| 1. |
- Augustsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Challenges in assessing the health risks of consuming vegetables in metal-contaminated environments
- 2018
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Ingår i: Environment International. - : Elsevier BV. - 0160-4120 .- 1873-6750. ; 113, s. 269-280
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A great deal of research has been devoted to the characterization of metal exposure due to the consumption of vegetables from urban or industrialized areas. It may seem comforting that concentrations in crops, as well as estimated exposure levels, are often found to be below permissible limits. However, we show that even a moderate increase in metal accumulation in crops may result in a significant increase in exposure. We also highlight the importance of assessing exposure levels in relation to a regional baseline. We have analyzed metal (Pb, Cd, As) concentrations in nearly 700 samples from 23 different vegetables, fruits, berries and mushrooms, collected near 21 highly contaminated industrial sites and from reference sites. Metal concentrations generally complied with permissible levels in commercial food and only Pb showed overall higher concentrations around the contaminated sites. Nevertheless, probabilistic exposure assessments revealed that the exposure to all three metals was significantly higher in the population residing around the contaminated sites, for both low-, medianand high consumers. The exposure was about twice as high for Pb and Cd, and four to six times as high for As. Since vegetable consumption alone did not result in exposure above tolerable intakes, it would have been easy to conclude that there is no risk associated with consuming vegetables grown near the contaminated sites. However, when the increase in exposure is quantified, its potential significance is harder to dismiss - especially when considering that exposure via other routes may be elevated in a similar way.
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| 2. |
- Ahlberg, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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No particle mass enhancement from induced atmospheric ageing at a rural site in northern Europe
- 2019
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Ingår i: Atmosphere. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4433. ; 10:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A large portion of atmospheric aerosol particles consists of secondary material produced by oxidation reactions. The relative importance of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) can increase with improved emission regulations. A relatively simple way to study potential particle formation in the atmosphere is by using oxidation flow reactors (OFRs) which simulate atmospheric ageing. Here we report on the first ambient OFR ageing experiment in Europe, coupled with scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS), aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) and proton transfer reaction (PTR)-MS measurements. We found that the simulated ageing did not produce any measurable increases in particle mass or number concentrations during the two months of the campaign due to low concentrations of precursors. Losses in the reactor increased with hydroxyl radical (OH) exposure and with increasing difference between ambient and reactor temperatures, indicating fragmentation and evaporation of semivolatile material.
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| 3. |
- Alriksson, Stina, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Temporal risk assessment – 20th century Pb emissions to air and exposure via inhalation in the Swedish glass district
- 2023
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 858:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of the present study was to assess historical emissions of Pb to air around a number of glassworks sites in southeastern Sweden, and the possible implications for human exposure. To do so, a four-step method was applied. First, emissions of Pb to air around 10 glassworks were modelled for the 20th century. Second, an assessment of the resulting exposure was made for a number of scenarios. Third, the number of people potentially exposed at different times was estimated, and fourth, measurements of “current” Pb concentrations in PM10 material from four sites were conducted in 2019. The results show that the highest emissions, and exposures, occurred from 1970 to1980. It coincides with the time period when the highest number of people resided in the villages. At this time, the average Pb concentration in air around the six largest factories was about 2.4 μg Pb/m3, i.e. 16 times the present US national ambient air quality standard (NAAQS) of 0.15 μg Pb/m3. By year 2000 the modelled average concentration had dropped to 0.05 μg Pb/m3, a level that is normal for urban regions today. The PM10 measurements from 2019 indicate a further decline, now with a mean value of about 0.02 μg Pb/m3. Over the entire study period, inhalation hazard quotients (HQs) exceeded the dietary HQ by many orders of magnitude, indicating that inhalation has been the most prevalent exposure pathway in the past. At present, both pathways are judged to be associated with low exposures. Even if only roughly approximated, a picture of the historical exposure can increase our understanding of the connection between exposure and disease, and can be valuable when risks are to be communicated to residents near contaminated areas.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Organisatoriska vägval -- En studie av Försäkringskassans förändringsarbete
- 2011
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Ingår i: Nordiske Organisasjonsstudier. - 1501-8237. ; 13:4, s. 53-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Swedish Social Insurance Agency is an important part of the Swedish welfare state. The Agency has recently made a number of major changes, such as establishing a new internal organization and reforming processes for decision making. Many of these changes have been controversial. Critics have complained that the Agency shows a lack of efficiency, has failed to make payments on time, and has been too harsh in its application of eligibility rules. The changes have put the agency at a number of crossroads, many of them recurring from earlier reforms, in dealing with problems such as regional differences in the application of rules. In this article, some of these choices are discussed. The discussion departs from four dichotomies: uniformity-local adaptation; centralization-decentralization; specialization-generalist approaches; and closeness-distance. These dichotomies are illustrated with examples from the agency. The general conclusion is that although the change process has taken a rocky road, there has been a great deal of internal consistency in the combination of measures taken.
