| 1. |
- Ny, Pernilla, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Middle Eastern mothers in Sweden, their experiences of the maternal health service and their partners involvement
- 2007
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Ingår i: Reproductive Health. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1742-4755 .- 1742-4755. ; 4:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Traditional patterns relating to how to handle pregnancy and birth are often challenged due to migration. The purpose of this study was to describe Middle Eastern mothers' experiences of the maternal health care services in Sweden and the involvement of their male partner. Methods Thirteen immigrant mothers from the Middle East who had used the maternal health services in Sweden were interviewed using focus group discussions and individual interviews. These were taped, transcribed and analysed according to Content analysis. Results The four main categories that developed were: • Access to the professional midwife • Useful counselling • Stable motherhood in transition • Being a family living in a different culture Conclusion According to the respondents in this study, understanding the woman's native language or her culture was not vital to develop a good relationship with the midwife. Instead the immigrant woman developed trust in the midwife based on the knowledge and the empathy the midwife imparted. Increasing the amount of first trimester antenatal visits could avoid spontaneous visits to the emergency clinic. There was a greater need for involvement and support by the father during the perinatal period, such as caring for older children and carrying out household chores since the mothers' earlier female network was often lost. Clinical implications There is a need to involve immigrant parents in the available parental education in order to prepare them for parenthood in their new country as well as to explore their altered family situation. Collecting immigrant women and their partner's, experiences of maternal health care services offers a possibility to improve the existing care, both in content, access and availability where the timing of visits and content require further evaluation.
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| 2. |
- Beijer, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Utvärderingsverkstäder i välfärdsverksamheter : studier av verkstädernas kvalitet och nytta
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Med inspiration från aktionsforskningen har olika former av förändringsinriktad och deltagarbaserad forskning och utvecklingsarbete utvecklats, under beteckningar som forsknings- eller FoU-cirklar (Socialstyrelsen, 2002), participatorisk aktionsforskning (Participatory Action Research, PAR) (Holmer & Starrin, 1993), handlingsorienterat forskningssamarbete (Co-operative Inquiry) (Reason & Heron, 1986; Hummelvoll, 2006). Dessa olika arbetssätt förenas i en gemensam syn på hur kunskap kan utvecklas, spridas och användas: gemensamt och i samarbete, och inte utifrån ett ’top-down-perspektiv’. Utvärderingsverkstäder (i fortsättningen förkortat UV), som utgår från denna tradition, arrangeras av FoU-enheter inom välfärdsområdet, och/eller av högskola/universitet. I dessa verkstäder träffas en grupp deltagare tillsammans med utvärderingskunniga ledare från FoU-enheten/högskolan. Deltagarna genomför med stöd från ledarna och de övriga deltagarna utvärderingar, eller utvecklar system för utvärdering, på uppdrag av sina respektive organisationer.Syftet med detta paper är att redovisa och diskutera tio års erfarenheter från UV vid fyra FoU-enheter och en högskola i Mellansverige, ur deltagarnas och deras organisationers, samt ledarnas och de ansvariga enheternas/högskolans perspektiv.
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| 3. |
- Beijer, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Verkstäder för utvärdering i välfärdsverksamheter : erfarenheter från några svenska FoU-enheter och högskolor
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I denna rapport beskrivs och värderas erfarenheter från utvärderingsverkstäder, som är en pedagogisk form för att simultant lära om utvärdering och att genomföra utvärderingar inom välfärdsområdet. Rapporten bygger på studier av utvärderingsverkstäder liksom på författarnas egna erfarenheter från att bedriva verkstäder. Studien har genomförts inom ramen för Nätverket för utvärderingsverkstäder (Nuv). Initiativet till Nuv togs 2008 från Mälardalens Högskola och dess utvärderingsakademi. Nätverket etablerades mellan de enheter vars medarbetare medverkar i denna rapport; FoU Välfärd Värmland (Bengt G Eriksson), FoU i Väst/GR (Elisabeth Beijer), Mälardalens Högskola och FoU i Sörmland (Kari Jess, Laila Niklasson, Ove Karlsson Vestman) och FoU Sjuhärad Välfärd (Per-Åke Karlsson). Jennifer C Greene, gästprofessor vid Mälardalens högskola, medverkade under en tid i nätverket och bidrar även i denna antologi. Tanken med Nuv är att samla och sprida erfarenheter från redan genomförda verkstäder, för att på så sätt bidra till en utveckling där flera utvärderingsverkstäder kommer till stånd och till att förbättra arbetsmodellen på basis av gjorda erfarenheter. Denna antologi är ett led i detta. Rapporten har antologins form där varje författare svarar för innehållet i respektive kapitel. Grundmaterialet för kapitlen utgörs av de studier vi genomfört gemensamt samt erfarenheter från att leda utvärderingsverkstäder. Våren 2009 genomförde vi tillsammans en enkätundersökning riktad till deltagare i utvärderingsverkstäderna. Vi vill passa på att tacka deltagarna som tog sig tid att besvara enkäten. Dessutom genomfördes något senare ett antal intervjuer med några deltagare i utvärderingsverkstäderna liksom med några av deras chefer (tillika uppdragsgivare för utvärderingsuppdragen). Även dessa vill vi tacka för att de välvilligt låtit sig intervjuas om sina erfarenheter från verkstäderna. Vår förhoppning är att antologin ska bidra till att sprida kunskap om utvärderingsverkstäder, bidra till utveckling av metodiken samt inspirera till ytterligare verkstäder.
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| 4. |
- Caesar, Ulla, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Delayed and cancelled orthopaedic surgery; are there solutions to reduce the complex set of problems? A systematic literature review.
- 2021
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Ingår i: International journal of clinical practice. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1742-1241 .- 1368-5031. ; 75:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Unexpected cancellations of, and delays to, orthopaedic surgery have adverse effects, with a negative impact on hospital performance and undesirable patient outcomes. As cancellations and delays are common, finding measures to prevent them is a matter of urgency.The present systematic review conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and the Cochrane Handbook. Peer-reviewed studies reporting on cancellations or delays in patients requiring emergency orthopaedic or planned orthopaedic surgery that compared care action/intervention with no action or traditional care were included. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation used to assess the quality of evidence of the results from the included studies. The objective of the present study was systematically to search and review the literature for qualitative evidence of factors that might reduce cancellations of and delays to orthopaedic surgical procedures.The electronic search yielded 1209 studies and eight articles were included in the performed quality assessment. The heterogeneity of the studies and the lack of calculations and statistics in the studies resulted in no meta-analysis. The result of the quality assessment indicated that the evidence ranked from low to very low across the different outcomes. The main limiting factor, which was the reason for a decrease in quality in some outcomes, was the study designs, which were non-randomised control or retrospective approach. The interventions in the included studies could help to support a reduction in the risk of cancelled and delayed orthopaedic procedures.This systematic literature review has revealed important evidence to help reduce the risk of cancelled and delayed orthopaedic procedures associated with a variety of care action exposures. They include a fast-track pathway, pre-operative guidelines and telephone contact with patients prior to surgery, as well as careful consideration of additional pre-operative tests.
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| 5. |
- Fawcett, Christine, et al.
