| 1. |
- Sunesson, Sune, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction
- 1995
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Ingår i: Remaking the welfare state. - 1 85972 051 X ; , s. 1-13
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Barbanente, Angela, et al.
(författare)
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Visioning the regional future : Globalization and regional transformation of Rabat/Casablanca
- 2007
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Ingår i: Technological forecasting & social change. - : Elsevier BV. - 0040-1625 .- 1873-5509. ; 74:6, s. 763-778
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mainstream literature on globalization and regional transformation emphasizes two major perspectives. The first perspective combines global city theory with macro theories of transformations with a normative bias often leading to deterministic conceptualisations of globalization links to regional transformation. The other perspective emphasizes economy as the most important if not the only pushing factor for regional transformations with little attention to all transformations involving soft and informal structures The latter may be vital for such transformation. This paper takes a completely new approach namely to analyse local stakeholders' visions of regional transformation of the Rabat/Casablanca region in face the challenges that globalization poses.
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| 4. |
- Bro, Anders, 1964-
(författare)
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Från hälsovård till miljöskydd : en historisk institutionell analys av kommunal ansvarsutveckling
- 2000
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Modern central-local relations are in general characterised by decentralisation in nearly all policy fields, with growing demands for local adjustment and direct democracy. At the same time, the political parties are criticised of trying to implement environmental politics in the municipalities, which are strongly characterised by national goals and strategies. The aim of this study is to describe and analyse changes in the responsibility distribution between the state and the municipalities in a historical perspective with a focus on two environmentally oriented policy areas - health protection and environmental protection , and seek to understand and explain why these changes occur. The fundamental explanatory approach of the thesis is historical institutionalism, a combined actor-structure approach which presumes that institutions and ideas are expected to institutionalise certain central-local relations over time. The study is based upon the assumption that changes in municipal responsibility are presumed to happen slowly, but at certain formative moments, actors carry through fundamental changes. The study shows that health protection, from the end of the 19th century, has had a tradition of local responsibility. When environmental politics appeared on the political agenda during the 1960ies the political debate resulted in a centralised organisation, which however changed and the municipalities were gradually given a more active and important role. It is shown that general state and municipal ideas, as well as policy specific ideas and the already established responsibility distribution between the state and the municipalities have institutionalised the municipal responsibility development in certain ways. The formative moments do not crystallise automatically, but depend on what approach we adopt, and what we characterise as fundamental and incrementalistic changes.
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| 5. |
- De Lucia, Caterina, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction
- 2022. - 1
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Ingår i: Economics and engineering of unpredictable events. - London : Routledge. - 9781003123385 - 9780367641900 ; , s. 1-3
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Socio-economic activities and natural ecosystem variations affect the relationship between humans and the environment through direct and indirect mechanisms (Nguyen and Liou, 2019). Modelling, quantifying, and understanding these relationships are needed for sustaining socio-economic and environmental protection and the restoration of regions, territories, and environments.
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| 6. |
- Dovlén, Sylvia, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating Integration of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency Policy in Swedish Structure Plans : The Performance Approach
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management. - : World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte Ltd. - 1464-3332 .- 1757-5605. ; 19:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Integration of national climate change and energy efficiency goals into conventional local structure planning requires a shift in focus from conventional concerns about urban growth to local sustainable development in which climate change and energy efficiency are key components. Local government responses in integrating these goals show structural limitations, despite widespread awareness of the need to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and to adapt more climate-smart and energy-efficient policies. This paper assesses the integration of national climate change and energy efficiency goals in Swedish local structure plans and presents an in-depth study of one plan, that of Värmdö municipality in Sweden. The evaluation comprised plan content analysis using a few selected criteria for three concepts, namely, 'visions', 'comprehensive strategies' and 'measures', and use of the Dutch performance approach to examine implementation aspects of climate change and energy efficiency strategies in the plans.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
-
Economics and engineering of unpredictable events : modelling, planning and policies
- 2022. - 1
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent decades, the intensification of unpredictable events including the COVID- 19 outbreak, Brexit, trade warfare, religion- inspired terrorism and civil wars, and climate change has resulted in serious loss of human lives and property, a decrease in biodiversity and natural hazards (with long- term negative impacts on environment), and impeded social and economic development.Economics and Engineering of Unpredictable Events: Modelling, Planning and Policies provides an integrated view of the management of unpredictable events incorporating three major perspectives: economic management, environmental planning, and engineering models. Contributors from economics, planning, regional science, and engineering address key questions including: How resilient are human societies and their habitats? What should societies do to shift from being vulnerable to being more resilient? And what role should planning and policies play to protect communities and the natural environment? The chapters cover academic debates, conceptual reflections, case studies, methods, and strategy development with particular reference to mitigation and adaptation in face of unpredictable events.This book is of particular interest to readers of economic policy, urban and regional planning and engineering.