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| 6. |
- Andersson, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Speglingar av en förvaltning i förändring: Reformeringen av Försäkringskassan
- 2012
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Svensk statsförvaltning genomgår, precis som privat sektor, ständigt förändringar och omstruktureringar, drivna av olika samhällstrender, ledarskapsidéer och politiska styrfilosofier. Vid dessa förändringar ställs verksamheten inför vägval som på olika sätt kan påverka dess förmåga att leva upp till omgivningens krav och förväntningar. Samtidigt finns inte utrymme för risktagande, eftersom förvaltningens agerande och beslut kan vara avgörande för individers försörjning och framtid. Det ställer stora krav på dessa myndigheter, som balanserar ekonomimål, demokratimål och rättssäkerhetsmål. Denna bok avser att spegla olika organisatoriska dilemman och utmaningar som myndigheter i svensk och internationell statsförvaltning kan möta. Detta sker med utgångspunkt i en studie av Försäkringskassans enmyndighetsreform år 2005 och dess förändringsarbete under åren därefter. Bokens författare kommer från tre olika ämnesområden: företagsekonomi, nationalekonomi och statsvetenskap. Samtliga är knutna till Lunds universitet och till forskningsprogrammet ”Från många till en?” (2008-2012). Programmet finansierades av Försäkringskassan, men genomfördes självständigt. Med boken hoppas författarna kunna öka förståelsen – och intresset - för frågor om organisation, styrning och ledning i en statsförvaltning i förändring.
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| 7. |
- Andreasson, Harriet, et al.
(författare)
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On permeability of methyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate through protective gloves in dentistry.
- 2003
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Ingår i: European journal of oral sciences. - : Wiley. - 0909-8836 .- 1600-0722. ; 111:6, s. 529-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Continuous glove use is more common in dentistry than in most other occupations, and the glove should offer protection against blood-borne infections, skin irritants and contact allergens. Methacrylate monomers are potent contact allergens, and it is known that these substances may penetrate the glove materials commonly used. The aim of this study was to assess the permeability of various types of gloves to methyl methacrylate (MMA), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) with special reference to combinations with ethanol or acetone. The permeation rate and time lag breakthrough (lag-BT) for MMA (neat, or diluted to 30% in ethanol or acetone), HEMA (30% in water, ethanol, or acetone) and TEGDMA (30% in ethanol or acetone) were investigated for different protective gloves. Nine different types of gloves were tested for one or several of these methacrylates. The lag-BT for neat MMA was
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Bengtsson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Fluorescence lidar imaging of fungal growth on high-voltage outdoor composite insulators
- 2005
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Ingår i: Optics and Lasers in Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 0143-8166 .- 1873-0302. ; 43:6, s. 624-632
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Remote fluorescence imaging of fungal growth on polymeric high-voltage insulators was performed using a mobile lidar system with a laser wavelength of 355 nm. Insulator areas contaminated by fungal growth could be distinguished from clean surfaces and readily be imaged. The experiments were supported by detailed spectral studies performed in laboratory using a fibre-optic fluorosensor incorporating an optical multi-channel analyser system (OMA) and a nitrogen laser emitting radiation at 33 7 nm.
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| 11. |
- Bengtsson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Fungus covered insulator materials studied with laser-induced fluorescence and principal component analysis
- 2005
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Ingår i: Applied Spectroscopy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0003-7028 .- 1943-3530. ; 59:8, s. 1037-1041
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method combining laser-induced fluorescence and principal component analysis to detect and discriminate between algal and fungal growth on insulator materials has been studied. Eight fungal cultures and four insulator materials have been analyzed. Multivariate classifications were utilized to characterize the insulator material, and fungal growth could readily be distinguished from a clean surface. The results of the principal component analyses make it possible to distinguish between algae infected, fungi infected, and clean silicone rubber materials. The experiments were performed in the laboratory using a fiber-optic fluorosensor that consisted of a nitrogen laser and an optical multi-channel analyzer system.
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| 12. |
- Betsholtz, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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Tracking 14C-labeled organic micropollutants to differentiate between adsorption and degradation in GAC and biofilm processes
- 2021
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Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - : The American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 55:16, s. 11318-11327
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Granular activated carbon (GAC) filters can be used to reduce emissions of organic micropollutants via municipal wastewater, but it is still uncertain to which extent biological degradation contributes to their removal in GAC filters. 14C-labeled organic micropollutants were therefore used to distinguish degradation from adsorption in a GAC-filter media with associated biofilm. The rates and extents of biological degradation and adsorption were investigated and compared with other biofilm systems, including a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) and a sand filter, by monitoring 14C activities in the liquid and gas phases. The microbial cleavage of ibuprofen, naproxen, diclofenac, and mecoprop was confirmed for all biofilms, based on the formation of 14CO2, whereas the degradation of 14C-labeled moieties of sulfamethoxazole and carbamazepine was undetected. Higher degradation rates for diclofenac were observed for the GAC-filter media than for the other biofilms. Degradation of previously adsorbed diclofenac onto GAC could be confirmed by the anaerobic adsorption and subsequent aerobic degradation by the GAC-bound biofilm. This study demonstrates the potential use of 14C-labeled micropollutants to study interactions and determine the relative contributions of adsorption and degradation in GAC-based treatment systems.
