| 1. |
- Andreasson, Martin, 1993-, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamics of related and unrelated digital diversification in established firms : Strategies, programs, process, and outcomes
- 2024
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Ingår i: Technological forecasting & social change. - : Elsevier. - 0040-1625 .- 1873-5509. ; 202
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research on digital transformation focuses on business models and technological innovation but it often lacks a detailed exploration of how firms develop, execute, and evaluate related and unrelated digital diversification strategies. To address this gap, this study employs a multiple case study approach to uncover the varied processes and outcomes of implementing digital diversification programs in established firms. The findings reveal that established firms frequently refine and adjust their digital diversification strategies to achieve desired results. Specifically, related digital diversification strategies benefit from well-defined market segments, clear technological focus, and robust senior management support. In contrast, unrelated digital diversification strategies thrive through extensive exploration and experimentation with novel digital technologies and markets, reduced senior managerial intervention and increased middle- and lower-level management involvement. Semi-related digital diversification strategies, which incorporate elements of both related and unrelated approaches, often encounter tensions owing to conflicting traditional and new program execution methods, posing significant realization challenges. Key factors identified as instrumental in the success of digital diversification strategies include technology, markets, management & organization, and program execution. The study concludes by discussing the managerial and academic implications and offers recommendations for future research in this domain.
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| 2. |
- Andreasson, Martin, 1993-
(författare)
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The process of executing digital transformation strategies : Case studies in established Swedish manufacturing firms
- 2023
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The emergence of digital technologies has forced established firms to engage in a digital transformation. Digital transformations are complex and time-consuming processes, and therefore, they require unique strategies for coordinating and prioritizing activities. Existing research provides some examples of established Swedish firms engaging in digital transformations to keep up with competition. Responding to the need to better understand how these firms approach their digital transformation, this thesis explores how digital transformation strategies have been executed by established Swedish manufacturing firms and why some digital transformation strategies are realized whereas others are not.This thesis builds on digital transformation and digital transformation strategy literature. The term "digital transformation" primarily refers to firms’ incorporation of digital technologies into products and services, the development of new digital business models, and new organizational setups. The term "digital transformation strategy," likewise, refers to the process of executing the digital transformation.To answer the research questions presented in this thesis, I conducted two studies at two different firms. Study 1 was an embedded longitudinal single-case study conducted at the corporate unit and two business units of one firm and includes 30 interviews. Study 2 was a multiple-case study conducted at two firms and included six cases and a total of nine interviews.This thesis’ examination of digital transformation strategies demonstrates how the firms incorporated both basic- and advanced-level digital technologies into existing and new products and created new digital services. The firms also implemented new business models, such as e-commerce channels and pay-per-use payment schemes. Further, the firms also introduced new organizational setups, such as cross-functional teams and departments specializing in digital technologies and their potential applications. The execution of the digital transformation strategies was dynamic, and the firms regularly reformulated their strategies throughout the process. Furthermore, this study’s analysis of the execution of digital transformation strategies highlighted how managers interpreted the firm’s intentions and created emergent strategic responses to adapt to new digital technologies and customer demands. The firms measured the outcomes of the digital transformation strategy by considering both traditional measurements, such as return on investment, and new measurements, such as positive brand image and customer engagement.The thesis identified three key elements that impact whether or not a firm is able to realize its digital transformation strategy. First, new digital products and services must be aligned with market demands and customer needs. Second, internal and external collaboration support digital product and service development. Third, all dimensions of the digital transformation must be managed to avoid creating a misalignment between the firm’s digital transformation strategy and current business strategy.The execution of a digital transformation strategy requires managers to constantly reevaluate the strategy and respond to changing customer demands and available digital technologies. The lessons of this thesis can provide managers within digitally transforming firms with useful tools to improve the execution process of their digital transformation strategy.
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| 3. |
- Berggren, Christian, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Are efficient nuclear power projects possible? : Lessons from Fenno- Swedish history
- 2023
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Ingår i: Kvartal.SE. - Sweden : Kvartal AB. - 2002-6269. ; , s. 1-3
-
Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- While the critics of nuclear power previously focused on safety risks, they now point to how modern nuclear power plant constructions are plagued by cost increases and excruciating delays, most recently in Finland's new Olkiluoto 3-plant which was finally commissioned in early 2023. These problems are avoidable, however. In the 1970s and 1980s, Sweden and Finland managed to build 14 new reactors without any costly delays. Stepwise, sequential expansion, continuous improvements, and knowledge transfer based on long-term partnerships were a crucial part of this forgotten achievement, After 14 years of delays and repeated budget overruns, Finland has commissioned its new large nuclear reactor Olkiluoto 3. The many problems that plagued its construction since its start in 2005 have also been highlighted in international media (1). But why was Olkiluoto 3 so late and expensive-and what can other projects and countries learn from this experience? From one per year to 18 years for one For nuclear power critics, the delays and budget overruns are a direct consequence of the complexity of these clear power plants and thus a reason to continue opposing new nuclear power. However, when comparing Olkiluoto 3 with Sweden's nuclear power expansion in 1972-1985 and the earlier Finnish projects Olkiluoto 1 and Olkiluoto 2, a quite different picture emerges.
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| 4. |
- Berggren, Christian, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
-
Drivers of a successful acquisition: The case of Jaguar Land Rover’s acquisition by Tata. : The case of Jaguar Land Rover’s acquisition by Tata.
