| 1. |
- Hudson, Lawrence N, et al.
(författare)
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The database of the PREDICTS (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems) project
- 2017
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Ingår i: Ecology and Evolution. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2045-7758. ; 7:1, s. 145-188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The PREDICTS project-Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems (www.predicts.org.uk)-has collated from published studies a large, reasonably representative database of comparable samples of biodiversity from multiple sites that differ in the nature or intensity of human impacts relating to land use. We have used this evidence base to develop global and regional statistical models of how local biodiversity responds to these measures. We describe and make freely available this 2016 release of the database, containing more than 3.2 million records sampled at over 26,000 locations and representing over 47,000 species. We outline how the database can help in answering a range of questions in ecology and conservation biology. To our knowledge, this is the largest and most geographically and taxonomically representative database of spatial comparisons of biodiversity that has been collated to date; it will be useful to researchers and international efforts wishing to model and understand the global status of biodiversity.
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| 2. |
- Svensson, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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Integration of data from multiple sources for simultaneous modelling analysis : experience from nevirapine population pharmacokinetics
- 2012
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Ingår i: British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. - : Wiley. - 0306-5251 .- 1365-2125. ; 74:3, s. 465-476
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT Integrating individual data from multiple sources in one simultaneous population analysis (sometimes called a mega-model) can address novel research questions and add power for covariate detection without requiring new clinical studies. However, the development of this type of model can be challenging and time consuming. Nevirapine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor commonly used for treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection in resource-limited settings.WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS This study outlines a strategy for integration of data from multiple sources for modelling analysis. It provides suggestions on handling of missing covariates in the context of several data sources and a starting point for development of a multinational nevirapine mega-model. AIMS To propose a modelling strategy to efficiently integrate data from different sources in one simultaneous analysis, using nevirapine population pharmacokinetic data as an example.METHODS Data from three studies including 115 human immunodeficiency virus-infected South African adults were used. Patients were on antiretroviral therapy regimens including 200 mg nevirapine twice daily and sampled at steady state. A development process was suggested, implemented in NONMEM7 and the final model evaluated with an external data set.RESULTS A stepwise approach proved efficient. Model development started with the intensively sampled data. Data were added sequentially, using visual predictive checks for inspecting their compatibility with the existing model. Covariate exploration was carried out, and auxiliary regression models were designed for imputation of missing covariates. Nevirapine pharmacokinetics was described by a one-compartment model with absorption through two transit compartments. Body size was accounted for using allometric scaling. The model included a mixture of two subpopulations with different typical values of clearance, namely fast (3.12 l h-1) and slow metabolizers (1.45 l h-1), with 17% probability of belonging to the latter. Absorption displayed large between-occasion variability, and food slowed the absorption mean transit time from 0.6 to 2.5 h. Concomitant antitubercular treatment including rifampicin typically decreased bioavailability by 39%, with significant between-subject variability. Visual predictive checks of external validation data indicated good predictive performance.CONCLUSIONS The development strategy succeeded in integrating data from different sources to produce a model with robust parameter estimates. This work paves the way for the creation of a nevirapine mega-model, including additional data from numerous diverse sources.
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| 3. |
- Zamora, Juan Carlos, et al.
(författare)
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Considerations and consequences of allowing DNA sequence data as types of fungal taxa
- 2018
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Ingår i: IMA Fungus. - : INT MYCOLOGICAL ASSOC. - 2210-6340 .- 2210-6359. ; 9:1, s. 167-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nomenclatural type definitions are one of the most important concepts in biological nomenclature. Being physical objects that can be re-studied by other researchers, types permanently link taxonomy (an artificial agreement to classify biological diversity) with nomenclature (an artificial agreement to name biological diversity). Two proposals to amend the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), allowing DNA sequences alone (of any region and extent) to serve as types of taxon names for voucherless fungi (mainly putative taxa from environmental DNA sequences), have been submitted to be voted on at the 11th International Mycological Congress (Puerto Rico, July 2018). We consider various genetic processes affecting the distribution of alleles among taxa and find that alleles may not consistently and uniquely represent the species within which they are contained. Should the proposals be accepted, the meaning of nomenclatural types would change in a fundamental way from physical objects as sources of data to the data themselves. Such changes are conducive to irreproducible science, the potential typification on artefactual data, and massive creation of names with low information content, ultimately causing nomenclatural instability and unnecessary work for future researchers that would stall future explorations of fungal diversity. We conclude that the acceptance of DNA sequences alone as types of names of taxa, under the terms used in the current proposals, is unnecessary and would not solve the problem of naming putative taxa known only from DNA sequences in a scientifically defensible way. As an alternative, we highlight the use of formulas for naming putative taxa (candidate taxa) that do not require any modification of the ICN.
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| 4. |
- Aadland, Torgeir, et al.
(författare)
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Levelling the playing field: Could entrepreneurship education compensate the lack of entrepreneurial pedigree and prior experience?
- 2022
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Questions we care about: In the last four decades, the importance of entrepreneurship education for societal renewal has seen a dramatic rise. Policy arguments state that to spur economic development, a more entrepreneurially oriented workforce is needed. To increase our understanding of how entrepreneurship education impacts entrepreneurial careers, the purpose of this paper is to investigate how entrepreneurship education, in the form of venture creation programs (VCPs), mitigate or surpass a lack of entrepreneurial career antecedents, such as entrepreneurial pedigree or prior entrepreneurial experience. We ask: What role do VCPs play in the subsequent career choice of graduates regarding career impact relative to prior entrepreneurial experience and entrepreneurial pedigree? Approach: This paper investigates the role of VCPs, entrepreneurial pedigree, and prior entrepreneurial experience regarding early career choice. A broad perspective of entrepreneurial career is considered, across four occupational forms: self-employed, entrepreneurial employment (intrapreneur), hybrid (self-employed and employed in parallel), and conventional employment. To investigate career choice, data from graduates of VCPs at three universities in Northern Europe was collected through an online survey. Questions addressed graduate background prior to education, yearly occupational employment subsequent to graduation, and graduates’ own perception of entrepreneurial activity in employment positions. The survey was sent to 1326 graduates (total graduate population = 1568) and received 692 responses (52.2% response rate). Results: The educational context of VCPs, whether Ind-VCP or Corp-VCP, mitigated prior entrepreneurial experience. Although prior entrepreneurial experience interacted with Ind-VCP in making a career as self-employed more likely, this was not the case for Corp-VCP, in subsequently choosing intrapreneurial careers. Entrepreneurial pedigree had no significant effect on career choice other than for hybrid careers. Implications: Entrepreneurial experience gained from VCPs seems to influence graduates towards future entrepreneurial careers. For some, a VCP is the first entrepreneurial experience, while others are building existing entrepreneurial experiences. Evidence supports the conclusion that many VCP graduates lacking prior entrepreneurial experience instead develop entrepreneurial competencies (knowledge, skills, and judgmental abilities) through the program, which prepares them to engage in subsequent entrepreneurial careers. For policy and practice, entrepreneurship education can level the playing field for students aspiring to an entrepreneurial career but lacking prior entrepreneurial experience or entrepreneurial pedigree. This is an important insight when considering the need to spur innovativeness among businesses transitioning towards sustainable futures and/or recouping from the economic downturns created and perpetuated by the pandemic. Our evidence illustrates that action-based, contextualized education in entrepreneurship creates graduates that engage either as self-employed or as change agents (working with initiating and developing new opportunities) in established businesses. Value/Originality: This study offers novel evidence that entrepreneurship education can level the playing field for students preparing for entrepreneurial careers but lacking prior entrepreneurial experience or an entrepreneurial pedigree.