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| 13. |
- Betsholtz, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
-
Tracking 14C-Labeled Organic Micropollutants to Differentiate between Adsorption and Degradation in GAC and Biofilm Processes
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 55:16, s. 11318-11327
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Granular activated carbon (GAC) filters can be used to reduce emissions of organic micropollutants via municipal wastewater, but it is still uncertain to which extent biological degradation contributes to their removal in GAC filters. 14C-labeled organic micropollutants were therefore used to distinguish degradation from adsorption in a GAC-filter media with associated biofilm. The rates and extents of biological degradation and adsorption were investigated and compared with other biofilm systems, including a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) and a sand filter, by monitoring 14C activities in the liquid and gas phases. The microbial cleavage of ibuprofen, naproxen, diclofenac, and mecoprop was confirmed for all biofilms, based on the formation of 14CO2, whereas the degradation of 14C-labeled moieties of sulfamethoxazole and carbamazepine was undetected. Higher degradation rates for diclofenac were observed for the GAC-filter media than for the other biofilms. Degradation of previously adsorbed diclofenac onto GAC could be confirmed by the anaerobic adsorption and subsequent aerobic degradation by the GAC-bound biofilm. This study demonstrates the potential use of 14C-labeled micropollutants to study interactions and determine the relative contributions of adsorption and degradation in GAC-based treatment systems.
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| 14. |
- Blomberg, Stina, et al.
(författare)
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Anti-SSA/Ro antibody determination by enzyme-linked immunosorbent a supplement to standard immunofluorescence in antinuclear antibody screening
- 2000
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0300-9475 .- 1365-3083. ; 51:6, s. 612-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency and possible clinical relevance of SSA/Ro antibodies, as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), in patient sera not exhibiting a concomitant positive reaction by the standard immunofluorescence (IF) test using HEP-2 cells as substrate. SSA/Ro reactivity, as shown by ELISA, was found in 285 (7%) of 4025 serum samples consecutively remitted for antinuclear antibody (ANA) screening. Seventy-five of these serum samples (26%), derived from 64 patients, were negative by the IF-ANA screening test. Serum samples from all 64 patients exhibiting SSA/Ro reactivity by ELISA without concomitant positivity by IF-ANA were further investigated by IF using transfected HEP-2 cells hyperexpressing the 60,000 MW SSA/Ro antigen (HEP-2000(R)) and by immunodiffusion (ID) and Western blot. In 55 of these 64 patients, SSA/Ro reactivity could be verified by one or more of the other techniques investigated. Twelve of these patients fulfilled four or more American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and another five patients exhibited a histologically confirmed cutaneous lupus erythematosus (LE). In four of the 12 IF-ANA-negative patients with a diagnosis of SLE, the SSA/Ro reactivity was only detectable by ELISA and Western blot. In conclusion, the use of a sensitive ELISA assay could provide a clinically important supplement to the routine ANA screening by IF, which does not detect certain anti-SSA/Ro-containing sera among patients with relevant autoimmune diagnoses. Detection of anti-SSA/Ro antibodies, however, does not alone signify cutaneous LE or SLE but adds weight to these diagnoses that should rely heavily on other clinical information.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Ericsson, Stina, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Att analysera interaktion
- 2023
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Snart sagt alla situationer en människa befinner sig i präglas av interaktion. Människor pratar med varandra, rör sig genom ett rum, utbyter blickar, lär sig saker, arbetar, skämtar, håller i föremål ... Utmärkande för oss människor är nämligen att vi får saker och ting gjorda med vårt språk och våra kroppsliga resurser. Genom sådana handlingar påverkar vi vår omvärld och våra medmänniskor - och vi gör det tillsammans med dem. Det är studiet av denna mänskliga interaktion som boken handlar om. I första delen introduceras forskningsfältet interaktionsanalys och de arbetssätt, redskap och etiska ställningstaganden som hör till fältet. Den andra delen innehåller forskningsstudier som visar på bredden inom fältet och som pedagogiskt leder läsaren genom hela analysarbetet. Till boken hör även ett videomaterial som illustrerar några av bokens exempel, och som är tillgängligt för läsarens egna studier. Att analysera interaktion är avsedd för utbildningar inom språk vetenskap och angränsande ämnen som sociologi, utbildningsvetenskap och kommunikation.
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| 19. |
- Ericsson, Stina, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Etik
- 2023
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Ingår i: Att analysera interaktion / Stina Ericsson, Inga-Lill Grahn, Susanna Karlsson (red.).. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144136288 ; , s. 143-158
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ett etiskt förhållningssätt till inspelade deltagare och till själva forskningsuppgiften är något man utvecklar steg för steg, samtidigt med att man lär sig hantverket och teoretiska grunder inom interaktionsanalys. Det här kapitlet är en hjälp på vägen. När man använder sig av inspelningar av människor är det särskilt viktigt att se till att dessa människor och det material som de har givit upphov till hanteras på ett ansvarsfullt sätt som både gör materialet rättvisa och som inte utsätter deltagarna för risker eller saker de inte skulle gå med på. Detta gäller på olika sätt genom hela forskningsprocessen. För att visa detta går det här kapitlet igenom forskningsetiska frågor i förhållande till materialinsamling, transkription, analys och presentation av resultat. Kapitlet börjar med en motivering av varför forskningsetik behövs och en kort historik om forskningsetikens utveckling.