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| 9. |
- Grassini, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating strategic metropolitan planning in Bari and Taranto
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Planning Studies. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0965-4313 .- 1469-5944. ; 26:8, s. 1682-1700
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Following the Italian Government's decision to fund strategic planning in order to promote a sustainable and competitive development in city-regions in southern Italy, the regional governments were asked to steer proactively strategic planning initiatives within their respective territory. In the cases of Bari and Taranto, it was the first time that 31 municipalities constituting Metropolitan Bari and 28 municipalities constituting sub-region Taranto attempted to think collectively in order to prepare the strategic plan. This paper evaluates strategic planning in Bari and Taranto sub-regions and discusses lessons learnt for future efforts in strategic planning. We examine why were the strategic plans made and how was the planning process organized and what, if any, impact these attempts had on development strategies and governance models at the urban-regional level.
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| 10. |
- Grassini, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Performance and communicative evaluation of strategic metropolitan planning in Bari and Taranto
- 2022. - 1
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Ingår i: Economics and engineering of unpredictable events. - London : Routledge. - 9781003123385 - 9780367641900 ; , s. 216-238
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this chapter we evaluate strategic planning considering its tangible and intangible effects. Our purpose is to offer a framework to examine why were the strategic plans made and what was – if any – their transformative impact on development strategies and governance models at the urban-regional level. In particular, we focus on two strategic plans that were respectively carried out in Bari and Taranto sub-regions following the Italian Government’s decision to fund strategic planning in order to promote a sustainable and competitive development in city-regions in Southern Italy. The strategic planning initiative in the Bari sub-region involved 31 municipalities out of 41 of the Bari Province; in the case of Taranto 28 municipalities of the Taranto Province voluntarily adhered to the strategic planning process. In both cases the strategic planning process attempted to think collectively in order to prepare the strategic plan. Our evaluation shows how dilemmatic it is to balance between tangible and intangible impacts in a strategic planning process in urban regions in Southern Italy with its history of political patronage, vested interests, and other institutional shortcomings. To conclude, our chapter discusses some lessons that could be learnt for future efforts in strategic planning.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Johansson, Marcus
(författare)
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Exkludering av invandrare i stadspolitiken : makt och maktlöshet i Örebro 1980-2000
- 2002
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this study is to analyse power structures and processes of exclusion between Swedes and immigrants in Örebro. The study applies a monopolistic approach to show that Swedes exclude immigrants to maintain a dominant power position. Exclusion is understood as a process resulting from asymmetric power relations. Digeser’s fourth face of foucauldian discursive power, Lukes’ third face of system power, Bachrach and Baratz’ second face of non decision-making, and Dahl’s first face of decision-making, are employed to elaborate four types of exclusion: the construction of discursive roles, the control of thoughts, the raising of barriers, and the control over decision-making. Three perspectives of policy analysis are applied to scrutinize the policy fields of labour market, housing and culture. 1) Structure analysis focuses on ethnic representation and participation. 2) Policy formulation analysis examines the content of formal policy documents and policy processes of key policy issues. 3) Discourse analysis deconstructs norms and the roles that are produced. The perspectives open up different insights when analysing power. Structure analysis focuses on potential power aspects, policy formulation analysis on relations in decision-making and agenda setting, and discourse analysis on power over thoughts and in the construction of political roles. The findings of this study indicate that immigrants are excluded by receiving different policy roles, e.g. ‘the unemployed’, ‘the segregated’, and ‘the culturally deviants’ (4th face). Immigrants’ unemployment is due to deficient knowledge in Swedish and their presence is ignored in issues related to city growth. Housing segregation is either portrayed as a class-dependent issue or as a process that pull immigrants to their own compatriots. The Swedish culture is hegemonic and other ethnic cultures are regarded as subordinate (3rd face). Exclusion occurs when Swedes raise barriers, though anticipation, mobilisation of Swedish bias and cooptation hinder or transform immigrant-related initiatives (2nd face). Finally, insufficient ethnic representation, lack of political support, and centralisation of the policy fields to the core of the urban political elite create patterns of powerlessness (1st face). The study shows that the opportunities for immigrants to participate in and influence urban politics dominated by Swedes are few and that immigrants continuously become excluded from the Swedish urban life.