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| 5. |
- Aadland, Torgeir, et al.
(författare)
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Mitigating the lack of prior entrepreneurial experience and exposure through entrepreneurship education programs
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research. - 1355-2554. ; 30:11, s. 19-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose : To increase the understanding of how entrepreneurship education impacts entrepreneurial careers, the purpose of the paper is to investigate the role that a venture creation program (VCP) might have in mitigating or surpassing a lack of other antecedents of entrepreneurial careers. In particular, the authors focus on entrepreneurial pedigree and prior entrepreneurial experience. Design/methodology/approach : Data from graduates of VCPs at three universities in Northern Europe were collected through an online survey. Questions addressed graduate background prior to education, yearly occupational employment subsequent to graduation and graduates' own perceptions of entrepreneurial activity in employment positions. The survey was sent to 1,326 graduates and received 692 responses (52.2% response rate). Findings : The type of VCP, either independent (Ind-VCP) or corporate venture creation (Corp-VCP), influenced the mitigation of prior entrepreneurial experience. Prior entrepreneurial experience, together with Ind-VCP, made a career as self-employed more likely. However, this was not the case for Corp-VCP in subsequently choosing intrapreneurial careers. Entrepreneurial pedigree had no significant effect on career choice other than for hybrid careers. Research limitations/implications : Entrepreneurial experience gained from VCPs seems to influence graduates toward future entrepreneurial careers. Evidence supports the conclusion that many VCP graduates who lack prior entrepreneurial experience or entrepreneurial pedigree can develop sufficient entrepreneurial competencies through the program. Originality/value : This study offers novel evidence that entrepreneurship education can compensate for a lack of prior entrepreneurial experience and exposure for students preparing for entrepreneurial careers.
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| 6. |
- Aadland, Torgeir, et al.
(författare)
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Mitigating the lack of prior entrepreneurial experience and exposure through entrepreneurship education programs
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research. - UK : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1355-2554 .- 1758-6534. ; 30:11, s. 19-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeTo increase the understanding of how entrepreneurship education impacts entrepreneurial careers, the purpose of the paper is to investigate the role that a venture creation program (VCP) might have in mitigating or surpassing a lack of other antecedents of entrepreneurial careers. In particular, the authors focus on entrepreneurial pedigree and prior entrepreneurial experience.Design/methodology/approachData from graduates of VCPs at three universities in Northern Europe were collected through an online survey. Questions addressed graduate background prior to education, yearly occupational employment subsequent to graduation and graduates' own perceptions of entrepreneurial activity in employment positions. The survey was sent to 1,326 graduates and received 692 responses (52.2% response rate).FindingsThe type of VCP, either independent (Ind-VCP) or corporate venture creation (Corp-VCP), influenced the mitigation of prior entrepreneurial experience. Prior entrepreneurial experience, together with Ind-VCP, made a career as self-employed more likely. However, this was not the case for Corp-VCP in subsequently choosing intrapreneurial careers. Entrepreneurial pedigree had no significant effect on career choice other than for hybrid careers.Research limitations/implicationsEntrepreneurial experience gained from VCPs seems to influence graduates toward future entrepreneurial careers. Evidence supports the conclusion that many VCP graduates who lack prior entrepreneurial experience or entrepreneurial pedigree can develop sufficient entrepreneurial competencies through the program.Originality/valueThis study offers novel evidence that entrepreneurship education can compensate for a lack of prior entrepreneurial experience and exposure for students preparing for entrepreneurial careers.
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| 7. |
- Agoge, Marine, et al.
(författare)
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Mindful deviation through combining causation and effectuation: a design theory-based study of technology entrepreneurship
- 2015
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Ingår i: Creativity and Innovation Management. - : Wiley. - 0963-1690 .- 1467-8691. ; 24:4, s. 629-644
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Technology entrepreneurship can be seen as building upon while also deviating from technological paths. Such deviation has primarily been described as singular events where individuals with prior knowledge discover a new opportunity. In this article, we will instead study deviation as a process of collective decision making, seen more as something mindful than singular. The purpose is to explore mindful deviation as decision-making by nascent technology entrepreneurs as they conceptualize an early platform technology. Based on case assignments undertaken by 13 teams in a venture creation program, C-K design theory is used to trace how nascent technology entrepreneurs in action combine causal and effectual decision-making logics. Individually answered questionnaires also offered insights on how the entrepreneurs perceived their decision-making in hindsight. The findings break with our received wisdom around how opportunities are recognized as well as how effectual and causal logics occur. As a result, mindful deviation through combinations of effectual and causal logic is suggested as a means to understand early-stage technology entrepreneurship.
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| 8. |
- Agogúe, Marine, et al.
