| 1. |
- Andersch-Björkman, Ylva, et al.
(författare)
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Air-oxidized linalool elicits eczema in allergic patients-a repeated open application test study.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Contact dermatitis. - : Wiley. - 1600-0536 .- 0105-1873. ; 70:3, s. 129-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Linalool is a commonly used fragrance terpene that forms potent sensitizers upon oxidation. In a recent multicentre study, we found that 7% of 2900 patients showed positive patch test reactions to oxidized linalool at 6.0%. No elicitation studies have been performed.
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| 2. |
- Flach, Rafaela, et al.
(författare)
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Towards more spatially explicit assessments of virtual water flows: linking local water use and scarcity to global demand of Brazilian farming commodities
- 2016
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Ingår i: Environmental Research Letters. - : IOP PUBLISHING LTD. - 1748-9326. ; 11:7, s. 075003-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Global consumption of farming commodities is an important driver of water demand in regions of production. This is the case in Brazil, which has emerged as one of the main producers of globally traded farming commodities. Traditional methods to assess environmental implications of this demand rely on international trade material flows at country resolution; we argue for the need of finer scales that capture spatial heterogeneity in environmental variables in the regions of production, and that account for differential sourcing within the borders of a country of production. Toillustrate this, we obtain virtual water flows from Brazilian municipalities to countries of consumption, by allocating high-resolution water footprints of sugarcane and soy production to spatially-explicit material trade flows. We found that this approach results in differences of virtual water use estimations of over 20% when compared to approaches that disregard spatial heterogeneity in sourcing patterns, for three of the main consumers of the analysed crops. This discrepancy against methods using national resolution in trade flows is determined by national heterogeneity in water resources, and differential sourcing. To illustrate the practical implications of this approach, we relate virtual water flows to water stress, identifying where global demand for water coincides with high levels of water stress. For instance, the virtual water flows for Brazilian sugarcane sourced by China were disproportionally less associated to areas with higher water stress when compared to those of the EU, due to EUs much higher reliance on sugarcane from water scarce areas in Northeast Brazil. Our findings indicate that the policy relevance of current assessments of virtual water flows that rely on trade data aggregated at the national level may be hampered, as they do not capture the spatial heterogeneity in water resources, water use and water management options.
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| 3. |
- Öhlund, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Apex predator induces predator-rich ecosystem state innorthern lakes
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Large predators are disappearing from ecosystems around the world. If predator speciesfacilitate each other’s existence through niche construction, this development could causecascading predator collapses and reduce ecosystem resilience. However, the importance offacilitation for the assembly and function of predator communities remains poorly understood.Here, we show that a large piscivorous fish, the northern pike (Esox lucius), enables theformation of a numerous and diverse predator community by inducing a dwarf ecotype ofEuropean whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus). Pike increases the standing biomass of prey-sized(<200mm) whitefish with a factor of 12.6, allowing small-gaped fish species (Percafluviatilis, Lota lota, Salvelinus alpinus and Salmo trutta) to go from small-growinggeneralists, to large-growing piscivores. Similarly, a guild of piscivorous birds (Gavia arctica,G. stellata, Sterna paradisaea, S. hirundo, Mergus serrator and M. merganser) shift from amixed diet to relying mainly on whitefish prey in presence of pike. Through this regime shift,the functional piscivore biomass in the non-pike fish community increases with a factor of14.2, and the density- and species richness of piscivorous birds increase with factors of 2.08and 2.16, respectively. Our results demonstrate how feedbacks between presence/absence ofimportant predators and the phenotype of prey may keep complex ecosystems in predator-richor predator-depleted states.
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