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| 20. |
- Ericsson, Stina, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Från iakttagelse till forskningsfråga
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Att analysera interaktion / Stina Ericsson, Inga-Lill Grahn, Susanna Karlsson (red.).. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144136288 ; , s. 35-44
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- En iakttagelse av någonting mellanmänskligt, en så kallad observation, är ofta starten i interaktionsforskning. Alla intressanta observationer blir dock inte forskning, eftersom man också måste formulera en fråga som gör det möjligt att undersöka dem systematiskt. Att ställa frågor är därför en stor del av forskningen, inte bara att söka svar. I det här kapitlet beskrivs hur interaktionsforskningens pionjärer började arbeta utifrån sina observationer och hur man som student och forskare idag kan ställa frågor till sitt material.
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| 21. |
- Ericsson, Stina, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Interaktionen växer fram
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Att analysera interaktion / Stina Ericsson, Inga-Lill Grahn, Susanna Karlsson (red.).. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144136288 ; , s. 89-110
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Med hjälp av interaktionsanalys kan man få syn på mönster i hur människor interagerar med varandra. Att detta alls är möjligt hänger samman med att mänsklig interaktion är strukturerad och organiserad enligt vissa mönster. I det här kapitlet behandlas ett antal centrala strukturer som forskningen om interaktion lett fram till.
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| 22. |
- Ericsson, Stina, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Materialinsamling
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Att analysera interaktion / Stina Ericsson, Inga-Lill Grahn, Susanna Karlsson (red.).. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144136288 ; , s. 45-58
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Inom interaktionsanalys besvaras forskningsfrågor med hjälp av något interaktionellt material som behöver samlas in. Det här kapitlet handlar om materialinsamling och börjar med att gå igenom vad interaktionsanalys använder sig av för material och varför. Därefter kommer en genomgång av överväganden att göra vid valet av material, följt av hur det går till att spela in ett eget material respektive att använda sig av material som redan finns. Slutligen beskrivs hur metadata, d.v.s. information om materialet, behöver hanteras.
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| 23. |
- Ericsson, Stina, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Praktiskt analysarbete
- 2023
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Ingår i: Att analysera interaktion / Stina Ericsson, Inga-Lill Grahn, Susanna Karlsson (red.).. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144136288 ; , s. 111-130
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- När materialet är insamlat och transkriptionsarbetet är i gång är det dags att börja tänka på sin analys. Arbetet med transkription är en viktig del av analysen, eftersom man lyssnar aktivt och därmed blir medveten om detaljer, mönster och återkommande praktiker. Den uppmärksamma närlyssning som är en del av att transkribera ger bra tillfällen att notera och samla ihop intressanta fenomen. När man har samlat på sig några exempel på vad som verkar vara ungefär samma fenomen är det dags att analysera. I det här kapitlet ges ett antal praktiska råd för arbetet med analysen.
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| 24. |
- Ericsson, Stina, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Presentera forskningsresultat
- 2023
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Ingår i: Att analysera interaktion / Stina Ericsson, Inga-Lill Grahn, Susanna Karlsson (red.).. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144136288 ; , s. 131-142
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Talet är till sin natur flyktigt. Det är borta i samma stund som man uttalat något. Visst kan upplevelsen av ett samtal hänga kvar, men själva talet är borta. Det är ett av skälen till att språkvetare genom historien främst arbetat med att redogöra för det skrivna språket. Det är också ett av skälen till att forskning om tal kräver ett särskilt angreppssätt när den ska presenteras och utmaningen är att levandegöra talet för läsaren – trots skriftens begränsningar. I det här kapitlet ges några rekommendationer för skriftlig presentation av forskning om samtal, men tankegångarna är användbara även för muntliga presentationer.
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| 25. |
- Fagerqvist, Therese, et al.
(författare)
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Off-pathway alpha-synuclein oligomers seem to alter alpha-synuclein turnover in a cell model but lack seeding capability in vivo
- 2013
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Ingår i: Amyloid. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1350-6129 .- 1744-2818. ; 20:4, s. 233-244
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aggregated α-synuclein is the major component of Lewy bodies, protein inclusions observed in the brain in neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. Experimental evidence indicates that α-synuclein potentially can be transferred between cells and act as a seed to accelerate the aggregation process. Here, we investigated in vitro and in vivo seeding effects of α-synuclein oligomers induced by the reactive aldehyde 4-oxo-2-nonenal (ONE). As measured by a Thioflavin-T based fibrillization assay, there was an earlier onset of aggregation when α-synuclein oligomers were added to monomeric α-synuclein. In contrast, exogenously added α-synuclein oligomers did not induce aggregation in a cell model. However, cells overexpressing α-synuclein that were treated with the oligomers displayed reduced α-synuclein levels, indicating that internalized oligomers either decreased the expression or accelerated the degradation of transfected α-synuclein. Also in vivo there were no clear seeding effects, as intracerebral injections of α-synuclein oligomers into the neocortex of α-synuclein transgenic mice did not induce formation of Proteinase K resistant α-synuclein pathology. Taken together, we could observe a seeding effect of the ONE-induced α-synuclein oligomers in a fibrillization assay, but neither in a cell nor in a mouse model.