(författare)
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Teaching Design Theory to Entrepreneurs: An Effectual Use of Design
- 2014
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Ingår i: 7th SIG Design Theory Conference, January 27-28, Paris, France. ; , s. 1-10
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- To date, there is very little documented evidence around entrepreneurs applying design theory into their creation of new product and ventures. This is remarkable given the wide-spread view that many entrepreneurs are innovative designers of new products, services and ventures. One explanation to this lack of understanding is that both entrepreneurship and design thinking has been biased towards a more predictive and causal logic, missing out on more generative and effectual aspects of entrepreneurial behaviour. This study is a first attempt to study how entrepreneurship students behave and reflect when introduced to a design theory – C-K theory – that stands out in enabling both the generation of new concept and knowledge as well as ways to also converge upon preferred concepts. C-K theory is thus not biased towards either causation or effectuation and thus offers a tool for studying entrepreneurial behaviours as well as entrepreneurial perceptions. The results show that, in the application of C-K theory principles, the entrepreneurs illustrate use of effectual logic, allowing for expansive and robust mapping of different pathways. However, in their own interpretation of the use of C-K theory, they interpret their applied logic in a more causal frame, associating the path development to an initially set goal. This indicates that effectual capabilities are developed in action, whereas such behaviours end up being interpreted in more causal terms when reflected upon in hindsight. Conclusions are drawn around how C-K design theory can be used and further explored in entrepreneurship education. Furthermore, design theory is also argued to offer improved study of entrepreneurial behaviour and identity.
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| 9. |
- Alme, Tomas Nordheim, et al.
(författare)
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Chronic fatigue syndromes: real illnesses that people can recover from
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 0281-3432 .- 1502-7724. ; 41:4, s. 372-376
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Oslo Chronic Fatigue Consortium consists of researchers and clinicians who question the current narrative that chronic fatigue syndromes, including post-covid conditions, are incurable diseases. Instead, we propose an alternative view, based on research, which offers more hope to patients. Whilst we regard the symptoms of these conditions as real, we propose that they are more likely to reflect the brains response to a range of biological, psychological, and social factors, rather than a specific disease process. Possible causes include persistent activation of the neurobiological stress response, accompanied by associated changes in immunological, hormonal, cognitive and behavioural domains. We further propose that the symptoms are more likely to persist if they are perceived as threatening, and all activities that are perceived to worsen them are avoided. We also question the idea that the best way to cope with the illness is by prolonged rest, social isolation, and sensory deprivation.Instead, we propose that recovery is often possible if patients are helped to adopt a less threatening understanding of their symptoms and are supported in a gradual return to normal activities. Finally, we call for a much more open and constructive dialogue about these conditions. This dialogue should include a wider range of views, including those of patients who have recovered from them.
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| 10. |
- Alsos, Gry, et al.
(författare)
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Graduates of venture creation programs - where do they apply their entrepreneurial competencies?
- 2023
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Ingår i: Small Business Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-0913 .- 0921-898X. ; 60:1, s. 133-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The assessment of entrepreneurship education outcomes should move beyond a focus on firm creation and associated economic impact to consider a more nuanced view that pays attention to graduates and their entrepreneurial competencies. There is currently limited understanding to what extent entrepreneurial competencies developed through entrepreneurship education are applied in graduates' subsequent careers across various occupational roles, either as employees or as self-employed. Our analysis is based on a survey administered to 556 graduates from three Nordic master-level entrepreneurship education programs (1997-2018), all identified as venture creation programs. We find that, to a large extent, entrepreneurial competencies developed through venture creation programs are applied in subsequent careers across multiple occupational roles encompassing self-employment, hybrid entrepreneurship, and intrapreneurship. Entrepreneurship education is relevant not only to new firm creation but also to entrepreneurial positions in established organizations when it comes to graduates' application of entrepreneurial competencies in subsequent careers. Plain English Summary Entrepreneurial competencies developed through entrepreneurship education are applicable to careers other than "start-up entrepreneur." This article examines graduates from three entrepreneurship education programs in Northern Europe where students experienced venture creation as part of the education. Graduates report the extent to which they apply entrepreneurial competencies (AECs) in their subsequent career. The most common career among graduates is self-employed entrepreneur, closely followed by a career as intrapreneur, where graduates apply their entrepreneurial competencies in established organizations. A smaller group of graduates have careers as hybrid entrepreneurs, where they combine paid employment with self-employment. A minority group of graduates have more conventional careers as full-time employees in established companies, where entrepreneurial tasks are not their main activities. The results indicate that venture creation programs provide fertile ground for graduates to engage in a broad spectrum of entrepreneurial careers. From the analysis, we found that a career as an intrapreneur is more similar to a self-employed entrepreneur than to a conventional employee. An implication for entrepreneurship education is that real-life educational experience through venture creation is applicable to entrepreneurial careers beyond start-ups. Additionally, the study provides a first attempt to connect entrepreneurial competencies developed through education with how such competencies are manifested in graduates' subsequent careers, motivating a discursive shift in how policies could spur a more entrepreneurial society that goes beyond a narrow start-up perspective.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Alvesson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Interviews
- 2012
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Ingår i: Qualitative Organizational Research : Core Methods and Current Challenges - Core Methods and Current Challenges. - 9780857024114
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 14. |
- Alvesson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Unpacking the client(s): Constructions, positions and client-consultant dynamics
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0956-5221. ; 25:3, s. 253-263
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research on management consultancy usually emphasizes the rote and perspective of the consultants. Whilst important, consultants are only one element in a dynamic relationship involving both consultants and their clients. In much of the literature, the client is neglected, or is assumed to represent a distinct, immutable entity. In this paper, we argue that the client organisation is not uniform but is instead (like organisations generally) a more or less heterogeneous assemblage of actors, interests and inclinations involved in multiple and varied ways in consultancy projects. This paper draws upon three empirical cases and emphasizes three key aspects of clients in the context of consultancy projects: (a) client diversity, including, but not limited to diversity arising solely from (pre-)structured contact relations and interests; (b) processes of constructing 'the client' (including negotiation, conflict, and reconstruction) and the client identities which are thereby produced; and (c) the dynamics of client-consultant relations and how these influence the construction of multiple and perhaps contested client positions and identities. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 15. |
- Appleby, Karen, et al.
(författare)
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Garbage Collection for Prolog Based on WAM (Revised version)
- 1986. - 1
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Warren Abstract Machine (WAM) has become a generally accepted standard Prolog implementation technique. Garbage collection is an important aspect in the implementation of any Prolog system. We first present a synopsis of the WAM and then show marking and compaction algorithms that take advantage of WAM's unique use of the data areas. Marking and compaction are performed on both the heap and the trail. The marking and compaction algorithms use pointer reversal techniques, which obviate the need for extra stack space. However, two bits for every pointer on the heap are reserved for the garbage collection algorithm. The algorithm can work on segments of the heap, which may lead to a significant reduction of the total garbage collection time. The time of the algorithms are linear in the size of the areas.
