| 1. |
- Andersson, Thomas, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Career in Swedish Retail
- 2016
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- A career in retailing is to a large extent a boundaryless career. A career in retail does not limit the individual to a single organisation, to a single role/position, or to a hierarchical rung on the organisational ladder. Both co-workers and managers move quite easily among organisations within the same retail area, between different retail areas, and in and out of the retail sector.• In the past, the description of retailing as a transitory employment sector has had a negative connotation. Yet this description can also have quite a positive connotation. For example, experience acquired in the retail sector can be very useful in other work sectors. Moreover, people working in retail are generally motivated by job security, a job that is possible to combine to leisure/family, and a job close to home. They are typically much less motivated by traditional career advancement opportunities, the exercise of power over others, and by the desire to make decisions.• People working in retail have a rather limited interest in becoming managers in part because their major work motivators are not the motivators one usually associates with management career paths.• Gender is a relatively weak distinguishing variable in terms of retail careers, but there are some statistically significant – yet small – differences in the work characteristics of men and women in retail. For example, women in retail prioritize work-life balance, the proximity of workplace to home, and outside interests more than men in retail. These priorities have a limiting effect on their opportunities to accept managerial positions and to follow traditional, upward career paths.• There are more women than men working in the retail sector today, but a larger percentage of men in management positions. However, this cannot be explained by differences between the motivations of men and women to become managers or in their attitudes towards their own managerial capabilities. The explanation lies in other, more indirect factors such as the expectations of today’s managers.• Women generally earn less than men in the retail sector. This inequality is especially evident when differences in work responsibilities exist (e.g., specialized areas, subbranches, management tasks).• There is some general scepticism among employees in the retail sector as far as the extent to which their employers are willing to commit to their well-being and development. This finding has important practical implications when employees sense a lack of employer commitment to them.• People outside retail sector generally have a more negative picture of the retail sector than the people within the sector. People in the retail sector are relatively satisfied and think their work is varied and interesting.• The number of women at the lower management levels (at the store-level) is increasing. Because of this trend, which is expected to continue, in the relatively near future there may be as many female managers as male managers at this level. However, at the upper management levels in retail, there are more than ten men for every woman and no indications of change.• Job security is the most important career anchor for retail employees in Sweden. This finding has very important practical implications because job security is typically not associated with employment in the retail sector. It is a factor that can be an important consideration for retailers.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Eek, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of distributive goals on choices of allocation principles in a public-good dilemma
- 2004
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Ingår i: Paper presented at The 10th conference of the international society for justice research (ISJR), Regina, Canada.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extending previous research on the role of fairness in social dilemmas, two experiments investigated allocation preferences in public good dilemmas. In Experiment 1, fairness conceptions were a significant predictor of how participants allocated the public good to their group. Experiment 2 aimed at studying the impact of distributive goals on allocation preferences. Participants were assigned to one of three conditions in which the different goals were induced. As hypothesized, the different goals affected which allocation principle the groups used to allocate the resource. These findings suggest that people in a public good dilemma apply the allocation principle that serves a particular group goal, even though this may interfere with their perceptions of fair allocations
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| 5. |
- Elfstrand Corlin, Tinna, et al.
(författare)
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Staff-based measurement instruments of person-centredness in settings of care for older people : A systematic review
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Journal of Older People Nursing. - : John Wiley and Sons Inc. - 1748-3735 .- 1748-3743. ; 19:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Person-centred care is widely endorsed as a promising approach for delivering high-quality care to older people. However, the multitude of existing definitions and measurement tools, coupled with the continuous emergence of new tools, can create confusion and hinder precision in assessing this concept. This review was undertaken with a recognition of the crucial role that assessment quality plays in evaluations and improvements, particularly within the context of person-centred care for older people.Objectives: This study aimed to systematically review staff-based measures of person-centredness in settings of care for older people. More specifically, the objectives were to provide description, methodological evaluation and synthesis of diverse conceptual understandings of person-centredness encapsulated in these measurement tools. Methods: We systematically searched the Cinahl, PsycInfo, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases for English peer-reviewed journal articles between 2000 and 2021. These articles discussed the creation of staff-based questionnaires designed to assess the extent of person-centred care. We excluded questionnaires meant for clients, patients or families, as well as non-questionnaire scales. The measures were described, and their interpretations of person-centred care were synthesised through a critical interpretive synthesis method. We evaluated methodological quality using a condensed COSMIN risk of bias checklist and adhered to PRISMA guidelines.Results: The review identified a total of 14 staff-based measures. These measures exhibited varying levels of comprehensiveness, encompassing anywhere between 2 and 17 components. Furthermore, the number of items within the measures ranged from 11 to 62, and the sample sizes exhibited significant diversity, spanning from 58 to 1428. In terms of the components scrutinised by the scales regarding person-centred care, our synthesis revealed the emergence of four distinct conceptual categories: care process, supportive care environment, relations and communication, and knowledge and attitudes. As for the methodological quality of the scales, it exhibited a notable degree of variation (i.e. from inadequate to very good).Conclusions: Diverse measures of person-centredness vary in terms of comprehensiveness, aspects covered and methodological quality. Synthesising the concept through staff-based measures offers a novel approach for researchers and practitioners, illuminating nuanced perspectives in person-centred care.Implications for practice: The synthesis enriches academic discussions and practical applications by dissecting components, ultimately enhancing care quality assessment and improvement. Further, this review is a valuable resource for unit managers and quality coordinators working in settings of care for older people, empowering them to make informed decisions tailored to their specific needs from a diverse array of available person-centred care measures.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Kajonius, Petri, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Advancing the Big Five of user-oriented care and accounting for its variations
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance. - : Emerald. - 0952-6862. ; 29:2, s. 162-176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose - Care process quality (i.e. how care is enacted by a care worker toward a client at the interpersonal level) is a strong predictor of satisfaction in a wide range of health care services. The purpose of this paper is to describe the basic elements of care process quality as user-oriented care. Specifically, the questions of how and why quality in user-oriented care varies were investigated in the context of elderly care. Design/methodology/approach - Two municipalities were selected for in-depth field studies. First, in each municipality, the authors interviewed and observed care workers' interactions with the older persons in both home care and nursing homes during two weeks (Study 1). Second, in an attempt to gain a deeper understanding of why process quality in terms of user-oriented care varies, the authors conducted interviews with care workers and care unit managers (Study 2). Findings - A new taxonomy for categorizing process quality variation, the Big Five of user-oriented care (task-focus, person-focus, affect, cooperation, and time-use), is proposed. In addition, the perceived reasons for process quality variation are reported in our own developed Quality Agents Model, suggesting that variations in care process evaluations may be explained from different perspectives at multiple levels (i.e., older person, care worker-, unit-, department-, and municipality level). Originality/value - The proposed taxonomy and model are useful for describing user-oriented care quality and the reasons for its variations. These findings are of relevance for future quality developments of elderly care services, but also may be adapted to applications in any other enterprise employing a user-oriented approach.
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| 8. |
- Kajonius, Petri, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Safeness and Treatment Mitigate the Effect of Loneliness on Satisfaction With Elderly Care
- 2016
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Ingår i: Gerontologist. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0016-9013 .- 1758-5341. ; 56:5, s. 928-936
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Maximizing satisfaction among the older persons is the goal of modern individualized elderly care and how to best achieve this is of relevance for people involved in planning and providing elderly care services. Purpose of the Study: What predicts satisfaction with care among older persons can be conceived as a function of process (how care is performed) and the older person. Inspired by the long-standing person versus situation debate, the present research investigated the interplay between person-and process-related factors in predicting satisfaction with elderly care. Design and Methods: A nationwide sample was analyzed, based on a questionnaire with 95,000 individuals using elderly care services. Results: The results showed that person-related factors (i.e., anxiety, health, and loneliness) were significant predictors of satisfaction with care, although less strongly than process-related factors (i.e., treatment, safeness, and perceived staff and time availability). Among the person-related factors, loneliness was the strongest predictor of satisfaction among older persons in nursing homes. Interestingly, a path analysis revealed that safeness and treatment function as mediators in linking loneliness to satisfaction. Implications: The results based on a large national sample demonstrate that the individual aging condition to a significant degree can be countered by a well-functioning care process, resulting in higher satisfaction with care among older persons.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Kazemi, Ali, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing person-centred care : An item response theory approach.