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| 26. |
- Fagerqvist, Therese, et al.
(författare)
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Off-pathway α-synuclein oligomers seem to alter α-synuclein turnover in a cell model but lack seeding capability in vivo
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Amyloid. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1350-6129 .- 1744-2818. ; 20:4, s. 233-244
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aggregated alpha-synuclein is the major component of Lewy bodies, protein inclusions observed in the brain in neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. Experimental evidence indicates that alpha-synuclein potentially can be transferred between cells and act as a seed to accelerate the aggregation process. Here, we investigated in vitro and in vivo seeding effects of alpha-synuclein oligomers induced by the reactive aldehyde 4-oxo-2-nonenal (ONE). As measured by a Thioflavin-T based fibrillization assay, there was an earlier onset of aggregation when alpha-synuclein oligomers were added to monomeric alpha-synuclein. In contrast, exogenously added alpha-synuclein oligomers did not induce aggregation in a cell model. However, cells overexpressing alpha-synuclein that were treated with the oligomers displayed reduced alpha-synuclein levels, indicating that internalized oligomers either decreased the expression or accelerated the degradation of transfected alpha-synuclein. Also in vivo there were no clear seeding effects, as intracerebral injections of alpha-synuclein oligomers into the neocortex of alpha-synuclein transgenic mice did not induce formation of proteinase K resistant alpha-synuclein pathology. Taken together, we could observe a seeding effect of the ONE-induced alpha-synuclein oligomers in a fibrillization assay, but neither in a cell nor in a mouse model.
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| 27. |
- Falås, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Microbial bromate reduction following ozonation of bromide-rich wastewater in coastal areas
- 2022
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-9697. ; 841
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ozonation of wastewater can reduce the release of organic micropollutants, but may result in the formation of undesirable by-products, such as bromate from bromide. Bromide is one of the most abundant ions in seawater, the primary precursor of bromate during ozonation, and the end product in microbial bromate reduction. Investigations were carried out to compare the concentration of bromide in wastewater in coastal and non-coastal catchment areas, to monitor bromate formation during ozonation, and to assess the potential for subsequent bromate reduction with denitrifying carriers. Higher bromide concentrations were systematically observed in wastewater from coastal catchment areas (0.2–2 mg Br−/L) than in wastewater from non-coastal areas (0.06–0.2 mg Br−/L), resulting in elevated formation of bromate during ozonation. Subsequent investigations of bromate reduction in contact with denitrifying carriers from two full-scale moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs) showed that 80 % of the bromate formed during ozonation could be reduced to bromide in 60 min with first-order rate constants of 0.3–0.8 L/(gbiomass·h). Flow-through experiments with denitrifying carriers also showed that combined reduction of bromate and nitrate could be achieved below a concentration of 2 mg NOx−-N/L. These findings indicate that bromide-rich wastewater is more likely to be of concern when using ozonation in coastal than in non-coastal areas, and that bromate and nitrate reduction can be combined in a single biofilm reactor.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Forsberg, Eva, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Läxhjälp as Shadow Education in Sweden : The Logic of Equality in “a School for All”
- 2021
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Ingår i: ECNU Review of Education. - : Sage. - 2096-5311 .- 2632-1742. ; 4:3, s. 494-519
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Taking läxhjälp/homework support in Sweden as a case, this article aims to further explore shadow education, especially as a pedagogical object from curriculum theory perspective.Design/Approach/Methods: Approaches including policy analyses, ethnomethodological work based on video- recorded interaction, and narratives have produced empirically grounded knowledge. We use examples from several substudies and analyze the reentry and regulation of supplementary education and how tutors and tutees interact in tutoring settings and negotiate identities in läxhjälp as well as the relation to regular schooling.Findings: Läxhjälp is conditioned by the logic of equality and changes in the governance of läxhjälp. The proliferation of different kinds of tutoring practices provided by various organizations calls for a broad definition of shadow education. With curriculum as boundary object, equality and academic success are foundational. Different settings and spatiotemporal arrangements affect modes of interaction, distribution of epistemic authority, and negotiations of identities.Originality/Value: With Sweden as a case, it is possible to explore shadow education in a new context, the Scandinavian welfare state, and its history of comprehensive education. Moreover, ethnomethodological interaction and narrative studies and curriculum perspectives are seldom employed within research on shadow education. A number of critical key boundary objects are identified.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Gidstedt, Simon, et al.