- 2015
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Jaguar and Land Rover are two British premium automobile brands that were acquired by Indian car maker Tata Motors from Ford in the year 2008 for $2.3 billion. Literatures, in the past, have discussed several mergers and acquisition cases from the automobile industry. Although, being one of the largest & successful acquisitions in the industry, this acquisition has not received scholarly attention. What make the acquisition more interesting is the fact that Tata being an Indian low-cost car manufacturer attains success in handling a premiere brands like Jaguar Land Rover, while Ford in spite of its huge experience and size in the industry, failed to live up to the expectation.Since the acquisition has taken place, sales and profits of Jaguar Land Rover have seen a tremendous growth. In 2014, financial experts estimated that the valuation of Jaguar Land Rover increased from $2.3 billion to $14 billion in just 5 years. This paper aims to identify the various factors behind Tata-Jaguar Land Rover’s success story by comparing the post-acquisition strategies adopted by the two owners, Ford and Tata and thus, create the opportunity for the following research question:RQ1. What are the reasons behind Jaguar Land Rover’s success under Tata’s leadership?As Tata is a low cost car manufacturer and Jaguar Land Rover is a premium car maker, literature suggest some major challenges for maintaining the brand image of luxury products after change of such ownerships. In Tata-Jaguar Land Rover case, maintaining the ‘Country of origin, manufacturing and design’ status was found to be a serious challenge for Jaguar Land Rover. This research aims to identify the branding hurdles for Jaguar Land Rover after the change of ownership from Ford to Tata with the help of the following research question:RQ2. How has Jaguar Land Rover managed the brand image of “Premium British Brands’’ after the acquisition despite the new owner being a low cost car maker from India?This paper uses qualitative study primarily based on ten interviews with top management portfolio holders from Ford, Jaguar Land Rover and Tata as well as industry experts to study the differences in post-acquisition strategies adopted by the two owners. The preliminary findings show that market expansion and increased R&D investments are the major drivers behind the success of the Tata’s acquisition. The study reveals that Ford used organizational integration strategies, which limited the quality of decision making of Jaguar Land Rover management team. On the other hand, Tata has implemented “Separation strategy” and empowered decentralized decision making to Jaguar Land Rover’s managers. That has allowed Jaguar Land Rover to reinvest their profits in technology development and promotion of their brand image. In addition to increased investments and separation strategy, both Jaguar Land Rover and Tata have adopted effective pre and post acquisition communication strategies to develop trust among the internal and external stakeholders, which helped Jaguar Land Rover to sustain its brand image of being a “Premium British Car Maker”.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Berggren, Christian, et al.
(författare)
-
International R&D collaboration in high tech - the challenges of jet fighter development partnerships in
- 2014
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In core OECD countries, the defense industry is a preferred sector for government-supported development of advanced R&D and engineering capabilities, which are then diffused to civilian applications, e.g. airplanes and power turbines. This profile of government involvement and high tech makes defense system development attractive also for emerging economies, where policy makers strive to upgrade independent R&D capabilities. Within the defense sector, fighter jets are a particular demanding area in terms of system complexity, long life-cycle and extreme operational conditions. Also, fighter programs require large investments for long period of time: typically 10-20 years. Products are tightly integrated with all subsystems developed for a particular use. In contrast to consumer durables such as white goods, new entrants cannot start with reverse engineering and assembly to gradually move up the technology frontier, but have to compete with world leaders directly. Moreover, the global aerospace industry is an oligopolistic sector with cut-throat competition and very high switching costs for customers.This paper seeks the answers of the following questions: Which are the main factors leading up to the formation of new types of international partnerships in jet fighter development? A second question is: Which are the specific challenges related to such partnerships involving firms both from established and emerging economies? In order to answer these research questions Turkish jet fighter program is used as a case study.The paper shows that the chances to succeed are highly uncertain in this sector dominated by USA. Although Turkey developed some level of R&D capability in previous defence R&D programs, the complexity of jet fighter development poses new challenges. Previous experiences indicate that technical capabilities are not sufficient, equally important is the formation of local management capabilities. During the pre-development (concept) phase, Turkey chose to collaborate with Swedish Saab. The paper discusses several challenges in this type of collaboration for the future program development, concerning intra- as well as inter-organizational management, i. e. both the organization of the technical development projects, and the design of appropriate industry governance structures.
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| 7. |
- Berggren, Christian, et al.
(författare)
-
Scientific misconduct at an elite medical institute: The role of competing institutional logics and fragmented control
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Research Policy. - : Elsevier. - 0048-7333 .- 1873-7625. ; 48:2, s. 428-443
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The incidence of revealed fraud and dishonesty in academia is on the rise, and so is the number of studies seeking to explain scientific misconduct. This paper builds on the concepts of competing logics and institutional fields to analyze a serious case of medical and scientific misconduct at a leading research institute, Karolinska in Sweden, home to the Nobel Prize in Medicine.By distinguishing between a market-oriented, a medical and an academic logic, the study analyzes how various actors − executives, research leaders, co-authors, journal editors, medical doctors, science bloggers, investigative journalists and documentary filmmakers − sustained or tried to expose the misconduct. Despite repeated warnings from patient-responsible doctors and external academic reviewers, Karolinska protected the surgeon, Paolo Macchiarini, until a documentary film at the Swedish national public TV exposed the fraud which led to public inquiries and proposals for a new national ethics legislation.The analysis illustrates the power of a market-oriented logic focused on brand and image at the research institute and at a leading journal, but also the perseverance of the logics of scientific scrutiny and medical care among practicing doctors and independent academics although the carriers of these logics were less well organized than the carriers of the market-oriented logic. Furthermore, the analysis shows the problem of fragmented control in the academic institutional field. The discussion of remedies compares the Karolinska case, where media actors were instrumental in sanctioning the perpetrators, with a similar instance of medical misconduct at Duke in the US where the government agency (ORI) intervened and shows the limitations of both types of actors. The conclusion highlights the importance of studying misconduct management and institution-building in different fields to develop effective remedies.
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| 8. |
- Berggren, Christian, et al.
(författare)
-
The challenge of knowledge acquisition and integration in emerging economy firms
- 2015
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Knowledge-based theories of the firm have inspired a rich literature on the search, transfer and integration of knowledge in advanced economies. This paper builds on theories on boundaries and knowledge integration to analyze an important new subject: firms in emerging economies and their strategies for acquiring and integrating external knowledge and break with their past as local low-cost manufacturers. Studies within this area, we propose, may also provide fresh perspectives on the general discourse on knowledge integration across boundaries. We start with the empirical context, emerging economies and technological catch-up, with a focus on Turkey. Then we present case studies of firm strategies to overcome external knowledge boundaries, adopted by two of Turkey´s industry leaders. These strategies are analyzed using Carlile´s (2004) framework on knowledge boundaries. We conclude by briefly reviewing the difficulties faced by the studied firms, and what these difficulties may tell us about different types of boundaries.
