| 1. |
- Blokland, G. A. M., et al.
(författare)
-
Sex-Dependent Shared and Nonshared Genetic Architecture Across Mood and Psychotic Disorders
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Biological Psychiatry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-3223 .- 1873-2402. ; 91:1, s. 102-117
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Sex differences in incidence and/or presentation of schizophrenia (SCZ), major depressive disorder (MDD), and bipolar disorder (BIP) are pervasive. Previous evidence for shared genetic risk and sex differences in brain abnormalities across disorders suggest possible shared sex-dependent genetic risk. Methods: We conducted the largest to date genome-wide genotype-by-sex (G×S) interaction of risk for these disorders using 85,735 cases (33,403 SCZ, 19,924 BIP, and 32,408 MDD) and 109,946 controls from the PGC (Psychiatric Genomics Consortium) and iPSYCH. Results: Across disorders, genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphism–by-sex interaction was detected for a locus encompassing NKAIN2 (rs117780815, p = 3.2 × 10−8), which interacts with sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase (adenosine triphosphatase) enzymes, implicating neuronal excitability. Three additional loci showed evidence (p < 1 × 10−6) for cross-disorder G×S interaction (rs7302529, p = 1.6 × 10−7; rs73033497, p = 8.8 × 10−7; rs7914279, p = 6.4 × 10−7), implicating various functions. Gene-based analyses identified G×S interaction across disorders (p = 8.97 × 10−7) with transcriptional inhibitor SLTM. Most significant in SCZ was a MOCOS gene locus (rs11665282, p = 1.5 × 10−7), implicating vascular endothelial cells. Secondary analysis of the PGC-SCZ dataset detected an interaction (rs13265509, p = 1.1 × 10−7) in a locus containing IDO2, a kynurenine pathway enzyme with immunoregulatory functions implicated in SCZ, BIP, and MDD. Pathway enrichment analysis detected significant G×S interaction of genes regulating vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling in MDD (false discovery rate-corrected p < .05). Conclusions: In the largest genome-wide G×S analysis of mood and psychotic disorders to date, there was substantial genetic overlap between the sexes. However, significant sex-dependent effects were enriched for genes related to neuronal development and immune and vascular functions across and within SCZ, BIP, and MDD at the variant, gene, and pathway levels. © 2021 Society of Biological Psychiatry
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Zeng, Chenjie, et al.
(författare)
-
Identification of independent association signals and putative functional variants for breast cancer risk through fine-scale mapping of the 12p11 locus
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Breast Cancer Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1465-5411 .- 1465-542X. ; 18
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Multiple recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs10771399, at 12p11 that is associated with breast cancer risk. Method: We performed a fine-scale mapping study of a 700 kb region including 441 genotyped and more than 1300 imputed genetic variants in 48,155 cases and 43,612 controls of European descent, 6269 cases and 6624 controls of East Asian descent and 1116 cases and 932 controls of African descent in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC; http://bcac.ccge.medschl.cam.ac.uk/), and in 15,252 BRCA1 mutation carriers in the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA). Stepwise regression analyses were performed to identify independent association signals. Data from the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements project (ENCODE) and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were used for functional annotation. Results: Analysis of data from European descendants found evidence for four independent association signals at 12p11, represented by rs7297051 (odds ratio (OR) = 1.09, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 1.06-1.12; P = 3 x 10(-9)), rs805510 (OR = 1.08, 95 % CI = 1.04-1.12, P = 2 x 10(-5)), and rs1871152 (OR = 1.04, 95 % CI = 1.02-1.06; P = 2 x 10(-4)) identified in the general populations, and rs113824616 (P = 7 x 10(-5)) identified in the meta-analysis of BCAC ER-negative cases and BRCA1 mutation carriers. SNPs rs7297051, rs805510 and rs113824616 were also associated with breast cancer risk at P < 0.05 in East Asians, but none of the associations were statistically significant in African descendants. Multiple candidate functional variants are located in putative enhancer sequences. Chromatin interaction data suggested that PTHLH was the likely target gene of these enhancers. Of the six variants with the strongest evidence of potential functionality, rs11049453 was statistically significantly associated with the expression of PTHLH and its nearby gene CCDC91 at P < 0.05. Conclusion: This study identified four independent association signals at 12p11 and revealed potentially functional variants, providing additional insights into the underlying biological mechanism(s) for the association observed between variants at 12p11 and breast cancer risk.
|
|
| 4. |
- Mawet, Dimitri, et al.
(författare)
-
L '-band AGPM vector vortex coronagraph's first light on VLT/NACO Discovery of a late-type companion at two beamwidths from an F0V star
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 552, s. L13-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context. High contrast imaging has thoroughly combed through the limited search space accessible with first-generation ground-based adaptive optics instruments and the Hubble Space Telescope. Only a few objects were discovered, and many non-detections reported and statistically interpreted. The field is now in need of a technological breakthrough. Aims. Our aim is to open a new search space with first-generation systems such as NACO at the Very Large Telescope, by providing ground-breaking inner working angle (IWA) capabilities in the L' band. The L' band is a sweet spot for high contrast coronagraphy since the planet-to-star brightness ratio is favorable, while the Strehl ratio is naturally higher. Methods. An annular groove phase mask (AGPM) vector vortex coronagraph optimized for the L' band made from diamond subwavelength gratings was manufactured and qualified in the lab. The AGPM enables high contrast imaging at very small IWA, potentially being the key to unexplored discovery space. Results. Here we present the installation and successful on-sky tests of an L'-band AGPM coronagraph on NACO. Using angular differential imaging, which is well suited to the rotational symmetry of the AGPM, we demonstrated a Delta L' > 7.5 mag contrast from an IWA similar or equal to 0 ''.09 onwards, during average seeing conditions, and for total integration times of a few hundred seconds.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Lundgren, Markus, et al.
(författare)
-
Analgesic antipyretic use among young children in the TEDDY study : No association with islet autoimmunity
- 2017
-
Ingår i: BMC Pediatrics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2431. ; 17:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The use of analgesic antipyretics (ANAP) in children have long been a matter of controversy. Data on their practical use on an individual level has, however, been scarce. There are indications of possible effects on glucose homeostasis and immune function related to the use of ANAP. The aim of this study was to analyze patterns of analgesic antipyretic use across the clinical centers of The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) prospective cohort study and test if ANAP use was a risk factor for islet autoimmunity. Methods: Data were collected for 8542 children in the first 2.5 years of life. Incidence was analyzed using logistic regression with country and first child status as independent variables. Holm's procedure was used to adjust for multiplicity of intercountry comparisons. Time to autoantibody seroconversion was analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model with cumulative analgesic use as primary time dependent covariate of interest. For each categorization, a generalized estimating equation (GEE) approach was used. Results: Higher prevalence of ANAP use was found in the U.S. (95.7%) and Sweden (94.8%) compared to Finland (78.1%) and Germany (80.2%). First-born children were more commonly given acetaminophen (OR 1.26; 95% CI 1.07, 1.49; p = 0.007) but less commonly Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) (OR 0.86; 95% CI 0.78, 0.95; p = 0.002). Acetaminophen and NSAID use in the absence of fever and infection was more prevalent in the U.S. (40.4%; 26.3% of doses) compared to Sweden, Finland and Germany (p < 0.001). Acetaminophen or NSAID use before age 2.5 years did not predict development of islet autoimmunity by age 6 years (HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.99-1.09; p = 0.27). In a sub-analysis, acetaminophen use in children with fever weakly predicted development of islet autoimmunity by age 3 years (HR 1.05; 95% CI 1.01-1.09; p = 0.024). Conclusions: ANAP use in young children is not a risk factor for seroconversion by age 6 years. Use of ANAP is widespread in young children, and significantly higher in the U.S. compared to other study sites, where use is common also in absence of fever and infection.
|
|
| 8. |
- Milli, J., et al.