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Older People Nursing. - : Wiley. - 1748-3735 .- 1748-3743. ; 16:1, s. 1-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Given recent advances in psychometric assessment, there is a need for assessment studies using modern test theory in the field of person-centred care, mainly due to the dominant use of analytical strategies based on classical test theory. The main objective of the present study was thus to examine whether selected items from commonly used instruments of person-centred care were able to differentiate between respondents with a reasonably even level of measurement precision across different regions of the construct range using item response theory (IRT).RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A Swedish sample of care staff in elderly care (N = 1342) completed a survey including a selection of items from three previously validated measures of person-centred care.RESULTS: All questionnaire items were submitted to IRT analyses to examine the extent to which the items produced information on the underlying construct. The items exhibited different levels of information. However, in general, for those items exhibiting some information, the pattern of information across the trait range was similar for most of them, that is, the items discriminated better in the lower levels of person-centredness.DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Item response theory analyses are instrumental in creating shorter measurement instruments that may perform nearly as well as the original longer instruments. Given time and other resource constraints in questionnaire administration, there is a gain in only including the most informative items which efficiently and evenly tap the underlying construct along its entire range and in the context of person-centred care assessment this study was an initial step towards this goal. Thus, a set of ten items with satisfactory levels of psychometric quality, that is relatively high information levels across a relatively broad range of the underlying construct, is proposed.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Kazemi, Ali, 1976
(författare)
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Distributive Preferences in Social Dilemmas
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In research on social dilemmas and in game theoretic research, it was for a long time assumed that the rational decision is to choose an option with the most beneficial economic outcome to oneself. Yet, in group situations, individuals’ decisions have been shown to be influenced by non-economic motives. This dissertation starts from two premises: (i) in contrast to previous research positing maximization of economic benefits to oneself as the ultimate goal, it is argued that non-economic group goals (e.g., group performance, harmony, a sense of responsibility and social concern) favoring the collective interest are also important motives, and (ii) public good dilemmas can be decomposed into provision and allocation of the public good. Public good allocation has been largely neglected in previous research. Thus, the main question posed in this dissertation is whether people’s preferred allocations of a public good are related to the particular goal that the group pursues. In Study I, Experiment 1 revealed that fairness was related to how participants allocated the public good. Equity and equal final outcomes were more preferred than equality in the allocation of the public good. Inducing group goal in Experiment 2 proved to be effective in differentiating between the preferences for equity and equal final outcomes. Specifically, the goal of economic productivity resulted in equitable public good allocations and the goal of harmony resulted in allocations according to equal final outcomes. Equality was also preferred but only when it was conducive to realizing the goal of social concern. Study II tested the prediction that fairness and salience of a group goal would promote unselfish allocations of a public good. In support of this, Experiment 1 revealed no significant effects of self-interest on perceived instrumentality of allocation principles in fulfilling a certain group goal. Instead, instrumentality was related to perceived fairness. In Experiment 2, the group goal of economic productivity increased fairness of equitable public good allocations and the group goals of harmony and social concern increased fairness of equal public good allocations. Self-interest had no effects. In contrast to Studies I and II, Study III used an asymmetric public good dilemma paradigm in which participants had unequal endowments but provided evidence for similar effects of group goal on allocation preferences. Self-interest had no significant effects. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that fairness mediates the effect of group goal on allocation preferences, indicating that perceived fairness explains why people pursuing a certain group goal tend to prefer a specific allocation. In Study IV, Experiment 1 posed the question as to whether group goal also would account for allocation of negative outcomes. A factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure splitting group goal into relationship-oriented and performance-oriented goals. The former correlated with preferences for equal allocations, the latter with equitable allocations. Effects of group goal on allocation preferences were similar for distribution of positive and negative outcomes. Experiment 1 also revealed larger deviations from all distributive principles in allocation of negative outcomes. Further investigation of this result in Experiment 2 showed that as hypothesized allocations of negative outcomes were perceived as more difficult than allocations of positive outcomes, suggesting that in allocating negative outcomes people may experience a lower level of confidence in their allocations.
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| 13. |
- Kazemi, Ali, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of fairness and distributive goal on preferred allocations in public good dilemmas
- 2005
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Two experiments investigated allocation preferences in symmetric public good di-lemmas. In Experiment1 where 20 undergraduates participated in 5-person groups, it was found that fairness conceptions were a significant predictor of how participants allocated the public good to their group. 60 undergraduates partici-pated in Experiment 2 aimed at studying the impact of goals of economic produc-tivity, social concern, and harmony on participants’ allocation preferences. Groups with economic productivity as their goal allocated the resource according to equity, groups with social concern as their goal allocated the resource accord-ing to equal treatment, and groups with harmony as their goal allocated the re-source according to equal final outcomes. These findings suggest that in a public good dilemma people apply the allocation principle that serves a particular goal, independently of their perceptions of fair allocations.