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| 9. |
- Bernat, Stefan, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Accumulating technological capabilities through R&D projects : studies on the Brazilian defence industry
- 2018
-
Ingår i: International journal of technological learning, innovation and development. - Genèva : InderScience Publishers. - 1753-1942 .- 1753-1950. ; 10:3/4, s. 203-230
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Emerging economy firms (EEFs) have striven to accumulate technological capabilities and promote indigenous innovation for technology upgrading and catching-up. By assuming that R&D projects affect firm capabilities, this study investigated how EEFs can accumulate technological capabilities through R&D activities. A technological-capability framework was proposed with the dimensions of organisational structure, innovation processes, practice, resources and entrepreneurial leadership. The framework guided an exploratory case study of three R&D projects in the Brazilian defence industry: the thrust vector control (TVC), software-defined radio (SDR) and radar projects. The TVC project utilised existing firm capabilities, whereas the SDR and radar projects needed to develop their capabilities from scratch. Different paths were adopted to accumulate technological capabilities and deliver the projects’ outcomes. It was found that a balance between the dimensions may positively impact the rate at which technology capabilities are accumulated. Theoretical contributions and practical implications for EEFs are also discussed.
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| 10. |
- Bernat, Steran, et al.
(författare)
-
Capability Lifecycle Management Practices: Case of a Brazilian Company
- 2016
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Capability transformation occupies a central role in providing competitive advantages to firms facing rapidly changing environments. To track capability transformation, the existing literature proposes a capability lifecycle model that includes founding, development, and maturity stages and identifies several possible capability transformations such as retirement, retrenchment, replication, renewal, redeployment, and recombination. Monitoring can be used to check significant changes in the complex environment that includes political, economic, social, and technological fields and initiate capability transformation by adapting firms to new environmental conditions ahead of the competition. Learning mechanisms such as tacit accumulation of past experience and explicit knowledge articulation can also be employed to guide the capability evolution to capability innovation. This paper explores the transformation of capabilities in one Brazilian firm by looking for processes used to monitor and evaluate the environment and identifying learning mechanisms utilized during the capability transformation process. Results indicate that the firm has systematic monitoring activities in place and consistently applies learning mechanisms to support capability transformation. Recommendations for managerial and organizational processes concerning monitoring and organizational learning on the firm level are also developed
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| 11. |
- Bernat, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Fostering frugal innovation through computer-aided engineering : benefits and challenges for emerging economy firms
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Frugal innovation and its implementation. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030671198 ; , s. 117-138
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Frugal innovation has recently attracted the attention of scholars and practitioners seeking new approaches for innovating in both established and emerging economies. However, hitherto, the literature has been concerned mainly with defining the topic; few empirical studies exist on the development process underlying frugal innovation. This study, thus, explores if and how the digital simulation tools of computer-aided engineering (CAE) can foster frugal innovation and what the organizational challenges are that affect this process. Three firms from different industries in Brazil are analyzed through a multiple-case study. The results reveal that CAE can help firms by promoting the development of affordable and quality products, thereby fostering frugal innovation. CAE also contributes to sustainable development by facilitating the design of products that use fewer raw materials along with equipment that consumes less energy. Further, CAE can support business and organizational activities related to marketing and learning. However, firms need to first overcome organizational challenges related to software, hardware, and technical skills to achieve a minimum level of reliability for CAE outcomes. Otherwise, the development of frugal innovation may be jeopardized by inaccurate simulation results.
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| 12. |
- Bernat, Stefan, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
-
Strategic alignment of technology : Organising for technology upgrading in emerging economy firms
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Technological forecasting & social change. - New York City : Elsevier. - 0040-1625 .- 1873-5509. ; 145, s. 295-306
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Technology upgrading plays a crucial role in the catching-up process of emerging economy firms (EEFs) that aim to develop technological capabilities and move from imitation to innovation. The literature on emerging economies has mainly focused on how EEFs overcome the lack of technological knowledge at initial stages of catching-up while neglecting organisational issues that arise at later stages. The purpose of this study was to explore organisational activities performed by EEFs that are innovating at advanced stages of catching-up. Two Brazilian firms, namely Petrobras and WEG, were selected to be studied and to provide evidence for the research. The results indicate that both firms have systematically monitored their environments to look for windows of opportunity and have consistently invested in learning mechanisms to overcome shortcomings in knowledge. Furthermore, an activity for aligning strategy and technology was found to be key for optimising the technology upgrading process and for maximising its results.
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| 13. |
- Borah, Dhruba Jyoti, et al.
(författare)
-
Drivers for a successful acquisition : The case of Jaguar Land Rover’s acquisition by Tata
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Gerpisa colloquium, Paris (2015).
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The automotive management literature stated that Jaguar Land Rover (JLR) was not successful under Ford ownership. Recent JLR‟s reports and automotive publications highlight that JLR has been successful under Tata ownership. Therefore, this paper aims to identify the various factors behind Tata-JLR‟s success by investigating the post-acquisition strategies adopted by Tata for JLR. This paper uses qualitative study primarily based on interviews with top management portfolio holders from Ford, JLR and Tata as well as industry experts to study the differences in post-acquisition strategies adopted by the two owners. The findings show that separation strategy, market expansion, and increased investments are the major drivers behind the success of Tata‟s acquisition. Time of the acquisition (2008) has come out as a surprising success factor in this research. The study reveals that Ford used organizational integration strategy, which limited the quality of decision making of JLR management team. On the other hand, Tata has implemented separation strategy and empowered decentralized decision making to JLR‟s managers. This study also brings out a comparison of level of task integration between Jaguar Land Rover and its owners with the help of patent analysis
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| 14. |
- Cavalcante Bernat Junior, Stefan, 1974-
(författare)
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From Approaching to Challenging the Forerunners : A Study of Innovation Capability Building in Brazilian Firms
- 2023
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Innovation capability refers to the ability to continuously innovate. Firms have recognized this ability as the most critical source of innovation performance, firm performance, and sustained competitiveness. In emerging economies, innovation capability is also noted as a significant source of economic development, which can lead to improvements in education, health, and democracy. It is not easy to build innovation capabilities in emerging economies. Unlike firms in developed economies, emerging economy firms (EEFs) lack resources, competencies, and capabilities. They depend on international clusters of innovative suppliers, as critical resources are not readily available within the firm or with other domestic partners. EEFs also face low-quality education, weak institutions, and financial constraints. Although innovation capability building has attracted the interest of scholars over the last decades, the possibilities for developing better explanations of the concept are far from exhausted. The literature in this field still lacks consistency, a comprehensive viewpoint, and efficient operationalization. Moreover, economic slowdowns in several emerging economies reinforce the need to better understand how EEFs build innovation capability. For this purpose, the case study method was applied in the research papers to investigate firms from Brazil, a recognized emerging economy in Latin America. The research included 13 case studies based on 47 interviews and numerous secondary sources. In addition, different levels of analysis, ranging from project to firm to ecosystem, helped to complement and enrich the findings and conclusions. The research shows that EEFs build innovation capability by first learning and accumulating technological capabilities to approach the forerunners. Once the technological gap has been reduced, EEFs continue building their innovation capabilities by sensing the environment, seizing windows of opportunity, reconfiguring existing technological capabilities, managing suppliers and complementors, strategically aligning the technology upgrading, and providing continuous learning to keep their workforce prepared. At this later stage, the goal is to seize opportunities that help EEFs challenge or even overtake the forerunners. Finally, it is especially noteworthy that learning is present throughout the entire process.