(författare)
-
Discovery of a low-mass companion inside the debris ring surrounding the F5V star HD 206893
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 597
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims. Uncovering the ingredients and the architecture of planetary systems is a very active field of research that has fuelled many new theories on giant planet formation, migration, composition, and interaction with the circumstellar environment. We aim at discovering and studying new such systems, to further expand our knowledge of how low-mass companions form and evolve.Methods. We obtained high-contrast H-band images of the circumstellar environment of the F5V star HD 206893, known to host a debris disc never detected in scattered light. These observations are part of the SPHERE High Angular Resolution Debris Disc Survey (SHARDDS) using the InfraRed Dual-band Imager and Spectrograph (IRDIS) installed on VLT/SPHERE.Results. We report the detection of a source with a contrast of 3.6 × 10−5 in the H-band, orbiting at a projected separation of 270 milliarcsecond or 10 au, corresponding to a mass in the range 24 to 73MJup for an age of the system in the range 0.2 to 2 Gyr. The detection was confirmed ten months later with VLT/NaCo, ruling out a background object with no proper motion. A faint extended emission compatible with the disc scattered light signal is also observed.Conclusions. The detection of a low-mass companion inside a massive debris disc makes this system an analog of other young planetary systems such as β Pictoris, HR 8799 or HD 95086 and requires now further characterisation of both components to understand their interactions.
|
|
| 9. |
- Chitica, N, et al.
(författare)
-
Fabrication of tunable InP/air-gap Fabry-Perot cavities by selective etching of InGaAs sacrificial layers
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Physica scripta. T. - : ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES. - 0281-1847. ; T79, s. 131-134
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the fabrication of InP/air-gap Fabry-Perot resonant cavities with an improved tunability characteristic achieved through the micromachining of more flexible suspended InP beams. The micromechanical structures are electrostatically actuated. A tuning range of 55 nm is demonstrated for an actuation voltage of 12 V. The low leakage current, of less than 10 µA for a bias of up to 30 V, provides a low actuation power. The tunable air-gap cavities are fabricated by selective wet etching of InGaAs sacrificial layers. An FeCl3 based etchant is used to completely remove the InGaAs material without affecting the thickness of the InP layer. The anisotropy of the etch rate of InGaAs was also investigated and exploited in the micromachining process.
|
|
| 10. |
- Defrere, D., et al.
(författare)
-
L'-band AGPM vector vortex coronagraph's first light on LBTI/LMIRCam
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Adaptive Optics Systems IV. - : SPIE. - 9780819496164
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the first observations obtained with the L'-band AGPM vortex coronagraph recently installed on LBTI/LMIRCam. The AGPM (Annular Groove Phase Mask) is a vector vortex coronagraph made from diamond subwavelength gratings. It is designed to improve the sensitivity and dynamic range of high-resolution imaging at very small inner working angles, down to 0.09 arcseconds in the case of LBTI/LMIRCam in the L' band. During the first hours on sky, we observed the young A5V star HR8799 with the goal to demonstrate the AGPM performance and assess its relevance for the ongoing LBTI planet survey (LEECH). Preliminary analyses of the data reveal the four known planets clearly at high SNR and provide unprecedented sensitivity limits in the inner planetary system (down to the diffraction limit of 0.09 arcseconds).
|
|
| 11. |
- Escaned, Javier, et al.
(författare)
-
Safety of the Deferral of Coronary Revascularization on the Basis of Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio and Fractional Flow Reserve Measurements in Stable Coronary Artery Disease and Acute Coronary Syndromes
- 2018
-
Ingår i: JACC. - : Elsevier. - 1936-8798 .- 1876-7605. ; 11:15, s. 1437-1449
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes of patients deferred from coronary revascularization on the basis of instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) or fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurements in stable angina pectoris (SAP) and acute coronary syndromes (ACS). BACKGROUND Assessment of coronary stenosis severity with pressure guidewires is recommended to determine the need for myocardial revascularization. METHODS The safety of deferral of coronary revascularization in the pooled per-protocol population (n = 4,486) of the DEFINE-FLAIR (Functional Lesion Assessment of Intermediate Stenosis to Guide Revascularisation) and iFR-SWEDEHEART (Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio Versus Fractional Flow Reserve in Patients With Stable Angina Pectoris or Acute Coronary Syndrome) randomized clinical trials was investigated. Patients were stratified according to revascularization decision making on the basis of iFR or FFR and to clinical presentation (SAP or ACS). The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events (MACE), defined as the composite of all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or unplanned revascularization at 1 year. RESULTS Coronary revascularization was deferred in 2,130 patients. Deferral was performed in 1,117 patients (50%) in the iFR group and 1,013 patients (45%) in the FFR group (p < 0.01). At 1 year, the MACE rate in the deferred population was similar between the iFR and FFR groups (4.12% vs. 4.05%; fully adjusted hazard ratio: 1.13; 95% confidence interval: 0.72 to 1.79; p = 0.60). A clinical presentation with ACS was associated with a higher MACE rate compared with SAP in deferred patients (5.91% vs. 3.64% in ACS and SAP, respectively; fully adjusted hazard ratio: 0.61 in favor of SAP; 95% confidence interval: 0.38 to 0.99; p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Overall, deferral of revascularization is equally safe with both iFR and FFR, with a low MACE rate of about 4%. Lesions were more frequently deferred when iFR was used to assess physiological significance. In deferred patients presenting with ACS, the event rate was significantly increased compared with SAP at 1 year. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation.
|
|
| 12. |
- Hill, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
-
Microfluidic and Transducer Technologies for Lab on a Chip Applications
- 2010
-
Ingår i: 2010 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC). - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781424441242 ; , s. 305-307
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Point-of-care diagnostic devices typically require six distinct qualities: they must deliver at least the same sensitivity and selectivity, and for a cost per assay no greater than that of today's central lab technologies, deliver results in a short period of time (<15 min at GP; <2h in hospital), be portable or at least small in scale, and require no or extremely little sample preparation. State-of-the-art devices deliver information of several markers in the same measurement.
|
|
| 13. |
- Lewis, Katie J S, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparison of Genetic Liability for Sleep Traits Among Individuals With Bipolar Disorder I or II and Control Participants.