(författare)
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Individual differences in pupil dilation to others’ emotional and neutral eyes with varying pupil sizes
- 2022
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Ingår i: Cognition & Emotion. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0269-9931 .- 1464-0600. ; 36:5, s. 928-942
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sensitivity to others’ emotional signals is an important factor for social interaction. While many studies of emotional reactivity focus on facial emotional expressions, signals such as pupil dilation which can indicate arousal, may also affect observers. For example, observers’ pupils dilate when viewing someone with dilated pupils, so-called pupillary contagion. Yet it is unclear how pupil size and emotional expression interact as signals. Further, examining individual differences in emotional reactivity to others can shed light on its mechanisms and potential outcomes. In the current study, adults’ (N = 453) pupil size was assessed while they viewed images of the eye region of individuals varying in emotional expression (neutral, happy, sad, fearful, angry) and pupil size (large, medium, small). Participants showed pupillary contagion regardless of the emotional expression. Individual differences in demographics (gender, age, socioeconomic status) and psychosocial factors (anxiety, depression, sleep problems) were also examined, yet the only factor related to pupillary contagion was socioeconomic status, with higher socioeconomic status predicting less pupillary contagion for emotionally-neutral stimuli. The results suggest that while pupillary contagion is a robust phenomenon, it can vary meaningfully across individuals.
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| 6. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 7. |
- Nordén, J., et al.
(författare)
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Nutrition impact symptoms and body composition in patients with COPD
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 69:2, s. 256-261
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Objectives:Anorexia or lack of appetite is common in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and may be caused or augmented by several symptoms affecting appetite and eating. We aimed to investigate and quantify the extent of nutrition impact symptoms (NIS) in patients with COPD and to explore relationships between NIS and fat-free mass depletion.Subjects/Methods:The results in this cross-sectional study are based on 169 COPD patients (62% female subjects). Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy and the patients reported NIS by two newly developed questionnaires: the Eating Symptoms Questionnaire (ESQ) and the Disease-Related Appetite Questionnaire (DRAQ).Results:Symptoms with the highest prevalence were dry mouth (71%), stomach ache (39%), pain or aches affecting appetite (36%) and constipation (35%). Problems with diarrhoea and feeling affected by smells were more severe among women compared with men (P<0.05). Thirty-six percent of the patients were depleted (fat-free mass index (FFMI) <15 kg/m(2) for women and FFMI<16 kg/m(2) for men). Depleted patients had more NIS (P<0.05) and also rated appetite and taste of food as worse compared with non-depleted patients (P<0.05).Conclusions:NIS are common in patients with COPD, and depleted patients have more severe symptoms. To investigate how these symptoms are best prevented and/or managed and whether NIS prevention/treatment can affect development of malnutrition in patients with COPD is a challenge for the future.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Adra, Jamila, et al.
(författare)
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Distribution of locoregional breast cancer recurrence in relation to postoperative radiation fields and biological subtypes.
- 2019
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Ingår i: International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-355X .- 0360-3016. ; 105:2, s. 285-295
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- and purpose: To investigate incidence and location of locoregional recurrence (LRR) in patients who have received postoperative locoregional radiotherapy (LRRT) for primary breast cancer. LRR-position in relation to applied radiotherapy and the primary tumours biological subtype were analysed with the aim to evaluate current target guidelines and RT techniques in relation to tumour biology.Medical records were reviewed for all patients who received postoperative LRRT for primary BC in southwestern Sweden from 2004-2008 (N=923). Patients with LRR as a first event were identified (N=57, distant failure and death were considered competing risks). CT images identifying LRR were used to compare LRR locations to postoperative LRRT fields. LRR risk and distribution were then related to the primary BC biological subtype and to current target guidelines.Cumulative LRR incidence after 10 years was 7.1% (95%CI 5.5-9.1). Fifty-seven of the 923 patients in the cohort developed LRR (30 local recurrences (LR), 30 regional recurrences (RR), of which 3 cases of simultaneous LR/RR). Most cases of LRR developed fully (56%) or partially (26%) within postoperatively irradiated areas. The most common location for out-of-field RR was cranial to RT fields in the supraclavicular fossa. Patients with an ER- (HR 4.6, p<0.001, 95%CI 2.5-8.4) or HER2+ (HR 2.4, p=0.007, 95%CI 1.3-4.7) primary BC presented higher risks of LRR compared to those with ER+ tumours. ER-/HER2+ tumours more frequently recurred in-field (68%) rather than marginal/out-of-field (32%). In addition, 75% of in-field recurrences derived from an ER-/HER+ tumour, compared to 45% of marginal/out-of-field recurrences. A complete pathological response in the axilla after neoadjuvant treatment was associated with a lower degree of LRR risk (p=0.022).Incidence and locations of LRR seems to be related to the primary BC biological subtype. Individualized LRRT according to tumour biology may be applied to improve outcomes.
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| 10. |
- Ahlgren, Erik, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Biokombi Rya - slutrapporter från ingående delprojekt
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Inom projektet Biokombi Rya har ett flertal olika forskargrupper samarbetat för att studera system¬effekterna av förgasning av biobränsle ur olika aspekter. Syftet med projektet är att öka kunskapen om biobränsleförgasning i Sverige samt att utreda förutsättningar för att sådana anläggningar ska vara ekonomiskt och miljömässigt intressanta. En referensgrupp har varit kopplad till projektet där förutsättningar, resultat och slutsatser har behandlats.I denna underlagsrapport har slutrapporterna från projektets delprojekt samlats. De beskriver förutsättningar, metodansatser, använda data och resultat utförligt och utgör på så sätt ett viktigt komplement till den mer övergripande beskrivningen i projektets syntesrapport. De delrapporter som ingår har valts för att täcka in samtliga delar av projektet som är av allmänt intresse. Projektresultat som publicerats på annat sätt berörs dock mer kortfattat.Projektet Biokombi Rya har pågått under två år (2005-2006) och drivits av Chalmers EnergiCentrum. Förutom de omfattande analysinsatser som författarna till denna rapport står för, har Avdelningen för kemisk teknologi vid KTH, Siemens Industrial Turbines AB och Göteborg Energi AB bidragit med expertstöd. CIT Industriell Energianalys, med undertecknad som projektledare, har stått för projektledning och koordination.Projektet har finansierats av Energimyndigheten, Göteborg Energis forsknings¬stiftelse samt Göteborg Energi AB.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Alexandersson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Let´s Come Together : A Macro-Oriented Model for Organizing the Support o EBP
- 2012
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Ingår i: Implementing Evicence-Informed Practice. International Perspectives. - : Canadian Scholars' Press. - 9781551304014 ; , s. 156-169
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this chapter a macro oriented model for understanding what is needed to develope EBP in socialt welfare work is developed and illustrated.