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| 15. |
- da Silva, Luiz Eduardo
(författare)
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Collaboration in international technology transfer : the role of knowledge boundaries and boundary objects
- 2017
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Firms increasingly use choose collaborative arrangements to get access to the most recent and advanced technologies instead of trying to develop them in-home. Several emerging economies use such arrangements particularly in the defense industry as a vehicle for technology transfer to the local industry. The effectiveness of technology transfer, however, is affected by many factors. This paper analyzes international technology transfer as a challenge of inter-firm collaboration and a challenge of cross-boundary knowledge management, and highlights the role of boundary objects to mitigate problems of knowledge boundaries such transfers. Building on a comparative case study of two international technology transfer projects, the paper contributes to the understanding of how collaboration problems can affect the transfer of knowledge across knowledge boundaries and how the use of appropriate boundary objects may improve collaboration management and the knowledge transfer.
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| 16. |
- Engzell, Jeanette, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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Academic intrapreneurs navigating multiple institutional logics : An integrative framework for understanding and supporting intrapreneurship in universities
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Technovation. - : Elsevier. - 0166-4972 .- 1879-2383. ; 129
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although several studies have extensively discussed the role of intrapreneurs, individuals’ experiences of intrapreneurial processes in the academic context remain largely unexplored. The prominence of intrapreneurial logic in academia has led to increased institutional complexity and highlighting the need for an improved understanding of how to navigate multiple logics present at individual, organizational, and field levels to attain the desired intrapreneurial outcomes. To address these challenges, we propose an integrative framework that captures both organizational and individual-level responses to these multiple logics, while also incorporating intrapreneurial logic. Upon analyzing data from nineteen intrapreneurs across three universities, this study reveals that universities actively uphold the academic logic that intrapreneurs identify as a barrier, compelling them to refine their skills and actively hybridize logics by integrating multiple specific elements of intrapreneurship, teaching, and research. Simultaneously, universities incorporate intrapreneurial logic into their operational processes, even combining multiple logics, which intrapreneurs leverage within their own activities to push their ideas forward. The study offers implications for intrapreneurship literature, academic management, and policymakers to more effectively foster intrapreneurial activities.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Gottardello, Debora, et al.
(författare)
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Crisis innovation : a study of Michelin-starred restaurants' strategic renewal and alignment
- 2024
-
Ingår i: International Hospitality Review. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 2516-8142. ; 38:1, s. 119-142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Using the lens of crisis innovation and strategic alignment, this study explores how a segment of the restaurant sector that may be less agile than others — Michelin-starred restaurants — perceives and aligns with the challenges brought about by the COVID-19-pandemic.Design/methodology/approach: The study collected data from 19 Michelin-starred restaurants in Spain using a qualitative interview method. The data were analyzed qualitatively and organized thematically.Findings: Four key categories of strategic challenges were identified: human resources, uncertainty, control and economic challenges. In response, chefs displayed both behavioral and organizational strategies. Those organizational strategies were new human resource management, reorganization, product and service innovation and marketing. While the new human resource management actions adopted to align with the human resource challenges identified, a misalignment remains between some of the other strategic actions, such as product and service innovation, marketing and economic and uncertainty challenges.Originality/value The findings offer new insight into Michelin-starred restaurant chefs' challenges and (mis)alignment strategies, an area that has been understudied in the current literature on innovative responses in the hospitality sector post-pandemic.
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| 19. |
- Gottardello, Debora, et al.
(författare)
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Ideal and actual roles of university professors in academic integrity management: a comparative study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Studies in Higher Education. - : ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 0307-5079 .- 1470-174X. ; 47:3, s. 526-544
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Unethical behaviour has become an increasingly controversial issue in Higher Education institutes. There have been debates about the reasons for the increase in unethical behaviour. But many of those debates contain problems. A key problem has been the lack of empirical results about faculty members perceptions of their role in the phenomenon, how cultural contexts influence the perception of university teachers about their role in the academic integrity field and whether conflicts exist between what they believe their role should be and the types of roles they actually play. The aim of the study is to explore this aspect using a qualitative research design to facilitate comprehensive access to faculty members beliefs and practices. The findings suggest that professors believe the teaching role extends beyond encouraging the learning of the subject matter being studied and includes offering education and information to students about the importance of avoiding academic misconduct such as cheating and plagiarism. Implications for university across different countries are also discussed.
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| 20. |
- Gottardello, Debora, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding How Faculty Members Act When Faced with Plagiarism : A Cross-Cultural Study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Handbook of Academic Integrity. - Singapore : Springer. - 9789812870797
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This work develops the research into academic integrity in higher education and how this is ensured. The study collected data via semi-structured interviews with business management teachers at universities in several different countries. Participants discussed the strategies they used to detect plagiarism. An interpretive approach was therefore used to consider their plagiarism experiences. One key finding that emerged that is relevant to policymaking in the higher education sector is that plagiarism issues and methods of dealing with them should be regulated in a uniform manner. As such, the ways that teachers deal with such issues should always adhere to the policies of the university, and such policies should consider the seriousness of the infraction and respond accordingly. Such an approach would necessitate a standardized way of addressing the problem and support members of the faculty to contribute to developing and academic culture that prioritizes integrity.
