| 1. |
- Thomas, HS, et al.
(author)
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- 2019
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 3. |
- Fiorillo, A., et al.
(author)
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How to improve clinical practice on involuntary hospital admissions of psychiatric patients : suggestions from the EUNOMIA study
- 2011
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In: European psychiatry. - : Elsevier. - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 26:4, s. 201-207
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Number and procedures of involuntary hospital admissions vary in Europe according to the different socio-cultural contexts. The European Commission has funded the EUNOMIA study in 12 European countries in order to develop European recommendations for good clinical practice in involuntary hospital admissions. The recommendations have been developed with the direct and active involvement of national leaders and key professionals, who worked out national recommendations, subsequently summarized into a European document, through the use of specific categories. The need for standardizing the involuntary hospital admission has been highlighted by all centers. In the final recommendations, it has been stressed the need to: providing information to patients about the reasons for hospitalization and its presumable duration; protecting patients’ rights during hospitalization; encouraging the involvement of family members; improving the communication between community and hospital teams; organizing meetings, seminars and focus-groups with users; developing training courses for involved professionals on the management of aggressive behaviors, clinical aspects of major mental disorders, the legal and administrative aspects of involuntary hospital admissions, on communication skills. The results showed the huge variation of involuntary hospital admissions in Europe and the importance of developing guidelines on this procedure.
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| 7. |
- Bluhme, E, et al.
(author)
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Procurement and Evaluation of Hepatocytes for Transplantation From Neonatal Donors After Circulatory Death
- 2022
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In: Cell transplantation. - : SAGE Publications. - 1555-3892 .- 0963-6897. ; 31, s. 9636897211069900-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Hepatocyte transplantation is a promising treatment for liver failure and inborn metabolic liver diseases, but progress has been hampered by a scarcity of available organs. Here, hepatocytes isolated from livers procured for a neonatal hepatocyte donation program within a research setting were assessed for metabolic function and suitability for transplantation. Organ donation was considered for infants who died in neonatal intensive care in the Stockholm region during 2015–2021. Inclusion was assessed when a decision to discontinue life-sustaining treatment had been made and hepatectomy performed after declaration of death. Hepatocyte isolation was performed by three-step collagenase perfusion. Hepatocyte viability, yield, and function were assessed using fresh and cryopreserved cells. Engraftment and maturation of cryopreserved neonatal hepatocytes were assessed by transplantation into an immunodeficient mouse model and analysis of the gene expression of phase I, phase II, and liver-specific enzymes and proteins. Twelve livers were procured. Median warm ischemia time (WIT) was 190 [interquartile range (IQR): 80–210] minutes. Median viability was 86% (IQR: 71%–91%). Median yield was 6.9 (IQR: 3.4–12.8) x106 viable hepatocytes/g. Transplantation into immunodeficient mice resulted in good engraftment and maturation of hepatocyte-specific proteins and enzymes. A neonatal organ donation program including preterm born infants was found to be feasible. Hepatocytes isolated from neonatal donors had good viability, function, and engraftment despite prolonged WIT. Therefore, neonatal livers should be considered as a donor source for clinical hepatocyte transplantation, even in cases with extended WIT.
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| 13. |
- Fiorillo, A., et al.
(author)
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Patient characteristics and symptoms associated with perceived coercion during hospital treatment
- 2012
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In: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. - Malden, USA : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0001-690X .- 1600-0447. ; 125:6, s. 460-467
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: Large numbers of psychiatric patients either are involuntarily admitted to hospital treatment or feel coerced despite a legally voluntary admission. For ethical and clinical reasons, their perceived coercion should be reduced as far as possible. There is however limited evidence on patient characteristics associated with perceived coercion during hospital treatment. This study aimed to identify i) sociodemographic and clinical characteristics associated with perceived coercion at admission and ii) changes in symptoms and global functioning associated with changes in perceived coercion over time.Method: Three thousand and ninety three in-patients who were involuntarily admitted or felt coerced to hospital treatment despite a legally voluntary admission were recruited in the European evaluation of coercion in psychiatry and harmonization of best clinical practice EUNOMIA project in 11 European countries. Perceived coercion, global functioning and symptoms were assessed after admission and at a 3-month follow-up.Results: Involuntary admission, female gender, poorer global functioning and more positive symptoms were associated with higher levels of perceived coercion at admission. Perceived coercion significantly decreased over time, and the improvements in global functioning and positive symptoms were associated with reduction in perceived coercion.Conclusion: Female patients perceive more coercion in psychiatric hospital treatment. Effective treatment for positive symptoms and improving patients global functioning may lead to a reduction in perceived coercion.
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| 20. |
- Lindquist, T., et al.
(author)
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A novel modular and dispatchable CSP Stirling system : Design, validation, and demonstration plans
- 2019
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In: AIP Conference Proceedings. - : American Institute of Physics (AIP).