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| 13. |
- Alexandersson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Producing and consuming knowledge in social work practice: research and development activities in a Swedish context
- 2009
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Ingår i: Evidence & Policy. - : Bristol University Press. - 1744-2648 .- 1744-2656. ; 5:2, s. 127-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents various forms of activities performed by locally based social welfare research and development (R&D) units in Sweden. The authors argue that these units are vital actors in the field of encouraging and strengthening evidence-based social work practice. They are close to social services organisations and have the ability to use flexible methods in order to bridge the gap between research and practice in a local context. The theoretical framework for the article is the organisational excellence model – an archetype for how research can be used in practice.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Andersson, Jonny K, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Cost description of clinical examination and MRI in wrist ligament injuries
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 2000-656X .- 2000-6764. ; 52:1, s. 30-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The total number and cost of wrist MRIs in the catchment area of the Vastra Gotaland Region in Sweden (population 1 723 000) during 1 year was analysed, together with the number and content of referrals. Methods: Six radiology departments reported the numbers and rate of all MRI investigations intended to diagnose wrist ligament injuries (n=411) and other injuries to the wrist. Results: The additional cost of the difference between MRIs and a clinical examination by a hand surgeon, plus indirect costs for patients with suspected wrist ligament injuries, was calculated as 957 000 euros. Conclusions: It is recommended that MRI should only be used in patients in whom there are clinical difficulties in terms of diagnosing wrist ligament injuries. It is suggested that patients with suspected wrist ligament injuries should be referred directly to an experienced hand surgeon, capable of performing a standardised wrist examination and, when needed, diagnostic arthroscopy and final treatment. The proposed algorithm for the diagnosis and treatment of suspected wrist ligament injuries presented in the present study could save time for the patient and for the radiology departments, as well as reducing costs. The ability to implement the early and appropriate treatment of acute ligament injuries could be improved at the same time.
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| 16. |
- Andersson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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External mirroring of inner chaos : Blogging as experienced by the relatives of people with cancer
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Palliative Nursing. - 1357-6321 .- 2052-286X. ; 19:1, s. 16-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Relatives of a person suffering from cancer risk being affected both physically and psychologically. Blogging has become increasingly popular as a forum for communicating experiences, but few studies have focused on what blogging about a relative's cancer journey means to the author. Aim: To illuminate relatives' experiences of blogging when a family member is in the end-of-life phase of cancer. Method: Telephone interviews were conducted with 12 people about their experiences of blogging during and after their family member's illness. The data was analysed using qualitative content analysis. Findings: Blogging facilitated everyday life, introduced the relatives to new friends with similar experiences, helped them in their grief process, and helped them to preserve memories. The negative aspects were being misunderstood and publicly criticised as well as the feeling of providing readers with 'reality show' entertainment. Conclusion: Blogging was seen as a complement to professional care that contributed to the prevention of ill health.
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| 17. |
- Arinder, Pernilla, et al.
(författare)
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Transfer and Decontamination of S. aureus in Transmission Routes Regarding Hands and Contact Surfaces
- 2016
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 11:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hand hygiene, cleaning and disinfection are pre-requirements for hygiene management in hospital settings and the food industry. In order to facilitate risk management, different contamination scenarios and interventions need to be evaluated. In the present study data on transfer rates and reductions of Staphylococcus aureus were provided in an experimental set-up using artificial skin. Using this methodology, test persons were not exposed with pathogenic bacteria. An exposure assessment model was developed and applied to evaluate different contamination routes and hygiene interventions. The transfer rates of S. aureus from inoculated VITRO-SKIN® to fomites were calculated from blotting series. The VITRO-SKIN® was more prone to spread bacteria than fomites. When different surfaces were cleaned, the reduction of S. aureus varied between <1 and 7 log CFU. It could not be concluded that a certain coupon material, cleaning agent, cleaning wipe, soiling or humidity consistently resulted in a high or low reduction of S. aureus. The reduction of S. aureus and E. coli during hand washing was evaluated on artificial skin, VITRO-SKIN®. The reduction of E. coli on VITRO-SKIN® was similar to the log reduction obtained when washing human hands. The S. aureus count on a human hand was both calculated in different scenarios describing different contamination routes starting from a contaminated hand using the exposure assessment model, and measured on an experimental setup using VITRO-SKIN® for validation. A linear relationship was obtained between the analysed level of S. aureus and the calculated level. However, the calculated levels of S. aureus on the VITRO-SKIN® in the scenarios were 1–1.5 log lower than the analysed level. One of the scenarios was used to study the effect of interventions like hand washing and cleaning of surfaces.
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| 18. |
- B Jensen, Irene, et al.
(författare)
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Promoting Evidence-Based Practice for Improved Occupational Safety and Health at Workplaces in Sweden. Report on a Practice-Based Research Network Approach.
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 17:15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite the rapid growth in research and R&D expenditures, the translation of research into practice is limited. One approach to increase the translation and utilization of research is practice based research networks. With the aim of strengthening evidence-based practice (EBP) within occupational health services in Sweden (OH-Services), a practice-based research network (PBRN-OSH) was developed. The PBRN-OSH includes researchers and representatives from end-users. This paper reports on the development, outputs and lessons learned in the PBRN-OSH. The PBRN-OSH resulted in several practice-based research projects as well as different measures to ensure EBP in OSH such as the governmentally sanctioned national guidelines for the OH-services. Moreover, results show that the competence in EBP increased among practitioners at the OH-services. Conducting research in a PBRN is more resource demanding; however, this does not imply that it is less cost effective. To succeed in increasing the utility of research findings via PBRN, resources must be invested into an infrastructure that supports collaboration in the PBRN, including costs for a variety of means of dissemination. Further, translation activities need to be included in academic career paths and reward systems if a major improvement in the impact and return of investments from research is to be expected.
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| 19. |
- Backhaus, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Antimicrobial susceptibility of invasive pneumococcal isolates from a region in south-west Sweden 1998-2001.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5548 .- 1651-1980. ; 39:1, s. 19-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Invasive disease caused by antibiotic resistant pneumococci is a worldwide problem. All invasive pneumococcal strains in an area of south-west Sweden with 1.7 million inhabitants were collected prospectively during 1998-2001. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by E-test and correlated to serotypes and clinical characteristics. Of 827 strains, 744 (90%) were susceptible (S) to all agents tested and 83 (10%) were indeterminate (I) or resistant (R) to at least 1 agent. 22 isolates (2.7%) were I to penicillin (MIC >0.06 to < or = 1.0 mg/l), but none were R (MIC >1.0 mg/l). Numbers and proportions of decreased susceptibility against other agents tested were as follows: erythromycin R: 30 (3.6%), clindamycin R: 6 (0.7%), tetracycline R: 16 (1.9%), moxifloxacin R: 1 (0.1%), cotrimoxazole I: 17 (2%) and R: 31(4%). Non-susceptibility to at least 1 agent was not correlated with age, clinical manifestation, underlying diseases and outcome. The serotype distribution differed between non-susceptible and susceptible strains. The serotypes in the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine covered 42% of all infections and 73% of those caused by non-susceptible strains. In conclusion, the impact of antibiotic resistance in invasive pneumococcal disease remains limited in south-west Sweden.
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| 20. |
- Baranowska Körberg, Izabella, et al.
