| 1. |
- Hagberg, Stig, et al.
(författare)
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Exposure to volatile methacrylates in dental personnel.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1545-9624 .- 1545-9632. ; 2:6, s. 302-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dental personnel are exposed to acrylates due to the acrylic resin-based composites and bonding agents used in fillings. It is well known that these compounds can cause contact allergy in dental personnel. However, in the 1990s, reports emerged on asthma also caused by methacrylates. The main volatile acrylates in dentistry are 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate. The aim of this study was to quantify the exposure to these acrylates in Swedish dental personnel. We studied the exposure to 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate in five randomly selected public dental clinics and at the Faculty of Odontology at G?teborg University. In total, 21 whole-day and 46 task-specific short-term (1-18 min) measurements were performed. The median 8-hour time-weighted averages were 2.5 microg/m3 (dentists) and 2.9 microg/m3 (dental nurses) for 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and 0.8 microg/m3 (dentists) and 0.3 microg/m3 (dental nurses) for methyl methacrylate. The maximum short-term exposure levels were 79 microg/m3 for 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and 15 microg/m3 for methyl methacrylate, similar in dentists and dental nurses. The observed levels are much lower than in complete denture fabrication. We found only one previous study in dentistry and it showed similar results (though it reported short-term measurements only). Irritant effects would not be expected in healthy people at these levels. Nevertheless, occupational respiratory diseases due to methacrylates may occur in dental personnel, and improvements in the handling of these chemicals in dentistry are warranted. This includes better vials for the bonding agents and avoiding evaporation from discarded materials.
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| 2. |
- Herlitz, Johan, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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Mortality and morbidity 1 year after early thrombolysis in suspected AMI: results from the TEAHAT Study.
- 1991
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Ingår i: Journal of internal medicine. Supplement. - : Journal of Internal Medicine. - 0955-7873. ; 734:suppl 1, s. 43-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We randomized 352 patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction (AMI) to treatment with rt-PA (n = 177) or placebo (n = 175). Patients were eligible if evaluated within 2 h and 45 min from onset of chest pain, and if aged less than 75 years. There were no ECG criteria for inclusion. A mobile coronary-care unit with a cardiologist present was used to initiate treatment at home in 29% of cases. During 1 year of follow-up the mortality in patients treated with rt-PA was 10.2%, as compared with 14.3% in patients the initial ECG, the mortality during the first year was 8% in the rt-PA group vs. 18% in the placebo group (P less than 0.05). Among patients without ST-elevation the mortality was 9% for the rt-PA group vs. 12% for the placebo group (NS). Requirement for rehospitalization, symptoms of angina pectoris and congestive heart failure, time of return to work and requirement for various medications did not differ significantly between the two groups, regardless of the initial ECG pattern.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Håkan, 1944, et al.
(författare)
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Astatine-211-labeled antibodies for treatment of disseminated ovarian cancer: an overview of results in an ovarian tumor model
- 2003
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Ingår i: Clin Cancer Res. - 1078-0432. ; 9:10 Pt 2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to establish and refine a preclinical model to alpha-immunoradiotherapy of ovarian cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: At-211 was produced by cyclotron irradiation of a bismuth-209 target and isolated using a novel dry distillation procedure. Monoclonal antibodies were radiohalogenated with the intermediate reagent N-succinimidyl 3-(trimethylstannyl)benzoate and characterized in terms of radiochemical yield and in vitro binding properties. In vitro OVCAR-3 cells were irradiated using an external Cobalt-60 beam, as reference, or At-211-albumin and labeled antibody. Growth assays were used to establish cell survival. A Monte Carlo program was developed to simulate the energy imparted and the track length distribution. Nude mice were used for studies of WBC depression, with various activities of Tc-99m antibodies, as reference, and At-211 antibodies. In efficacy studies, OVCAR-3 cells were inoculated i.p., and animals were treated 2 weeks later. The animals were either dissected 6 weeks later or followed-up for long-term survival. RESULTS: A rapid distillation procedure, as well as a rapid and high-yield, single-pot labeling procedure, was achieved. From growth inhibition data, the relative biological effectiveness of the alpha-emission for OVCAR-3 cells was estimated to be approximately 5, which is in the same range as found in vivo for hematological toxicity. At-211 MOv18 was found to effectively inhibit the development of tumors and ascites, also resulting in long-term survival without significant toxic effect. CONCLUSIONS: Use of the short-range, high-linear energy transfer alpha-emitter At-211 conjugated to a surface epitope-recognizing monoclonal antibody appears to be highly efficient without significant toxicity in a mouse peritoneal tumor model, urging a Phase I clinical trial.