(författare)
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Chemically enhanced primary treatment, microsieving, direct membrane filtration and GAC filtration of municipal wastewater : a pilot-scale study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Environmental Technology (United Kingdom). - : Taylor and Francis Ltd.. - 0959-3330 .- 1479-487X. ; , s. 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chemically enhanced primary treatment (CEPT) followed by microsieving and direct membrane filtration (DMF) as ultrafiltration, was evaluated on pilot scale at a municipal wastewater treatment plant. In addition, a granular activated carbon (GAC) filter downstream of DMF was evaluated for the removal of organic micropollutants. Up to 80% of the total organic carbon (TOC) and 96% of the total phosphorus were removed by CEPT with microsieving. The additional contribution of subsequent DMF was minor, and only five days of downstream GAC filtration was possible due to fouling of the membrane. Of the 21 organic micropollutants analysed, all were removed (≥ 98%) by the GAC filter until 440 bed volumes, while CEPT with microsieving and DMF removed only a few compounds. Measurements of the oxygen uptake rate indicated that the required aeration for supplementary biological treatment downstream of CEPT with microsieving, both with and without subsequent DMF, was 20−25% of that in the influent wastewater. This study demonstrated the potential of using compact physicochemical processes to treat municipal wastewater, including the removal of organic micropollutants.
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| 32. |
- Gubanski, S. M., et al.
(författare)
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Performance and diagnostics of biologically contaminated insulators
- 2007
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Ingår i: ICPADM 2006. - : IEEE. - 1424401895 - 9781424401895 ; , s. 23-30
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biological growth has been observed on insulators installed all over the world. However, so far, its impact on insulator performance is not well known. This paper summarizes a majority of the work published in the field. Based on the gathered experiences, it can be concluded that microbiological growth is unlikely to cause severe degradation of the rubber housings of non-ceramic insulators. Furthermore, it seems that the impact of growth on the insulator performance is rather low. Techniques available for detection and characterisation of growth on insulators are also described and discusses. Among those, laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy has been found to give good results in remote detection of micro-organisms.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Hallsén, Stina, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Teacher or friend? : consumer narratives on private supplementary tutoring in Sweden as policy enactment
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of education policy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0268-0939 .- 1464-5106. ; 34:5, s. 631-646
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Private supplementary tutoring (PST) is a worldwide enterprise that comes in a variety of forms and with a growing number of students. Sweden, together with the other Nordic countries, has a relatively short history of large-scale organised supplementary education, which can be explained by its confidence in regular mainstream education. In recent years though, this picture has partly changed, and today families in Sweden are offered different kinds of education services outside the ordinary school system. This paper targets how PST is legitimized and justified through marketing as a solution to problems related to the education of children. Through a positioning analysis of three consumer narratives published online by a PST company, this paper aims to further our understanding of which functions PST fills within the Swedish education system. Results show that private tutors appear in the consumer narratives as compensating for shortcomings in schools and families as well as complementing the support that parents and teachers can offer children. These findings signal that PST marketing creates demands for different kinds of support which may, in the long run, rewrite the map of the Swedish education landscape.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Hemmingsson, Eva-Stina, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of pain and pharmacological pain and treatment among old people in nursing homes in 2007 and 2013
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. - : Springer. - 0031-6970 .- 1432-1041. ; 74:4, s. 483-488
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Many elderly people living in nursing homes experience pain and take analgesic medication. The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of pain and pharmacological pain treatment among people living in nursing homes in Sweden, in two large, comparable, samples from 2007 to 2013.Methods: Cross-sectional surveys were performed in 2007 and 2013, including all residents in nursing homes in the county of Västerbotten, Sweden. A total of 4933 residents (2814 and 2119 respectively) with a mean age of 84.6 and 85.0 years participated. Of these, 71.1 and 72.4% respectively were cognitively impaired. The survey was completed by the staff members who knew the residents best.Results: The prescription of opioids became significantly more common while the use of tramadol decreased significantly. The staff reported that 63.4% in 2007 and 62.3% in 2013 had experienced pain. Of those in pain, 20.2% in 2007 and 16.8% in 2013 received no treatment and 73.4 and 75.0% respectively of those with pain, but no pharmacological treatment, were incorrectly described by the staff as being treated for pain.Conclusions: There has been a change in the pharmacological analgesic treatment between 2007 and 2013 with less prescribing of tramadol and a greater proportion taking opioids. Nevertheless, undertreatment of pain still occurs and in many cases, staff members believed that the residents were prescribed analgesic treatment when this was not the case.