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| 21. |
- Karabag, Solmaz Filiz, 1972-
(författare)
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An Unprecedented Global Crisis! The Global, Regional, National, Political, Economic and Commercial Impact of the Coronavirus Pandemic
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Economics and Business Research. - Canada : Journal of Applied Economics and Business Research. - 1927-033X. ; 10:1, s. 1-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The proliferation of the coronavirus has created a global, regional, national, political, societal, economic and commercial crisis. The coronavirus crisis not only can be characterized as a disruptive period of instability, uncertainty, and danger but also can be perceived as a period of accelerated diffusion of digital technologies, micro-level initiatives, and a consideration of established resource-intensive forms. This paper discusses the possible impact of coronavirus pandemic crisis in the short and long term and call for research in many social and technical science fields such as political science, economics, business, management and technology management. By this paper, I intend to foster an exchange of theoretical ideas and empirical research across these topics at JAEBR and other leading journals.
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| 22. |
- Karabag, Solmaz Filiz, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Antecedents of firm performance in emerging economies : Business groups, strategy, industry structure, and state support
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Business Research. - : Elsevier. - 0148-2963 .- 1873-7978. ; 67:10, s. 2212-2223
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A rich literature has investigated the antecedents of firm performance in developed economies, resulting in a consensus view that firm resources and strategy are the key determinants. Several arguments, however, suggest that in emerging economies other factors are more important for firm performance. This study analyzes the impact of firm strategy and industry structure as well as business group membership and state support on firm performance in an advanced emerging economy, Turkey. Using a data set compiled from a selection of the 1000 largest manufacturing firms in this country, the study employs several regression models to identify the main determinants of firm performance as measured by productivity and net profit margin. In contrast to studies of developed economies, the investigation finds that firm-related factors (competitive strategies) do not significantly influence performance; instead factors related to industry structure and business group membership are the strongest determinants of firm performance; further, state support interacts with business group membership and is positively related to productivity.
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| 23. |
- Karabag, Solmaz Filiz, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Back to the Merton ideals? Corporate fraud, scientific dishonesty, and the need to reform academic institutions and identity
- 2013
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Ingår i: 35th DRUID Celebration Conference 2013, proceeding. - : Druid Web.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- For a long time, plagiarism and data manipulation have been dealt with as serious issues in science and medicine. Reluctantly, academic dishonesty and manipulation are also becoming important issues in social sciences, with prestigious journals recently retracting several published and highly cited papers. This paper provides statistics on retracted papers during the last 12 years in management and economics as reported in several comprehensive databases, Ebsco Business Source Premier, Emerald, JSTOR, ScienceDirect, Springer, Taylor & Francis Online and Wiley Online Library and analyzes which, if any, explicit policies journals have formulated in this area. Drawing on recent analyses of persistent corporate fraud, the paper discusses the role of similar mechanisms for the non-discovery of academic fraud, such as institutional endorsement and ascription, fragmented control and mimetic herding. This analysis is related to current forms of academic identity construction, where publications outlets and numbers trump substance, and referencing is more important than reading or reflecting. The paper ends with a menu of possible remedies, from journal policies and the practices of employment committees to the everyday actions of individual academics.
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| 24. |
- Karabag, Solmaz Filiz, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamics of Catching Up : Exploring National, Sectoral, and Ownership Influences in Two Emerging Economy Firms
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Management & Organization Studies. - Turkey : Beta Basım Yayın Dağıtım. - 2149-2646 .- 2667-8365. ; 8:2, s. 121-176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extant literature has extensively studied innovation-capability building in emerging economy firms (EEFs) from South Korea and China, but tends to neglect EEFs in somewhat less successful emerging economies, like Brazil and Turkey. Compared to the Asian countries, Brazil and Turkey liberalized and opened up their markets to global competition and the investments of multinational enterprises (MNEs) earlier, which implied other opportunities as well as restrictions for innovation-capability building in local firms. By analyzing different ways of catching-up in two Turkish firms, this study reveals that, unlike the East Asian cases, national factors such as state support did not significantly promote the innovation activities. Instead, sectoral and firm-level factors, such as competition, learning trajectories, and technological dynamics were the key ones affecting the studied firms’ processes of innovation-capability building. These factors, particularly the learning trajectories, were heavily influenced by ownership characteristics. In one of the cases, the involvement of a Turkish diversified business group played a vital role in a locally engineered and independent learning process; in the other case, the technological and organizational learning process exploited the advantages of being a joint venture between a foreign multinational and a Turkish owner group. The study suggests that technological catch-up alone is insufficient for emerging economy firms. To build an enduring competitive advantage, they also need to develop organizational and international marketing capabilities. Thus, the alignment among technology innovation, marketing, and organizational capabilities is vital for a firm catch-up in competitive market environments.
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| 25. |
- Karabag, Solmaz Filiz, 1972-
(författare)
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Factors impacting firm failure and technological development : A study of three emerging-economy firms
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Business Research. - : Elsevier. - 0148-2963 .- 1873-7978. ; 98, s. 462-474
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several studies examine the successful globalization and technological development of emerging-economy firms. However, few discuss why some other emerging-economy firms do not develop sufficient technological capabilities, and thus, fail in domestics and global markets. Consequently, the understanding of emerging-economy firm diversity is limited. By analyzing the failure of three firms in two major industries in Turkey, this study identifies a complex set of factors contributing to this outcome. These factors include political risk, macroeconomic regime, national technology policies, and industry dynamics, as well as firm-related factors such as ownership, strategic intent, and the approach to, and current stage of, technology capability development. The results indicate that some of these factors support firm success in the short term but discourage learning and technological capability building, and thus, cause firm failures in the long term. Thus, the study illustrates the importance of studying emerging-economy firms from an extended contextual and temporal perspective.