- 2020
-
Ingår i: JAMA psychiatry. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2168-6238 .- 2168-622X. ; 77:3, s. 303-310
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Insomnia, hypersomnia, and an evening chronotype are common in individuals with bipolar disorder (BD), but whether this reflects shared genetic liability is unclear. Stratifying by BD subtypes could elucidate this association and inform sleep and BD research.To assess whether polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for sleep traits are associated with BD subtypes I and II.This case-control study was conducted in the United Kingdom and Sweden with participants with BD and control participants. Multinomial regression was used to assess whether PRSs for insomnia, daytime sleepiness, sleep duration, and chronotype are associated with BD subtypes compared with control participants. Affected individuals were recruited from the Bipolar Disorder Research Network. Control participants were recruited from the 1958 British Birth Cohort and the UK Blood Service. Analyses were repeated in an independent Swedish sample from August 2018 to July 2019. All participants were of European ancestry.Standardized PRSs derived using alleles from genome-wide association studies of insomnia, sleep duration, daytime sleepiness, and chronotype. These were adjusted for the first 10 population principal components, genotyping platforms, and sex.Association of PRSs with BD subtypes, determined by semistructured psychiatric interview and case notes.The main analysis included 4672 participants with BD (3132 female participants [67.0%]; 3404 with BD-I [72.9%]) and 5714 control participants (2812 female participants [49.2%]). Insomnia PRS was associated with increased risk of BD-II (relative risk [RR], 1.14 [95% CI, 1.07-1.21]; P=8.26×10-5) but not BD-I (RR, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.94-1.03]; P=.409) relative to control participants. Sleep-duration PRS was associated with BD-I (RR, 1.10 [95% CI, 1.06-1.15]; P=1.13×10-5) but not BD-II (RR, 0.99 [95% CI, 0.93-1.06]; P=.818). Associations between (1) insomnia PRS and BD-II and (2) sleep-duration PRS and BD-I were replicated in the Swedish sample of 4366 individuals with BD (2697 female participants [61.8%]; 2627 with BD-I [60.2%]) and 6091 control participants (3767 female participants [61.8%]). Chronotype and daytime-sleepiness PRS were not associated with BD subtypes.Per this analysis, BD subtypes differ in genetic liability to insomnia and hypersomnia, providing further evidence that the distinction between BD-I and BD-II has genetic validity. This distinction will be crucial in selecting participants for future research on the role of sleep disturbance in BD.
|
|
| 14. |
- Llop-Sayson, Jorge, et al.
(författare)
-
Constraining the Orbit and Mass of epsilon Eridani b with Radial Velocities, Hipparcos IAD-Gaia DR2 Astrometry, and Multiepoch Vortex Coronagraphy Upper Limits
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Astronomical Journal. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 0004-6256 .- 1538-3881. ; 162:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- epsilon Eridani is a young planetary system hosting a complex multibelt debris disk and a confirmed Jupiter-like planet orbiting at 3.48 au from its host star. Its age and architecture are thus reminiscent of the early Solar System. The most recent study of Mawet et al., which combined radial-velocity data and Ms-band direct imaging upper limits, started to constrain the planet's orbital parameters and mass, but are still affected by large error bars and degeneracies. Here we make use of the most recent data compilation from three different techniques to further refine epsilon Eridani b's properties: RVs, absolute astrometry measurements from the Hipparcos and Gaia missions, and new Keck/NIRC2 Ms-band vortex coronagraph images. We combine this data in a Bayesian framework. We find a new mass, M-b = 0.66(-0.09)(+0.12) M-Jup, and inclination, i = 78.81(-22.41 degrees)(+29.34), with at least a factor 2 of improvement over previous uncertainties. We also report updated constraints on the longitude of the ascending node, the argument of the periastron, and the time of periastron passage. With these updated parameters, we can better predict the position of the planet at any past and future epoch, which can greatly help define the strategy and planning of future observations and with subsequent data analysis. In particular, these results can assist the search for a direct detection with JWST and the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope's coronagraph instrument.
|
|
| 15. |
- Romano-Rodriguez, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Epitaxial growth of beta-SiC on ion-beam synthesized beta-SiC : Structural characterization
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Silicon Carbide and Related Materials - 1999 Pts, 1 & 2. - : Trans Tech Publications Inc.. ; , s. 309-312
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work we present for the first time, to our knowledge, the CVD epitaxial growth of β-SiC using an ion beam synthesized (IBS) β-SiC layer as seed, which has been formed by multiple implantation into Si wafers at 500 °C. The ion beam synthesized continuous layer is constituted by β-SiC nanocrystals that are well oriented relative to the silicon substrate. Comparison of the epitaxial growth on these samples with that on silicon test samples, both on and off-axis, is performed. The results show that the epitaxial growth can be achieved on the IBS samples without the need of the carbonization step and that the structural quality of the CVD layer is comparable to that obtained on a carbonized silicon sample. Improvement of the quality of the deposited layer is proposed.
|
|
| 16. |
- Song, J., et al.
(författare)
-
Genome-wide association study identifies SESTD1 as a novel risk gene for lithium-responsive bipolar disorder
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Molecular Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1359-4184 .- 1476-5578. ; 21:9, s. 1290-1297
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lithium is the mainstay prophylactic treatment for bipolar disorder (BD), but treatment response varies considerably across individuals. Patients who respond well to lithium treatment might represent a relatively homogeneous subtype of this genetically and phenotypically diverse disorder. Here, we performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to identify (i) specific genetic variations influencing lithium response and (ii) genetic variants associated with risk for lithium-responsive BD. Patients with BD and controls were recruited from Sweden and the United Kingdom. GWAS were performed on 2698 patients with subjectively defined (self-reported) lithium response and 1176 patients with objectively defined (clinically documented) lithium response. We next conducted GWAS comparing lithium responders with healthy controls (1639 subjective responders and 8899 controls; 323 objective responders and 6684 controls). Meta-analyses of Swedish and UK results revealed no significant associations with lithium response within the bipolar subjects. However, when comparing lithium-responsive patients with controls, two imputed markers attained genome-wide significant associations, among which one was validated in confirmatory genotyping (rs116323614, P = 2.74 x 10(-8)). It is an intronic single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on chromosome 2q31.2 in the gene SEC14 and spectrin domains 1 (SESTD1), which encodes a protein involved in regulation of phospholipids. Phospholipids have been strongly implicated as lithium treatment targets. Furthermore, we estimated the proportion of variance for lithium-responsive BD explained by common variants ('SNP heritability') as 0.25 and 0.29 using two definitions of lithium response. Our results revealed a genetic variant in SESTD1 associated with risk for lithium-responsive BD, suggesting that the understanding of BD etiology could be furthered by focusing on this subtype of BD.
|
|
| 17. |
- Alfredsson, Eva C., et al.
(författare)
-
Industrial climate mitigation strategies and the remaining fair carbon budget – The case of Sweden
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Next Sustainability. - 2949-8236. ; 3, s. 100031-100031
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article explores the climate mitigation strategies of the 15 industries with the largest carbon dioxide emissions in Sweden. Starting from two carbon budget alternatives, we analyse the mitigation projections of the companies in relation to what can be considered their fair share of the remaining carbon budget for Sweden.We furthermore determine the uncertainties associated with the strategies. The results suggest that if the communicated mitigation plans are implemented as planned, the companies overdraft our main, 1.5-degree, budget option but stay within the alternative 1.7-degree budget. The analysis shows, however, that the timing and efficiency of emission reductions are crucial.Already small delays or lower efficiency in implementation, result in evident overdrafts of also the alternative budget. There are also substantial political and technical risks which can prevent timely mitigations. The article makes a novel contribution by analyzing industries’ mitigation strategies relative to their share of the remaining carbon budget.The article demonstrates the importance of transparent industrial climate mitigation strategies and in particular the need for policymakers to set incentive structures to promote strategy implementation.
|
|
| 18. |
- Anderson, A. B., et al.
