iScience. - : Elsevier. - 2589-0042. ; 27:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment but its efficacy depends on a robust immune response in the tumor. Silencing of the tumor suppressor p53 is common in tumors and can affect the recruitment and activation of different immune cells, leading to immune evasion and poor therapy response. We found that the p53 activating stapled peptide MDM2/MDMX inhibitor Sulanemadlin (ALRN-6924) inhibited p53 wild-type cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. In mice carrying p53 wild-type CT26.WT tumors, monotherapy with the PD-1 inhibitor DX400 or Sulanemadlin delayed tumor doubling time by 50% and 37%, respectively, while combination therapy decreased tumor doubling time by 93% leading to an increased median survival time. Sulanemadlin treatment led to increased immunogenicity and combination treatment with PD-1 inhibition resulted in an increased tumor infiltration of lymphocytes. This combination treatment strategy could potentially turn partial responders into responders of immunotherapy, expanding the patient target group for PD-1-targeting immunotherapy.
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| 18. |
- Ingelshed, Katrine, et al.
(författare)
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The MDM2 Inhibitor Navtemadlin Arrests Mouse Melanoma Growth In Vivo and Potentiates Radiotherapy
- 2022
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Ingår i: Cancer Research Communications. - : American Association For Cancer Research (AACR). - 2767-9764. ; 2:9, s. 1075-1088
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The tumor suppressor protein p53 is mutated in close to 50% of human tumors and is dysregulated in many others, for instance by silencing or loss of p14ARF. Under steady-state conditions, the two E3 ligases MDM2/MDM4 interact with and inhibit the transcriptional activity of p53. Inhibition of p53–MDM2/4 interaction to reactivate p53 in tumors with wild-type (WT) p53 has therefore been considered a therapeutic strategy. Moreover, studies indicate that p53 reactivation may synergize with radiation and increase tumor immunogenicity. In vivo studies of most MDM2 inhibitors have utilized immunodeficient xenograft mouse models, preventing detailed studies of action of these molecules on the immune response. The mouse melanoma cell line B16-F10 carries functional, WT p53 but does not express the MDM2 regulator p19ARF. In this study, we tested a p53-MDM2 protein–protein interaction inhibitor, the small molecule Navtemadlin, which is currently being tested in phase II clinical trials. Using mass spectrometry–based proteomics and imaging flow cytometry, we identified specific protein expression patterns following Navtemadlin treatment of B16-F10 melanoma cells compared with their p53 CRISPR-inactivated control cells. In vitro, Navtemadlin induced a significant, p53-dependent, growth arrest but little apoptosis in B16-F10 cells. When combined with radiotherapy, Navtemadlin showed synergistic effects and increased apoptosis. In vivo, Navtemadlin treatment significantly reduced the growth of B16-F10 melanoma cells implanted in C57Bl/6 mice. Our data highlight the utility of a syngeneic B16-F10 p53+/+ mouse melanoma model for assessing existing and novel p53-MDM2/MDM4 inhibitors and in identifying new combination therapies that can efficiently eliminate tumors in vivo.Significance:The MDM2 inhibitor Navtemadlin arrests mouse tumor growth and potentiates radiotherapy. Our results support a threshold model for apoptosis induction that requires a high, prolonged p53 signaling for cancer cells to become apoptotic.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Jain, Rahul, et al.
(författare)
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Implementation of a Property Database and Thermodynamic Calculations in OpenModelica for Chemical Process Simulation
- 2019
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Ingår i: Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0888-5885 .- 1520-5045. ; 58:81, s. 7551-7560
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An attempt has been made to enhance the thermodynamic capabilityof the general purpose modelling and simulation environment OpenModelica. The propertydatabase ChemSep and the thermodynamic algorithms of DWSIM are made available inOpenModelica. Following three approaches, listed in the order of increasing computationaleciency, are attempted in this work: Python-C API, socket programming and a nativeport. The most ecient method of native port is adopted to make available NRTL, Peng-Robinson, UNIFAC and UNIQUAC algorithms in OpenModelica. Through several examples,OpenModelica results are compared with Aspen Plus, indicating a good match in all cases.This work is released as open source to enhance the collaboration amongst chemical engineers.