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| 4. |
- Bohgard, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Designing work and technology on human terms
- 2009. - 1:1
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Ingår i: Work and technology on human terms. - Stockholm : Prevent. - 9789173650588 ; , s. 9-18
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 5. |
- Book, K, et al.
(författare)
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Functional adaptation to full-arch fixed prosthesis supported by osseointegrated implants in the edentulous mandible.
- 1992
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Ingår i: Clinical oral implants research. - 0905-7161. ; 3:1, s. 17-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of the present study was to assess possible adaptive functional changes in the masticatory system after insertion of fixed prostheses supported by osseointegrated implants in the edentulous mandible. Registrations of mandibular movement characteristics and maximal biteforce were performed at insertion and after 1 week, 3 months and 1 year after connection. The duration of the opening and closing phase decreased and maximal biteforce increased significantly (p < or = 0.05-0.001) from connection of the prostheses to the annual check-up. However, the process of functional adaptation implied 2 identified stages. An immediate phase that occurred within the 1st week, probably due to altered impact from mechano-sensitive receptors and a later more time-dependent phase, based on learning and new cortical engrams. Accordingly, the process of adaptation will continue over a long period of time.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Elgqvist, Jörgen, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Therapeutic efficacy and tumor dose estimations in radioimmunotherapy of intraperitoneally growing OVCAR-3 cells in nude mice with (211)At-labeled monoclonal antibody MX35
- 2005
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Ingår i: J Nucl Med. - 0161-5505. ; 46:11, s. 1907-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of-and to estimate the absorbed dose to-tumor cells from radioimmunotherapy (RIT) in an ovarian cancer model using the alpha-particle-emitting nuclide (211)At labeled to monoclonal antibody (mAb) MX35. Previous studies on mAb MOv18 did not allow for dosimetry because of antigen shedding in vitro. METHODS: Five-week-old female nude BALB/c nu/nu mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with 1 x 10(7) cells of the human tumor cell line OVCAR-3. Three weeks later, the animals were given approximately 400, 800, or 1,200 kBq of (211)At-labeled mAb MX35 intraperitoneally. As controls, one group of animals was injected with unlabeled mAb and another group was injected with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Another group was given approximately 400 kBq of (211)At labeled to the previously investigated mAb MOv18 for efficacy comparison. Two months after treatment, the animals were sacrificed and the presence of macroscopic and microscopic tumors, as well as ascites, was determined. The absorbed dose to tumor cells on the peritoneal surface was estimated in terms of the sum of a specific and a nonspecific contribution. The specific contribution, arising from mAbs binding to the antigenic sites on the cell membrane, was calculated using a dynamic compartment model developed in-house and Monte Carlo software. The model used as input values the number of mAbs injected into the abdominal cavity, N(mAb), the specific activity, A(sp), the association rate constant, k(on), and the maximal number of mAbs bound per cell, B(max)-all determined by in vitro experiments. This specific component of the absorbed dose was calculated for assumed cell cluster sizes with radii of 25, 50, and 100 microm. The nonspecific contribution to the absorbed dose was derived from unbound mAbs freely circulating in the abdominal cavity, also using the Monte Carlo software. RESULTS: In the control groups given unlabeled MX35 or PBS, all 18 animals had ascites, 6 of 9 animals in each group had macroscopic tumors, and all animals had microscopic growth. In the 3 groups given different amounts of (211)At-MX35, only 3 of 25 animals developed ascites. None of these animals had any sign of macroscopic tumors, but 8 had microscopic growth. In the group given (211)At-MOv18, no animals had ascites or macroscopic tumors, but 3 of 10 animals had microscopic tumors. After injecting 400 kBq of (211)At-MX35, the absorbed dose due to specific binding, for a cell cluster with a radius of 50 microm, ranged from 413 to 223 Gy between 0- and 45-microm distance from the cluster center, assuming a homogeneous distribution of (211)At-MX35 in the cluster. The contribution from unbound (211)At-MX35 and (211)At-MX35 only distributed on the cluster surface, for this cluster size, ranged from 7 to 14 Gy and from 29 to 94 Gy, between 0- and 45-microm distance from the cluster center, respectively. The calculated total absorbed doses are in a clinically relevant range and were effective as verified in the nude mice with subclinical intraperitoneal growth of OVCAR-3 cells. CONCLUSION: (211)At-MX35 injected intraperitoneally exhibits a high efficacy when treating micrometastatic growth of the ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR-3 on the peritoneum of nude mice.