(författare)
-
Survival of anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions in active-duty military populations
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0942-2056 .- 1433-7347. ; 31:8, s. 3196-3203
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Anterior cruciate ligament tears and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) are common in young athletes. The modifiable and non-modifiable factors contributing to ACLR failure and reoperation are incompletely understood. The purpose of this study was to determine ACLR failure rates in a physically high-demand population and identify the patient-specific risk factors, including prolonged time between diagnosis and surgical correction, that portend failure. Methods: A consecutive series of military service members with ACLR with and without concomitant procedures (meniscus [M] and/or cartilage [C]) done at military facilities between 2008 and 2011 was completed via the Military Health System Data Repository. This was a consecutive series of patients without a history of knee surgery for two years prior to the primary ACLR. Kaplan–Meier survival curves were estimated and evaluated with Wilcoxon test. Cox proportional hazard models calculated hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) to identify demographic and surgical factors that influenced ACLR failure. Results: Of the 2735 primary ACLRs included in the study, 484/2,735 (18%) experienced ACLR failure within four years, including (261/2,735) (10%) undergoing revision ACLR and (224/2,735) (8%) due to medical separation. The factors that increased failure include Army Service (HR 2.19, 95% CI 1.67, 2.87), > 180days from injury to ACLR (HR 1.550, 95% CI 1.157, 2.076), tobacco use (HR 1.429 95% CI 1.174, 1.738), and younger patient age (HR 1.024, 95% CI 1.004, 1.044). Conclusion: The overall clinical failure rate of service members with ACLR is 17.7% with minimum four-year follow-up, where more patients are likely to fail due to revision surgery than medical separation. The cumulative probability of survival at 4 years was 78.5%. Smoking cessation and treating ACLR patients promptly are modifiable risk factors impacting either graft failure or medical separation. Level of evidence: Level III.
|
|
| 19. |
- Andersson, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
-
Interplay between the Reorientational Dynamics of the B3H8- Anion and the Structure in KB3H8
- 2021
-
Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 125:7, s. 3716-3724
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The structure and reorientational dynamics of KB3H8 were studied by using quasielastic and inelastic neutron scattering, Raman spectroscopy, first-principles calculations, differential scanning calorimetry, and in situ synchrotron radiation powder X-ray diffraction. The results reveal the existence of a previously unknown polymorph in between the alpha'- and beta-polymorphs. Furthermore, it was found that the [B3H8](-) anion undergoes different reorientational motions in the three polymorphs alpha, alpha', and beta. In alpha-KB3H8, the [B3H8](-) anion performs 3-fold rotations in the plane created by the three boron atoms, which changes to a 2-fold rotation around the C-2 symmetry axis of the [B3H8](-) anion upon transitioning to alpha'-KB3H8. After transitioning to beta-KB3H8, the [B3H8](-) anion performs 4-fold rotations in the plane created by the three boron atoms, which indicates that the local structure of beta-KB3H8 deviates from the global cubic NaCl-type structure. The results also indicate that the high reorientational mobility of the [B3H8](-) anion facilitates the K+ cation conductivity, since the 2-orders-of-magnitude increase in the anion reorientational mobility observed between 297 and 311 K coincides with a large increase in K+ conductivity.
|
|
| 20. |
- Bagni, Tommaso, et al.
(författare)
-
Modeling Results of the Quench Behavior of a Nb-Ti Canted-Cosine-Theta Corrector Magnet for LHC
- 2024
-
Ingår i: IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity (Print). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1051-8223 .- 1558-2515. ; 34:5, s. 1-5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A newly designed superconducting magnet of the Canted-Cosine-Theta (CCT) type was developed as a result of a collaboration between Swedish universities (Uppsala and Linneaus) and Swedish industries. This magnet was designed to function as a replacement of the present LHC orbit corrector magnets, which are approaching their end of life due to the radiation load. As a result, the new CCT magnet was developed to be more radiation tolerant and to constitute a one-to-one replacement to the currently installed version, which is a 1 m long 70 mm double aperture dipole magnet. The final magnet, which is currently under construction, will be tested at FREIA laboratory at Uppsala University and generate a magnetic field of 3.3 T and an integrated field of 2.8 Tm at about 85 A. To examine the magnet quench behavior and to identify a suitable quench protection system, the 3D electro-magnetic and thermal behavior of the coil was modeled using the RAT-Raccoon software. Based on the simulation results, a Metrosil varistor was selected to protect the magnet during the test. In this article, we report the results of the numerical analysis. The magnet model is equipped with a spot heater to initialize the quench and the temperature and voltages are monitored during the avalanche effect. The simulated current decay and the hot-spot temperature are analyzed with a focus on the impact of quench-back on the magnet protection.
|
|
| 21. |
- Baptista, Marisa A. P., et al.
(författare)
-
Deletion of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein triggers Rac2 activity and increased cross-presentation by dendritic cells
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the WASp gene. Decreased cellular responses in WASp-deficient cells have been interpreted to mean that WASp directly regulates these responses in WASp-sufficient cells. Here, we identify an exception to this concept and show that WASp-deficient dendritic cells have increased activation of Rac2 that support cross-presentation to CD8(+) T cells. Using two different skin pathology models, WASp-deficient mice show an accumulation of dendritic cells in the skin and increased expansion of IFN gamma-producing CD8(+) T cells in the draining lymph node and spleen. Specific deletion of WASp in dendritic cells leads to marked expansion of CD8(+) T cells at the expense of CD4(+) T cells. WASp-deficient dendritic cells induce increased cross-presentation to CD8(+) T cells by activating Rac2 that maintains a near neutral pH of phagosomes. Our data reveals an intricate balance between activation of WASp and Rac2 signalling pathways in dendritic cells.
|
|
| 22. |
- Beck, Lisa J., et al.
(författare)
-
Differing Mechanisms of New Particle Formation at Two Arctic Sites
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Geophysical Research Letters. - 0094-8276 .- 1944-8007. ; 48:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New particle formation in the Arctic atmosphere is an important source of aerosol particles. Understanding the processes of Arctic secondary aerosol formation is crucial due to their significant impact on cloud properties and therefore Arctic amplification. We observed the molecular formation of new particles from low-volatility vapors at two Arctic sites with differing surroundings. In Svalbard, sulfuric acid (SA) and methane sulfonic acid (MSA) contribute to the formation of secondary aerosol and to some extent to cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). This occurs via ion-induced nucleation of SA and NH3 and subsequent growth by mainly SA and MSA condensation during springtime and highly oxygenated organic molecules during summertime. By contrast, in an ice-covered region around Villum, we observed new particle formation driven by iodic acid but its concentration was insufficient to grow nucleated particles to CCN sizes. Our results provide new insight about sources and precursors of Arctic secondary aerosol particles.
|
|
| 23. |
- Benisty, H., et al.
(författare)
-
Low-loss photonic-crystal and monolithic InP integration : Bands, bends, lasers, filters
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Photonic Crystal Materials and Devices II. - : SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering. - 0819452688 ; , s. 119-128
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Practical realizations of 2D (planar) photonics crystal (PhC) are either on a membrane or etched through a conventional heterostructure. While fascinating objects can emerge from the first approach, only the latter approach lends itself to a progressive integration of more compact PhC's towards monolithic PICs based on InP. We describe in this talk the various aspects from technology to functions and devices, as emerged from the European collaboration "PCIC". The main technology tour de force is deep-etching with aspect ratio of about 10 and vertical sidewall, achieved by three techniques (CAIBE, ICP-RIE, ECR-RIE). The basic functions explored are bends, splitters/combiners, mirrors, tapers, and the devices are filters and lasers. At the end of the talk, I will emphasize some positive aspects of "broad" multimode PhC waveguides, in view of compact add-drop filtering action, notably.
|
|
| 24. |
- Fhager, Andreas, 1976, et al.