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| 14. |
- Kazemi, Ali, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of fairness, group goal, and self-interest on allocation preferences in step-level public good dilemmas
- 2005
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In two experiments the prediction was tested that salience of fairness and group goal (economic productivity, social concern, or harmony) reduces the influence of self-interest on preferences for different principles (equity, equal treatment, or equal final outcomes) of distributing the outcomes accrued when a sufficient number contributes in a step-level public good dilemma. In Experiment 1, it was found that perceived fairness of allocation principles increased their perceived in-strumentality. Neither allocation instrumentality nor fairness varied with group goal or self-interest. In Experiment 2, the group goal of economic productivity in-creased fairness of allocations according to equity, and the group goal of social concern increased fairness of allocations according to equality and equal final outcomes. Perceived fairness and group goal were both related to allocation pref-erences. Self-interest had no effects on perceived fairness of allocation prefer-ences.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Kazemi, Ali, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of group goal on fairness perception of outcome allocations in step-level public-good dilemma
- 2005
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Ingår i: Paper presented at the 11th international conference on social dilemmas, Krakow, Poland.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Theory and research on social dilemmas usually focus on determinants of coop-eration. In the present study, we investigated perceptions of allocations following the provision of a step-level public good. Fairness was assumed to play a role for these perceptions as well as the goal the group wants to attain, whether economic productivity, social concern, or harmony. It is argued that an allocation principle (e.g., equality) may be fair under one goal condition, a different principle (e.g., equity or need) under another goal condition. The results corroborated our line of reasoning. The group goal of economic productivity increased fairness of alloca-tions according to equity, and the group goal of social concern increased fairness of allocations according to equality and equal final outcomes. Self-interest had no effects on perceived fairness or allocation preferences. The salience of fairness and group goal reduced the influence of self-interest on allocation preferences
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| 18. |
- Kazemi, Ali, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of group goal on perceived fairness and outcome allocations in step-level public-good dilemmas
- 2005
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Theory and research on social dilemmas usually focus on determinants of coop-eration. In the present study, we investigated perceptions of allocations following the provision of a step-level public good. Fairness was assumed to play a role for these perceptions as well as the goal the group wants to attain, whether economic productivity, social concern, or harmony. It is argued that an allocation principle (e.g., equality) may be fair under one goal condition, a different principle (e.g., equity or need) under another goal condition. The results corroborated our line of reasoning. The group goal of economic productivity increased fairness of alloca-tions according to equity, and the group goal of social concern increased fairness of allocations according to equality and equal final outcomes. Self-interest had no effects on perceived fairness or allocation preferences. The salience of fairness and group goal reduced the influence of self-interest on allocation preferences.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Kazemi, Ali, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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En del beslut gäller hela livet : en utvärdering av en cykelhjälmskampanj
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this study was evaluate the effect of a Swedish educational programme encouraging the use of bicycle helmets. Another to important aim was to use a theoretical model to explain which factors contribute to the prediction of cyclists' intention to use a helmet. A non-representative sample consisting of employees working for the same insurance company located at three different locations in Sweden was selected. Two served as an experiment group and the third as a control or comparison group. Measurements were taken before and after the campaign. The educational campaign was held by the Swedish Falck Ambulans. The session lasted for one hour. The emphasis of the campaign was to focus on accidents and injuries to the brain when not wearing a helmet. The participants were also given an opportunity to sign a bicycle helmet contract on receipt of which they received a helmet free of charge. Data were collected using a web-based self-report survey. The results revealed that the proportion of people who used a helmet when biking to work had increased substantially amongst those having taken part in the session. It also showed that after the campaign the intention to use the helmet was greater amongst the experiment group than amongst the control group. The results showed that the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) was effective in the predicting of the intention to wear a helmet. The strongest predictor was perceived behavioural control followed by subjective norm. The weakest TPB predictor was the attitude. The prediction of helmet wearing intention was significantly improved when anticipated regret and past behaviour were added to the model. The results from the Transtheoretical model showed that participants in the experimental group had on average moved one step closer to a change. In sum, it could be concluded that an educational campaign, which also includes elements of endorsement (i.e. to be given a bicycle helmet when signing a contract to use the same), significantly increases the likelihood of using a bicycle helmet.
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| 22. |
- Kazemi, Ali, 1976
(författare)
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Group Goals and Fairness in Public Good Dilemmas
- 2006
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Social groups implicitly or explicitly strive to achieve various goals that pervade most activities within the group. In social dilemma and game theoretic research, it has been posited that the goal is to achieve the highest possible monetary outcome for the individual or the group. Yet, important group goals may also include future enjoyable social relations, a sense of responsibility, and a concern for others. This thesis argues that research on public good dilemmas need to address the issue of what is a preferred distribution of the public good. This is the focus of the reported research whereas previous research has focused on public good provision. It is assumed that preferences for distributing the public good to group members are related to what goals the group is trying to reach. In Study I allocation preferences in step-level symmetric public good dilemmas were investigated. Experiment 1 revealed that fairness conceptions were related to how participants allocated the public good. Experiment 2 examined the impact of the goals of economic productivity, social concern, and harmony on participants allocation preferences. Groups with economic productivity as their goal allocated the resource according to equity, groups with social concern as their goal allocated the resource according to equal treatment, and groups with harmony as their goal allocated the resource according to equal final outcomes. These findings suggest that in a public good dilemma, people apply the allocation principle that serves a particular group goal, independently of their perceptions of fairness. In Study II the prediction was tested that salience of fairness and group goal reduces the influence of self-interest on preferences for allocation principles. In Experiment 1, it was found that perceived fairness of allocation principles increased perceived instrumentality of the principles. Self-interest did however not have any effect. In Experiment 2, economic productivity as the group goal increased allocations according to equity, and the group goal of social concern increased allocations according to equality and equal final outcomes. Self-interest had no effect. Taken together, the results of the empirical studies provide support for that both fairness and group goal influence allocation preferences in public good dilemmas.