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| 14. |
- Khakee, Abdul
(författare)
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An infatuation with a model
- 2013
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Ingår i: Economist. - 0013-0613. ; 406:8829
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 15. |
- Khakee, Abdul
(författare)
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An unbalanced model for sustainable urban development
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Urban Sustainable Development. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1946-3138 .- 1946-3146. ; 6:1, s. 52-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The issue of geographical scale in implementing sustainable urban development has not received much attention in sustainability research. Is it possible to locate sustainability efforts to one part of the city and by creating a spatial imbalance expect that these efforts gradually spread to the rest of the city? For this purpose this paper proposes a model of unbalanced sustainable development. The model is based on an old theory in development economics, namely unbalanced growth. The author contends that such a model should be suitable for many cities where the opportunities for more comprehensive city-wide sustainable development strategies are limited.
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| 16. |
- Khakee, Abdul
(författare)
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Assessing institutional capital building in local agenda 21 process in Göteborg
- 2002
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Ingår i: Planning Theory & Practice. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1464-9357 .- 1470-000X. ; 3:1, s. 53-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Local Agenda 21 is a part of a more comprehensive effort to bring about sustainable development. The latter requires far reaching changes in the attitudes of individuals towards current consumption and production practices that pose a threat to the world environment.The preparation of a Local Agenda 21 has required local authorities to carry out a dialogue with citizens, local organizations and private enterprises. Public dialogue is a crucial element of communicative planning, which results not only in tangible proposals for action but also engenders institutional capital.The aim of this article is to evaluate how local development authorities succeeded in building institutional capital during their programme for sustainable development. It does so in the context of the formulation of a Local Agenda 21 by the city authorities in GoÈ teborg, Sweden.
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| 17. |
- Khakee, Abdul, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing present space with the help of future scenarios
- 2016
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Ingår i: Place-Based Evaluation for Integrated Land-Use Management. - : Taylor and Francis. - 9781317080534 - 9781472445483 ; , s. 165-177
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter evaluates that how well the Swedish municipal plans and planning respond to national legislation with regard to the European Union’s (EU’s) Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) directive and climate change and energy efficiency and to what extent SEA directive and climate change and energy efficiency goals are integrated in the Swedish municipal comprehensive planning. The chapter presents two case studies, in the first case study it examines plans to find out if they have fulfilled the SEA directives issued by the EU. In the second study it reviews plans in order to assess the actual impact of integrating national climate change and energy efficiency goals to municipal comprehensive plans. Integration of environmental objectives in planning poses several challenges because environmental issues, as opposed to other policy fields, are not bound by geographical, administrative or teleological boundaries. The Environmental issues are multi-level, multifaceted, controversial and complex and environmental policy evaluation provokes controversies.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Khakee, Abdul, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation for accountability : Democratic concern in the review of local government’s environmental policies in sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: New Principles in Planning Evaluation. - : Taylor and Francis. - 9781315248004 ; , s. 309-323
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In planning evaluation the issue of accountability has not received much direct attention. Accountability has nearly always been related to public auditing of the budget and review of goal achievement and administrative efficiency in specific policy areas. The major democratic element in public auditing and public review is accountability - public officials are made accountable as to how they have managed a budget or a specific public activity.
