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- Vinko, S. M., et al.
(författare)
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Time-Resolved XUV Opacity Measurements of Warm Dense Aluminum
- 2020
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - : American Physical Society. - 1079-7114 .- 0031-9007. ; 124:22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The free-free opacity in plasmas is fundamental to our understanding of energy transport in stellar interiors and for inertial confinement fusion research. However, theoretical predictions in the challenging dense plasma regime are conflicting and there is a dearth of accurate experimental data to allow for direct model validation. Here we present time-resolved transmission measurements in solid-density Al heated by an XUV free-electron laser. We use a novel functional optimization approach to extract the temperature-dependent absorption coefficient directly from an oversampled pool of single-shot measurements, and find a pronounced enhancement of the opacity as the plasma is heated to temperatures of order of the Fermi energy. Plasma heating and opacity enhancement are observed on ultrafast timescales, within the duration of the femtosecond XUV pulse. We attribute further rises in the opacity on ps timescales to melt and the formation of warm dense matter.
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- Askaner, K., et al.
(författare)
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Differentiation between glioblastomas and brain metastases and regarding their primary site of malignancy using dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI at 3T
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Neuroradiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0150-9861. ; 46:6, s. 367-372
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Differentiation between glioblastoma and brain metastasis may be challenging in conventional contrast-enhanced MRI. Purpose: To investigate if perfusion-weighted MRI is able to differentiate glioblastoma from metastasis and, as a second aim was to see if it was possible in the latter group, to predict the primary site of neoplasm. Material and methods: Hundred and fourteen patients with newly discovered tumor lesion (76 metastases and 38 glioblastomas) underwent conventional contrast-enhanced MRI including dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion sequence. The calculated relative cerebral blood volumes were analyzed in the solid tumor area, peritumoral area, area adjacent to peritumoral area, and normal appearing white matter in contralateral semioval center. The Student t-test was used to detect statistically significant differences in relative cerebral blood volume between glioblastomas and metastases in the aforementioned areas. Furthermore, the metastasis group was divided in four sub groups (lung-, breast-, melanoma-, and gastrointestinal origin) and using one-way ANOVA test. P-values < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: Relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) in the peritumoral edema was significantly higher in glioblastomas than in metastases (mean 3.2 ± 1.4 and mean 0.9 ± 0.7), respectively, (P < 0.0001). No significant differences in the solid tumor area or the area adjacent to edema were found, (P = 0.28 and 0.21 respectively). There were no significant differences among metastases in the four groups. Conclusion: It is possible to differentiate glioblastomas from metastases by measuring the CBV in the peritumoral edema. It is not possible to differentiate between brain metastases from different primaries (lung-, breast-, melanoma or gastrointestinal) using CBV-measurements in the solid tumor area, peritumoral edema or area adjacent to edema.
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- Bajpai, Anju, et al.
(författare)
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Isoforms diversity and transcriptional regulation of floral meristem identity and pathway integrators, driving floral transition in mango under subtropics
- 2024
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Ingår i: Scientia Horticulturae. - 0304-4238. ; 334
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Floral initiation in mango is intricately regulated by a complex genetic network that integrates diverse environmental and endogenous cues. The flowering patterns in different varieties contingent upon their genetic network and sensitivity to the environmental signals, culminating in the phenomenon of "alternate bearing in several mango varieties. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive molecular dissection of the genetic regulators of flowering through comparative transcriptomics in mango varieties having contrast flowering pattern traits. A total of 45 and 54 million 150 base-paired reads were obtained and assembled in 58,094 and 50,945 transcripts for Amrapali and Chausa, respectively. Among them several candidates were identified as flowering regulators, operating at multilevel like floral meristem transition (SUPPRESSOR OF OVER-EXPRESSION OF CONSTANS, MiSOC1, and APETELA, MiAP1 and MiAP2), floral signal integrators (CONSTANS- LIKE, MiCOL; AGAMOUS LIKE MiAGL and SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN LIKE, MiSPL), hormonal regulation (S-adenosyl methionine synthase, MiSAMS), cell division and cell cycle regulators (Cyclin dependant kinase, MiCDK5 and SIN-associated polypeptide, MiSAP18). Moreover, multiple isoforms of these flowering genes were also identified in these varieties. qRT-PCR analysis revealed differential transcriptional regulation of these multiple isoforms in floral and vegetative buds in the contrasting varieties. Furthermore, by investigating the gene expression of these multiple isoforms in various mango varieties with different flowering pattern traits, we established the role of these isoforms in mango flowering. Finally, gene expression findings supported by protein motif analysis and phylogenetic insights facilitated the development of a comprehensive flowering model that may applicable to subtropical ecology.
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- Lee, Joseph G. L., et al.
(författare)
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Health-related regional and neighborhood correlates of sexual minority concentration : A systematic review
- 2018
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 13:6
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundA growing literature explores spatial patterns of regional and neighborhood correlates of sexual minority (e.g., lesbian, gay, bisexual) concentration. Such patterns have implications for health and wellbeing if there are differences in health-promoting or health-hindering resources in neighborhoods or regions. We conducted a systematic review to assess sexual minority concentration in relation to area unit characteristics.MethodsWe included only records published after 1973 and made no exclusions by geography or language. We searched 11 databases (Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, Embase, GeoBase, GeoRef, LGBT Life, PsycINFO, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Sociological Abstracts, Web of Science) on November 19–21, 2016. We searched reference lists of included records. We used the following inclusion criteria: (1) Record is a quantitative study (that is, it uses statistics to describe or associate two or more variables); (2) Record is about (a) migration or internal migration of, (b) area unit selection by, or (c) concentration of sexual minority people (defined by identity, behavior, or attraction); (3) Criterion 2 is linked to the characteristics of regions or neighborhoods (at any spatial scale).ResultsDual independent coding resulted in 51 records meeting inclusion criteria from the original pool of 5,591. From these records, we identified the 647 reported results linking sexual minority concentration with area unit characteristics. Of these, 132 were unadjusted relationships between sexual minority concentration and four theory-informed domains of neighborhood influence on health. We identified greater concentration of sexual minorities in regions with more resources and in more urban regions. A limited but troubling literature at the neighborhood level suggested potentially higher concentrations of sexual minorities in neighborhoods with fewer resources.ConclusionsThere are substantial gaps in the literature. We discuss the implications of our findings and gaps in relation to key theories of sexual minority health.
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