(författare)
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A Simple Repeat Polymorphism in the MITF-M Promoter Is a Key Regulator of White Spotting in Dogs
- 2014
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:8, s. e104363-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The white spotting locus (S) in dogs is colocalized with the MITF (microphtalmia-associated transcription factor) gene. The phenotypic effects of the four S alleles range from solid colour (S) to extreme white spotting (s(w)). We have investigated four candidate mutations associated with the s(w) allele, a SINE insertion, a SNP at a conserved site and a simple repeat polymorphism all associated with the MITF-M promoter as well as a 12 base pair deletion in exon 1B. The variants associated with white spotting at all four loci were also found among wolves and we conclude that none of these could be a sole causal mutation, at least not for extreme white spotting. We propose that the three canine white spotting alleles are not caused by three independent mutations but represent haplotype effects due to different combinations of causal polymorphisms. The simple repeat polymorphism showed extensive diversity both in dogs and wolves, and allele-sharing was common between wolves and white spotted dogs but was non-existent between solid and spotted dogs as well as between wolves and solid dogs. This finding was unexpected as Solid is assumed to be the wild-type allele. The data indicate that the simple repeat polymorphism has been a target for selection during dog domestication and breed formation. We also evaluated the significance of the three MITF-M associated polymorphisms with a Luciferase assay, and found conclusive evidence that the simple repeat polymorphism affects promoter activity. Three alleles associated with white spotting gave consistently lower promoter activity compared with the allele associated with solid colour. We propose that the simple repeat polymorphism affects cooperativity between transcription factors binding on either flanking sides of the repeat. Thus, both genetic and functional evidence show that the simple repeat polymorphism is a key regulator of white spotting in dogs.
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| 21. |
- Barendregt, Wolmet, et al.
(författare)
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Lessons from the Evaluation of Game for Developing Number Sense
- 2013
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Ingår i: Chi 2013 Workshop.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we describe the methodological lessons that we learned from the evaluation of Fingu, an iPad game to help children between 4 and 7 years old to develop number sense through use of their fingers. We pay attention to the recruitment of the teachers and children, the selection of the measurement instruments, the distribution of the game to the children, handling a group of testers, and controlling of the use of the game during the study.
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| 22. |
- Bengtsson, Mariette, et al.
(författare)
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Utveckling och samstämmighet avseende bedömningskriterier i de vetenskapliga metodkurserna 1, 4, 8 och 9 på sjuksköterskeprogrammet på Malmö Högskola
- 2008
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- BAKGRUND Idag sker den vetenskapliga metodskolningen i huvudämnet omvårdnad i kurserna 1, 4, 8 och 9 på sjuksköterskeprogrammet på Malmö Högskola. Studenter har visat i utvärderingar att det inte fanns någon kontinuitet och progression mellan de vetenskapliga metodkurserna på sjuksköterskeprogrammet, vilket också uppmärksammats av undervisarna. Enligt förvaltningslagen är det en myndighetsutövning gentemot en enskild person när en examinator sätter ett betyg. Därför måste betygssättning hanteras rättsäkert och konsekvent vilket kräver väl förankrade betygskriterier (Ekecrantz, 2007). För att säkra kvalitet och kontinuitet mellan kurserna 1, 4, 8 och 9 på sjuksköterskeprogrammet på Malmö Högskola och för att EU-anpassa betygsgraderingen enligt ECTS-skalan (ECTS USERS`GUIDE) behövdes nya bedömningskriterier baserade på nya lärandemål enligt Bologna processen utarbetas. För att successivt öka kunskapsstegringen mellan de vetenskapliga metodkurserna har i ett tidigare projekt nya lärandemål enligt Bologna modellen för respektive kurs utarbetats. SYFTE Syftet med projektet är att identifiera och formulera bedömningskriterier baserade på en successiv kunskapsstegring inom forskningsområdet omvårdnad både avseende metod och ett kritiskt förhållningssätt. GENOMFÖRANDE Arbetet påbörjades i augusti 2007 och projektgruppen består av sex undervisande och examinerande lärare i de berörda kurserna. Litteratur i ämnet studerades och gruppen samlade in information om hur andra universitet och högskolor tillämpat ECTS-skalan. Arbetsgrupper för respektive kurs bildades som utarbetade förslag för bedömningskriterier A till F för respektive kurs. Därefter strålade arbetsgrupperna samman för att gemensamt fastställa samstämmighet samt progression mellan kurserna. Gruppen har också diskuterat examinationsformer, undervisningsmetoder, litteratur och begreppsdefinitioner relaterade till betygskriterier. Arbetet har också lett till att lärandemålen för respektive kurs har fått korrigeras och anpassat för att kunna vara utvärderingsbara. För att få studenternas synpunkter kommer de utarbetade förslagen att presenteras för studenter i respektive kurs för att få deras syn på bedömningskriterierna. Studenter i kurs 4 och 8/9 kommer under läsåret 08/09 att få vara delaktiga i utvecklingsprocessen av bedömningskriterierna. Implementering av resultatet kan tidigast ske VT09 och kommer därefter att utvärderas. Betygskriterierna kan ses i bilaga 1-5. DISKUSSION Dessa kriterier skall vara ett stöd för betygsättning av examensarbete såväl som seminarier och enskilda uppgifter dock utan att minska examinatorns ansvar för bedömningen. Bedömningskriterierna bör också ge utrymme för examinatorns egen bedömning (Boij m.fl., 2007). Betygskriterierna skall fungera som ett stöd för examinatorn så väl som för studenten, som kan inspireras att sträva efter ett högre betyg. Eftersom ECTS-graderingen är målrelaterad så finns det inget krav på att en viss del av studenterna skall få ett visst betyg. Det är dock viktigt att kraven för E skall vara likvärdiga med betyget GODKÄND. Det finns både fördelar och nackdelar med betyg i många grader. Enligt Ekecrantz (2007) ger det större precision och rättvisa samt en bättre feedback till studenterna på deras prestationer. Ekecrantz menar dock att många grader kan leda till ökad stress för studenten och ge en ökad arbetsbelastning för läraren samt att examinationsformerna kan försämras. Arbetsgruppen håller inte riktigt med om detta. Visserligen kan examinationsformerna behöva förändras men det behöver nödvändigtvis inte leda till en försämring. En intressant aspekt som Boij m.fl. (2007) tar upp i sin rapport från Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan är att bedömning av t.ex. examensarbete kan göras utifrån flera perspektiv såsom process, vetenskapligt innehåll och prestation för att examinatorn skall kunna skaffa ett bra underlag för att sätta betyg. Studentinflytande är viktigt och det är en utmaning att få studenterna delaktiga i processen, vilket inte har varit så lätt inom alla verksamheter (Åkesson 2006).
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| 23. |
- Bengtsson, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
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Producing and consuming knowledge in social work practice : Research and development activities in a Swedish context.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Evidence and policy. - : Policy Press. - 1744-2648 .- 1744-2656. ; 5:2, s. 127-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this article is to describe how experince-based knowledge can be made visible by giving some examples of how this has been done in Swedish social welfare services, in collaborations between social services agencies and research and development (R&D) units. These examples will be linked to theories and discussed in relation to different research utilisation models. By using one of these models, it is argued that R&D activities can broaden the concept of evidence-based practice and help brigde the gap between research and practice.
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| 24. |
- Biermann, Jana, et al.