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| 22. |
- Khakee, Abdul
(författare)
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Evaluation for Participation and Sustainability in Planning
- 2012. - 1
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Planning evaluation is required to establish the success of planning interventions both of physical developments and new approaches. Yet this should not be a task undertaken purely by professionals without participation by those affected by the process and outcomes of the projects. This book provides case studies and advice on how to balance conservation with economic growth, the cost effectiveness of plans alongside the effects upon the community and the importance of engaging with all stakeholders involved in a project. Practical aspects of the evaluation process covered include: how evaluation is used in planning introducing new kinds of information or criteria alternative ways of collecting/presenting information how strategic planning objectives are implemented in local practice. International contributors provide empirical studies and cases of application which are of practical value to those involved in the evaluation of planning. The book concludes by offering a new paradigm a locally oriented, context-specific, participatory and multi-disciplinary approach to planning evaluation.
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| 23. |
- Khakee, Abdul
(författare)
-
Introduction
- 2012
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Ingår i: Evaluation for Participation and Sustainability in Planning. - : Taylor and Francis. ; , s. 9-13
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 24. |
- Khakee, Abdul, 1938-, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction: New principles in planning evaluation
- 2008
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Ingår i: New principles in planning evaluation. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 9780754675075 - 9781315248004 ; , s. 1-16
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Planning evaluation has been an established field of research for a considerable number of years. Its development had been closely associated with changes in planning theory and practice as well as in policy analysis and programme evaluation. Planning evaluation most obviously refers to the making of normative judgements about the success (or otherwise) of the intervention outcomes of planning or assessing the success of the process of planning. As such, planning evaluation acquires knowledge from a vast number of disciplinary sources. It is difficult to track down all the changes that have taken place in the field of planning evaluation during these years. Very roughly, however, we can discern the development of planning evaluation research along three lines: The fundamentals and purpose of planning evaluation, the scope of planning evaluation, and the methodological innovations and improvements.
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| 25. |
- Khakee, Abdul, et al.
(författare)
-
New principles in planning evaluation
- 2016
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This book provides recently developed and tested methods for assessing the strengths and weaknesses of planning and policy options. Several contributions focus on new substantive areas of concern in planning evaluation, including environmental justice and sustainable urban development. Applications of evaluation in several planning contexts are demonstrated, and special problems that these pose are assessed. Several chapters address how to communicate the process and results to several stakeholder groups, and how to engage these groups in the evaluation process. Each chapter employs a real-world case in practice, thus dealing with the complexity of applying planning evaluation, and providing practical advice useful in similar situations.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Khakee, Abdul, 1938-
(författare)
-
Planning dilemmas : an introduction
- 2022. - 1
-
Ingår i: Economics and engineering of unpredictable events. - London : Routledge. - 9781003123385 - 9780367641900 ; , s. 123-126
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spatial planning implies the application of knowledge to actions that are inter-temporarily and spatially related to one another. Planning takes place in a broader social context with local, national, and global correlations. Actions are assumed to be implemented in near or distant future that is wrought with uncertainties. Actions that determine the use of space require extraordinary considerations since built environments affect the lives of people for many generations. Bearing in mind spatial, inter-temporal and social circumstances and the uncertainties that are inherent in these implies that planning always involves dilemmas.
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| 28. |
- Khakee, Abdul, 1938-
(författare)
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Planning Dilemmas
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Planning Theory & Practice. - : Routledge. - 1464-9357 .- 1470-000X. ; 21:1, s. 175-181
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 29. |
- Khakee, Abdul, 1938-, et al.
(författare)
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Prispolitik för kultursektorn?