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| 16. |
- Aronsson, Håkan, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Developing lean and agile health care supply chains
- 2011
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Ingår i: Supply chain management. - : Emerald. - 1359-8546 .- 1758-6852. ; 16:3, s. 176-183
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The objective of this exploratory paper is to find out what is important to consider when developing a supply chain in health care, what is required in order to establish a supply chain orientation and how lean and agile can be used as process strategies in order to improve supply chain performance. Design/methodology/approach – In order to build an empirical framework for using both lean and agile strategies in health care supply chain management illustrative examples are provided from a Swedish health care setting describing the patient flow and planning processes. Findings – Supply chain management has potential to work well as a philosophy for patient flow in the health care sector. However, it should not only be about the use of the concept of lean in health care, as in fact is the case in practice today. It is rather about organizing for quick response and flexibility in a hybrid strategy through combining lean and agile process strategies. This can only be done if a systems approach is applied together with a strategic orientation, where cooperative efforts by the supply chain members should synchronize and converge operational as well as strategic capabilities into a unified whole. Practical implications – The analysis in the paper underlines the importance of focusing on both agility and leanness combined. Hospitals or health care systems that introduce such an approach, as opposed to only relying on lean strategies, could gain both competitive advantages and improved performance. Originality/value – In health care, even more so than in the manufacturing industry, containment of costs without sacrificing quality is important. This paper applies SCM techniques, tools and concepts that have not been used previously for patient flow in a health care setting, combining lean and agile in one and the same analysis.
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| 17. |
- Augdal, Thomas A., et al.
(författare)
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Cone beam computed tomography in the assessment of TMJ deformity in children with JIA : repeatability of a novel scoring system
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMC Oral Health. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1472-6831. ; 23, s. 1-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is frequently involved in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Diagnostic imaging is necessary to correctly diagnose and evaluate TMJ involvement, however, hitherto little has been published on the accuracy of the applied scoring systems and measurements. The present study aims to investigate the precision of 20 imaging features and five measurements based on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods Imaging and clinical data from 84 participants in the Norwegian study on juvenile idiopathic arthritis, the NorJIA study, were collected. Altogether 20 imaging features and five measurements were evaluated indepen-dently by three experienced radiologists for intra-and interobserver agreement. Agreement of categorical variables was assessed by Fleiss', Cohen's simple or weighted Kappa as appropriate. Agreement of continuous variables was assessed with 95% limits of agreement as advised by Bland and Altman. Results "Overall impression of TMJ deformity" showed almost perfect intraobserver agreement with a kappa coefficient of 0.81 (95% CI 0.69-0.92), and substantial interobserver agreement (Fleiss' kappa 0.70 (0.61-0.78)). Moreover, both "flattening" and "irregularities" of the eminence/fossa and condyle performed well, with intra-and interobserver agreements of 0.66-0.82 and 0.55-0.76, respectively. "Reduced condylar volume" and "continuity" of the fossa/eminence had moderate intra-and interobserver Kappa values, whereas continuity of the condyle had Kappa values above 0.55. Measurements of distances and angles had limits of agreement of more than 15% of the sample mean. Conclusions We propose a CBCT-based scoring system of nine precise imaging features suggestive of TMJ deformity in JIA. Their clinical validity must be tested.
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| 18. |
- Berglund, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Social differences in lung cancer management and survival in South East England : a cohort study
- 2012
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 2:3, s. e001048-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE:To examine possible social variations in lung cancer survival and assess if any such gradients can be attributed to social differences in comorbidity, stage at diagnosis or treatment.DESIGN:Population-based cohort identified in the Thames Cancer Registry.SETTING:South East England.PARTICIPANTS:15 582 lung cancer patients diagnosed between 2006 and 2008.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Stage at diagnosis, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and survival.RESULTS:The likelihood of being diagnosed as having early-stage disease did not vary by socioeconomic quintiles (p=0.58). In early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer, the likelihood of undergoing surgery was lowest in the most deprived group. There were no socioeconomic differences in the likelihood of receiving radiotherapy in stage III disease, while in advanced disease and in small-cell lung cancer, receipt of chemotherapy differed over socioeconomic quintiles (p<0.01). In early-stage disease and following adjustment for confounders, the HR between the most deprived and the most affluent group was 1.24 (95% CI 0.98 to 1.56). Corresponding estimates in stage III and advanced disease or small-cell lung cancer were 1.16 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.34) and 1.12 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.20), respectively. In early-stage disease, the crude HR between the most deprived and the most affluent group was approximately 1.4 and constant through follow-up, while in patients with advanced disease or small-cell lung cancer, no difference was detectable after 3 months.CONCLUSION:We observed socioeconomic variations in management and survival in patients diagnosed as having lung cancer in South East England between 2006 and 2008, differences which could not fully be explained by social differences in stage at diagnosis, co-morbidity and treatment. The survival observed in the most affluent group should set the target for what is achievable for all lung cancer patients, managed in the same healthcare system.
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| 19. |
- Brage, Karen, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical application of EOS imaging system: a scoping review protocol.
- 2023
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Ingår i: JBI evidence synthesis. - 2689-8381. ; 21:5, s. 1009-1015
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this scoping review is to examine and map the existing literature on the clinical application of the EOS imaging system and to identify related evidence gaps.The EOS imaging system was originally developed to conduct imaging for medical conditions, such as scoliosis and anisomelia. However, recent research suggests that the modality has other clinical uses that may benefit patients via reduced radiation dose and, thus, improve patient safety.This scoping review will consider all quantitative study designs, including systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Imaging phantom studies and conference abstracts will be excluded.Databases that will be searched include Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL Complete, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Academic Search Premier, and OpenGrey. Relevant secondary material will be identified using citation searching (backwards and forwards) of included studies through Google Scholar. In addition, we will search by author name where more than 3 included studies from the same first author are identified. Articles published from 2003 in English, Danish, Norwegian, Swedish, French, and German will be included. Two independent reviewers will perform title/abstract screening, followed by full-text screening. Data extraction will include study type and design, age of participants, anatomical/physiological region, pathology, clinical endpoint, outcome measures, sample size, and clinical application. Data will be presented in tabular format and as a narrative summary.Open Science Framework https://osf.io/yc85j/.