(författare)
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A 17-marker panel for global genomic instability in breast cancer.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Genomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0888-7543 .- 1089-8646. ; 112:2, s. 1151-1161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genomic instability is a hallmark of cancer that plays a pivotal role in breast cancer development and evolution. A number of existing prognostic gene expression signatures for breast cancer are based on proliferation-related genes. Here, we identified a 17-marker panel associated with genome stability. A total of 136 primary breast carcinomas were stratified by genome stability. Matched gene expression profiles showed an innate segregation based on genome stability. We identified a 17-marker panel stratifying the training and validation cohorts into high- and low-risk patients. The 17 genes associated with genomic instability strongly impacted clinical outcome in breast cancer. Pathway analyses determined chromosome organisation, cell cycle regulation, and RNA processing as the underlying biological processes, thereby offering options for drug development and treatment tailoring. Our work supports the applicability of the 17-marker panel to improve clinical outcome prediction for breast cancer patients based on a signature accounting for genomic instability.
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| 25. |
- Biermann, Jana, et al.
(författare)
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A novel 18-marker panel predicting clinical outcome in breast cancer
- 2017
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Ingår i: Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology. - 1538-7755. ; 26:11, s. 1619-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gene expression profiling has made considerable contributions to our understanding of cancer biology and clinical care. This study describes a novel gene expression signature for breast cancer-specific survival that was validated using external datasets. Gene expression signatures for invasive breast carcinomas (mainly Luminal B subtype) corresponding to 136 patients were analysed using Cox regression and the effect of each gene on disease-specific survival (DSS) was estimated. Iterative Bayesian Model Averaging was applied on multivariable Cox regression models resulting in an 18-marker panel, which was validated using three external validation datasets. The 18 genes were analysed for common pathways and functions using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software. This study complied with the REMARK criteria. The 18-gene multivariable model showed a high predictive power for DSS in the training and validation cohort and a clear stratification between high- and low-risk patients. The differentially expressed genes were predominantly involved in biological processes such as cell cycle, DNA replication, recombination, and repair. Furthermore, the majority of the 18 genes were found to play a pivotal role in cancer. Our findings demonstrated that the 18 molecular markers were strong predictors of breast cancer-specific mortality. The stable time-dependent area under the ROC curve function (AUC(t)) and high C-indices in the training and validation cohorts were further improved by fitting a combined model consisting of the 18-marker panel and established clinical markers. Our work supports the applicability of this 18-marker panel to improve clinical outcome prediction for breast cancer patients.
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| 26. |
- Biermann, Jana, et al.
(författare)
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Clonal relatedness in tumour pairs of breast cancer patients.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Breast cancer research : BCR. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1465-542X. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Molecular classification of tumour clonality is currently not evaluated in multiple invasive breast carcinomas, despite evidence suggesting common clonal origins. There is no consensus about which type of data (e.g. copy number, mutation, histology) and especially which statistical method is most suitable to distinguish clonal recurrences from independent primary tumours.Thirty-seven invasive breast tumour pairs were stratified according to laterality and time interval between the diagnoses of the two tumours. In a multi-omics approach, tumour clonality was analysed by integrating clinical characteristics (n=37), DNA copy number (n=37), DNA methylation (n=8), gene expression microarray (n=7), RNA sequencing (n=3), and SNP genotyping data (n=3). Different statistical methods, e.g. the diagnostic similarity index (SI), were used to classify the tumours as clonally related recurrences or independent primary tumours.The SI and hierarchical clustering showed similar tendencies and the highest concordance with the other methods. Concordant evidence for tumour clonality was found in 46% (17/37) of patients. Notably, no association was found between the current clinical guidelines and molecular tumour features.A more accurate classification of clonal relatedness between multiple breast tumours may help to mitigate treatment failure and relapse by integrating tumour-associated molecular features, clinical parameters, and statistical methods. Guidelines need to be defined with exact thresholds to standardise clonality testing in a routine diagnostic setting.
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| 27. |
- Biermann, Jana, et al.
(författare)
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Radiation-induced genomic instability in breast carcinomas of the Swedish haemangioma cohort.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Genes, chromosomes & cancer. - : Wiley. - 1098-2264 .- 1045-2257. ; 58:9, s. 627-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Radiation-induced genomic instability (GI) is hypothesized to persist after exposure and ultimately promote carcinogenesis. Based on the absorbed dose to the breast, an increased risk of developing breast cancer was shown in the Swedish haemangioma cohort that was treated with radium-226 for skin haemangioma as infants. Here, we screened 31 primary breast carcinomas for genetic alterations using the OncoScan CNV Plus Assay to assess GI and chromothripsis-like patterns associated with the absorbed dose to the breast. Higher absorbed doses were associated with increased numbers of copy number alterations (CNAs) in the tumour genome and thus a more unstable genome. Hence, the observed dose-dependent GI in the tumour genome is a measurable manifestation of the long-term effects of irradiation. We developed a highly predictive Cox regression model for overall survival based on the interaction between absorbed dose and GI. The Swedish haemangioma cohort is a valuable cohort to investigate the biological relationship between absorbed dose and GI in irradiated humans. This work gives a biological basis for improved risk assessment to minimize carcinogenesis as a secondary disease after radiation therapy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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| 28. |
- Biermann, Jana, et al.
(författare)
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Tumour clonality in paired invasive breast carcinomas
- 2019
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Ingår i: Cancer Research. - 0008-5472.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Multiple invasive breast tumours may represent either independent primary tumours or clonal recurrences of the first tumour, where the same progenitor cell gives rise to all of the detected tumours. Consequently, the driver events for the progenitor cell need to have been identical in early tumour development. Molecular classification of tumour clonality is not currently evaluated in multiple invasive breast carcinomas, despite evidence suggesting common clonal origins. Furthermore, there is no consensus about which type of biological data (e.g. copy number, mutation, histology) and especially which statistical method is most suitable to distinguish clonal recurrences from independent primary tumours. Methods: Thirty-seven invasive breast tumour pairs were stratified by laterality (bilateral vs. ipsilateral) and the time interval between the diagnoses of the first and second tumours (synchronous vs. metachronous). Both tumours from the same patient were analysed by integrating clinical characteristics (n = 37), DNA copy number (n = 37), DNA methylation (n = 8), gene expression microarray (n = 7), RNA sequencing (n = 3), and SNP genotyping data (n = 3). Different statistical methods, e.g. the diagnostic similarity index (SI), distance measure, shared segment analysis etc., were used to classify the tumours from the same patient as clonally related recurrences or independent primary tumours. Results: The SI applied on DNA copy numbers derived from aCGH (array comparative genomic hybridization) data was determined as the strongest indicator of clonal relatedness as it showed the highest concordance with all other methods. The distance measure was the most conservative method and the shared segment analysis most liberal. Concordant evidence for tumour clonality was found in 46% (17/37) of the patients. Notably, no significant association was found between the clinical characteristics and molecular tumour features. Conclusions: A more accurate classification of clonal relatedness between multiple breast tumours may help to mitigate treatment failure and relapse by integrating tumour-associated molecular features, clinical parameters, and statistical methods. In cases of extremely similar or different tumour pairs, the results showed consistency regardless of the method used. The SI can be easily integrated into clinical routine using FFPE samples to obtain copy number data. However, clinical guidelines with exact thresholds need to be defined to standardize clonality testing in a routine diagnostic setting.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Brännström, K. Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Extended high-frequency pure tone hearing thresholds and core executive functions
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 57:9, s. 639-645
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To examine the relationship between extended high-frequency pure tone hearing thresholds (frequencies 10 to 14 kHz) and working memory capacity (WMC), inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility. Design: Experimental study measuring correlations between different high-frequency hearing threshold measures and cognitive measures. Study: Pure tone audiometry was assessed in the extended high-frequency (frequencies 10, 12.5 and 14 kHz). Subjects were also tested regarding WMC, inhibitory control (response inhibition), and cognitive flexibility (information updating and shifting ability). Sample: Forty-three subjects between 20 and 29 years old with normal hearing (≤ 20 dB HL) in the frequency range between 0.125 to 8 kHz. Results: No significant correlations were seen between high-frequency hearing thresholds defined as average best and worst ear high-frequency hearing thresholds and the cognitive measures. Differences between the best and the worst ear showed significant negative correlations with inhibitory control and global executive function (combination score for WMC, inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility). Conclusions: The present study suggests that global executive functions, more specifically response inhibition, and hearing threshold asymmetry in the extended high-frequency range are interrelated.