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| 23. |
- Kazemi, Ali, 1976-
(författare)
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Group Goals and Fairness in Public Good Dilemmas
- 2005
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Social groups implicitly or explicitly strive to achieve various goals that pervade most activities within the group. In social dilemma and game theoretic research, it has been posited that the goal is to achieve the highest possible monetary outcome for the individual or the group. Yet, important group goals may also include future enjoyable social relations, a sense of responsibility, and a concern for others. This thesis argues that research on public good dilemmas need to address the issue of what is a preferred distribution of the public good. This is the focus of the reported research whereas previous research has focused on public good provision. It is assumed that preferences for distributing the public good to group members are related to what goals the group is trying to reach. In Study I allocation preferences in step-level symmetric public good dilemmas were investigated. Experiment 1 revealed that fairness conceptions were related to how participants allocated the public good. Experiment 2 examined the impact of the goals of economic productivity, social concern, and harmony on participants’ allocation preferences. Groups with economic productivity as their goal allocated the resource according to equity, groups with social concern as their goal allocated the resource according to equal treatment, and groups with harmony as their goal allocated the resource according to equal final outcomes. These findings suggest that in a public good dilemma, people apply the allocation principle that serves a particular group goal, independently of their perceptions of fairness. In Study II the prediction was tested that salience of fairness and group goal reduces the influence of self-interest on preferences for allocation principles. In Experiment 1, it was found that perceived fairness of allocation principles increased perceived instrumentality of the principles. Self-interest did however not have any effect. In Experiment 2, economic productivity as the group goal increased allocations according to equity, and the group goal of social concern increased allocations according to equality and equal final outcomes. Self-interest had no effect. Taken together, the results of the empirical studies provide support for that both fairness and group goal influence allocation preferences in public good dilemmas.
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| 24. |
- Kazemi, Ali, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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How You Appraise Your Relationship With Your Colleagues Matters, but Not as Much as How You Appraise Your Relationship With Your Manager : Predicting Employee Job Satisfaction and Commitment
- 2024
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Ingår i: Psychology of Leaders and Leadership. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 2769-6863 .- 2769-6898.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Leader-member exchange (LMX) is the foremost relational approach to leadership. Building upon the LMX theory, this study aimed to examine the associations between three types of relationship appraisals in the workplace: leader-member (leader LMX), member-leader (member LMX), and member-member relationships (collegial climate), and their impact on employee work attitudes (i.e., employee job satisfaction and commitment). Questionnaire data were obtained from a sample of retail managers (n = 113) and retail workers (n = 555) in the Swedish retail sector. Mediation analyses confirmed the novel hypotheses that member LMX and collegial climate fully mediate the association between leader LMX and employee job satisfaction. However, in predicting employee commitment, the only significant mediator was member LMX. This study not only contributes to the existing LMX theory and research but also adds to the expanding body of knowledge in the field of positive organizational scholarship exploring the significance of positive workplace relationships in shaping employee attitudes.
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| 25. |
- Kazemi, Ali, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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How you appraise your relationship with your colleagues matters, but not as much as how you appraise your relationship with your manager : Predicting employee job satisfaction and commitment.