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| 20. |
- Caputo, Alessandro, et al.
(författare)
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Digital Examination of LYmph node CYtopathology Using the Sydney system (DELYCYUS). An international, multi-institutional study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Cancer Cytopathology. - 1934-662X. ; 131:11, s. 679-692
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: After a series of standardized reporting systems in cytopathology, the Sydney system was recently introduced to address the need for reproducibility and standardization in lymph node cytopathology. Since then, the risk of malignancy for the categories of the Sydney system has been explored by several studies, but no studies have yet examined the interobserver reproducibility of the Sydney system. Methods: The authors assessed interobserver reproducibility of the Sydney system on 85 lymph node fine-needle aspiration cytology cases reviewed by 15 cytopathologists from 12 institutions in eight different countries, resulting in 1275 diagnoses. In total, 186 slides stained with Diff-Quik, Papanicolaou, and immunocytochemistry were scanned. A subset of the cases included clinical data and results from ultrasound examinations, flow cytometry immunophenotyping, and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. The study participants assessed the cases digitally using whole-slide images. Results: Overall, the authors observed an almost perfect agreement of cytopathologists with the ground truth (median weighted Cohen κ = 0.887; interquartile range, κ = 0.210) and moderate overall interobserver concordance (Fleiss κ = 0.476). There was substantial agreement for the inadequate and malignant categories (κ = 0.794 and κ = 0.729, respectively), moderate agreement for the benign category (κ = 0.490), and very slight agreement for the suspicious (κ = 0.104) and atypical (κ = 0.075) categories. Conclusions: The Sydney system for reporting lymph node cytopathology shows adequate interobserver concordance. Digital microscopy is an adequate means to assess lymph node cytopathology specimens.
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| 21. |
- Dahlberg, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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786 svampar på 2015 års rödlista
- 2015
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Ingår i: Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift. - 1653-0357. ; 36, s. 91-97-
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- A new Swedish Red List was published April 28th 2015 by the Swedish Species Information Centre in which 786 species of fungi are listed. Compared to the previous Red List published in 2010, 11 species have been down-listed, 51 species have been added and 35 species have changed names or taxonomic rank, thus the list has increased by 41. The changes are mainly due to increased knowledge of taxonomy, ecology and distribution, not to changes in the sta-tus of the species. Here, the members of the Species Specialist Group for Fungi 2011 – 2015 summarize the results of the red listing.
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| 22. |
- Dahlberg, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Svampar Fungi
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Rödlistade arter i Sverige 2020. - 9789187853548 ; , s. 67-88
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 23. |
- Dahlberg, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
Svampar Fungi
- 2015
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Ingår i: Rödlistade arter i Sverige 2015. - 9789187853104 ; , s. 53-71
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 24. |
- Ekerstad, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
-
Clinical Frailty Scale classes are independently associated with 6-month mortality for patients after acute myocardial infarction
- 2022
-
Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press. - 2048-8726 .- 2048-8734. ; 11:2, s. 89-98
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Data on the prognostic value of frailty to guide clinical decision-making for patients with myocardial infarction (MI) are scarce. To analyse the association between frailty classification, treatment patterns, in-hospital outcomes, and 6-month mortality in a large population of patients with MI.Methods and results: An observational, multicentre study with a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data using the SWEDEHEART registry. In total, 3381 MI patients with a level of frailty assessed using the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS-9) were included. Of these patients, 2509 (74.2%) were classified as non-vulnerable non-frail (CFS 1–3), 446 (13.2%) were vulnerable non-frail (CFS 4), and 426 (12.6%) were frail (CFS 5–9). Frailty and non-frail vulnerability were associated with worse in-hospital outcomes compared with non-frailty, i.e. higher rates of mortality (13.4% vs. 4.0% vs. 1.8%), cardiogenic shock (4.7% vs. 2.5% vs. 1.9%), and major bleeding (4.5% vs. 2.7% vs. 1.1%) (allP < 0.001), and less frequent use of evidence-based therapies. In Cox regression analyses, frailty was strongly and independently associated with 6-month mortality compared with non-frailty, after adjustment for age, sex, the GRACE risk score components, and other potential risk factors [hazard ratio (HR) 3.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.30–4.79]. A similar pattern was seen for vulnerable non-frail patients (fully adjusted HR 2.07, 95% CI1.41–3.02).Conclusion: Frailty assessed with the CFS was independently and strongly associated with all-cause 6-month mortality, also after comprehensive adjustment for baseline differences in other risk factors. Similarly, non-frail vulnerability was independently associated with higher mortality compared with those with preserved functional ability.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Eriksson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
-
Coprolite morphotypes from the Upper Cretaceous of Sweden: novel views on an ancient ecosystem and implications for coprolite taphonomy
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Lethaia. - : Scandinavian University Press / Universitetsforlaget AS. - 0024-1164. ; 44:4, s. 455-468
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coprolites (fossilized faeces) are common, yet previously unreported, elements in the Campanian (Upper Cretaceous) shallow-marine strata of Asen, southern Sweden. They are associated with a diverse vertebrate fauna and comprise at least seven different morphotypes that suggest a variety of source animals. Their faecal origin is corroborated by several lines of evidence, including chemical composition (primarily calcium phosphate), external morphology and nature of the inclusions. Preservation in a fossil coquina, interpreted as a taphocoenosis, suggests early lithification promoted by rapid entombment. This would have prevented disintegration of the faecal matter and facilitated transportation and introduction to the host sediment. The coprofabrics can generally be correlated to specific gross morphologies, supporting a morphology-determined coprolite classification. Moreover, having been deposited under presumably comparable taphonomic conditions, variations in coprofabrics infer differences in diet and/or digestive efficiency of the host animal. Size and morphology of the coprolites imply that most, if not all, were produced by vertebrates and the largest specimens infer a host animal of considerable size. Two spiralled coprolite morphotypes yield bone fragments and scales of bony fish, suggesting that the producers were piscivorous sharks. Other coprolites contain inclusions interpreted as the remains of shelled invertebrates, thus indicating that they may have derived from durophagous predators and/or scavengers. The occurrence of small scrapes, tracks and traces on several specimens suggest manipulation of the faeces by other (presumably coprophagous) organisms after deposition. The collective data from the Asen coprolites provide new insights into a shallow-water Late Cretaceous marine ecosystem hitherto known solely from body fossils.