(författare)
-
Microwave Technology in Medical Diagnostics and Treatment
- 2015
-
Ingår i: 2015 Ieee Mtt-S International Microwave Workshop Series on Rf and Wireless Technologies for Biomedical and Healthcare Applications. - New York : Ieee. - 9781479985432 ; , s. 133-134
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is a great need for novel diagnostics and treatment tools in today's healthcare. In this paper we describe our development and progress in novel microwave based diagnostics and treatment applications. The target applications are stroke diagnostics, breast cancer detection and microwave hyperthermia.
|
|
| 25. |
|
|
| 26. |
|
|
| 27. |
|
|
| 28. |
|
|
| 29. |
- Gilljam, Mikael, 1957, et al.
(författare)
-
Representatives' Attitudes Toward Citizen Protests in Sweden: The Impact of Ideology, Parliamentary Position and Experiences
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Legislative Studies Quarterly. - : Wiley. - 0362-9805. ; 37:2, s. 251-268
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- What affects political representatives' attitudes toward citizen protests? We test the impact of political representatives' left-right ideology, parliamentary position, and earlier experience of citizen protests. Using data from a pioneering survey covering all local political representatives in Sweden (n = 9,101, response rate 70%), we examine attitudes toward controversial noninstitutionalized forms of citizen protests. The results show that representatives to the right show considerably lower protest acceptance than those to the left. Representatives in office show significantly lower levels of acceptance than those of the opposition. Finally, the results show that representatives with more protest experience show higher protest acceptance.
|
|
| 30. |
- He, Fei, et al.
(författare)
-
FPR2 Shapes an Immune-Excluded Pancreatic Tumor Microenvironment and Drives T-cell Exhaustion in a Sex-Dependent Manner
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Cancer Research. - : American Association for Cancer Research (AACR). - 0008-5472 .- 1538-7445. ; 83:10, s. 1628-1645
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sex-driven immune differences can affect tumor progression and the landscape of the tumor microenvironment. Deeper understanding of these differences in males and females can inform patient selection to improve sex-optimized immunotherapy treatments. In this study, single-cell RNA sequencing and protein analyses uncovered a subpopulation of myeloid cells in pancreatic lesions associated with an immune-excluded tumor phenotype and effector T-cell exhaustion exclusively in females. This myeloid subpopulation was positively correlated with poor survival and genetic signatures of M2-like macrophages and T-cell exhaustion in females. The G-protein coupled receptor formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) mediated these immunosuppressive effects. In vitro, treatment of myeloid cells with a specific FPR2 antagonist prevented exhaustion and enhanced cytotoxicity of effector cells. Proteomic analysis revealed high expression of immunosuppressive secretory proteins PGE2 and galectin-9, enriched integrin pathway, and reduced proinflammatory signals like TNFα and IFNγ in female M2-like macrophages upon FPR2 agonist treatment. In addition, myeloid cells treated with FPR2 agonists induced TIM3 and PD-1 expression only in female T cells. Treatment with anti-TIM3 antibodies reversed T-cell exhaustion and stimulated their ability to infiltrate and kill pancreatic spheroids. In vivo, progression of syngeneic pancreatic tumors was significantly suppressed in FPR2 knockout (KO) female mice compared with wild-type (WT) female mice and to WT and FPR2 KO male mice. In female mice, inoculation of tumors with FPR2 KO macrophages significantly reduced tumor growth compared with WT macrophages. Overall, this study identified an immunosuppressive function of FPR2 in females, highlighting a potential sex-specific precision immunotherapy strategy.
|
|
| 31. |
- Hughes, T., et al.
(författare)
-
Elevated expression of a minor isoform of ANK3 is a risk factor for bipolar disorder
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Translational Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2158-3188. ; 8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ankyrin-3 (ANK3) is one of the few genes that have been consistently identified as associated with bipolar disorder by multiple genome-wide association studies. However, the exact molecular basis of the association remains unknown. A rare loss-of-function splice-site SNP (rs41283526*G) in a minor isoform of ANK3 (incorporating exon ENSE00001786716) was recently identified as protective of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. This suggests that an elevated expression of this isoform may be involved in the etiology of the disorders. In this study, we used novel approaches and data sets to test this hypothesis. First, we strengthen the statistical evidence supporting the allelic association by replicating the protective effect of the minor allele of rs41283526 in three additional large independent samples (meta-analysis pvalues: 6.8E-05 for bipolar disorder and 8.2E-04 for schizophrenia). Second, we confirm the hypothesis that both bipolar and schizophrenia patients have a significantly higher expression of this isoform than controls (p-values: 3.3E-05 for schizophrenia and 9.8E-04 for bipolar type I). Third, we determine the transcription start site for this minor isoform by Pacific Biosciences sequencing of full-length cDNA and show that it is primarily expressed in the corpus callosum. Finally, we combine genotype and expression data from a large Norwegian sample of psychiatric patients and controls, and show that the risk alleles in ANK3 identified by bipolar disorder GWAS are located near the transcription start site of this isoform and are significantly associated with its elevated expression. Together, these results point to the likely molecular mechanism underlying ANK3's association with bipolar disorder.
|
|
| 32. |
- Karlsson, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
-
Monolithic integration of continuous-relief diffractive structures with vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers
- 2003
-
Ingår i: IEEE Photonics Technology Letters. - 1041-1135 .- 1941-0174. ; 15:3, s. 359-361
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work, we have studied the transfer of diffractive optical elements (DOEs), originally made in resist, into GaAs for monolithic integration with vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs). The DOEs are blazed gratings and Fresnel lenses, and have been fabricated on the back surface of bottom emitting VCSELs using electron-beam lithography or replication by hot embossing in resist followed by a quick-dry etch step. Diffraction efficiency was measured to be 81% in the first order of diffraction for the blazed grating.
|
|
| 33. |
- Karlsson, P. G., et al.
(författare)
-
Metal organic chemical vapor deposition of ultrathin ZrO2 films on Si(1 0 0) and Si(1 1 1) studied by electron spectroscopy
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Surface Science. - 0039-6028 .- 1879-2758. ; 601:4, s. 1008-1018
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The growth of ultrathin ZrO2 films on Si(100)-(2x1) and Si(111)-(7x7) has been studied with core level photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The films were deposited sequentially by chemical vapor deposition in ultra-high vacuum using zirconium tetra-tert-butoxide as precursor. Deposition of a > 50Å thick film leads in both cases to tetragonal ZrO2 (t-ZrO2), whereas significant differences are found for thinner films. On Si(111)-(7x7) the local structure of t-ZrO2 is not observed until a film thickness of 51Å is reached. On Si(100)-(2x1) the local geometric structure of t-ZrO2 is formed already at a film thickness of 11Å. The higher tendency for the formation of t-ZrO2 on Si(100) is discussed in terms of Zr–O valence electron matching to the number of dangling bonds per surface Si atom. The Zr–O hybridization within the ZrO2 unit depends furthermore on the chemical composition of the surrounding. The precursor t-butoxy ligands undergo efficient C–O scission on Si(100), leaving carbonaceous fragments embedded in the interfacial layer. In contrast, after small deposits on Si(111) stable t-butoxy groups are found. These are consumed upon further deposition. Stable methyl and, possibly, also hydroxyl groups are found on both surfaces within a wide film thickness range.
|
|
| 34. |
|
|
| 35. |
- Lloyd, Katy A., et al.