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| 31. |
- Brännström, K. Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Hearing thresholds and cognitive flexibility in young healthy individuals with normal hearing
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 59:8, s. 583-589
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Pure tone audiometry may seem to be a relatively easy task for the participant but it may involve cognitive as well as sensory abilities. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between hearing thresholds in the frequency range 0.125–8 kHz and the core executive function cognitive flexibility in healthy individuals with normal hearing. Design: Experimental study measuring correlations between different pure-tone hearing threshold measures and cognitive flexibility. Pure tone air conduction audiometry (frequencies 0.125–8.0 kHz) and two tests of cognitive flexibility (information updating and shifting ability) were conducted. Study sample: Seventy-two subjects (aged between 21 and 36) with normal hearing (<20 dB HL) for the tested frequencies. Results: Four measures of average pure tone hearing thresholds were negatively correlated with cognitive flexibility. Conclusions: Pure-tone air conduction hearing thresholds seem to be related to cognitive flexibility in healthy individuals with normal hearing.
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| 32. |
- Caesar, Ulla, et al.
(författare)
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A sense of being rejected : Patients’ lived experiences of cancelled knee or hip replacement surgery
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundGrowing care queues, reduced access to care and cancelled surgery are realities for some patients being treated with total hip or knee replacement surgery in Sweden.Most of the patients on the waiting lists have experienced pain and limited motion for a varying period of time, with a negative effect on their everyday lives. Overbooked surgical schedules are already contributing to the lengthy waiting times, but, with the addition of cancellations, longer waiting times will increase still further and may affect patients’ well‐being.MethodsIn the present study, we aimed to illuminate the experience of having planned surgery cancelled, based on narratives from 10 participants. The interview transcriptions were analysed using a phenomenological hermeneutic approach.ResultsThe comprehensive analyses revealed that the participants described the agony of being deselected and the additional impression of being excluded. Metaphors of being damaged and feeling physical pain were used and the interpretations referred to the cancellations as unpleasant. Additionally, the important relationship and the trust between the health workers and the patient were negatively affected by the cancellation.ConclusionAfter the cancellation, the participants expressed being vulnerable and from their perspective the cancelled surgery affected them deeply; in fact, much more than the healthcare workers appeared to understand. Therefore, information around the cancellation must be given respectfully and with dignity, in a dialogue between the patient and the healthcare workers. Taken together, to enable an opportunity to be involved in the continued care. The cancellations should be seen as an interruption, in which the patients’ chance of living a pain‐free, active life is postponed.
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| 33. |
- Caesar, Ulla, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence and root causes of cancellations for elective orthopaedic procedures : a single center experience of 17,625 consecutive cases.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Patient Safety in Surgery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1754-9493. ; 8:24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The purpose of the Swedish public health-care system is to provide care on equal terms for all citizens. In this, as in most other systems where taxes and/or insurances pay for most of the care, normal market forces are set aside at least in part. At times, this has, for example, resulted in long waiting lists, particularly in terms of elective orthopaedic surgery, with several negative consequences, such as cancellations of planned surgery.METHODS: The main purpose of this retrospective observational single center study was to evaluate and describe the number and reasons for cancellations in elective orthopaedic surgery. Studied were all the elective patients scheduled for joint replacement, arthroscopy and foot & ankle surgery, January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2011, whose procedure was cancelled at least once.RESULTS: Of all 17,625 patients scheduled for elective surgery 6,911 (39%) received at least one, some several cancellations. The most common reason for cancelling a planned surgery was different patient-related factors 3,293 (33%). Cancellations due to treatment guarantee legislation reached 2,885 (29%) and 1,181 (12%) of the cancellations were related to incomplete pre-operative preparation of the patients. Organisational reasons were the cause of approximately 869 (9%) of the cancellations.CONCLUSIONS: In this study of patients waiting for elective orthopaedic surgery 6,911(39%) had their surgical procedure cancelled at least once, some several times. It appears that it should be possible to eliminate many of these cancellations, while others are unavoidable or caused by factors outside the responsibility of the individual clinic or even hospital. One possible way of influencing the high rate of cancellations might be to change the view of the patients and involve them in the overall planning of the care process.
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| 34. |
- Caesar, Ulla, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence and root causes of delays in emergency orthopaedic procedures: a single-centre experience of 36,017 consecutive cases over seven years
- 2018
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Ingår i: Patient Safety in Surgery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1754-9493. ; 12:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Emergency surgery is unplanned by definition and patients are scheduled for surgery with minimal preparation. Some patients who have sustained emergency orthopaedic trauma or other conditions must be operated on immediately or within a few hours, while others can wait until the hospital’s resources permit and/or the patients’ health status has been optimised as needed. This may affect the prioritisation procedures for both emergency and elective surgery and might result in waiting lists, not only for planned procedures but also for emergencies. Method The main purpose of this retrospective, observational, single-centre study was to evaluate and describe for the number and reasons of delays, as well as waiting times in emergency orthopaedic surgery using data derived from the hospital’s records and registers. All the emergency patients scheduled for emergency surgery whose procedures were rescheduled and delayed between 1 January 2007 and 31 December 2013 were studied. Result We found that 24% (8474) of the 36,017 patients scheduled for emergency surgeries were delayed and rescheduled at least once, some several times. Eighty per cent of these delays were due to organisational causes. Twenty-one per cent of all the delayed patients had surgery within 24 h, whilst 41% waited for more than 24 h, up to 3 days. Conclusion A large number of the clinic’s emergency orthopaedic procedures were rescheduled and delayed and the majority of the delays were related to organisational reasons. The results can be interpreted in two ways; first, organisational reasons are avoidable and the potential for improvement is great and, secondly and most importantly, the delays might negatively affect patient outcomes.
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| 35. |
- Canivet, Catarina, et al.