- 2024
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Ingår i: Psychology of Leaders and Leadership. - : Educational Publishing Foundation. - 2769-6863 .- 2769-6898.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Leader–member exchange (LMX) is the foremost relational approach to leadership. Building upon the LMX theory, this study aimed to examine the associations between three types of relationship appraisals in the workplace: leader–member (leader LMX), member–leader (member LMX), and member–member relationships (collegial climate), and their impact on employee work attitudes (i.e., employee job satisfaction and commitment). Questionnaire data were obtained from a sample of retail managers (n = 113) and retail workers (n = 555) in the Swedish retail sector. Mediation analyses confirmed the novel hypotheses that member LMX and collegial climate fully mediate the association between leader LMX and employee job satisfaction. However, in predicting employee commitment, the only significant mediator was member LMX. This study not only contributes to the existing LMX theory and research but also adds to the expanding body of knowledge in the field of positive organizational scholarship exploring the significance of positive workplace relationships in shaping employee attitudes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
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| 26. |
- Kazemi, Ali, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Linking supportive leadership to satisfaction with care : proposing and testing a service-profit chain inspired model in the context of elderly care
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Health Organization & Management. - : NLM (Medline). - 1477-7266 .- 1758-7247. ; 35:4, s. 492-510
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: As marketization has gained ground in elderly care, satisfaction with care has come to play a crucial role in designing for high-quality care. Inspired by the service-profit chain (SPC) model, the authors aimed to gain a deeper understanding of the intricate interplay between supportive leadership practices, organizational climate, job satisfaction and service quality by predicting satisfaction with care. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: A Swedish sample of frontline elderly care staff (n = 1,342) participated in a cross-sectional questionnaire study. Mediation analyses were conducted to test the proposed model. FINDINGS: As predicted, engaging in supportive leadership practices was directly and positively associated with satisfaction with care. In addition, as predicted, this relationship was partially mediated by organizational climate and job satisfaction. Moreover, job satisfaction predicted satisfaction with care with service quality explaining a statistically significant part of this relationship. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Managers in elderly care services may improve satisfaction with care in multiple ways but primarily by showing that they care about the staff and ensuring that they are satisfied with their working conditions. Employee job satisfaction seems to be particularly crucial for satisfaction with care, beyond what can be accounted for by care service quality. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The authors proposed a novel service-outcome model. Adding to the original SPC model, the model in this study suggested and validated previously unexplored relationships including a direct path between leadership practices and satisfaction with service and a multiple-mediator model explaining this relationship. Also, new measures of organizational climate and supportive leadership were developed for which satisfactory reliability estimates were obtained.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Kazemi, Ali, 1976-
(författare)
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Psykologiska perspektiv på organisatorisk rättvisa
- 2023
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Ingår i: Abstracts för Decemberkonferensen. - Trollhättan : Högskolan Väst. ; , s. 1-1
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Föreläsningen kommer att ta upp vad som karaktäriserar psykologiska studier av rättvisa i en organisatorisk kontext. Organisatorisk rättvisa beskrivs utifrån fyra huvudsakliga typer av rättvisa, nämligen distributiv rättvisa, procedural rättvisa, interpersonell rättvisa och informationsrättvisa. Förutom att kort nämna några viktiga modeller, teorier och empiriska forskningsfynd kommer jag att göra en del nedslag i egen rättviseforskning som bland annat handlar om rättvist ledarskap, fördelning av sociala resurser och konflikter som kan uppstå i samband med tillämpningen av olika rättvisenormer.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Kazemi, Ali, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Rättvisa i fördelning av sociala resurser: En socialpsykologisk forskningsöversikt
- 2009
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Ingår i: Socialvetenskaplig tidskrift. - 1104-1420. ; 16:2, s. 143-161
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rättvisefrågor har diskuterats sedan Platon och Sokrates. Men till skillnad från områdets normativa framtoning i filosofiska kretsar, är socialpsykologerna intresserade av att studera människors subjektiva upplevelser av (o)rättvisa. Fokus ligger därför på förståelse och kartläggning av orsaker till och effekter av upplevd (o)rättvisa i olika sammanhang. I denna artikel ges en forskningsöversikt över området. Artikeln avslutas med en kort diskussion om vad den socialpsykologiska rättviseforskningen kan tillföra i fråga om förståelse av social problematik
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Kazemi, Ali, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Standing on Giants’ Shoulders : Posing Questions for Impactful Contributions and Minding “Scientific Littering”
- 2023
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Ingår i: Social Justice Research. - 0885-7466 .- 1573-6725. ; 36:3, s. 263-276
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this special issue titled “Veteran Refections,” renowned social justice scholars assess the current state of justice research and provide valuable guidance to the younger generation of researchers. Their responses unveil a rich tapestry of diverse perspectives, with a recurring theme emphasizing the urgent need to apply scientifc knowledge to real-world contexts and expand theoretical frameworks to address evolving societal challenges. These collective refections hold immense value for justice scholars, ofering indispensable guidance on making impactful contributions to the feld. They emphasize the importance of embracing interdisciplinary approaches, engaging wider audiences, and fostering an authentic curiosity in research. As the feld of social justice research evolves, these profound insights will undoubtedly play a pivotal role in shaping its trajectory and advancing the wellbeing of individuals and communities. Inspired by the veteran responses, we, as Editors-in-Chief of SJR, share our refections on the vital aspect of scientifc work—contribution. We introduce the concept of “scientifc littering,” enumerating ten categories of non-contribution. Highlighting the pivotal role of research questions, we challenge the notion of novelty as the sole component of contribution. Ultimately, we assert that understanding and acknowledging contribution as the foundation of scientifc progress, while honoring the legacy of giants in our feld, foster impactful research and pave the way for groundbreaking discoveries in social justice research.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Kazemi, Ali, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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The interplay between greed, fairness, and group goal in allocation preferences for public goods
- 2006
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Effects of group goal on allocation decisions have previously been studied in symmetric public good dilemmas. With the aim of generalizing the results to asymmetric public good dilemmas where differences in individual needs are more salient, seventy-two undergraduates participating in a one-shot public good dilemma were asked to distribute the good in order to achieve different group goals. As expected, when the group goal was economic productivity, allocations corresponded more to equity, when the group goal was harmony, allocations corresponded more to equality, and when the group goal was social concern, allocations corresponded more to need. The results support the assumption that salience of group goal minimizes the effects of greed on allocations, and that perceived fairness explains why people pursuing a certain group goal tend to prefer a specific allocation strategy in distributing public goods.