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| 26. |
- Karabag, Solmaz Filiz, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Firm innovativeness in emerging economies : the case of fast moving innovators in the Turkish automotive and white goods industries
- 2012
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Ingår i: R&D Management Conference 2012. - 9780955936746 ; , s. 128-129
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A long-standing research tradition has studied processes of late industrialization, with China as the most recent and publicized case. A strong trend among late industrializers is to move rapidly from manufacturing, to product design and to creation of indigenous R&D capabilities. This paper analyzes such a process taking place close to Europe, in the rapidly growing Turkish economy. Most of the literature on R&D internationalization and innovation in emerging economies studies the country level. To these studies the paper brings an important complement by analyzing the performance of individual innovating firms and the structural conditions underpinning their development, such as the role of state support, business group ownership and business group orientation. The paper builds on a comparative case study of two firms in the automotive and white goods industries, and their R&D and product development trajectory, and a brief comparison of the involved business group with other types of business group orientation in Turkey. Insights in innovative, knowledge-acquiring firms in emerging economies are key to understand the broader dynamics of the global knowledge economy, and the new challenges for technology-based firms in the West, where firms from the ´periphery´ suddenly emerge as competitors, not based on low cost but on innovation, patenting and product design. By showing that firms may pursue different roads to upgrading from close collaboration with multinational companies to independent strategies based on autonomous development of proprietary technological knowledge, the paper calls for a differentiated understanding of emerging economy dynamics.
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| 27. |
- Karabag, Solmaz Filiz, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
From Licensing to Innovation : Alternative Ways of Capability Building at Firms in Emerging Economies
- 2013
-
Ingår i: R&D Management Conference's Proceeding. - 9780955936753
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies of the rapid economic development in East Asia have generated several models how industries in latecomer economies may upgrade from low-end manufacturing to full-blown product development capabilities. With the exception of some Korea and Taiwan’s firms, however, there are few studies of the innovation journey of specific firms and the challenges, managerial efforts and uncertainties involved in linking to and learning from international knowledge centers. Moreover, the alternative ways suggested in the literature to acquire knowledge for innovation, need to be analyzed and compared from a firm and management perspective.This paper analyzes the strategic options confronting emerging economy firms which aspire to succeed in global competition. Using in-depth studies of two company cases in Turkey, one in white goods and one in the automotive industry, the paper details the combination of efforts and investments required to move up the technology ladder from license-based domestic businesses to independent, internationally competitive capabilities on par with global innovation leaders. The paper shows the critical value of long-term ownership structures for independent capability building but also indicates the difficulty of building brand value commensurate with technological achievements. Further, the paper demonstrates the limits of the alternative way, joint venture agreements, where MNEs tend to retain exclusive control of key technologies and product decisions. Here the paper suggests that coordinated private and Government efforts might be needed to position local partner firms as global centers of “niche” excellence within the multinational configuration.
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| 28. |
- Karabag, Solmaz Filiz, 1972-
(författare)
-
Functions and Behaviors of Tourists in Experience Management Process : Case of Three Independent Business Tourists
- 2012
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Ingår i: Field Guide to Case Study Research in Tourism, Hospitality and Leisure. - New York : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 9781780527420 - 9781780527437 ; , s. 275-296
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tourism literature tends to focus on passive tourists, who constitute the majority of tourists today. However, there is a growing number of individuals who overlap their study, work, and business with tourism activities. These independent tourists have created a new segment in the tourism industry, where tourists develop and experience their own tourism activities. However, there is a lack of current research on these independent tourists, especially in terms of how they function in the experience management process and how this can be translated into various new types of offers.This study investigates the functions, experiences, and behaviors of this type of tourists. Accordingly, this study makes use of purposive sampling, employing direct observation, in-depth interviews, and analysis of personal social media (e.g., blogs). The findings show that while some independent tourists function in a multitude of ways, from searching for ideas to composing, creating, and experiencing their own products, others are less active and tend to piggyback their efforts on those of more active tourists. The study finds that the motivational matrix is highly important for individuals who combine work and tourism. Working persons with a strong motivation for tourism relative to work maintain high levels of commitment, activity, and creativity in the tourism sphere, especially when they face problems with their work. Highly satisfied independent tourists initiate future actions by either revisiting the same destination or leading others to have similar experiences at the same location. Finally, the chapter discusses some methodological lessons learned from direct observation and in-depth interviews and studying social media.
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| 29. |
- Karabag, Solmaz Filiz, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
International R&D collaboration in high tech - the challenges of jet fighter development partnerships in emerging economies
- 2015
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Ingår i: Handbook of Research on Driving Competitive Advantage through Lean and Disruptive Innovation. - Hershey, USA : IGI Global. - 1522501355 - 9781522501350 ; , s. 455-472
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter seeks the answers to the following research question: Which are the challenges related to high tech R&D collaboration involving firms both from established and emerging economies? To answer this question, the Turkish jet fighter program is used as a case study. The study shows the chances to succeed are highly uncertain in this sector dominated by USA. Although Turkey acquired some level of R&D capability in previous defense R&D programs, the complexity of jet fighter development poses new challenges. Previous experiences indicate that technical capabilities are not sufficient, equally important is the formation of management capabilities. During the pre-development (concept) phase, Turkey chose to collaborate with Swedish Saab. The paper discusses several challenges in this type of collaboration for a full-scale jet fighter development program- These challenges concern intra- as well as inter-organizational management, the organization of the technical development projects, and the design of appropriate industry governance structures.
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| 30. |
- Karabag, Solmaz Filiz, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Joint ventures or independence? Alternative ways of R&D capability building at emerging economy firms
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies of the rapid economic development in East Asia suggest several factors which influence how industries inlatecomer economies can utilize external knowledge to upgrade from low-end manufacturing to full-blown productdevelopment capabilities. A main aspect in this process is the learning and capability development at the level of firms.However, there are few studies of the innovation journey of specific latecomer firms and the challenges, managerialefforts and uncertainties involved in accessing and learning from international knowledge centers. Specifically, thevarious ways to acquire knowledge for innovation suggested in the literature need to be examined.This paper analyzes the strategic options confronting latecomer firms which aspire to succeed in global competition.Based on in-depth studies in two Turkish industries, white goods and automotive, the paper details the combination ofefforts and investments required to move up the technology ladder from license-based domestic businesses tointernationally competitive capabilities. Two principal ways of acquiring innovation proficiency are compared:independent capability building versus international joint ventures. The paper shows the power of the former, but alsoindicates the difficulty of fostering brand value commensurate with technological achievements. Further the analysisreveals the reasons for and the limits of the alternative way, joint venture agreements, where MNEs tend to retainexclusive control of core technologies. The discussion section suggests that in sectors where independent capabilitybuilding is implausible; it might be possible to position local firms as global niche centers of excellence withinmultinational configurations, if private and government efforts are skilfully coordinated.