- 1997
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Ingår i: Kulturrådet. Statens Kulturråd informerar. - Stockholm : Statens Kulturråd. - 0283-1899. ; :1-2, s. 39-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Khakee, Abdul
(författare)
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The emerging gap between evaluation research and practice
- 2003
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Ingår i: Evaluation. - : Sage Publications. - 1356-3890 .- 1461-7153. ; 9:3, s. 340-352
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While evaluation practice is still disposed towards rational quantitative methods, evaluation research has increasingly utilized qualitative dialogical methods. In this article, the increasing gap between practice and research is examined by analysing how evaluation research has evolved from within three perspectives: a policy programme perspective, a welfare economics perspective and a planning theory perspective. The article also discusses the implications of the emerging gap between evaluation research and practice.
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| 32. |
- Khakee, Abdul
(författare)
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Transfrmation of some aspects of the local mode of regulation in sweden
- 2005
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Ingår i: Planning Theory. - : SAGE Publications. - 1473-0952 .- 1741-3052. ; 4:1, s. 67-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article analyses one dimension of the local mode of regulation in Sweden, namely national laws and institutions steering local urban planning and housing. Regulation theoretic analyses have traditionally focused on 'extralocal' political and economic factors. This article attempts to explain the concrete construction of regulatory mechanism at the local level as a part of a broader regulation process. It suggests that there is a strong connection between economic shifts and shifts in urban policy in Sweden. It rejects, however, the idea of the state serving capital accumulation à la carte.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Khakee, Abdul, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding multiple aspects of present space with the help of future scenarios : the case of Izmir, Turkey
- 2015
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Ingår i: Foresight. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1463-6689 .- 1465-9832. ; 17:6, s. 588-598
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – This paper aims to make use of participatory scenarios to assess the multiple aspects of space with the help of future scenarios. Design/methodology/approach – This paper makes an attempt to appreciate multiple representations of space where past and present experiences merge with future desires and concerns. With the help of one case study, Izmir (Turkey), where a vision of democratic city is developed, the paper shows how future scenarios can provide deeper and richer appreciation of present space, thereby challenging existing spatial practices. Findings – The participatory approach used in the development of scenarios suggests interesting implications to operationalise a more relational concept of space in real planning strategies. Research limitations/implications – The use of scenarios in strategic planning to identify future possibilities and to make stakeholders aware of uncertainties has been increasingly recognised in planning research and practice. Practical implications – The appreciation of the multiple aspects of space with the help of future scenarios would enrich the spatial planning practice. Social implications – The use of participatory approach to preparing scenarios enables participants to make use of interactive method in social and political discourses. Originality/value – The use of scenarios to examine various aspects of space that may be relevant in spatial planning has not received similar attention. The latter poses methodological as well as practical challenges for researchers. This paper is an attempt to do just that.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Monno, V., et al.
(författare)
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Tokenism or Political Activism? : Some Reflections on Participatory Planning
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Planning Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1356-3475 .- 1469-9265. ; 17:1, s. 85-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the communicative turn in planning theory and the emergence of governance, public participation has become a central issue with respect to inclusionary discourse and the institutionalization of more democratic planning practices. A multitude of participatory planning practices have been implemented with reference to different theoretical perspectives and technical approaches ranging from the traditional to the radical model. Although the current debate about these different participatory activities has brought to the fore an increasing gap between rhetoric and the reality of various models, there are few attempts to compare them in practice. A comparison of participatory activities according to traditional/tokenist and radical models, respectively, should be of interest in the current debate on the crisis of participatory planning and barriers to the institutionalization of participatory planning. This paper discusses tokenist participation in the development planning of Hammarby Sjöstad in Stockholm, Sweden and political activism in a deprived community, Enziteto in Bari, Italy. These two different examples of planner-'community' interaction show the necessity to understand power politics that underlie the ideal of public participation in planning.
