| 1. |
- Ljungdahl, M, et al.
(författare)
-
Bacterial translocation in experimental shock is dependent on the strains in the intestinal flora.
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 35, s. 389-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Enteric microorganisms are responsible for a significant proportion of post-surgical infections. Intestinal mucosal injury may permit translocation of bacteria and endotoxin. This study investigates translocation in peritonitis and ischemia/reperfusion by inoculating different bacterial species into the small intestine.METHODS: Twenty-five pigs were monitored hemodynamically and divided into three groups: controls (C), ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), and peritonitis (P). Intramucosal pH (pHi) was calculated tonometrically. A perfusion tube was positioned in the ileum for inoculation of the bacterial strains. In a first study period a non-pathogenic bacterium was used, whereas Escherichia coli strains with known ability to translocate were used in a second. Blood and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) were obtained for bacterial culture and endotoxin analyses.RESULTS: Mesenteric arterial blood flow and pHi decreased in groups I/R and P. Endotoxin levels increased in these groups in period 1, whereas in period 2 an increase over time was only observed in group P. No bacterial translocation to blood or MLNs occurred in period 1. In period 2 bacteria translocated to MLNs in all animals, including controls. Translocation to central and/or mesenteric venous blood was found in all groups, but mainly in I/R and P. The incidence of mucosal injury was similar in the two periods.CONCLUSIONS: Since positive blood and MLN samples were only found in period 2, we conclude that translocation of bacteria seems to be more dependent on the presence of translocating strains in the intestinal bacterial flora than on the mucosal insult.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Katouli, M., et al.
(författare)
-
Host species-specific translocation of Escherichia coli
- 2009
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0934-9723 .- 1435-4373. ; 28:9, s. 1095-1103
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to investigate the rate of translocation of Escherichia coli strains in different experimental/animal models. Four proficient translocating E. coli strains isolated from mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) and/or the blood of rats (strains KIC-1 and KIC-2), from a fatal case of pancreatitis (HMLN-1) and from pigs (PC-1 isolated in this study) were tested for their ability to translocate across two host species and the Caco-2 cell line as a model of the human gut epithelium. HMLN-1 was found in the MLNs of all 15 pigs tested. This strain, however, did not translocate in any rats and only colonised the caecum of four rats in small numbers. HMLN-1 and PC-1 were the dominant translocating strains in Caco-2 cells compared to KIC-1 and KIC-2, which were found to translocate at a lower rate in pigs and in Caco-2 cells. The rate of translocation of PC-1 in rats was also very low compared to KIC-1 and KIC-2. We suggest that, in studies aiming to investigate the mechanism of translocation of E. coli strains isolated from humans, rats may not be an appropriate animal model and that the Caco-2 cells or pigs are more suitable in vitro and in vivo models, respectively.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
- Katouli, M, et al.
(författare)
-
Virulence characteristics of Escherichia coli strains causing acute cystitis in young adults in Iran.
- 2005
-
Ingår i: The Journal of infection. - : Elsevier BV. - 0163-4453. ; 50:4, s. 312-21
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Escherichia coli strains that cause cystitis posses virulence properties that facilitate their colonisation and persistence in the bladder. In Iran, despite the high number of the urinary tract infections, very few studies has been done to determine the role of these virulence properties in the pathogenesis of E. coli cyctitis.
|
|
| 19. |
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
- Nettelbladt, C. G., et al.
(författare)
-
Starvation increases the number of coliform bacteria in ceacum and induces bacterial adherence to caecal epithelium in rats
- 1997
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Surgery. - Stockholm, Sweden : Taylor & Francis. - 1102-4151 .- 1741-9271. ; 163:2, s. 135-142
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate the impact of starvation for 24 and 48 h on the number of coliform bacteria in the caecal contents, on the mucosal adherence of coliform bacteria, and on bacterial translocation in rats.Design: Open prospective study.Setting: University departments of surgery and microbiology, Sweden.Material: 46 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats.Interventions: 19 rats served as controls, and were fed until samples were taken. Six animals were starved for 24 h and another 15 for 48 h, with free access to water, and then anaesthetised before blood, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), caecum, and caecal contents were sampled. To verify bacterial translocation in this strain of rats, another six rats underwent controlled haemorrhage for 60 min to reduce the blood pressure to 55 mm Hg mean arterial pressure (MAP). These rats had free access to food and water before haemorrhage but were allowed only water until samples were taken 24 h after haemorrhage.Main Outcomes Measures: Presence and number of coliform bacteria in samples taken from caecal contents, caecal epithelium, MLN, and blood.Results: Starvation for 24 h increased the number of coliform bacteria (colony forming units (CFU)/g) in the caecal contents 25-fold (p < 0.05). Starvation for 48 h further increased the number by a factor of 100. The number of coliform bacteria that adhered to the caecal epithelium increased 3,000 times in rats that had been starved for 48 h (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in translocation (as indicated by cultures from MLN) between rats that had been fed and those that had been starved for 48 h. In 4 of the 6 rats that were bled and then starved for 24 h there were signs of bacterial translocation, which was significantly more than the 1/19 in fed rats (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Starvation increases the number of bacteria in the caecal contents and increases bacterial adherence to the caecal epithelium. These changes may contribute to the previously reported increase in bacterial translocation in starved compared wit fed rats that were subjected to stress. The same changes in the gut were observed in animals subjected to haemorrhagic stress in addition to starvation, and in which bacterial translocation was evident.
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
|
|
| 25. |
|
|
| 26. |
|
|
| 27. |
|
|