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| 31. |
- Karabag, Solmaz Filiz, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Misconduct, Marginality and Editorial Practices in Management, Business, and Economics Journals
- 2016
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - Cambridge, UK : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 11:7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesThe paper presents data on the two problems of misconduct and marginality in management, business and economics (MBE) journals and their practices to combat these problems.DesignData was collected in three phases. First, all publicly retracted papers in MBE journals were identified through keywords searches in 7 major databases (n = 1329 journals). Second, a focused survey was distributed to editors involved in such retractions (n = 64; response rate = 28%). Finally, a survey was administered to all active journals in the seven databases to collect data on editors’ perceptions and practices related to the two problems (n = 937, response rate = 31.8%). Frequency analyses, cross tabulations, and qualitative analyses of open answers were used to examine the data.Results184 retracted papers in MBE journals were identified in 2005–2015 (no retraction was found before 2005). From 2005–2007 to 2012–2015, the number of retractions increased by a factor ten with an all-time high in 2015. The survey to journals with reported retractions illustrates how already a few cases of suspected misconduct put a strain on the editorial workload. The survey to all active journals revealed that 42% of the respondents had started to use software to screen all submitted papers, and that a majority recognized the problem of marginality, as indicated by salami-style submissions. According to some editors, reviewers easily spot such submissions whereas others argued that authors may submit thinly sliced papers in parallel to several journals, which means that this practice is only discovered post-publication. The survey question on ways to support creative contributions stimulated a rich response of ideas regarding editorial vision, engaged boards and developmental approaches. The study uses data from three specialized fields, but its findings may be highly relevant to many journals in the social sciences.
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| 32. |
- Karabag, Solmaz Filiz, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Retraction, Dishonesty and Plagiarism : Analysis of a Crucial Issue for Academic Publishing, and the Inadequate Responses from Leading Journals in Economics and Management Disciplines
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Economics and Business Research. - : JAEBR. - 1927-033X. ; 2:4, s. 172-183
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Academic dishonesty and plagiarism have become hot issues in newspapers and academia. However, there are few studies of how leading journals are handling these issues. Therefore the purpose of this paper is to analyze the current situation and policies concerning academic dishonesty, plagiarism and paper retractions in academia in general, and business and economics disciplines in particular. Four databases, Ebsco Business Source Premier, Emerald, JSTOR and ScienceDirect, have been examined. This survey shows that while some science journals, e.g. medical journals, are very active in retracting papers due to the dishonesty and plagiarism, business and economics journals are not. The survey also displays that some journals have already published explicit policies regarding academic honesty; within the business field, however, only two established and one emerging journal discuss such policies. Given the extent of the problem, it seems important that more journals openly confront the situation, elaborate and publish explicit policies how to reduce the future occurrence of academic dishonesty and plagiarism.
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| 33. |
- Karabag, Solmaz Filiz, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Separation or Integration for Successful Acquisition? : A Comparative Study of Established and Emerging Economies' Firms
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Economics and Business Research. - Burnaby, Canada : Journal of Applied Economics and Business Research. - 1927-033X. ; 8:1, s. 1-23
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies of the post-acquisition practices of established economy firms argue that integration is one of the most important factors that drives acquisition performance. Recent research suggests that firms from emerging economies may use different approaches in their acquisitions. However, there is a lack of studies of the post-acquisition strategies of emerging economy firms. This study presents an in-depth case study of the strategy of an emerging economy firm from a large business group after its acquisition of a classical brand-name company in a developed economy. Moreover, this strategy and its performance outcomes is compared with the strategy of the acquired firm´s previous owner, an established MNE from a leading OECD country. The study reveals that the emerging economy firm, Tata Motors, pursued a consistent separation strategy in all the investigated areas – human resource management, new product development, production, and marketing. Moreover, this separation strategy turned out to be much more successful than the integration strategy pursued by the previous owner, Ford Motors.
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| 34. |
- Karabag, Solmaz Filiz, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Struggling with knowledge boundaries and stickiness : case studies of innovating firms in an emerging economy
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Managing knowledge integration across boundaries. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 9780198785972 - 0198785976 ; , s. 139-154
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter investigates the efforts of firms in emerging economies to acquire the advanced knowledge needed to build internationally competitive innovation capabilities. Two studies of innovator firms in Turkey are analysed using Carlile´s framework of syntactic, semantic and pragmatic boundaries. The findings show how firms use external collaboration to overcome semantic boundaries related to interpretive ambiguity, and international windows of opportunity to bypass pragmatic, interest-related knowledge boundaries.
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| 35. |
- Karabag, Solmaz Filiz, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
The Global, Regional, National, Sectoral, Economic, and Commercial Impact of the Russo-Ukrainian War and the Emerging Second Cold War
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Applied Economics and Business Research. - Canada : JOURNAL APPLIED ECONOMICS & BUSINESS RESEARCH. - 1927-033X. ; 12:2, s. 58-70
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper suggests that the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian war and existing rivalries among future global leaders, such as the USA vs. China, NATO vs. Russia, and China vs. India, may result in a second Cold War. A new global order and the emerging second Cold War will have many impacts on global, regional, national, and political economies and sectors, as well as commercial and business activities. This paper elaborates on the new(de)globalization, diminishing national and regional economic powers, and environmental challenges. Nations will develop new industrial policies and try to secure global supply chains and material flow. At the same time, itis expected that investment in defense, energy, and food sectors will increase to shore up national and regional security. Tourism and other travel-based sectors, such as sports events, might degrow. These wars might deinternationalize the activities of corporations who would need to develop new business processes, organizational forms, and technological capabilities to protect their existing markets and businesses. Based on these arguments and discussions, the paper calls for studies to examine new research ideas and suggest empirical research to expand our understanding and support the informed decision-making of policymakers and managers.