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| 37. |
- Pincus, Ingrid
(författare)
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The politics of gender equality policy : a study of implementation and non-implementation in three Swedish municipalities
- 2002
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The question raised in this thesis is why the implementation of the Swedish government’s gender equality policy for the most part comes to a halt when it is to be implemented in local organizations. Its aim, more concretely, is to investigate and analyze the role of men in political and administrative leadership positions when this policy is to be institutionalized in the operations of these organizations. This study approaches the implementation of government policy as a political process and the framework applied to investigate this process is a modified form of Peter Bachrach and Morton Baratz’ nondecision-making model. This framework, which uses an approach to power labeled by Steven Lukes as the second face of power, is adjusted and retailored to disclose power relations and conflicts in the implementation process. It is used to document and analyze how men in political and administrative leadership positions intentionally or unintentionally engage in what is referred to as the non-implementation of gender equality policy. The findings of this study, based on an investigation of three local authorities during roughly a fifteen-year period, document and illustrate the different methods/barriers used by men in leadership to prevent, inhibit and obstruct the institutiona-lization of gender equality policy in the operations of these local authorities. Inactivity/passivity was the most prevalent form at all stages of the implementation process. Indirect forms included co-opting control of gender equality initiatives, preventing gender equality operations from acquiring resources, undermining these operations by withdrawing resources and questioning their legitimacy. Direct forms of obstruction included the “branding” of gender equality workers, undermining their professional and personal legitimacy, and harassment. The findings also reveal how some men in leadership positions, passively and actively, promoted the institutionalization of this policy. In the final chapter I discuss other factors that could be used to explain the sluggish pace of gender equality policy implementation. I also raise and discuss whether and in what sense the power struggle concerning the implementation of gender equality policy is gendered.
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| 38. |
- Sandström, Ulf G., 1952-
(författare)
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Biodiversity and green infrastructure in urban landscapes
- 2004
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this thesis, I evaluate the extent to which biodiversity is affected, and taken into consideration by, urban planning. Based on landscape ecology, I apply an interdisciplinary approach. In addition to natural science, I have included social and political sciences, as methods from these two disciplines were required to study issues dealing with both biodiversity and urban planning. Urbanisation affects biodiversity in several ways. For example, changes in vegetation structures as well as an increased fragmentation of natural habitats will take place. In a fragmented environment an increased nest predation rate occurs. In the smaller spatial scale, predation rate was found to be higher closer to the edge of natural habitat patches than further inside. I also carried out research in order to identify the local and regional effects that cities have on compositional and structural elements of biodiversity. The amount and quality of green space and natural vegetation increased from the centre to the periphery of the city. Avian species richness showed the same trend with the exception of avian generalists, which showed the opposite trend. Certain qualities such as old-growth trees and dead wood, as well as availability of green space, were identified as being important for avian diversity. These findings emphasise the importance of urban green space with natural structures to maintain high ecological diversity. Based on analyses of policy documents, I examined whether Swedish local authorities and planners take urban green spaces into consideration as potential multifunctional systems, including the maintenance of biodiversity. The result showed that Swedish planners and local decision-makers have not fully understood the multiple uses of urban green space, for example, the same area can act as a recreation area, improve the local climate, and maintain biodiversity. A normative model for conservation planning in urban landscapes was defined and operationalised by using landscape ecological principles. Urban planners were interviewed about their interest, ability, and knowledge with respect to planning for functional networks of green spaces in relation to the normative model. The unanimous view was that planners were interested in the concept of biodiversity. However, they were restricted by the extent of their knowledge, by personnel lacking suitable qualifications, and by inadequacies within their organisations. To deal with this, better integration of natural, social, and political sciences in education, as well as policy implementation should be developed.
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| 39. |
- Sandström, Ulf G., et al.