(författare)
-
Differential ACPA Binding to Nuclear Antigens Reveals a PAD-Independent Pathway and a Distinct Subset of Acetylation Cross-Reactive Autoantibodies in Rheumatoid Arthritis
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-3224. ; 9, s. 1-22
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) associated anti-citrullinated protein autoantibodies (ACPA) target a wide range of modified proteins. Citrullination occurs during physiological processes such as apoptosis, yet little is known about the interaction of ACPA with nuclear antigens or apoptotic cells. Since uncleared apoptotic cells and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) products have been postulated to be central sources of autoantigen and immunostimulation in autoimmune disease, we sought to characterize the anti-nuclear and anti-neutrophil reactivities of ACFA. Serology showed that a subset of anti-CCP2 seropositive RA patients had high reactivity to full-length citrullinated histones. In contrast, seronegative RA patients displayed elevated IgG reactivity to native histone compared to controls, but no citrulline-specific reactivity. Screening of 10 single B-cell derived monoclonal AGFA from RA patients revealed that four ACPA exhibited strong binding to apoptotic cells and three of these had anti-nuclear (ANA) autoantibody reactivity. Modified histones were confirmed to be the primary targets of this anti-nuclear ACPA subset following immunoprecipitation from apoptotic cell lysates. Monoclonal ACPA were also screened for reactivities against stimulated murine and human neutrophils, and all the nuclear-reactive monoclonal ACPA bound to NETs. Intriguingly, one ACPA mAb displayed a contrasting cytoplasmic perinuclear neutrophil binding and may represent a different NET-reactive ACPA subset. Notably, studies of CRISPR-Cas9 PAD4 KO cells and cells from PAD KO mice showed that the cytoplasmic NET-binding was fully dependent on PAD4, whilst nuclear- and histone-mediated NEI reactivity was largely PAD-independent. Our further analysis revealed that the nuclear binding could be explained by consensus-motif driven ACPA cross-reactivity to acetylated histones. Specific acetylated histone peptides targeted by the monoclonal antibodies were identified and the anti-modified protein autoantibody (AMPA) profile of the ACPA was found to correlate with the functional activity of the antibodies. In conclusion, when investigating monoclonal ACPA, we could group ACPA into distinct subsets based on their nuclear binding-patterns and acetylation-mediated binding to apoptotic cells, neutrophils, and NETs. Differential anti-modified protein reactivities of RA-autoantibody subsets could have an important functional impact and provide insights in RA pathogenesis.
|
|
| 36. |
|
|
| 37. |
- Pepitone, Kevin, Dr, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
-
Design and Fabrication of a Canted-Cosine-Theta Double Aperture Orbit Corrector Dipole for the LHC
- 2023
-
Ingår i: IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity (Print). - : IEEE. - 1051-8223 .- 1558-2515. ; 33:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A prototype CCT dipole magnet developed by a collaboration between Swedish universities, Swedish industry and CERN will be tested at Uppsala University. This 1 m long double-aperture magnet can provide a field strength of 3.3 T at 85 A in a 70 mm aperture with an integrated field of 2.8 Tm. It is intended to replace the current LHC orbit corrector magnets which are reaching the end of their expected life due to the radiation load. The new magnet is designed to handle the radiation dose of the upgrade to the high-luminosity LHC, which will deliver about ten times the current radiation dose. It must therefore be more resistant to radiation and meet strict requirements in terms of electrical insulation while matching the original field quality and self-protective capability, mechanical volume, and maximum excitation current. This paper will present the latest of the design and manufacturing work, including the results of simulations of the mechanical field and the mechanical stress. Details of the various tests performed before machining the parts are also presented.
|
|
| 38. |
- Persson, Mikael, 1959, et al.
(författare)
-
Microwave-Based Stroke Diagnosis Making Global Prehospital Thrombolytic Treatment Possible
- 2014
-
Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0018-9294 .- 1558-2531. ; 61:11, s. 2806-2817
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Here, we present two different brain diagnostic devices based on microwave technology and the associated two first proof-of-principle measurements that show that the systems can differentiate hemorrhagic from ischemic stroke in acute stroke patients, as well as differentiate hemorrhagic patients from healthy volunteers. The system was based on microwave scattering measurements with an antenna system worn on the head. Measurement data were analyzed with a machine-learning algorithm that is based on training using data from patients with a known condition. Computer tomography images were used as reference. The detection methodology was evaluated with the leave-one-out validation method combined with a Monte Carlo-based bootstrap step. The clinical motivation for this project is that ischemic stroke patients may receive acute thrombolytic treatment at hospitals, dramatically reducing or abolishing symptoms. A microwave system is suitable for prehospital use, and therefore has the potential to allow significantly earlier diagnosis and treatment than today.
|
|
| 39. |
- Wang, Jason J., et al.
(författare)
-
Keck/NIRC2 L'-Band Imaging of Jovian-Mass Accreting Protoplanets around PDS 70
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Astronomical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0004-6256 .- 1538-3881. ; 159:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present L'-band imaging of the PDS 70 planetary system with Keck/NIRC2 using the new infrared pyramid wave front sensor. We detected both PDS 70 b and c in our images, as well as the front rim of the circumstellar disk. After subtracting off a model of the disk, we measured the astrometry and photometry of both planets. Placing priors based on the dynamics of the system, we estimated PDS 70 b to have a semimajor axis of au and PDS 70 c to have a semimajor axis of au (95% credible interval). We fit the spectral energy distribution (SED) of both planets. For PDS 70 b, we were able to place better constraints on the red half of its SED than previous studies and inferred the radius of the photosphere to be 2–3 R Jup. The SED of PDS 70 c is less well constrained, with a range of total luminosities spanning an order of magnitude. With our inferred radii and luminosities, we used evolutionary models of accreting protoplanets to derive a mass of PDS 70 b between 2 and 4 M Jup and a mean mass accretion rate between 3 × 10−7 and 8 × 10−7 M Jup/yr. For PDS 70 c, we computed a mass between 1 and 3 M Jup and mean mass accretion rate between 1 × 10−7 and 5 × 10−7 M Jup/yr. The mass accretion rates imply dust accretion timescales short enough to hide strong molecular absorption features in both planets' SEDs.
|
|
| 40. |
- Xiong, Y., et al.