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| 36. |
- Karabag, Solmaz Filiz, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
The Limits of R&D Internationalization and the Importance of Local Initiatives: Turkey as a Critical Case
- 2011
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Ingår i: World Development. - : Elsevier. - 0305-750X .- 1873-5991. ; 39:8, s. 1347-1357
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The growth of Randamp;D in East Asia has triggered the notion of a new innovation geography, where Randamp;D is no longer a privilege of the traditional OECD countries. What does this mean for mid-sized emerging economies, without the scale advantages and bargaining power of India or China? This paper uses Turkey as a case to examine the continual unevenness of international Randamp;D investments. By analyzing opportunities and limitations for local initiatives in the telecommunications, pharmaceutical, and automotive industries the paper finds that active private capital, a sufficient scale of production, and focused public policies are needed to attract international Randamp;D.
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| 37. |
- Karabag, Solmaz Filiz, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
The role of individual motivation, organizational climate and perception of fairness in academics' norm subscription and unethical research practices
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Problems of scientific misconduct, from blatant fraud to questionable research practices, have gained public attention in the wake of several scientific scandals. A common response is to ask for more administrative regulation and control. However, Merton´s classic analysis of academia as an autonomous social institution emphasized the role of its ethos, which he condensed in the four CUDOS-ideals: Commun(al)ism, Universalism, Disinterestedness and Organized Skepticism. These norms Merton related to a perceived absence of fraud in his time. Later researchers, however, have suggested that scientific subcultures may subscribe to norms contrary to the CUDOS-principles, which might have an important effect on attitudes to scientific integrity.Several studies show that organization-related factors, such as competitive pressures, reinforce extrinsic motivation but undermine intrinsic motivation and increase the risks of cheating. In a first step, we use these results to build a model which considers how factors in the organizational climate are related to norm subscription, and how these factors and norms directly and indirectly impact on research ethics. A survey to organization researchers received 200 responses which indicated a good fit between our survey items and the model variables. In a second, planned step, we will explore how academic institutions may build ethics infrastructure to support scientific norm building and facilitate the exposure of unethical behavior.
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| 38. |
- Karabag, Solmaz Filiz, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Trust Building for Technological Collaboration” R&D management conference
- 2016
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- According to the literature on technological collaboration, trust between the partners involved plays a major role for the outcome. The current study analyzes trust and attitudes to collaboration in a technology transfer project between two high-technology firms—one located in a developed economy, the other in an emerging economy. Compared with previous research the study has a two major benefits: equal access to participants on both sides; and a longitudinal design which will make it possible to understand the dynamics of trust, attitudes and emergent actions.This paper presents preliminary findings from the first stage of the transfer project and is based on a survey administered to 93 engineers from both firms. The survey collected data on trust propensity, trustworthiness (competence, integrity and benevolence), image of the other party and personal expectations and analyzed how these factors influence attitudes to collaboration. Preliminary findings confirm that trust propensity, perceived competence and benevolence, image of the other party and personal expectations all have an impact on attitudes to collaboration. Perceived integrity, however, did not show any correlation to attitudes to collaboration, which implies that managers on both sides will need time and effort to demonstrate their capabilities in this area to each other.
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| 39. |
- Magnusson, Thomas, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainability transitions in tourism : on the transformation of a fragmented sector
- 2024
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Ingår i: Tourism Geographies. - Abingdon, Oxon : Routledge. - 1461-6688 .- 1470-1340.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This conceptual paper argues that there are unrealized benefits from a cross-fertilization between research on sustainable tourism and sustainability transitions studies. With the aim to stimulate such cross-fertilization, the paper identifies three contemporary streams in sustainability transitions studies that are particularly relevant for sustainable tourism: deep transitions, transitions in practice, and the geography of transitions. These three streams present complementary perspectives, which can help reach a more nuanced understanding of transition processes in the tourism sector. The paper concludes that while research on sustainable tourism can benefit from theories, concepts, and frameworks from research on sustainability transitions, research on sustainable tourism can support further conceptual developments in sustainability transitions studies.
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| 40. |
- Werner, Viktor, 1993-
(författare)
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Ghosts of the Past or Facilitators of the Future? : Firm-System Interactions in the Transition to Electrified Goods Transportation
- 2023
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- If you visit Linköping, you have good chances to see electrified cars, or you may even take a ride on an electric city bus. However, you will have some difficulty spotting one of the very few electric trucks operating in the city. The transition to a road-based goods transportation system with electrified trucks is much slower than the transition to electrified passenger transport in Sweden. Part of the explanation for this are the profound system changes required to realize a competitive electrified goods transportation system, a system that involves different firms with significantly different resources and varying relationships to existing system structures. This thesis aims to contribute to transition studies by mapping out how firm-system interactions unfold during an ongoing sustainability transition. Therefore, attention is placed on how dynamic transition processes are affected by firms with stakes in the emerging socio-technical system for electrified goods transportation. The thesis also emphasizes the firms' limitations in shaping the environment in which the electrified trucks will operate. The data on which the thesis is based was collected within the context of two research projects, both funded by the Swedish Energy Agency and affiliated with the Swedish Electromobility Center. The data collection included observations at 42 industry events and 34 semi-structured interviews with different actors involved in the development of electrified goods transportation in Sweden. In addition, a literature review was conducted based on articles in the research community of transition studies, highlighting how established firms in the automotive sector handle major transitions of socio-technical systems. In general, the thesis contributes to the ongoing discussion in transition studies about the role of firms in transitions. In particular, there is a vivid discussion about two issues in this research community: how established firms can contribute to ongoing transition processes and how to understand the interactions between firms and systems during ongoing transitions. This thesis synthesizes the results of five articles to address these questions in three main ways. First, the thesis contributes to the discussion on incumbent firms with an "extreme" empirical case of system reconfiguration, characterized by the interactions between two socio-technical systems where incumbent firms play the role of users and producers in both systems. The thesis describes how different incumbent firms have different system functions and different resources and how these functions and resources are reshaped as the new system emerges. Second, the dissertation contributes with a conceptualization of two types of interactions between firms and systems, covering how the firm can influence the emerging system and how feedback from the emerging system travels back to the firm. The thesis nuances the academic discussions on firm-system interactions by considering the possibilities of established firms to strategically invest in a favorable dynamic of co-evolution between their own resources and the emerging socio-technical system. Third, the thesis develops analytical tools to investigate how incumbent firms can influence changes in their environment by contributing to the design of favorable future markets and to understand how incumbent firms influence problem-solution couplings during transitions.
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| 41. |
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