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| 38. |
- Kazemi, Ali, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding client satisfaction in elderly care : new insights from social resource theory
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Journal of Ageing. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1613-9372 .- 1613-9380. ; 18, s. 417-425
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social resource theory suggests that social interaction can be conceived as resource transaction or exchange with behaviours falling within six fundamental resource categories (i.e. love, status, information, money, goods, and services) organised along two underlying dimensions: particularism–universalism and concreteness–abstractness. With the purpose of extending knowledge about quality of care, this study adopts a novel approach in that it describes and categorises care behaviours using social resource theory instead of using single instances of care behaviour. The categorisation is further used to predict client satisfaction in care services targeting older people. Daily interactions between care staff and older persons were observed in two different residential care facilities using a structured non-participant observation design. The data were analysed using principal component analysis, correlation, and regression analysis. The results confirmed the hypothesis that satisfaction with care services is predicted by resource transactions that are high on the underlying dimensions of particularism and abstractness. Thus, the resource categories of love and status (resource categories high on particularism and abstractness) were shown to be strong predictors of client satisfaction. The use of social resource theory is a novel and appropriate approach to examine person-centred care and satisfaction with care. Also, in addition to addressing potential problems in previous self-report studies on care staff behaviour, the observational technique was highly practical to this service area where dealing with clients not always able to provide feedback directly.
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| 39. |
- Kazemi, Ali, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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What has employee loyalty to do with “love” to clients? : Testing approaches to work as mediators
- 2022
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Ingår i: Employee relations. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0142-5455 .- 1758-7069. ; 44:7, s. 149-161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Drawing on the organizational psychology literature and social resource theory, this research aimed to investigate how attitude toward the employer (i.e. loyalty) and attitude toward the client (i.e. approach to work: professional, market-oriented and person-centered) relate to the perceived importance of socio-emotional resources in providing care to older people.Design/methodology/approachSwedish frontline care staff members participated in an electronic survey using a cross-sectional design. Mediation analyses were conducted to examine proposed direct and indirect effects of loyalty on the perceived importance of socio-emotional resources in care through three different approaches to work in care settings.FindingsIn general, the results confirmed the hypotheses. Thus, the analyses showed a positive association between employee loyalty and the perceived value of socio-emotional resources in care, which was partially mediated by the person-centered and professional approaches to work. Moreover, the analyses showed that the person-centered approach was more strongly related to the perceived value of socio-emotional resources in care than the other two approaches, lending support to the superiority of the person-centered approach in this context.Originality/value The study highlights that there exist multiple approaches to work in care settings. Also, the insights about how loyalty toward the employer relates to approach to work in care settings and the perceived value of socio-emotional resources in care are novel and of crucial importance to practitioners and the outcomes of care.
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| 40. |
- Nilsson, Håkan, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Den nya ljusa ledaren : 22 september 2023
- 2023
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Ingår i: Modern Psykologi. - 2000-4087. ; , s. 1-1
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Har den psykopatiska chefen spelat ut sin roll? Svenska psykologiforskare presenterar en ledarteori som bygger på etik, omtanke och medlidande i stället för narcissism och machiavellism.