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| 21. |
- Jaisankar, N., et al.
(författare)
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An intelligent agent based intrusion detection system using fuzzy rough set based outlier detection
- 2012
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Ingår i: Studies in Computational Intelligence. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. ; , s. 147-153
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since existing Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) including misuse detection and anomoly detection are generally incapable of detecting new type of attacks. However, all these systems are capable of detecting intruders with high false alarm rate. It is an urgent need to develop IDS with very high Detection rate and with low False alarm rate. To satisfy this need we propose a new intelligent agent based IDS using Fuzzy Rough Set based outlier detection and Fuzzy Rough set based SVM. In this proposed model we intorduced two different inteligent agents namely feature selection agent to select the required feature set using fuzzy rough sets and decision making agent manager for making final decision. Moreover, we have introduced fuzzy rough set based outlier detection algorithm to detect outliers. We have also adopted Fuzzy Rough based SVM in our system to classify and detect anomalies efficiently. Finally, we have used KDD Cup 99 data set for our experiment, the experimental result show that the proposed intelligent agent based model improves the overall accuracy and reduces the false alarm rate.
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| 22. |
- Kannan, Anand, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic algorithm based feature selection algorithm for effective intrusion detection in cloud networks
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings - 12th IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshops, ICDMW 2012. - : IEEE. - 9780769549255 ; , s. 416-423
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cloud computing is expected to provide on-demand, agile, and elastic services. Cloud networking extends cloud computing by providing virtualized networking functionalities and allows various optimizations, for example to reduce latency while increasing flexibility in the placement, movement, and interconnection of these virtual resources. However, this approach introduces new security challenges. In this paper, we propose a new intrusion detection model in which we combine a newly proposed genetic based feature selection algorithm and an existing Fuzzy Support Vector Machines (SVM) for effective classification as a solution. The feature selection reduces the number of features by removing unimportant features, hence reducing runtime. Moreover, when the Fuzzy SVM classifier is used with the reduced feature set, it improves the detection accuracy. Experimental results of the proposed combination of feature selection and classification model detects anomalies with a low false alarm rate and a high detection rate when tested with the KDD Cup 99 data set.
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| 23. |
- Kannan, Anand, et al.
(författare)
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N-ary tree based key distribution in a network as a service provisioning model
- 2012
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Ingår i: ICACCI '12 Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics. - New York, NY, USA : ACM Digital Library. - 9781450311960 ; , s. 952-960
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cloud networking is a new technology which integrates network provisioning with the existing cloud service provisioning models. This integration allows service providers to provision network resources together with network performance guarantees as a part of their service offering. However, the introduction of multiple providers and service levels introduces many security challenges. One such challenge is identity management, especially authentication of different entities. This paper presents an analysis of a management scheme deployed in a simulated cloud network test bed. Our results show that this scheme is faster than binary and erasure encoding schemes. The scheme uses an N-ary approach and thus allows the placement of n entities at each level, unlike the binary scheme which is restricted to two entities.
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| 24. |
- Kannan, Bharath, et al.
(författare)
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Generating spatially entangled itinerant photons with waveguide quantum electrodynamics
- 2020
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Ingår i: Science advances. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 2375-2548. ; 6:41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Realizing a fully connected network of quantum processors requires the ability to distribute quantum entanglement. For distant processing nodes, this can be achieved by generating, routing, and capturing spatially entangled itinerant photons. In this work, we demonstrate the deterministic generation of such photons using superconducting transmon qubits that are directly coupled to a waveguide. In particular, we generate two-photon N00N states and show that the state and spatial entanglement of the emitted photons are tunable via the qubit frequencies. Using quadrature amplitude detection, we reconstruct the moments and correlations of the photonic modes and demonstrate state preparation fidelities of 84%. Our results provide a path toward realizing quantum communication and teleportation protocols using itinerant photons generated by quantum interference within a waveguide quantum electrodynamics architecture.