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| 38. |
- Hemmingsson, Eva-Stina, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of pain and pharmacological pain treatment among old people in nursing homes in 2007 and 2013
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. - : Springer. - 0031-6970 .- 1432-1041. ; 74:4, s. 483-488
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeMany elderly people living in nursing homes experience pain and take analgesic medication. The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of pain and pharmacological pain treatment among people living in nursing homes in Sweden, in two large, comparable, samples from 2007 to 2013.MethodsCross-sectional surveys were performed in 2007 and 2013, including all residents in nursing homes in the county of Västerbotten, Sweden. A total of 4933 residents (2814 and 2119 respectively) with a mean age of 84.6 and 85.0 years participated. Of these, 71.1 and 72.4% respectively were cognitively impaired. The survey was completed by the staff members who knew the residents best.ResultsThe prescription of opioids became significantly more common while the use of tramadol decreased significantly. The staff reported that 63.4% in 2007 and 62.3% in 2013 had experienced pain. Of those in pain, 20.2% in 2007 and 16.8% in 2013 received no treatment and 73.4 and 75.0% respectively of those with pain, but no pharmacological treatment, were incorrectly described by the staff as being treated for pain.ConclusionsThere has been a change in the pharmacological analgesic treatment between 2007 and 2013 with less prescribing of tramadol and a greater proportion taking opioids. Nevertheless, undertreatment of pain still occurs and in many cases, staff members believed that the residents were prescribed analgesic treatment when this was not the case.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Johansson, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Asthma treatment preference study : a conjoint analysis of preferred drug treatments
- 2004
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Ingår i: Chest. - : Elsevier BV. - 0012-3692 .- 1931-3543. ; 125:3, s. 916-923
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Assessment of patient preferences for attributes of asthma treatments. METHODS: Two hundred ninety-eight patients (age range, 18 to 60 years) from 15 centers in Sweden completed a questionnaire concerning their asthma, and ranked 18 alternative treatments using conjoint analysis. Patients were receiving treatment with either inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and short-acting bronchodilator (n = 123) or ICS and long-acting bronchodilator (separate inhalers, n = 87; combination inhaler, n = 88). Attributes analyzed were maintenance treatment, additional reliever, time to onset and duration of reliever, number of symptom-free days (SFDs) per month, and out-of-pocket cost per month. RESULTS: Conjoint analysis showed that the most important aspect of treatment was SFD. Forty percent of the patients had CONCLUSION: SFDs were the most important attribute in asthma treatment. Patients were willing to pay for a switch to their preferred treatment. The most favored treatments were a reliever therapy that is both rapid and long acting and a combination inhaler for both maintenance and as-needed use.
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| 41. |
- Juárez, Rubén, et al.
(författare)
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Integrating dissolved and particulate matter into a prediction tool for ozonation of organic micropollutants in wastewater
- 2021
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-9697. ; 795
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ozonation is an established technique used to reduce the discharge of organic micropollutants into the aquatic environment, but the possibility of predicting the ozone demand for different wastewater matrices is still limited, especially in the presence of suspended solids (SS). A new tool for the prediction of the removal of organic micropollutants with ozone, based on dissolved and particulate matter in activated sludge effluents, was therefore developed. The removal of 25 organic micropollutants was determined on laboratory scale in the presence and absence of suspended solids. The linear trajectories of the dose–response curves enabled the determination of a new set of removal constants, based on dissolved chemical oxygen demand (COD) and SS. The presence of SS had a more negative effect on the removal of slow-reacting micropollutants (removal constant <3.5 mg CODCr,diss·mg O3−1) with ozone than on the fast-reacting micropollutants (removal constant >3.5 mg CODCr,diss·mg O3−1). However, the decreased removal of the organic micropollutants was generally small, <10%, at typical SS concentrations, <25 mg SS·L−1. Integration of the new removal constants based on COD and SS enabled the removal in an ozone pilot plant to be modelled with an average deviation of <10% for several organic micropollutants. The use of the frequently measured parameters, COD and SS, as input parameters could facilitate the future use of the tool to predict the removal of micropollutants during ozonation.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Karlsson, Anne-Li, et al.
(författare)
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Bet v 1 homologues in strawberry identified as IgE-binding proteins and presumptive allergens
- 2004
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Ingår i: Allergy. - : Wiley. - 1398-9995 .- 0105-4538. ; 59:12, s. 1277-1284
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: No strawberry allergen has so far been identified and characterized. Methods: Serum samples were collected from patients with a suggestive case history of adverse reactions to strawberry and other fruits. Extracts from fresh and frozen strawberries were analysed by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), Western blotting and mass spectrometry. Patient blood samples were analysed for inhibition of IgE binding and basophil degranulation. Results: Several IgE-binding proteins could be detected. In more than half of the patient sera, a 20/18-kDa doublet band was observed in Western blotting. These two bands were excised and analysed by mass spectrometry showing the presence of proteins belonging to the Bet v 1 family of allergens. Inhibition of the IgE binding to the 20/18-kDa doublet was obtained by addition of two recombinantly expressed allergens belonging to the Bet v 1 family (Bet v 1 and Mal d 1) and strawberry protein extract. In a cell-based assay of patient blood samples, basophil degranulation could be induced by strawberry protein extract and by Bet v 1 and Mal d 1. Conclusions: We conclude that strawberry homologues to Bet v 1 may be allergens of importance for adverse reactions to strawberry.