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| 27. |
- Hagvall Svensson, Oskar, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Entrepreneurial Engineering Pedagogy: Models, Tradeoffs and Discourses
- 2020
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Engineering Education. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0304-3797 .- 1469-5898. ; 45:5, s. 691-710
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While entrepreneurship discourse is gaining traction in engineering and the number of entrepreneurship courses increase rapidly, there is a lack of study focusing on how and why engineering educators facilitate entrepreneurial experiences in their courses. Using a qualitative and inductive case-study approach, this paper explores and explicates pedagogical models for facilitating entrepreneurial experiences in engineering, and their underlying design principles. Investigating seven entrepreneurial project-based courses, three distinct pedagogical models for facilitating entrepreneurial experiences are identified. Two potentially conflicting dimensions are highlighted and argued as vital for educators to consider when implementing entrepreneurial experiences into their courses. These dimensions are: to make learning more personal, and to make learning more professional. The paper discusses how entrepreneurial engineering pedagogy is anchored in entrepreneurship education and engineering education discourse, and suggests means through which the two disparate streams of research can be integrated in order to further research on entrepreneurial engineering pedagogy.
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| 28. |
- Hagvall Svensson, Oskar, 1990, et al.
(författare)
-
How Entrepreneurial are Project-based Courses in Engineering Education?
- 2017
-
Ingår i: 45th Annual Conference of the European Society for Engineering Education, SEFI 2017; Angra do Heroismo, Terceira Island, Azores; Portugal; 18 September 2017 through 21 September 2017. - 9789899887572 ; , s. 1284-1291
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper addresses the ongoing integration of entrepreneurship into engineering education and investigates the relationship between inductive teaching methods and teaching through entrepreneurship. The potential for learning experiences leading to the development of entrepreneurial capabilities in project based courses is investigated, through a qualitative multi-case study of eight courses, applying effectuation and new value creation to assess ways in which project-based learning is entrepreneurial . It is found that even in cases where students are engaged in new value creation towards an external actor, the structure of projects seems to mainly call for students to enact a causal rather effectual logic in their actions and strategies. Pedagogical implications for educators wanting students to develop entrepreneurial capabilities are discussed.
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| 29. |
- Hagvall Svensson, Oskar, 1990, et al.
(författare)
-
Transformative, Transactional and Transmissive Modes of Teaching in Action-based Entrepreneurial Education
- 2017
-
Ingår i: ECSB Entrepreneurship Education (3E) Conference, May 10-12 Cork Ireland. ; , s. 1-15
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper introduces the notion of holistic education into the context of action-based entrepreneurial education, in order to develop a framework for achieving and understanding whole person development. The aim of the framework is to connect with a wider set of teaching and learning paradigms as a basis for instructional design and assessment, to bridge some of the fragmentation apparent in conceptual frameworks for entrepreneurial education.To facilitate this multi-facetted view on teaching and learning, we introduce a framework of transmissive, transactional and transformative teaching modes. In this framework, the transmissive mode relies upon traditional teaching methods; the transactional mode relies upon on self-directed problem-solving, collaboration and engagement in authentic learning environments; and, the transformative mode appreciates the whole learning person, how she connects with herself, others and the world. We argue that all modes are needed in order to achieve and understand whole person development, and that entrepreneurship teaching should be designed so that it offers a reservoir of rich and diverse experiences in an authentic learning environment.The three teaching modes are analyzed and discussed in relation to a leadership course assignment and eight selected citations from student deliverables in 2007. The citations represent an extreme sampling as the students had been running a tech venture during almost a year as the major vehicle of learning in their program, they had no prior entrepreneurship experience, and all of the selected students became and have remained start-up entrepreneurs since their graduation. The selected citations illustrate how transmissive, transactional and transformative teaching modes can be contextualized in action-based entrepreneurial education, and point towards that significant learning has emerged through the integration of different teaching modes. The richness of the citations indicate that action-based entrepreneurial education is a vehicle for a wide variety of learning outcomes. Accordingly, the introduced framework seems to hold promise as a basis for achieving and understanding whole person learning in this context. Practical teaching aspects are addressed, both around designing authentic learning environments as well as around designing and examining more tangible deliverables from students in such environments.
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| 30. |
- Hansson, Mats G., et al.
(författare)
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Biobanks : questioning distinctions
- 2009
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 326:5954, s. 797-797
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 31. |
- Henricson, Kristina, 1981, et al.
(författare)
-
The University as a Social Entrepreneur
- 2009
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Ingår i: Annual Satter Conference on Social Entrepreneurship - NYU Stern.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accepting that the university has taken on an entrepreneurial role in society, this paper intends to explore how the university can adopt the role of a social entrepreneur by presenting an example of a school project within Chalmers University of Technology. The overall aim of the school project is to stimulate creativity, project management and entrepreneurial thinking and has over the years developed into a social entrepreneurship activity. The main conclusion of the paper is that the university can adopt the role of a social entrepreneur in alignment with the university’s missions of delivering education, research, and societal utility. The paper provides one example of how the involvement of the university in social entrepreneurship creates multiple societal benefits. This example can lead to further comparison, analysis and research concerning the entrepreneurial roles undertaken by the university.
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| 32. |
- Holmberg, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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National comparisons of lung cancer survival in England, Norway and Sweden 2001-2004 : differences occur early in follow-up
- 2010
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Ingår i: Thorax. - : BMJ. - 0040-6376 .- 1468-3296. ; 65:5, s. 436-441
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND Countries with a similar expenditure on healthcare within Europe exhibit differences in lung cancer survival. Survival in lung cancer was studied in 2001-2004 in England, Norway and Sweden. METHODS Nationwide cancer registries in England, Norway and Sweden were used to identify 250 828 patients with lung cancer from England, 18 386 from Norway and 24 886 from Sweden diagnosed between 1996 and 2004, after exclusion of patients registered through death certificate only or with missing, zero or negative survival times. 5-Year relative survival was calculated by application of the period approach. The excess mortality between the countries was compared using a Poisson regression model. RESULTS In all subcategories of age, sex and follow-up period, the 5-year survival was lower in England than in Norway and Sweden. The age-standardised survival estimates were 6.5%, 9.3% and 11.3% for men and 8.4%, 13.5% and 15.9% for women in the respective countries in 2001-2004. The difference in excess risk of dying between the countries was predominantly confined to the first year of follow-up. The relative excess risk ratio during the first 3 months of follow-up comparing England with Norway 2001-2004 varied between 1.23 and 1.46, depending on sex and age, and between 1.56 and 1.91 comparing England with Sweden. CONCLUSION Access to healthcare and population awareness are likely to be major reasons for the differences, but it cannot be excluded that diagnostic and therapeutic activity play a role. Future improvements in lung cancer management may be seen early in follow-up.