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| 9. |
- Erneklint, Christian, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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An in vitro load evaluation of a conical implant system with 2 abutment designs and 3 different retaining-screw alloys.
- 2007
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Ingår i: The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants. - 0882-2786. ; 21:5, s. 733-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the load resistance in a conical implant system by comparing combinations of 2 different abutment head angles and 3 different retaining screw materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The retaining screw materials (titanium alloy, gold alloy, and commercially pure titanium) were tested with abutment-head angles of 20 degrees and 45 degrees. Six groups of 10 specimens each were prepared. An oblique (30-degree) compression test was performed in a Lloyd LRX universal testing machine with the abutment attached to a superstructure with a retaining screw. All specimens were loaded until fracture or permanent deformation occurred. The results were evaluated statistically with Wilcoxon signed rank test for variance distribution (P < .05 considered significant). RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences in load resistance between 20-degree and 45-degree abutments. The titanium screws (titanium alloy and commercially pure) in the 45-degree abutment group had almost equal mean values, while the gold alloy had a significantly lower value. In the 20-degree abutment group, significantly higher values were found with commercially pure titanium compared to titanium alloy and gold alloy, but the difference between the values for the gold and titanium alloys was not significant. DISCUSSION: The angulation of the abutment head played the most significant role in determining the amount of load withstood, but the material used for the screw was also relevant. CONCLUSION: A 45-degree abutment can be combined with a retaining screw of any of these materials to create a functional implant system. The test also substantiated that, irrespective of the retaining-screw material, a 20-degree abutment could resist loading forces of at least 900 N.
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| 10. |
- Gotfredsen, Klaus, et al.
(författare)
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Implants and/or teeth: consensus statements and recommendations.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of oral rehabilitation. - : Wiley. - 1365-2842 .- 0305-182X. ; 35:Suppl 1, s. 2-8
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In August 23-25, 2007, the Scandinavian Society for Prosthetic Dentistry in collaboration with the Danish Society of Oral Implantology arranged a consensus conference on the topic 'Implants and/or teeth'. It was preceded by a workshop in which eight focused questions were raised and answered in eight review articles using a systematic approach. Twenty-eight academicians and clinicians discussed the eight review papers with the purpose to reach consensus on questions relevant for the topic. At the conference the consensus statements were presented as well as lectures based on the review articles. In this article the methods used at the consensus workshop are briefly described followed by the statements with comments.
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| 11. |
- Karlsson, Stig, 1944, et al.
(författare)
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Adaptive changes of masticatory movement characteristics after rehabilitation with osseointegrated fixed prostheses in the edentulous jaw: a 10-year follow-up study.
- 1991
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Ingår i: The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants. - 0882-2786. ; 6:3, s. 259-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to assess possible adaptive changes in the masticatory rhythmical pattern after insertion of an osseointegrated fixed denture. Registrations of masticatory cycle duration, mandibular velocity, and displacement were performed before and 2 months and 10 years after rehabilitation. No major changes except for a decreased occlusal level phase had occurred regarding cycle duration over the years. However, a significantly higher mandibular velocity and greater displacement were recorded 2 months after rehabilitation. This trend was further established in the long term. Temporal timing of rhythmical chewing seems to be relatively consistent, suggesting that the central pattern generator driving output over time is constant.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Kvam, K., et al.