(författare)
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Infantile colic, maternal smoking and infant feeding at 5 weeks of age
- 2008
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : Sage Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 36:3, s. 284-291
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Many parents seek help from health professionals because of their infants' persistent crying in the early months. The aetiology of this condition, often labelled ``infantile colic'', is still unclear. Aims: To assess whether smoking during pregnancy, and/or smoking at infant age 5 weeks, is associated with infantile colic, and to describe how feeding at infant age 5 weeks and smoking are related to colic. Methods: This was a community-based study, with telephone interviews in late pregnancy, and at infant age 5 weeks, covering 1,625 mother—infant dyads, i.e. 86% of the eligible population. Results: Daily maternal smoking in pregnancy was related to subsequent colic, with an age-adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 1.74 (95% confidence interval 1.08—2.82). In the multivariate model, the OR was largely unaltered. The association between smoking at infant age 5 weeks and colic did not reach statistical significance. The subgroups based on smoking and infant feeding were small, but the results suggest that exclusive breast-feeding was protective against colic, including for infants of smoking mothers. Conclusions: This study presents yet another argument why smoking in pregnancy should be discouraged — some cases of infantile colic may be avoided. With regard to mothers who are not able to give up smoking, the results add some support for the conclusion that if a mother is worried about colic, she certainly should not refrain from breast-feeding even if she smokes.
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| 36. |
- Carlsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Burn injures in small children, a population-based study in Sweden
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Blackwell Publishing Ldt. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 15:15, s. 129-134
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to describe characteristics in burn injuries in children (zero to six years old), consulting primary care and hospital-based care in Malmö, Sweden. Burn-injured children consulting the University Hospital or the 21 Health Centres, during year 1998 and year 2002, were included. Background. Epidemiological studies of burns in children have mostly been hospital-based and the cases that never reached the hospital have been excluded. Design. The study had a retroperspective design with data collected from medical records. Methods. Chi-squared test was used to analyse differences in nominal data and cross tables were used to analyse the proportions between the characteristics of the injuries and sex, age and nationality. Results. The burn-injured children were 148 and 80% of those were scalds, caused by hot liquid (71%) or hot food (29%). The greatest number was boys between one and two years old. Children to foreign born parents were more frequently affected and the extent of the injuries often larger. Almost all the accidents (96%) occurred in home environment, while a family member was next to the child. The Health Centres received more often children affected on hand/arm and by causes like hot food than the University Hospital. Conclusions. Our data demonstrate the importance of developing a programme for the prevention of paediatric scalds with education of family members to be aware of the danger. With present study the knowledge about the occurrence of injuries in scald accidents in children has become deeper. This knowledge may contribute to more individual adept child accident prevention programme, to use in the child health care.
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| 37. |
- Carlsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Compliance with child accident precautions by child health nurses
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Child Health Care. - : SAGE Publications. - 1741-2889 .- 1367-4935. ; 10:2, s. 149-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the extent to which parents follow advice from child health nurses about child accident prevention. The study was performed in one of the 10 districts in the city of Malmo, Sweden. Parents to 90, 10-month old children in southern Sweden participated. These parents completed a questionnaire that prompted responses related to parents' background and socio-economic factors as well as questions about any precautions they have taken to decrease hazards to children in their home. Odds ratios, confidence intervals and multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. The results indicated that lower educated parents (i.e. those with 12 years' education or less) and foreign-born parents complied with a significantly lower level. These results support the need to increase efforts in child accident prevention work. It is important for child health nurses to concentrate their efforts on foreign parents and on less educated parents. Information should be relayed regularly to these parents in a motivational way, in order to decrease risks of child accidents at home.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Cornelissen, Johannes H C, et al.
(författare)
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Global negative vegetation feedback to climate warming responses of leaf litter decomposition rates in cold biomes
- 2007
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Ingår i: Ecology Letters. - : Wiley. - 1461-023X .- 1461-0248. ; 10:7, s. 619-627
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Whether climate change will turn cold biomes from large long-term carbon sinks into sources is hotly debated because of the great potential for ecosystem-mediated feedbacks to global climate. Critical are the direction, magnitude and generality of climate responses of plant litter decomposition. Here, we present the first quantitative analysis of the major climate-change-related drivers of litter decomposition rates in cold northern biomes worldwide.Leaf litters collected from the predominant species in 33 global change manipulation experiments in circum-arctic-alpine ecosystems were incubated simultaneously in two contrasting arctic life zones. We demonstrate that longer-term, large-scale changes to leaf litter decomposition will be driven primarily by both direct warming effects and concomitant shifts in plant growth form composition, with a much smaller role for changes in litter quality within species. Specifically, the ongoing warming-induced expansion of shrubs with recalcitrant leaf litter across cold biomes would constitute a negative feedback to global warming. Depending on the strength of other (previously reported) positive feedbacks of shrub expansion on soil carbon turnover, this may partly counteract direct warming enhancement of litter decomposition.
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| 40. |
- Cullinane, Sharon, et al.
(författare)
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An examination of the reverse logistics of clothing (r)e-tailers in Sweden
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings of EUROMA conference, 41998, Edinburgh, 1-5 July.. - : EUROMA.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies on the sustainability of the logistics in the online retail clothing industry hav e concentrated on the outward process with relatively little r esearch on the returns pro cess. Yet returns in the clothing industry range from 25% to 60% , involving a great deal of logistics . The complexities involved in analysing sustainability in the reverse logistics process is unveiled in this paper using a detailed case study of the retur ns of a small Swedish clothing company ; Nudie Jeans (NJ). The challenges and barriers to sustainability are discussed in terms of five key activities: mitigation, gate keeping, collection, sorting and disposal.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Cullinane, Sharon, et al.
(författare)
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Retail clothing Returns: A review of key issues
- 2017
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Global online shopping has been increasing over the past decade, with no sign of stopping as new shopping formats, technology and consumer behaviour continuously interact to encourage and facilitate it. The clothing retail sector dominates e-shopping in most countries and there is a considerable literature related to the outward logistics associated with it. However, return rates in this sector range from around 20%-60% depending on specific product characteristics. Despite the logistical challenges this imposes, there is very little literature (particularly of an academic nature) on either the logistics or the environmental consequences of the logistics associated with these returns. This paper seeks to address this gap by analysing the reverse logistics of the clothing industry, the challenges it faces and its environmental consequences and suggests some policy implications.
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| 43. |
- Cullinane, Sharon, et al.
(författare)
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Retail clothing returns: A Review of Key Issues
- 2019
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Ingår i: Contemporary Operations and Logistics. Wells, P. (red.). - Cham : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783030144937 ; , s. 301-322
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 44. |
- Dahlborg Lyckhage, Elisabeth, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Young Women With Anorexia Nervosa
- 2015
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Ingår i: SAGE Open. - : SAGE Publications. - 2158-2440. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to describe how young women living with self-identified anorexia narrate about their lives by blogging. Thirteen Swedish blogs were chosen and analyzed by means of qualitative content analysis. The results described falling ill, the illness itself, and the path to recovery. Low self-esteem, depressed state of mind, and self-destructive behavior were typical signs at the start of the illness. The women’s lives were characterized by a need for controlling their body by tormenting it and by the illness demanding all their concentration and energy. The women suffered from the feeling of being a disappointment to their family members. The illness was like an enemy that had to be defeated with the help of family members, health care professionals, and by means of therapy. A turning point occurred when the women felt at their worst or had tired of the illness and could concentrate on something other than their body and the eating disorder. Suffering from self-identified anorexia was described as experiencing low self-esteem. The illness took all of the women’s time and energy. For a turning point to be reached, the women needed support from family, friends, and health care professionals, including the use of distractions.