(författare)
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Urban comprehensive planning - identifying barriers for the maintenance of functional habitat networks
- 2006
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Ingår i: Landscape and Urban Planning. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-2046 .- 1872-6062. ; 75:1-2, s. 43-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Maintaining biodiversity requires a wise combination of protection, management and recreation of habitats to secure representative and functional habitat networks. As urbanisation is increasing worldwide. town and cities are becoming the most common habitat for humankind. Accordingly, the urban landscape is becoming increasingly important for maintaining biodiversity on site, as well as for understanding the concept of biodiversity in general, and its maintenance in urban landscapes. We evaluated the extent to which Swedish urban planners experience barriers when using comprehensive planning as a tool for the maintenance of biodiversity through the provision of sufficient quantity and quality of green space. All of the six large Swedish cities, having had constant relative population growth since the beginning of the 19th century were chosen as case studies. We first defined a normative model for planning urban biodiversity and operationalised this concept by using landscape ecological principles. Structured in-depth interviews were then carried out with three planners in each city. The respondents were asked about their interest, ability, and knowledge concerning planning for functional networks of green spaces in relation to the normative model. The in-depth interviews with 18 urban planners indicated that legislation was an important driver for green space planning that they paid attention to new knowledge concerning recreation values and public health, but that biodiversity maintenance was not a high priority. There was a general agreement that local governments lack necessary resources to plan for biodiversity. A majority of the respondents mentioned geographical information systems (GIS) as an important tool to integrate knowledge about biodiversity in the planning process, and to evaluate likely consequences caused by deviations from current structure plans related to an efficient use of urban green spaces to maintain biodiversity. However, an evaluation of the answers revealed that the respondents had actually overestimated their capacity to implement the normative model. To conclude, the unanimous view was that planners were interested in the maintenance of biodiversity, but were limited by knowledge and by personnel lacking suitable qualifications, as well as by inadequate organisations. Only a minority of the respondents thought that local governments should have resources for biodiversity conservation planning. Finally, we discuss how the implementation of biodiversity policies could be improved by better integration of natural and social sciences in education and policy implementation.
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| 40. |
- Suleiman, Lina, et al.
(författare)
-
Rethinking water reform policies as a 'wicked problem' the case of urban water supply in Ghana
- 2017
-
Ingår i: International Planning Studies. - : Routledge. - 1356-3475 .- 1469-9265. ; 22:4, s. 320-332
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on the theory of 'wicked problem' this paper investigates the causes of unsuccessful reform of urban water utilities in Accra, Ghana. The authors of this paper argue that reforms based only on managerial perspectives are not enough. Taking into account institutional and social issues is a key for the success of such reforms. Donors and international agencies lack such outlook and therefore fail to develop effective water policy reforms in developing countries generally. The paper discusses inter-twined and multi-dimensional institutional constraints that hinder the development of an appropriate approach to water utility reform in Accra.
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| 41. |
- Åkerskog, A, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of environmental policy integration in swedish structure plans
- 2016
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Ingår i: Place-Based Evaluation for Integrated Land-Use Management. - : Taylor and Francis. - 9781317080534 - 9781472445483 ; , s. 325-344
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The traditional concern in planning evaluation has been on the potential substantive impact of plans - costs and benefits of the plans, of these instrumental values together with distributional impact, e.g. in planning balance sheet; and these two impacts together with environmental consequences, e.g. in community impact analysis (Lichfield, 1996). The integration of sustainability aspects, however, has met with a large number of problems. With increasing attention on the discoursebased logic in planning evaluation interest has also been directed towards how plans succeed in integrating different sustainability factors. The point of departure for this frame of evaluation is that plans narrate a set of knowledge practices.
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| 42. |
- Åström, Joachim, et al.
(författare)
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Apple Pie-Spinach Metaphor : Shall e-Democracy make Participatory Planning More Wholesome?
- 2011
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Ingår i: Planning Practice & Research. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0269-7459 .- 1360-0583. ; 26:5, s. 571-586
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite claims that planners' attitude towards public participation has not always been enthusiastic, there have been genuine attempts to devolve powers through participation-although seldom with success. In this paper we discuss several major attempts to improve participation in Sweden including case studies of e-participation. Despite great expectations on information and communication technologies, Swedish experience indicates that the status quo between planners and people remains.
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