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| 44. |
- Karlsson-G, Sofie
(författare)
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Tillsammans men var för sig : Om särboenderelationer mellan äldre kvinnor och män i Sverige
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Contemporary family life and intimate relationships today are characterised by increasing heterogeneity. In the growing body of research on this differentiation, the role of the elderly people has largely been ignored. But to an increasing extent the "young old" (65-74 years of age), in particular, are active participants in the process of the differentiation of intimate relationships. One of the least researched contributions of the elderly to the restructuring of contemporary intimate relationships is the establishment of lastint intimate relationships that do not include a mutual home, i.e. an alternative to marriage or other forms of cohabition. This type of relationship is referred to as Living Apart Together (henceforth LAT-relationships. In Swedish: särboende). The aim of this thesis is to examine LAT-relationships among elderly heterosexual individuals in Sweden, focusing in particular on the influence of this type of relationship on commitments, intimacy and autonomy. A major dilemma is the question of who should provide the care and service that ageing often demands. A pluralistic methodological approach has been adopted in the four differnt papers in this thesis, whick includes the use of a qualitative pilot study, a broad quantitative questionnaire study, a qualitative interview study and finally a qualitative study with a lifestory perspective.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Karlsson, Patrick, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of Skeletal Fibers in Three Dimensional Images : Methodological considerations
- 2007
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Ingår i: XXXVIth European Muscle Conference of the European Society for Muscle Research. ; , s. 130-
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Knowledge of the detailed three dimensional organization of nuclei in skeletal muscle fibers is of fundamental importance for the understanding of the basic mechanisms involved in muscle wasting associated with for example neuromuscular disorders and aging. An ongoing interdisciplinary collaboration between the Centre for Image Analysis (CBA), and the Muscle Research Group (MRG), both at Uppsala University, addresses the issue of spatial distribution of myonuclei using confocal microscopic techniques together with advanced methods for computerized image analysis. Performing quantitative analysis on true three dimensional volume images captured by confocal microscopy gives us the option to perform in-depth statistical analysis of the relationship between neighboring myonuclei. The three dimensional representation enables extraction of a number of features for individual myonuclei, e.g., size and shape of a nucleus, and the myonuclear domain (in which each myonucleus control the gene products). This project investigates data sets from single muscle fibers sampled from mouse, rat, pig, human, horse and rhino to determine the myonuclei arrangement between species with a 100,000 fold difference in body weight. The appropriate image analysis tools needed for gaining the understanding of organization in three dimensional volume images are developed within the project to facilitate the analysis of similarities between species, and unique features within a species. The accumulated understanding of the spatial organization of myonuclei, and the effect of individual myonuclei size, will lead to an increased knowledge of basic mechanisms underlying muscle wasting in various neuromuscular disorders. This knowledge will hopefully lead to new therapeutic strategies that can be evaluated in experimental animal models prior to clinical testing trials in patients.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Karlsson, Sofie, et al.
(författare)
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Caring while living apart
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of gerontological social work. - Abingdon : Routledge. - 0163-4372 .- 1540-4048. ; 49:4, s. 3-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, researchers have paid increasing attention to the issue of care in the new types of family and partner relationships. The aim of this study is to examine expectations and attitudes concerning care among elderly people in LAT (Living Apart Together)- relationships in Sweden, that is, people who have a long-term intimate relationship, but who do not share a common home. Questionnaires were completed by 116 elderly people in LAT-relationships. Partners are ranked as the main providers of care, especially by men, but there is considerable variation in the answers. This seems to be principally related to the degree of flexibility in this type of relationship. Some individuals see a LAT-relationship as a marriage-like relationship, while others see it primarily as a type of relationship that guarantees them the possibility of maintaining their own independent way of life.
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| 49. |
- Karlsson, Stina, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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CFD modelling of the Wurster bed coater.
- 2009
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Ingår i: AICHE Journal. - : Wiley. - 1547-5905 .- 0001-1541. ; 55:10, s. 2578-2590
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the Wurster bed coater, the wetting, drying, and circulation of particles are combined to produce a high quality coating. The drying and wetting conditions in a laboratory scale Wurster bed coater are modeled and compared with experimental data. A model combining multiphase fluid dynamics with heat and mass transfer is developed to model the particle and gas motion and the transport of thermal energy and moisture. A wetting region is defined, where a specified moisture content is set in the particle phase, above the jet inlet, to describe the injection ofcoating liquid. The simulation shows the characteristic circulation of particles in the equipment, as well as the behavior of the moisture in the system and agrees well with measurements. The simulation indicates how different process conditions influence the drying regions. The results show that most ofthe drying, under typical operating conditions, takes place in the Wurster tube. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers.
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| 50. |
- Karlsson, Stina, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization and mathematical modelling of single fluidised particle coating
- 2011
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Ingår i: Powder Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-328X .- 0032-5910. ; 207:1-3, s. 245-256
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A study was made of coating single particles with water-based dispersions under realistic fluid dynamic and well-defined operating conditions. The surfaces of the coated particles were observed with atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). AFM was used to study the latex particle packing and the colloid particle coalescence at the nanoscale, while SEM was used to study the film at the droplet size level. The influence of temperature, moisture content and spray rate were investigated. The experiments showed a coating layer built up of rings of colloid particles for all cases studied except for high spray rate. A variation in the degree of coalescence between colloid particles with different glass transition temperatures, T-g, was shown in AFM. Cracks in the coating layer were observed when the temperature was lower than T-g. Mechanism evaluation using dimensionless numbers showed that a droplet will spread to the equilibrium angle without splashing; the colloid particles accumulate at the interface between the liquid and the air for all cases studied except air with 90% RH and 20 degrees C and a wet-bulb temperature in the coating layer. The evaluation indicated that no skin forms in any of the cases. A model of the drying of a single droplet was developed to describe the experimental results with rings of colloid particles. The simulation of the shape and height of the dried droplet agrees well with the experimental results. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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