(författare)
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SOLUBILITY AND STRENGTH OF ZIRCONIA-BASED DENTAL MATERIALS AFTER ARTIFICIAL AGING
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. - 0022-3913. ; 110:4, s. 281-287
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Statement of problem. Advanced high-strength dental ceramics based on zirconium oxide are widely used for dental restorations. However, their durability in liquids has been questioned. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to compare the flexure strength of zirconium dioxide materials designed for different sintering techniques before and after surface exposure to an acidic solution and to correlate the dissolution of the materials with strength data. Material and methods. An accelerated aging test, immersion in hot (80 degrees C) 4 vol% acetic acid was used to study the solubility of elements from the surface and the effect on the strength of 3 dental zirconia products: DY: Y-TZP material, milled in HIPed state (Denzir); DM: Mg-PSZ material, milled in dense-sintered state (Denzir M); and CY: Y-TZP material, milled from presintered block and then dense-sintered (Cercon base). Disks were prepared with a surface conditioning as for copings provided for dental restorations. After immersion for 1 week, the liquid was analyzed for a range of elements with ICP-MS. Biaxial flexure strength was measured for 3 samples (n=15) of each material: ground on a 20 mu m diamond disk without immersion; after 1 week's immersion in acetic acid; and after 1 week's immersion, grinding, and 1 more week in acid. Fracture probability was analyzed by maximum likelihood attribution of individual measurements to 1 or 2 Weibull distributions, each with 2 free parameters. Results. Dissolution was found to be limited. The total mass loss was less than 0.7 mu g/cm(2) forY-TZP and 3.5 mu g/cm(2) for Mg-PSZ. The mean strength was reduced for all materials after immersion in the fluid. Weibull statistics revealed 2 fracture mechanisms in Y-TZP milled in fully sintered condition. For DY only, 2 distributions significantly (P>.99) improved the description of individual treatment data. Conclusions. Y-TZP materials showed the highest biaxial flexure strength. Immersion for 1 week in hot 4 vol% acetic acid weakened all 3 zirconia materials by 100 to 200 MPa. Milling in the presintered state resulted in less variability than milling in the HIPed, state. Mg-PSZ exhibited the least variability.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Osvalder, Anna-Lisa, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Metoder
- 2008
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Ingår i: Arbete och teknik på människans villkor. - 9789173650373 ; , s. 105-
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Svanborg, Per, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Marginal and internal fit of cobalt-chromium fixed dental prostheses generated from digital and conventional impressions
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Dentistry. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1687-8728 .- 1687-8736. ; 2014
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives. Digital impressions are increasingly used and have the potential to avoid the problem of inaccurate impressions. Only a few studies to verify the accuracy of digital impressions have been performed. The purpose of this study was to compare the marginal and internal fit of 3-unit tooth supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) fabricated from digital and conventional impressions. Methods. Ten FDPs were produced from digital impressions using the iTero system and 10 FDPs were produced using vinyl polysiloxane (VPS) impression material. A triple-scan protocol and CAD software were used for measuring and calculating discrepancies of the FDPs at 3 standard areas: mean internal discrepancy, absolute marginal gap, and cervical area discrepancy. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for analyzing the results. Results. For conventional and digital impressions, respectively, FDPs had an absolute marginal gap of 147 μm and 142 μm, cervical area discrepancy of 69 μm and 44 μm, and mean internal discrepancy of 117 μm and 93 μm. The differences were statistically significant in the cervical and internal areas (P < 0.001). Significance. The results indicated that the digital impression technique is more exact and can generate 3-unit FDPs with a significantly closer fit compared to the VPS technique. © 2014 Per Svanborg et al.
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| 19. |
- Wennström, Jan, 1947, et al.
(författare)
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Bone level change at implant-supported fixed partial dentures with and without cantilever extension after 5 years in function.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical periodontology. - 0303-6979. ; 31:12, s. 1077-83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze whether the inclusion of cantilever extensions increased the amount of marginal bone loss at free-standing, implant-supported, fixed partial dentures (FPDs) over a 5-year period of functional loading. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The patient material comprised 45 periodontally treated, partially dentate patients with a total of 50 free-standing FPDs supported by implants of the Astra Tech System. Following FPD placement (baseline) the patients were enrolled in an individually designed supportive care program. A set of criteria was collected at baseline to characterize the FPDs. The primary outcome variable was change in peri-implant bone level from the time of FPD placement to the 5-year follow-up examination. The comparison between FPDs with and without cantilevers was performed at three levels: FPD level, implant level, and surface level. Bivariate analysis was performed by the use of the Mann-Whitney U-test and stepwise regression analysis was utilized to evaluate the potential influence of confounding factors on the change in peri-implant bone level. RESULTS: The overall mean marginal bone loss for the implant-supported FPDs after 5 years in function was 0.4 mm (SD, 0.76). The bone level change at FPDs placed in the maxilla was significantly greater than that for FPDs in the mandible (0.6 versus 0.2 mm; p<0.05). No statistically significant differences were found with regard to peri-implant bone level change over the 5 years between FPDs with and without cantilevers at any of the levels of comparisons. The multivariate analysis revealed that the variables jaw of treatment and smoking had a significant influence on peri-implant bone level change on the FPD level, but not on the implant or surface levels. The model explained only 10% of the observed variance in the bone level change. CONCLUSION: The study failed to demonstrate that the presence of cantilever extensions in an FPD had an effect on peri-implant bone loss.
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| 20. |
- Wennström, Jan, 1947, et al.