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| 33. |
- Horta, Sara, et al.
(författare)
-
Evaluation of Immuno-Rolling Circle Amplification for Multiplex Detection and Profiling of Antigen-Specific Antibody Isotypes
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Analytical Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0003-2700 .- 1520-6882. ; 93:15, s. 6169-6177
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antibody characterization is essential for understanding the immune system and development of diagnostics and therapeutics. Current technologies are mainly focusing on the detection of antigen-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) using bulk singleplex measurements, which lack information on other isotypes and specificity of individual antibodies. Digital immunoassays based on nucleic acid amplification have demonstrated superior performance by allowing the detection of single molecules in a multiplex and sensitive manner. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time an immuno-rolling circle amplification (immunoRCA) assay for the multiplex detection of three antigen-specific antibody isotypes (IgG, IgA, and IgM) and its integration with microengraving. To validate this approach, we used the autoimmune disease immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) as the model disease with anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibodies as the diagnostic target molecules. To identify the anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibody isotypes, we designed a pool of three unique antibody-oligonucleotide conjugates for identification and subsequent amplification and visualization via RCA. To validate this approach, we first confirmed an assay specificity of >88% and a low limit of detection of 0.3 ng/mL in the spiked buffer. Subsequently, we performed a dilution series of an iTTP plasma sample for the multiplex detection of the three isotypes with higher sensitivity compared to an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Finally, we demonstrated single-cell analysis of human B cells and hybridoma cells for the detection of secreted antibodies using microengraving and achieved a detection of 23.3 pg/mL secreted antibodies per hour. This approach could help to improve the understanding of antibody isotype distributions and their roles in various diseases.
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| 34. |
- Horta, Sara, et al.
(författare)
-
Evaluation of immuno-rolling circle amplification for multiplexed detection and profiling of antigen-specific antibody isotypes
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Antibody characterization has become essential for diagnosis and development of therapeutic solutions in autoimmune, cardiovascular and infectious diseases. The specificity, affinity and isotype are crucial information for antibody studies and can be obtained from screening plasma samples or populations of B cells. Current technologies are mainly focusing on the discovery of abundant immunoglobulins, namely IgG, and are based on bulk measurements. In this study, we present a digital screening platform utilizing rolling circle amplification (RCA) for the detection of antigen-specific antibody isotypes in solution or secreted from single cells. To validate this approach, the autoimmune disease immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) was used as model disease and anti-ADAMTS13 antibodies were the target molecules. Antibody-oligonucleotide conjugates (AOCs) were designed for the multiplexed detection of human antibody isotypes IgA, IgG and IgM. Then, ADAMTS13 fragments were coated on glass slides and subsequently, target antibodies identified by specific AOC binding and visualized via an RCA assay. First, we validated the method by characterizing the assay specificity and limit of detection (LoD). When seeding different isotypes, we confirmed the high specificity of the assay (> 90%) and detection of monoclonal anti-ADAMTS13 IgG down to 0.3 ng/mL. A dilution series of a plasma sample of iTTP patient confirmed the multiplexed detection of the three isotypes with higher sensitivity compared to ELISA. Finally, we performed single cell analysis of human B cells and hybridoma cells for the detection of secreted antibodies using microengraving, achieving a detection of 23.3 pg/mL secreted antibodies per hour. This approach could help to improve the understanding of antibody isotype distributions and their roles in various diseases.
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| 35. |
- Hueting, David A., et al.
(författare)
-
Design, structure and plasma binding of ancestral β-CoV scaffold antigens
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the application of ancestral sequence reconstruction on coronavirus spike protein, resulting in stable and highly soluble ancestral scaffold antigens (AnSAs). The AnSAs interact with plasma of patients recovered from COVID-19 but do not bind to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. Cryo-EM analysis of the AnSAs yield high resolution structures (2.6–2.8 Å) indicating a closed pre-fusion conformation in which all three receptor-binding domains (RBDs) are facing downwards. The structures reveal an intricate hydrogen-bonding network mediated by well-resolved loops, both within and across monomers, tethering the N-terminal domain and RBD together. We show that AnSA-5 can induce and boost a broad-spectrum immune response against the wild-type RBD as well as circulating variants of concern in an immune organoid model derived from tonsils. Finally, we highlight how AnSAs are potent scaffolds by replacing the ancestral RBD with the wild-type sequence, which restores ACE2 binding and increases the interaction with convalescent plasma.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Jakobsen, Lasse H, et al.
(författare)
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No survival benefit associated with routine surveillance imaging for Hodgkin lymphoma in first remission : a Danish-Swedish population-based observational study
- 2016
-
Ingår i: British Journal of Haematology. - : Wiley. - 0007-1048 .- 1365-2141. ; 173:2, s. 236-244
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of routine imaging for patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) in complete remission (CR) is controversial. In a population-based study, we examined the post-remission survival of Danish and Swedish HL patients for whom follow-up practices were different. Follow-up in Denmark included routine imaging, usually for a minimum of 2 years, whereas clinical follow-up without routine imaging was standard in Sweden. A total of 317 Danish and 454 Swedish comparable HL patients aged 18-65 years, diagnosed in the period 2007-2012 and having achieved CR following ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine)/BEACOPP (bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisone) therapy, were included in the study. The cumulative progression rates in the first 2 years were 4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1-7) for patients with stage I-II disease vs. 12% (95% CI 6-18) for patients with stage III-IV disease. An imaging-based follow-up practice was not associated with a better post-remission survival in general (P = 0·2) or in stage-specific subgroups (P = 0·5 for I-II and P = 0·4 for III-IV). Age ≥45 years was the only independent adverse prognostic factor for survival. In conclusion, relapse of HL patients with CR is infrequent and systematic use of routine imaging in these patients does not improve post-remission survival. The present study supports clinical follow-up without routine imaging, as encouraged by the recent Lugano classification.