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| 25. |
- Kannan, Bharath, et al.
(författare)
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Waveguide quantum electrodynamics with superconducting artificial giant atoms
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 583:7818, s. 775-779
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Models of light–matter interactions in quantum electrodynamics typically invoke the dipole approximation1,2, in which atoms are treated as point-like objects when compared to the wavelength of the electromagnetic modes with which they interact. However, when the ratio between the size of the atom and the mode wavelength is increased, the dipole approximation no longer holds and the atom is referred to as a ‘giant atom’2,3. So far, experimental studies with solid-state devices in the giant-atom regime have been limited to superconducting qubits that couple to short-wavelength surface acoustic waves4–10, probing the properties of the atom at only a single frequency. Here we use an alternative architecture that realizes a giant atom by coupling small atoms to a waveguide at multiple, but well separated, discrete locations. This system enables tunable atom–waveguide couplings with large on–off ratios3 and a coupling spectrum that can be engineered by the design of the device. We also demonstrate decoherence-free interactions between multiple giant atoms that are mediated by the quasi-continuous spectrum of modes in the waveguide—an effect that is not achievable using small atoms11. These features allow qubits in this architecture to switch between protected and emissive configurations in situ while retaining qubit–qubit interactions, opening up possibilities for high-fidelity quantum simulations and non-classical itinerant photon generation12,13.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Kannan, P, et al.
(författare)
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An Automated Quantification Tool for Angiogenic Sprouting From Endothelial Spheroids
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in pharmacology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1663-9812. ; 13, s. 883083-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The process of sprouting angiogenesis can be measured in vitro using endothelial cells in sprouting assays such as the fibrin bead assay and the spheroid-based assay. While the technical aspects of these sprouting assays have been well-optimized, the analysis aspects have been limited to manual methods, which can be time-consuming and difficult to reproduce. Here, we developed an automated analysis tool called AQuTAS to quantify sprouting parameters from the spheroid-based sprouting assay. We trained and validated the algorithm on two subsets of data, and tested its sensitivity by measuring changes in sprouting parameters over a range of concentrations of pro- and antiangiogenic compounds. Our results demonstrate that the algorithm detects known differences in sprouting parameters in endothelial spheroids treated with pro- and antiangiogenic compounds. Moreover, it is sensitive to biological changes that are ≥40%. Among the five quantified parameters, cumulative sprout length is likely the most discriminative parameter for measuring differences in sprouting behavior because it had the highest effect size (>1.5 Cohen’s d). In summary, we have generated an automated tool that quantifies sprouting parameters from the spheroid-based assay in a reproducible and sensitive manner.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Karthick Raaj, R., et al.
(författare)
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Exploring grinding and burnishing as surface post-treatment options for electron beam additive manufactured Alloy 718
- 2020
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Ingår i: Surface & Coatings Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0257-8972 .- 1879-3347. ; 397
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Numerous additive manufacturing (AM) techniques have been developed over the past decade. Features like immense freedom of intricate part design and shorter lead time make AM routes promising for a wide range of applications spanning aerospace, marine and automobile sectors. Among the various metal AM processes, Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing (EBAM) is being widely explored to realise the potential of Ni-based superalloys and Ti alloys for varied high-performance applications. A novel attempt has been made in this paper to assess the surface integrity of as-built EBAM nickel-based superalloy 718 (AB) subjected to grinding (G), Low Plasticity Burnishing (LPB) and their sequential combination. Apart from their influence on sub-surface microstructures, the effect of process variables during the above post-treatments on the residual stress profiles was also investigated. Results revealed that G + LPB results in about 0.6 ÎŒm lower surface roughness, 17% improved microhardness compared to AB + LPB, and higher compressive surface residual stress as compared to LPB processed EBAM samples. The sequential grinding and LPB - improved microhardness, was also found to extend about 500 ÎŒm more when compared to the LPB process. The G + LPB, which is greatly influenced by the prior grinding, smoothens the surface and thus results in a better surface finish. Highest hardness, superior surface finish, reduced porosity and improved compressive residual stress were observed in samples that adopted the AB + G + LPB sequence over other samples, with the LPB step at 40 MPa yielding the best results. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
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| 34. |
- Lerma Clavero, A, et al.