(författare)
-
Polygenic risk scores of lithium response and treatment resistance in major depressive disorder
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Translational Psychiatry. - 2158-3188. ; 13:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Treatment response and resistance in major depressive disorder (MDD) are suggested to be heritable. Due to significant challenges in defining treatment-related phenotypes, our understanding of their genetic bases is limited. This study aimed to derive a stringent definition of treatment resistance and to investigate the genetic overlap between treatment response and resistance in MDD. Using electronic medical records on the use of antidepressants and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) from Swedish registers, we derived the phenotype of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and non-TRD within similar to 4500 individuals with MDD in three Swedish cohorts. Considering antidepressants and lithium are first-line treatment and augmentation used for MDD, respectively, we generated polygenic risk scores (PRS) of antidepressants and lithium response for individuals with MDD and evaluated their associations with treatment resistance by comparing TRD with non-TRD. Among 1778 ECT-treated MDD cases, nearly all (94%) used antidepressants before their first ECT and the vast majority had at least one (84%) or two (61%) antidepressants of adequate duration, suggesting these MDD cases receiving ECT were resistant to antidepressants. We did not observe a significant difference in the mean PRS of antidepressant response between TRD and non-TRD; however, we found that TRD cases had a significantly higher PRS of lithium response compared to non-TRD cases (OR = 1.10-1.12 under various definitions). The results support the evidence of heritable components in treatment-related phenotypes and highlight the overall genetic profile of lithium-sensitivity in TRD. This finding further provides a genetic explanation for lithium efficacy in treating TRD.
|
|
| 41. |
- Absil, Oliver, et al.
(författare)
-
Three years of harvest with the vector vortex coronagraph in the thermal infrared
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI. - : SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering. - 9781510601963 ; , s. 1-14
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- For several years, we have been developing vortex phase masks based on sub-wavelength gratings, known as Annular Groove Phase Masks. Etched onto diamond substrates, these AGPMs are currently designed to be used in the thermal infrared (ranging from 3 to 13 μm). Our AGPMs were first installed on VLT/NACO and VLT/VISIR in 2012, followed by LBT/LMIRCam in 2013 and Keck/NIRC2 in 2015. In this paper, we review the development, commissioning, on-sky performance, and early scientific results of these new coronagraphic modes and report on the lessons learned. We conclude with perspectives for future developments and applications.
|
|
| 42. |
- Aminoff, Anna Swärd, et al.
(författare)
-
Young elite Alpine and Mogul skiers have a higher prevalence of cam morphology than non-athletes
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0942-2056 .- 1433-7347. ; 28:4, s. 1262-1269
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose To investigate the prevalence of cam morphology in (1) a group of young elite Mogul and Alpine skiers compared with non-athletes and (2) between the sexes. Method The hip joints of 87 subjects [n = 61 young elite skiers (29 females and 32 males) and n = 26 non-athletes (17 females and 9 males)] were examined using MRI, for measurements of the presence of cam morphology (alpha-angle >= 55). Results The skiers had a significantly higher prevalence of cam morphology compared with the non-athletes (49% vs 19%, p = 0.009). A significant difference (p < 0.001) was also found between females and males, where 22% of the females and 61% of the males had cam morphology. Among the skiers, there was also a significant difference (p < 0.001) between the sexes, where 28% of the females and 68% of the males had cam morphology. This difference between the sexes was not found in the non-athletic group. No significant differences were found between Mogul and Alpine skiers. Conclusion Young male elite skiers have a higher prevalence of cam morphology of the hips compared with non-athletes.
|
|
| 43. |
- Andersson, Mikael, 1988, et al.
(författare)
-
Interplay of NH4+ and BH4- reorientational dynamics in NH4BH4
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Physical Review Materials. - 2475-9953. ; 4:8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The reorientational dynamics of ammonium borohydride (NH4BH4) was studied using quasielastic neutron scattering in the temperature interval from 10 to 240 K, which covers both the dynamically ordered and disordered polymorphs of NH4BH4. In the low-temperature (50 K) ordered polymorph of NH4BH4, analysis of the quasielastic neutron scattering data reveals that no reorientational dynamics is present within the probed timescale region of 0.1 to 100 ps. In the high-temperature (50 K) disordered polymorph, the analysis establishes the onset of NH4+ and BH4- dynamics at around 50 and 125 K, respectively. The relaxation time at 150 K for NH4+ is approximately 1 ps, while around 100 ps for BH4- . The NH4+ dynamics at temperatures below 125 K is associated with preferential tetrahedral tumbling motions, where each of the hydrogen atoms in the NH4+ tetrahedron can visit any of the four hydrogen sites, however, reorientations around a specific axis are more frequently occurring (C-2 or C3). At higher temperatures, the analysis does not exclude a possible evolution of the NH4+ dynamics from tetrahedral tumbling to either cubic tumbling, where the hydrogen atoms can visit any of the eight positions corresponding to the corners of a cube, or isotropic rotational diffusion, where the hydrogen atoms can visit any location on the surface of a sphere. The BH4- dynamics can be described as cubic tumbling. The difference in reorientational dynamics between the two ions is related to the difference of the local environment where the dynamically much slower BH4- anion imposes a noncubic environment on the NH4+ cation.
|
|
| 44. |
- Andersson, Mikael, 1986, et al.
(författare)
-
Promoting Persistent Superionic Conductivity in Sodium Monocarba-closo-dodecaborate NaCB11H12 via Confinement within Nanoporous Silica
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 125:30, s. 16689-16699
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Superionic phases of bulk anhydrous salts based on large cluster-like polyhedral (carba)borate anions are generally stable only well above room temperature, rendering them unsuitable as solid-state electrolytes in energy-storage devices that typically operate at close to room temperature. To unlock their technological potential, strategies are needed to stabilize these superionic properties down to subambient temperatures. One such strategy involves altering the bulk properties by confinement within nanoporous insulators. In the current study, the unique structural and ion dynamical properties of an exemplary salt, NaCB11H12, nanodispersed within porous, high-surface-area silica via salt-solution infiltration were studied by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray powder diffraction, neutron vibrational spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, quasielastic neutron scattering, and impedance spectroscopy. Combined results hint at the formation of a nanoconfined phase that is reminiscent of the high-temperature superionic phase of bulk NaCB11H12, with dynamically disordered CB11H12-anions exhibiting liquid-like reorientational mobilities. However, in contrast to this high-temperature bulk phase, the nanoconfined NaCB11H12 phase with rotationally fluid anions persists down to cryogenic temperatures. Moreover, the high anion mobilities promoted fast-cation diffusion, yielding Na+ superionic conductivities of similar to 0.3 mS/cm at room temperature, with higher values likely attainable via future optimization. It is expected that this successful strategy for conductivity enhancement could be applied as well to other related polyhedral (carba)borate-based salts. Thus, these results present a new route to effectively utilize these types of superionic salts as solid-state electrolytes in future battery applications.
|
|
| 45. |
- Berghammer, Malin, 1970, et al.