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| 40. |
- Jensen, Karen Schow, et al.
(författare)
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Temporal changes in incidence of relapse and outcome after relapse of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia over three decades : a Nordic population-based cohort study
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Leukemia. - : Springer Nature. - 0887-6924 .- 1476-5551. ; 36, s. 1274-1282
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Relapse remains the main obstacle to curing childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The aims of this study were to compare incidence of relapse, prognostic factors, and survival after relapse between three consecutive Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology trials. Relapse occurred as a primary event in 638 of 4 458 children (1.0–14.9 years) diagnosed with Ph-negative ALL between 1992 and 2018. The 5-year cumulative incidence of relapse was 17.3% (95% CI 15.4–19.2%) and 16.5% (95% CI 14.3–18.8%) for patients in the ALL1992 and ALL2000 trials, respectively, but decreased to 8.4% (95% CI 7.0–10.1%) for patients in the ALL2008 trial. No changes in duration of first complete remission and site of relapse were observed over time; however, high hyperdiploidy, and t(12;21) decreased in the ALL2008 trial. The 4-year overall survival after relapse was 56.6% (95% CI 52.5–60.5%) and no statistically significant temporal improvements were observed. Age ≥10 years, T-cell immunophenotype, bone-marrow involvement, early and very early relapse, hypodiploidy, and Down syndrome all independently predicted worse outcome after relapse. Improvements in the primary treatment of childhood ALL has resulted in fewer relapses. However, failure to improve outcome of remaining relapses suggests a selection of harder-to-cure relapses and calls for new therapeutic strategies.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Karén, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Kalkyler och beslut
- 1994. - 1
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Ingår i: Företag och marknad. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9144465017 ; , s. 129-247
-
Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 46. |
- Karén, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Kalkylering för produkter och investeringar : Övningsbok
- 2022. - 5
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna övningsbok syftar i första hand till att komplettera läroboken med samma titel, men den kan även användas fristående. Bokens övningar ger både en lättförståelig introduktion av ämnesområdet, och möjligheter till fördjupning av olika delavsnitt. Övningarna är därför av varierande svårighetsgrad och omfattning.I övningarna behandlas produktkalkyler, kalkyler för prissättningsbeslut, resultatanalyser, investeringsbedömning samt internredovisning av produktkalkyler.I denna upplaga är övningar uppdelade i två delar. Den första delen har en tydlig struktur kopplad till läroboken med samma titel, medan den andra delen visar alternativa sätt att lösa uppgifter liknande de i del ett men breddar dessutom innehållet med övningar som angränsar till vad läroboken tar upp. De senare övningarna lämpar sig också för lektionsgenomgångar eller som seminarieunderlag.Övningsboken vänder sig i första hand till studerande på kurser i kalkylering vid högskolor och universitet men kan med fördel även användas i företagsintern utbildning.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Karén, Mats, 1942-, et al.
(författare)
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Two studies on management accounting systems and performance in Swedish firms
- 2008
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Doctoral Thesis at Uppsala University Dissertation presented at Uppsala University to be publicly examined in Hörsal 2, Ekonomikum, Uppsala, Tuesday, November 11, 2008 at 10:15. Mats Karén for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. The examination will be conducted in Swedish. Dissertation presented at Uppala University to be publically examined in Hörsal 2, Ekonomikum, Uppsala, Tuesday, November 11, 2008 at 14.15. Sten Ljunggren, for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. The examination will be conducted in Swedish. Abstract Karén, Mats & Ljunggren, Sten, 2008. Title: Two studies on management accounting systems and performance in Swedish firms, 24 pp. Distributor: Uppsala University, Department of Business Studies, Box 513, SE – 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden. ISSN 1103-8454 The two studies reported in this thesis deals with two related management accounting problems with an empirical basis in Swedish firms. In the first study we analyse the existence of measures and methods within management accounting practice in Swedish firms. We aim at a systematic description of practice. We conduct a field study with broad data collection. We search for differences in firms and their contingencies. The results of the study showed some distinctive patterns. The existence of measures and methods is widespread and at the same time limited in the single firm. Simple measures and methods are more frequent than more complicated ones. There are some connections to chosen contingency variables, but with only 15 firms. Some firms do not seem to fit into one of the patterns identified. In the second study we analyse performance in Swedish firms. How can performance best be explained? To do this we start using two competing models, one model inspired from traditional contingency theory and one where a relation-based theory view is incorporated into a traditional contingency theory model. The two models differ in their view of variable causality: single directed in traditional contingency theory and reciprocal non recursive in the relation-based model. We analyse the explanatory power of the relation-based model in two steps, is there a reciprocal adjustment between the chosen variables and is there a positive interaction affect on performance? Then we compare the two models explanatory power of performance. From this point of departure we develop the traditional contingency theory model to a congruence fit-model and then compare this model with the relation-based model. In a concluding discussion we use a neo-contingency theory view model inspired by concepts such as quasi-fit and hetero-performance and compare to the relation-based model. An electronic survey was used in the data collection. The results showed that the relation-based-model has a greater explanatory power then models inspired by traditional contingency theory. Karén, Mats & Ljunggren, Sten, Department of Business Studies, Uppsala University, Box 513, SE – 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden ISSN 1103-8454 © Mats Karén and Sten Ljunggren Printed in Sweden 2008 by Universitetstryckeriet, Ekonomikum, Uppsala, Sweden
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| 50. |
- Klevås, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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A Packaging Redesign Project at IKEA
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Nordic case reader in Logistics and Supply Chain Management. - 9788776741358
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- IKEA is a product developing company, known for putting packaging and logistics issues at the top of its agenda. At IKEA, the product and the packaging are developed concurrently with the aim of lowering the total cost from the supplier to the customer. During the years 2002 to 2004, a pckaging redesign project was conducted at IKEA. The purpose of the project was to redesign the packaging for an existing product in order to minimize empty space. Very early on, it was evident that the suggested new packaging solution required a product redesign along with new manufacturing and packaging equipment. The product, tealights, was a complicated product due to safety regulations, standard sizes, etc. The project group not only had to involve different functions within IKEA but also had to convince a tealight manufacturer to collaborate. The results of the project had great implications for the logistics activities in the supply chain and affected all supply chain actors in many ways. The case is a good example of the interdisciplinary nature of packaging and its relations with product design and logistics activities.
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