(författare)
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MDM2 inhibitors, nutlin-3a and navtemadelin, retain efficacy in human and mouse cancer cells cultured in hypoxia
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 13:1, s. 4583-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Activation of p53 by small molecule MDM2 inhibitors can induce cell cycle arrest or death in p53 wildtype cancer cells. However, cancer cells exposed to hypoxia can develop resistance to other small molecules, such as chemotherapies, that activate p53. Here, we evaluated whether hypoxia could render cancer cells insensitive to two MDM2 inhibitors with different potencies, nutlin-3a and navtemadlin. Inhibitor efficacy and potency were evaluated under short-term hypoxic conditions in human and mouse cancer cells expressing different p53 genotypes (wild-type, mutant, or null). Treatment of wild-type p53 cancer cells with MDM2 inhibitors reduced cell growth by > 75% in hypoxia through activation of the p53–p21 signaling pathway; no inhibitor-induced growth reduction was observed in hypoxic mutant or null p53 cells except at very high concentrations. The concentration of inhibitors needed to induce the maximal p53 response was not significantly different in hypoxia compared to normoxia. However, inhibitor efficacy varied by species and by cell line, with stronger effects at lower concentrations observed in human cell lines than in mouse cell lines grown as 2D and 3D cultures. Together, these results indicate that MDM2 inhibitors retain efficacy in hypoxia, suggesting they could be useful for targeting acutely hypoxic cancer cells.
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| 35. |
- Muller, S, et al.
(författare)
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Target 2035 - update on the quest for a probe for every protein
- 2022
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Ingår i: RSC medicinal chemistry. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2632-8682. ; 13:1, s. 13-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Twenty years after the publication of the first draft of the human genome, our knowledge of the human proteome is still fragmented. Target 2035 aims to develop a pharmacological modulator for every protein in the human proteome to fill this gap.
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| 36. |
- Nayak, Priyam, et al.
(författare)
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Chemical Process Simulation Using OpenModelica
- 2019
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Ingår i: Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 0888-5885 .- 1520-5045. ; 58:26, s. 11164-11174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The equation-oriented general-purpose simulator OpenModelica provides a convenient, extendible modeling environment, with capabilities such as an easy switch from steady-state to dynamic simulations. This work reports the creation of a library of steady-state models of unit operations using OpenModelica. The use of this library is demonstrated through a few representative flow-sheets, and the results are compared with the steady-state simulators Aspen Plus and DWSIM. Being open-source and supported by a large community of developers across the world, OpenModelica provides a convenient platform to train a large number of chemical engineers to increase collaborative research and employment.
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| 37. |
- Normark, B., et al.
(författare)
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Storage Solutions and Their Value
- 2017
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Ingår i: Europe's Energy Transition. - : Elsevier. - 9780128098066 - 9780128099032 ; , s. 173-187
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Energy storage has increasingly come into focus as a key transformational technology in the energy system. This is driven by several factors, including: (1) the increased electrification of the energy system and the associated changes in demand patterns, driven by new loads such as electric vehicles and heat pumps; (2) the decarbonization of the power system and the associated increases in the penetration of variable renewable electricity production, and related security of supply concerns. In this chapter we explore the evolving role of storage in the EU energy system-both at present and in the future. This includes proposed changes in current legislative frameworks to support the diffusion of storage technologies-a key enabler in the EU's transition to a reliable, flexible, and affordable energy system.
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| 38. |
- Park, Seung Hyun, et al.