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| 45. |
- Darlison, Julia, et al.
(författare)
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Leaf mineral content govern microbial community structure in the phyllosphere of spinach (Spinacia oleracea) and rocket (Diplotaxis tenuifolia)
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1026 .- 0048-9697. ; 675, s. 501-512
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The plant microbiome is an important factor for plant health and productivity. While the impact of nitrogen (N) availability for plant growth and development is well established, its influence on the microbial phyllosphere community structure is unknown. We hypothesize that nitrogen impacts the growth and abundance of several microorganisms on the leaf surface. The bacterial and fungal communities of baby leaf spinach (Spinacia oleracea), and rocket (Diplotaxis tenuifolia) were investigated in a field trial for two years in a commercial setting. Nitrogen fertilizer was tested in four doses (basic nitrogen, basic + suboptimal, basic + commercial, basic + excess) with six replicates in each. Culture-independent (Illumina sequencing) and culture-dependent (viable count and identification of bacterial isolates) community studies were combined with monitoring of plant physiology and site weather conditions. This study found that alpha diversity of bacterial communities decreased in response to increasing nitrogen fertilizer dose, whereas viable counts showed no differences. Correspondingly, fungal communities of the spinach phyllosphere showed a decreasing pattern, whereas the decreasing diversity of fungal communities of rocket was not significant. Plant species and effects of annual variations on microbiome structure were observed for bacterial and fungal communities on both spinach and rocket. This study provides novel insights on the impact of nitrogen fertilizer regime on a nutrient scarce habitat, the phyllosphere.
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| 46. |
- De Lara, Shahin, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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The prognostic relevance of FOXA1 and Nestin expression in breast cancer metastases: a retrospective study of 164 cases during a 10-year period (2004-2014)
- 2019
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Ingår i: Bmc Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2407. ; 19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundCurrent prognostic markers cannot adequately predict the clinical outcome of breast cancer patients. Therefore, additional biomarkers need to be included in routine immune panels. FOXA1 was a significant predictor of favorable outcome in primary breast cancer, while Nestin expression is preferentially found in triple-negative tumors with increased rate of nodal metastases, and reduced survival. No studies have investigated the prognostic value of FOXA1 and Nestin expression in breast cancer metastases.MethodsBreast cancer metastases (n=164) from various anatomical sites were retrospectively analyzed by immunohistochemistry for FOXA1, Nestin and GATA3 expression. Cox regression analysis assessed the prognostic value of FOXA1 and Nestin expression.ResultsIn breast cancer metastases, FOXA1 expression was associated with Nestin-negativity, GATA3-positivity, ER-positivity, HER2-positivity and non-triple-negative status (P<0.05). In contrast, Nestin expression was associated with FOXA1-negative, GATA3-negative, ER-negative, and triple-negative metastases (P<0.05). Univariate Cox regression analysis showed FOXA1 expression was predictive of overall survival (OS, P=0.00048) and metastasis-free survival (DMFS, P=0.0011), as well as, distant metastasis-free survival in ER-positive patients (P=0.036) and overall survival in ER-negative patients (P=0.024). Multivariate analysis confirmed the significance of FOXA1 for both survival endpoints in metastatic breast cancer patients (OS, P=0.0033; DMFS, P=0.015).ConclusionsIn our study, FOXA1 was expressed mostly in ER-positive breast cancer metastases. Expression of Nestin was related to triple-negative metastases, where brain was the most frequent metastatic site. These findings highlight the clinical utility of FOXA1 and Nestin expression and warrant their inclusion in routine immunohistochemical panels for breast carcinoma.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Dejin-Karlsson, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Country of origin, social support and the risk of small for gestational age birth.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1651-1905 .- 1403-4948. ; 32:6, s. 442-449
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: This study investigates the risk of small for gestational age (SGA) in relation to country of origin of the mother. The role of psychosocial resources, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors was examined in different causal models. Methods: Among all pregnant nulliparous women in the city of Malmo¨ , Sweden, who gave birth in 1991 – 92, 872 (87.7%) women completed a questionnaire during their first antenatal visit. The study was carried out among women whose pregnancies resulted in a singleton live birth (n~826); 22% (n~182) of these women were foreign-born. Results: Fifty-five (6.7%) of the infants were classified as SGA, 37 (5.7%) of mothers of Swedish origin and 18 (9.7%) of foreign origin. SGA deliveries were much more prevalent among Middle East- and North Africa-born women (22%) and sub-Saharan-born women (15%). In all, women of foreign origin had increased odds for delivering SGA babies (OR~1.8, 95% CI~1.0,3.2). In a multivariate analysis psychosocial and socioeconomic factors explained 30% and 40%, respectively, of the increased SGA risk. Psychosocial factors seemed to be more prominent risk factors for SGA among mothers of foreign origin. A possible synergistic relation was demonstrated between foreign origin of the mother and low social anchorage. Conclusions: This study showed that psychosocial factors, most probably linked to a disadvantaged social situation, could be the theoretically most important focus for preventing SGA in immigrant women. This could also further support a hypothesis of a link between psychosocial stress and SGA in general. However, this should not exclude the need for intervention in the antenatal care system in terms of specially tailored support and education.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Dimmock, Andrew P., et al.
(författare)
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Mirror Mode Storms Observed by Solar Orbiter
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research - Space Physics. - : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 2169-9380 .- 2169-9402. ; 127:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mirror modes (MMs) are ubiquitous in space plasma and grow from pressure anisotropy. Together with other instabilities, they play a fundamental role in constraining the free energy contained in the plasma. This study focuses on MMs observed in the solar wind by Solar Orbiter (SolO) for heliocentric distances between 0.5 and 1 AU. Typically, MMs have timescales from several to tens of seconds and are considered quasi-MHD structures. In the solar wind, they also generally appear as isolated structures. However, in certain conditions, prolonged and bursty trains of higher frequency MMs are measured, which have been labeled previously as MM storms. At present, only a handful of existing studies have focused on MM storms, meaning that many open questions remain. In this study, SolO has been used to investigate several key aspects of MM storms: their dependence on heliocentric distance, association with local plasma properties, temporal/spatial scale, amplitude, and connections with larger-scale solar wind transients. The main results are that MM storms often approach local ion scales and can no longer be treated as quasi-magnetohydrodynamic, thus breaking the commonly used long-wavelength assumption. They are typically observed close to current sheets and downstream of interplanetary shocks. The events were observed during slow solar wind speeds and there was a tendency for higher occurrence closer to the Sun. The occurrence is low, so they do not play a fundamental role in regulating ambient solar wind but may play a larger role inside transients.
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