(författare)
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Implant-supported single-tooth restorations: a 5-year prospective study.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical periodontology. - 0303-6979. ; 32:6, s. 567-74
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Comparatively few studies are available reporting at least 5 years of follow-up data of implant-supported single-tooth replacements. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate prospectively the 5-year outcome of implant-supported single-tooth prosthetic restorations. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty subjects (mean age 41 years), 23 males and 17 females, who required single-tooth prosthetic replacement for a missing tooth were recruited. A total of 45 self-tapping implants (Astra Tech ST-implants)--40 in the maxilla and five in the mandible--were installed in a two-stage procedure. Abutment connection was performed 3-6 months after implant installation. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed at the completion of the prosthetic treatment and once a year during a 5-year follow-up period. The analysis of peri-implant bone level alteration was performed on subject and implant levels and by the use of analysis of variance and binary logistic regression. RESULTS: Three patients were lost during the 5 years of follow-up. One implant was lost after 2.5 years in function and another four implants could not be accounted for at the 5-year follow-up examination. The overall failure rate at 5 years was 2.6% (subject level) and 2.3% (implant level). The mean loss of marginal bone at the implants during the first year in function was 0.06 mm (SD 0.67) on the subject level and 0.02 mm (0.65) on the implant level. During the subsequent 4 years the annual change in peri-implant bone level amounted to -0.02 mm (0.22) on both subject and implant levels. Thus, the mean total bone level change over the 5-year interval was -0.14 mm (1.04) on subject level and -0.11 mm (1.00) on the implant level of analysis (p>0.05). The frequency of implants with a 5-year bone loss of > or =1 mm was 13%. Approximately 50% of the implants demonstrated no bone loss. CONCLUSION: The present clinical trial on single-tooth replacements with the Astra Tech implant system demonstrated that the bone loss during the first year of function as well as annually thereafter was small.
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| 21. |
- Wennström, Jan, 1947, et al.
(författare)
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Oral rehabilitation with implant-supported fixed partial dentures in periodontitis-susceptible subjects. A 5-year prospective study.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical periodontology. - 0303-6979. ; 31:9, s. 713-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Comparatively few studies with at least 5 years of follow-up are available that describe the use of implants in prosthetic rehabilitation of partially edentulous patients. Randomized, controlled clinical studies that evaluated the effect of different surface designs of screw-shaped implants on the outcome of treatment are also sparse. OBJECTIVE: To determine, in a prospective randomized, controlled clinical trial, the outcome of restorative therapy in periodontitis-susceptible patients who, following basic periodontal therapy, had been restored with implants with either a machined- or a rough-surface topography. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty-one subjects (mean age, 59.5 years), 20 males and 31 females who, following treatment of moderate-to-advanced chronic periodontitis, required implant therapy for prosthetic rehabilitation were recruited. Seventeen of the patients were current smokers. Following the active treatment, all subjects were included in an individually designed maintenance program. A total of 56 fixed partial dentures (FPDs) and a total of 149 screw-shaped, and self-tapping implants (Astra Tech implants) -- 83 in the maxilla and 66 in the mandible -- were installed in a two-stage procedure. Each patient received a minimum of two implants and by randomization every second implant that was installed had been designed with a machined surface and the remaining with a roughened Tioblast surface. Abutment connection was performed 3-6 months after implant installation. Clinical and radiographical examinations were performed following FPD connection and once a year during a 5-year follow-up period. The analysis of peri-implant bone-level alterations was performed on subject, FPD and implant levels. RESULTS: Four patients and four FPDs were lost to the 5 years of monitoring. One implant (machined surface) did not properly integrate (early failure), and was removed at the time of abutment connection. Three implants were lost during function and a further eight implants could not be accounted for at the 5-year follow-up examination. The overall failure rate at 5 years was 5.9% (subject level), 5.3% (FPD level) and 2.7% (implant level). Radiographic signs of loss of osseointegration were not found at any of the implants during the 5-year observation period. During the first year in function there was on average 0.33 (SD, 0.61) mm loss of peri-implant marginal bone on the subject and FPD levels and 0.31 (0.81) mm on the implant level. During the subsequent 4 years, the peri-implant bone-level alterations were small. The calculated annual change in peri-implant bone level was -0.02 (0.15) on subject and FPD levels and -0.03 (0.20) on the implant level. Thus, the mean total bone-level change over the 5-year interval amounted to 0.41 mm on all three levels of analysis. In the interval between baseline and 5 years, the machined and the Tioblast implants lost on average 0.33 and 0.48 mm, respectively (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: The present randomized, controlled clinical trial that included partially edentulous periodontitis-susceptible subjects demonstrated that bone loss (i) during the first year of function as well as annually thereafter was small and (ii) did not vary between implants with machined- or rough-surface designs.
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| 22. |
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