(författare)
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Nonpharmaceutical interventions reduce the incidence and mortality of COVID-19: A study based on the survey from the International COVID-19 Research Network (ICRN)
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Medical Virology. - : WILEY. - 0146-6615 .- 1096-9071. ; 95:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The recently emerged novel coronavirus, "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)," caused a highly contagious disease called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It has severely damaged the worlds most developed countries and has turned into a major threat for low- and middle-income countries. Since its emergence in late 2019, medical interventions have been substantial, and most countries relied on public health measures collectively known as nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). We aimed to centralize the accumulative knowledge of NPIs against COVID-19 for each country under one worldwide consortium. International COVID-19 Research Network collaborators developed a cross-sectional online survey to assess the implications of NPIs and sanitary supply on the incidence and mortality of COVID-19. The survey was conducted between January 1 and February 1, 2021, and participants from 92 countries/territories completed it. The association between NPIs, sanitation supplies, and incidence and mortality were examined by multivariate regression, with the log-transformed value of population as an offset value. The majority of countries/territories applied several preventive strategies, including social distancing (100.0%), quarantine (100.0%), isolation (98.9%), and school closure (97.8%). Individual-level preventive measures such as personal hygiene (100.0%) and wearing facial masks (94.6% at hospitals; 93.5% at mass transportation; 91.3% in mass gathering facilities) were also frequently applied. Quarantine at a designated place was negatively associated with incidence and mortality compared to home quarantine. Isolation at a designated place was also associated with reduced mortality compared to home isolation. Recommendations to use sanitizer for personal hygiene reduced incidence compared to the recommendation to use soap. Deprivation of masks was associated with increased incidence. Higher incidence and mortality were found in countries/territories with higher economic levels. Mask deprivation was pervasive regardless of economic level. NPIs against COVID-19 such as using sanitizer, quarantine, and isolation can decrease the incidence and mortality of COVID-19.
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| 39. |
- Renugopalakrishnan, V, et al.
(författare)
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Nanomaterials for energy conversion applications
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nanomaterials for Energy Conversion Applications. - : American Scientific Publishers. ; , s. 155-178
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Shivakumar, Abhishek, et al.
(författare)
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Need for Flexibility and Potential Solutions
- 2017
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Ingår i: Europe's Energy Transition. - : Elsevier. - 9780128098066 - 9780128099032 ; , s. 149-172
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With an increasing penetration of variable renewables in the EU in recent years, the flexibility of its power system is of critical importance. In this chapter, we first assess flexibility considerations in the past, prior to market liberalization. We then analyze the impact of increasing penetration of renewables on flexibility requirements. Further, we identify existing options to provide this flexibility. Finally, we use model-based analysis, we quantitatively assess potential solutions to deploying temporary production and storage. Business models and potential evolutions of the legislative framework associated with the different solutions are also proposed.
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| 43. |
- Vignarooban, K., et al.
(författare)
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Current trends and future challenges of electrolytes for sodium-ion batteries
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0360-3199. ; 41:4, s. 2829-2846
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research and development efforts on sodium-ion batteries are gaining momentum due to their potential to accommodate high energy density coupled with relatively lower cost in comparison with lithium-ion batteries. In order for the sodium-ion batteries to be commercially viable, high performance electrolytes with acceptable ambient temperature ionic conductivity and wider electrochemical stability windows are being developed. A bibliometric analysis of the publications on various types of Na+ ion conducting electrolytes since 1990 shows a total of 200 + publications and reveals an exponential growth in the last few years, due to reasons that the sodium-ion systems promise great potential as the future large scale power sources for variety of applications. This review consolidates the status of liquid (non-aqueous, aqueous and ionic), polymer gel and solid (ceramics, glasses, and solid polymers) electrolytes and discusses their ionic conductivity, thermal characteristics, electrochemical stability and viscosity towards applications in sodium-ion batteries. Among various types available, the non-aqueous solvent based electrolyte is the most promising one in terms of ionic conductivity even though it is flammable.
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| 44. |
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