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| 41. |
- Nilsson, Håkan, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Mindful' human resource management : combining Buddhist principles of enlightenment with diversity management
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Management Concepts and Philosophy. - : Inderscience. - 1478-1484 .- 1741-8135. ; 14:2, s. 114-134
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over the last two decades, numerous organisational scholars have emphasised the importance of enhancing ethics and workplace diversity within organisations. The aim of the present article is to present a workplace diversity perspective on human resource management by advancing the notion of mindful human resource management that builds upon Buddhism's notions of wisdom, ethical conduct, and concentration, thus facilitating a steady form of attention and a non-judgmental state of mind. We propose that combining the three characteristics of the Buddhist path can help human resource managers to be more ethically minded, diversity conscious, compassionate, and caring in their decisions and actions.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Nilsson, Håkan, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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The bright triad of mindful leadership : an alternative to the Dark Triad of leadership.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Psychology of Leaders and Leadership. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 2769-6863 .- 2769-6898.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, we draw on Buddhist psychology to consider the three attributesof high-quality social connections in the context of work, which are ethicalmindedness, loving kindness, and compassion, referred to here as the brighttriad of mindful leadership (BTML). These components constitute the positivecounterparts of the dark triad components of mindless leadership (i.e.,Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy). The research on the dark triadof leadership appears to “glorify” these qualities, through suggesting thathigh-scoring leaders are more successful in achieving business goals. Weargue that this represents a too limited perspective and is one which poorlyresonates with the increased focus on sustainable work and work conditionsmarked by well-being, fairness, security, and trust. BTML, however, taps intothe call of the positive organizational scholarship field to focus on positive andvirtuous practices, and to foster high-quality relationships and positive outcomes in the workplace. We, in conceptualizing BTML, furthermore use theconcepts of cultivation, attention, and awareness to facilitate the leader’spresence in the moment, and we argue that these cumulatively are necessaryconditions for the triad of ethical mindedness, loving kindness, and compassionto permeate all activities that leaders engage in.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Roos, John Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Personality traits and Internet usage across generation cohorts : Insights from a nationally representative study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Current Psychology. - : Springer. - 1046-1310 .- 1936-4733. ; 40:3, s. 1287-1297
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies examining the relationship between personality and Internet usage have usually used small and non-representative samples. In the present study, we examine the relationship between the Five Factor Model of Personality and Internet usage in a large nationally representative Swedish sample (N = 1694). Neuroticism was negatively associated with overall Internet usage, whereas extraversion and openness to experience were shown to be positively associated with overall Internet usage. However, exploring these associations across categories of Internet usage and generation cohorts revealed some other interesting patterns. Specifically, neuroticism was negatively associated with using the Internet for activities relating to information and duties but not for leisure and social activities. Extraversion was positively associated with using the Internet for leisure and social activities among DotNets (born 1977–1999), whereas among Dutifuls (born 1910–1945) and Baby Boomers (born 1946–1964) extraversion was positively associated with using the Internet for information and duty activities. Openness to experience was positively associated with Internet usage but only among Baby Boomers. Conscientiousness was a significant predictor of Internet usage only for DotNets and GenXers (born 1965–1976). In these cohorts, conscientiousness was positively associated with using the Internet for information and duty activities but negatively associated with using the Internet for leisure and social activities. Apparently, understanding the relationship between personality and Internet usage is not possible without considering the modifying role of categories of Internet usage and generation cohorts. The implications of the results for theory and practice are discussed in detail.
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| 46. |
- Roos, John Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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The five factor model of personality as predictor of online shopping : Analyzing data from a large representative sample of Swedish internet users
- 2022
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Ingår i: Cogent Psychology. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 2331-1908. ; 9:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using a large representative sample of the Swedish population, the present study aimed to explore the relationship between the Five Factor Model (FFM) of personality and frequency of online shopping. On three different occasions, surveys were sent out to 9,000 Swedish residents using a systematic random sampling procedure. In total, 5,238 individuals responded to the survey which, inter alia, included measures of the FFM of personality (i.e., HP5i, 15 items) and online shopping. A confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the construct validity of the HP5i. To examine whether and to what extent the FFM predicted self-reported frequency of online shopping, a hierarchical regression analysis was conducted in which gender and age were used as control variables. Our findings indicated that online shopping was positively associated with Openness to experience (i.e., openness to feelings) and Extraversion (i.e., hedonic capacity), and negatively associated with Conscientiousness (i.e., a high degree of impulsiveness). These results suggest that online shoppers are affective, hedonic, and impulsive; that is, characteristics that contrast with the classical view of online shoppers as cognitive, utilitarian, and goal-directed. We argue that these results, alongside the use of a large representative sample and frequency of online purchase, are a needed addition to previous research as previous research studies mainly have focused on the intention or motivation to online shopping using smaller non-representative samples. Implications for online retailers and society as well as directions for future research are discussed.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
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