(författare)
-
Self-reported health status (EQ-5D) in adults with congenital heart disease
- 2013
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 165:3, s. 537-543
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Today, more patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) reach adulthood. There are conflicting findings concerning the relationship between quality of life (QoL) or health state for adults with CHD and the complexity of their CHD. The aim of the study was, firstly, to compare the reported health status and health perception of adult patients with CHD and, secondly, to investigate what variables influenced the patients' health status and health perception. Methods: Data from 1435 patients completing the EQ-5D questionnaire, which includes reported health status and health perception, were analyzed. Results: Valid EQ-5D data were reported by 1274 patients, showing overall results indicating a good health status. Problems were most frequently reported in the dimension "pain/discomfort" (31.9%) and "anxiety/depression" (29.8%). Higher occurrence of problems were reported by patients with complex disease i.e. single ventricle (p<0.001) and by female patients (p<0.0001). Symptomatic patients reported a lower health status (p<0.0001) and a lower perceived health on EQ-VAS (p<0.0001). Of the asymptomatic patients, 20.5% nevertheless reported problems in "pain/discomfort" and 22.2% in the "anxiety/depression" dimension. Conclusion: The health status of adults with CHD is influenced by symptoms, NYHA-classification, age and gender. Adults with CHD report a lower occurrence of problems in comparison to previously published results from a general population, but the importance of actively asking about the patient's experience is demonstrated by the high degree of asymptomatic patients reporting problems on EQ-5D. (c) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 46. |
- Blomquist, M, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparison between a conventional treatment energy and 50 MV photons for the treatment of lung tumours
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Physics in Medicine and Biology. - 0031-9155 .- 1361-6560. ; 47:6, s. 889-897
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Radiation therapy in the thoracic region is difficult due to the presence of many dose-limiting structures and the large density differences that affect the dose distribution. Conventional irradiation techniques use low-energy photon beams to avoid build-up effects superficially in the tumour and increased lateral scattering of the beams. For deep-seated tumours higher beam energies could have lung-sparing properties that would enable dose escalation. A comparison was made for a conventional low photon energy (6 MV) and 50 MV photons for the treatment of a lung tumour. A representative patient geometry was selected, consisting of a small tumour semi-enclosed in lung tissue. Treatment plans were designed using a commercial 3D-pencil beam treatment planning system. The treatment beams designed in the TPS were simulated with the Monte Carlo code EGS4/BEAM and the dose distribution in the phantom created from the patients CT-data was calculated using MCDOSE with identical beam geometry for both energies. The intrinsic difference between the two photon energies implies a sparing effect of lung that can be utilized for dose escalation. For a treatment with two beams the mean total dose to the tumour could be increased by 5.3% for 50 MV, corresponding to 3.2 Gy for a prescription dose of 60 Gy, with the same complication probability for the treated lung as for 6 MV. In conclusion, high-energy beams have qualities that can be taken advantage of for irradiation of lung tumours. Optimum solutions would probably require the use of both high- and low-energy beams.
|
|
| 47. |
- Brisslert, Mikael, 1974, et al.
(författare)
-
Helicobacter pylori induce neutrophil transendothelial migration: role of the bacterial HP-NAP
- 2005
-
Ingår i: FEMS Microbiol Lett. ; 249:1, s. 95-103
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Continuous recruitment of neutrophils into the inflamed gastric mucosal tissue is a hallmark of Helicobacter pylori infection in humans. In this study, we examined the ability of H. pylori to induce transendothelial migration of neutrophils using a transwell system consisting of a cultured monolayer of human endothelial cells as barrier between two chambers. We showed for the first time that live H. pylori, but not formalin-killed bacteria, induced a significantly increased transendothelial migration of neutrophils. H. pylori conditioned culture medium also induced significantly increased transendothelial migration, whereas heat-inactivated culture filtrates had no effect, suggesting that the chemotactic factor was proteinaceous. Depletion of H. pylori-neutrophil activating protein (HP-NAP) from the culture filtrates resulted in significant reduction of the transmigration. Culture filtrates from isogenic HP-NAP deficient mutant bacteria also induced significantly less neutrophil migration than culture filtrates obtained from wild-type bacteria. HP-NAP did not induce endothelial cell activation, suggesting that HP-NAP acts directly on the neutrophils. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that secreted HP-NAP is one of the factors resulting in H. pylori induced neutrophil transendothelial migration. We propose that HP-NAP contributes to the continuous recruitment of neutrophils to the gastric mucosa of H. pylori infected individuals.
|
|
| 48. |
- Christiansen, Evald H, et al.
(författare)
-
Instantaneous Wave-free Ratio versus Fractional Flow Reserve to Guide PCI.
- 2017
-
Ingår i: The New England journal of medicine. - : Massachussetts Medical Society. - 1533-4406 .- 0028-4793. ; 376:19, s. 1813-1823
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) is an index used to assess the severity of coronary-artery stenosis. The index has been tested against fractional flow reserve (FFR) in small trials, and the two measures have been found to have similar diagnostic accuracy. However, studies of clinical outcomes associated with the use of iFR are lacking. We aimed to evaluate whether iFR is noninferior to FFR with respect to the rate of subsequent major adverse cardiac events.We conducted a multicenter, randomized, controlled, open-label clinical trial using the Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry for enrollment. A total of 2037 participants with stable angina or an acute coronary syndrome who had an indication for physiologically guided assessment of coronary-artery stenosis were randomly assigned to undergo revascularization guided by either iFR or FFR. The primary end point was the rate of a composite of death from any cause, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or unplanned revascularization within 12 months after the procedure.A primary end-point event occurred in 68 of 1012 patients (6.7%) in the iFR group and in 61 of 1007 (6.1%) in the FFR group (difference in event rates, 0.7 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.5 to 2.8; P=0.007 for noninferiority; hazard ratio, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.79 to 1.58; P=0.53); the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval for the difference in event rates fell within the prespecified noninferiority margin of 3.2 percentage points. The results were similar among major subgroups. The rates of myocardial infarction, target-lesion revascularization, restenosis, and stent thrombosis did not differ significantly between the two groups. A significantly higher proportion of patients in the FFR group than in the iFR group reported chest discomfort during the procedure.Among patients with stable angina or an acute coronary syndrome, an iFR-guided revascularization strategy was noninferior to an FFR-guided revascularization strategy with respect to the rate of major adverse cardiac events at 12 months. (Funded by Philips Volcano; iFR SWEDEHEART ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02166736 .).
|
|
| 49. |
- Clements, C. C., et al.
(författare)
-
Genome-wide association study of patients with a severe major depressive episode treated with electroconvulsive therapy
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Molecular Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1359-4184 .- 1476-5578. ; 26:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of major depressive disorder (MDD) have identified many significant loci, the SNP-based heritability remains notably low, which might be due to etiological heterogeneity in existing samples. Here, we test the utility of targeting the severe end of the MDD spectrum through genome-wide SNP genotyping of 2725 cases who received electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for a major depressive episode (MDE) and 4035 controls. A subset of cases (n = 1796) met a narrow case definition (MDE occurring in the context of MDD). Standard GWAS quality control procedures and imputation were conducted. SNP heritability and genetic correlations with other traits were estimated using linkage disequilibrium score regression. Results were compared with MDD cases of mild-moderate severity receiving internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) and summary results from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC). The SNP-based heritability was estimated at 29-34% (SE: 6%) for the narrow case definition, considerably higher than the 6.5-8.0% estimate in the most recent PGC MDD study. Our severe MDE cases had smaller genetic correlations with neurodevelopmental disorders and neuroticism than PGC MDD cases but higher genetic risk scores for bipolar disorder than iCBT MDD cases. One genome-wide significant locus was identified (rs114583506, P = 5e-8) in an intron of HLA-B in the major histocompatibility locus on chr6. These results indicate that individuals receiving ECT for an MDE have higher burden of common variant risk loci than individuals with mild-moderate MDD. Furthermore, severe MDE shows stronger relations with other severe adult-onset psychiatric disorders but weaker relations with personality and stress-related traits than mild-moderate MDD. These findings suggest a different genetic architecture at the severest end of the spectrum, and support further study of the severest MDD cases as an extreme phenotype approach to understand the etiology of MDD.
|
|
| 50. |
|
|
