| 1. |
- Borenius, Seppo, et al.
(författare)
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Expert-Guided Security Risk Assessment of Evolving Power Grids
- 2022
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Ingår i: Energies. - : MDPI AG. - 1996-1073. ; 15:9, s. 3237-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electric power grids, which form an essential part of the critical infrastructure, are evolving into highly distributed, dynamic networks in order to address the climate change. This fundamental transition relies on extensive automation solutions based on communications and information technologies. Thus, it also gives rise to new attack points for malicious actors and consequently, increases the vulnerability of the electric energy system. This study presents a qualitative assessment of power grid cybersecurity through expert interviews across countries in Europe and the U.S. to gain understanding of the latest developments and trends in the cybersecurity of future electric energy systems. The horizon of the assessment is 10 years spanning until the early 2030s. Thereafter, the study identifies how and to which extent the risks identified to be most significant are understood and addressed in the latest research and industry publications aiming at identifying areas deserving specific further attention. The most significant threats based on the assessment are False Data Injection (FDI), Denial of Service (DoS) supply chain, and ransomware and malware attacks.
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| 2. |
- Högfeldt, Anna-Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Program leadership from a Nordic perspective - Managing education development
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 8th International CDIO Conference, Brisbane, Australia.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nordic Five Tech (N5T) is a strategic alliance between five technical universities in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. The overall aim is to “utilize shared and complementary strengths and create synergy within education, research and innovation”. In this paper we focus on university educational development issues by investigating the program leadership at five Nordic technical universities. Specifically, the paper compares definitions, views and experiences of education leadership in the Nordic Five Tech (N5T) universities. The paper does this by, first, reviewing the definitions of roles and responsibilities for program directors at each university, and second, by presenting results from a survey carried out in March 2012 among program directors at the N5T universities. Based on this data, we analyze how program directors experience their role, their possibilities to lead, and their opportunities of learning to lead. How is time for reflection and development as leaders handled at the different universities? The paper goes on to consider what impact the mandate of the leadership role has on the possibilities for developing educational programs. For instance, how can program directors ensure that learning objectives concerning generic skills and abilities are reached? How can program directors drive implementation of integrative and value-oriented topics such as sustainable development, innovation and entrepreneurship?
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| 3. |
- Tanyingyong, Voravit
(författare)
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Performance, Availability, and Scalability in Open Networking Platforms for Internet Services
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Advancement in technologies brings about new demands and services. In parallel, modern commodity off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware has become very capable yet affordable. It is often used in combination with Free/Libre and Open Source Software (FLOSS) to build open networking platforms, which offer alternatives to commercial network devices. In this thesis, we study open networking platforms for Internet services in different use cases. We focus on different aspects of the quality of Internet services in three classes of network devices, including performance aspects in high-end network devices for access networks in the context of software-defined networking (SDN), availability aspects in mid-range network devices for home networks in the context of healthcare services, and scalability aspects in low-end network devices for the Internet of Things (IoT).For the performance aspect in an SDN context, we design, implement, and evaluate open networking platforms with an OpenFlow forwarding engine. Our architecture utilizes the hardware classification on a network interface card (NIC) to improve OpenFlow lookup performance. Moreover, we devise a strategy to utilize multi-core architecture to extend our open networking platform to perform other tasks beyond solely routing. For the availability aspect in a healthcare context, we combine mission critical healthcare services with a traditional residential gateway. Our mechanism to enhance availability utilizes the bidirectional forwarding detection (BFD) protocol to enable redundancy with fast failover and dedicated system resources to provide performance isolation for BFD control messages.We consider the scalability aspect for IoT in two scenarios, namely IoT actuation in a smart grid context and IoT sensing in a smart city context. For IoT actuation, we introduce IoT-grid, a programmable small-scale, DC power grid that utilizes embedded IoT technology to enable remote control and monitoring functions. We observe that IoT-enabled grid components have long processing delays and, thus, propose a mechanism to improve the scalability based on sending a burst of requests with scheduled responses. For IoT sensing, we design and develop an IoT-based air quality monitoring testbed that offers reliable data delivery. Moreover, we propose dynamic sinks, sensor nodes that can serve as on-demand sinks, to improve the scalability of IoT sensing systems while maintaining low energy consumption. These use cases demonstrate that open networking platforms can meet service quality demands for various applications and offer viable alternatives to commercial network devices.
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