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- Thomas, HS, et al.
(författare)
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- 2019
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 2. |
- Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., et al.
(författare)
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Determinants of morbidity and mortality following emergency abdominal surgery in children in low-income and middle-income countries
- 2016
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Ingår i: BMJ Global Health. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2059-7908. ; 1:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Child health is a key priority on the global health agenda, yet the provision of essential and emergency surgery in children is patchy in resource-poor regions. This study was aimed to determine the mortality risk for emergency abdominal paediatric surgery in low-income countries globally.Methods: Multicentre, international, prospective, cohort study. Self-selected surgical units performing emergency abdominal surgery submitted prespecified data for consecutive children aged <16 years during a 2-week period between July and December 2014. The United Nation's Human Development Index (HDI) was used to stratify countries. The main outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality, analysed by multilevel logistic regression.Results: This study included 1409 patients from 253 centres in 43 countries; 282 children were under 2 years of age. Among them, 265 (18.8%) were from low-HDI, 450 (31.9%) from middle-HDI and 694 (49.3%) from high-HDI countries. The most common operations performed were appendectomy, small bowel resection, pyloromyotomy and correction of intussusception. After adjustment for patient and hospital risk factors, child mortality at 30 days was significantly higher in low-HDI (adjusted OR 7.14 (95% CI 2.52 to 20.23), p<0.001) and middle-HDI (4.42 (1.44 to 13.56), p=0.009) countries compared with high-HDI countries, translating to 40 excess deaths per 1000 procedures performed.Conclusions: Adjusted mortality in children following emergency abdominal surgery may be as high as 7 times greater in low-HDI and middle-HDI countries compared with high-HDI countries. Effective provision of emergency essential surgery should be a key priority for global child health agendas.
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| 4. |
- Eldeeb, Tarek M., et al.
(författare)
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Novel three-dimensional chitosan-carbon nanotube–PVA nanocomposite hydrogel for removal of Cr6+ from wastewater
- 2020
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Ingår i: Desalination and Water Treatment. - : Desalination Publications. - 1944-3994. ; 184, s. 163-177
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel hybrid nanocomposite adsorbent was prepared by encapsulation of multi-walled carbon nano-tubes within polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan hydrogel (Cs/MWCNT/PVA) and cross-linked with glu-taraldehyde. The chemical reactions between the components affected the position and intensities of the infrared bands. This nanocomposite has excellent Cr6+ ions adsorption efficiency. The optimal conditions of the process as a function of the solution pH, contact time, ionic strength, and sorbent weight were investigated. The batch equilibrium experiments revealed that the most suitable pH for chromium adsorption was at 1.5. The maximum adsorption capacity for the hydrogel was 217.4 mg g–1 as estimated by the Langmuir model. Other isotherm models, such as Freundlich and Temkin, were used to analyze the experimental data and the models’ parameters were evaluated. The pseudo-first and second-order, Elovich, intraparticle diffusion, and film diffusion kinetic models were also inves-tigated. The obtained results enabled to estimate the possibility to use the Cs/MWCNT/PVA hydrogel in the removal of Cr6+ ions from wastewater by adsorption.
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