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper summarizes the preliminary results from the on-going development of a novel modular dispatchable solar power plant concept. The work encompasses techno-economic feasibility assessment, concept design, full scale sub-system tests and validation work, and ultimately plans for a fully integrated demonstration of the system. The proposed solar power plant concept consists of a heliostat field that powers a latent heat thermal energy storage (TES), fitted on a small tower. The solar receiver located underneath the TES tank, is an optical cavity with a small aperture that enables the concentrated sunlight to be emitted directly on the solar absorber surface while ensuring low convective and radiative losses. The stored thermal energy is provided to the engine, in proximity to the latent heat storage, with a pumped heat transfer fluid (HTF). The Stirling engine with a rated power of 13 kW has been modified and optimised for the operational conditions that the eutectic aluminum-silicon latent heat storage provides. For example, a new engine tubular gas heater has been developed for the HTF (i.e. sodium) and the expansion cylinder has been enlarged to improve both efficiency and power output as the temperature of the working gas is somewhat lower than in previous dish Stirling application. The choice of eutectic aluminum-silicon as TES media resulted from a thorough assessment of several phase change materials throughout the design phase of the project. Indeed, such a TES media selected would benefit from a suitable melting temperature of around 580°C, high energy density, high thermal conductivity, and low cost.
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| 23. |
- Piispanen, PS, et al.
(author)
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Synthesis and surface measurements of surfactants derived from dehydroabietic acid
- 2003
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In: Journal of Surfactants and Detergents (JSD). - 1097-3958 .- 1558-9293. ; 6, s. 125-130
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Dehydroabietates with poly(ethylene oxide) chains of average m=12, 17 and 45 units (DeHab(E)m) have been synthesized and some of their surfactant properties have been characterized. The results have been compared with common linear chain CnEm surfactants. The adsorption to the liquid-vapor interface was measured and the adsorbed amount and critical micelle concentrations, cmc, determined. The dehydroabietic acid as hydrophobe was found to result in the same cmc as a linear dodecyl chain. The DeHAb(E)45 was found to be insoluble above 400 mg/l, but the surface tension at lower concentrations were similar to those of the C11-13E38-40 surfactants, which exhibit cmcs in aqueous media. The reason for the insolubility of DeHab(E)45 is proposed to be the large size and rigid structure of the hydrophobe, which imposes a large micelle size. The curvature of such a micelle is too low for efficient packing of the large headgroup, so micelle formation becomes unfavorable. The foaming behavior of the DeHAb(E)12 and DeHab(E)17 surfactants was about the same as for common linear CnEm surfactants i.e. the foamability as well as the foam stability increased with ethylene oxide chain length. The cloud point was depressed by increased salt concentration and increased with the number of ethylene oxide units in the head-group. The cloud point was significantly lower than for the corresponding surfactant with a dodecyl chain with similar EO-chain length. The suggested reason for this is explained by the fact that the micelles of DeHab(E)m are larger, due to the large and more rigid dehydroabietic hydrophobe. The attractive forces between the micelles are larger for DeHab(E)m than for the linear CnEm surfactants. The more concentrated surfactant phase of DeHab(E)m leads to clouding phenomenon at lower temperatures than for CnEm. The wetting results, obtained by measuring the contact angle at similar surface tensions, indicate that surfactants of the DeHab(E)m type are more efficient wetting agents than both disaccharide sugar surfactants and CnEm type surfactants.
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| 24. |
- Sjöberg, R.L., et al.
(author)
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Accuracy of self-reports of stressful emotional events in real world settings
- 2009
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In: 21st Annual Convention of the Association for Psychological Science, San Francisco, 2009. ; , s. 256-256
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In this review the empirical and theoretical literature on children’s autobiographical statements about child sexual abuse and other forms of maltreatment is discussed. It is concluded that experiences of child sexual abuse seems to be associated with a number of negative psychosocial outcomes. It is further concluded that even though children may remember experiences from the first and second years of life there is no reliable way by which details of childhood experiences can be reconstructed on the basis of preverbal memories. The literature on the suggestibility of preschool children suggests that children are capable of providing reliable testimonies about highly salient personal experiences such as sexual abuse, though a substantial proportion of children may choose not to when asked by professionals. However, suggestive interviewing practises, particularly when used with younger children will increase the risk of false allegations.
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| 25. |
- Stenum, Thomas Søndergaard, et al.
(author)
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RNA interactome capture in Escherichia coli globally identifies RNA-binding proteins
- 2023
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In: Nucleic Acids Research. - : Oxford University Press. - 0305-1048 .- 1362-4962. ; 51:9, s. 4572-4587
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- RNA-binding proteins (RPBs) are deeply involved in fundamental cellular processes in bacteria and are vital for their survival. Despite this, few studies have so far been dedicated to direct and global identification of bacterial RBPs. We have adapted the RNA interactome capture (RIC) technique, originally developed for eukaryotic systems, to globally identify RBPs in bacteria. RIC takes advantage of the base pairing potential of poly(A) tails to pull-down RNA-protein complexes. Overexpressing poly(A) polymerase I in Escherichia coli drastically increased transcriptome-wide RNA polyadenylation, enabling pull-down of crosslinked RNA-protein complexes using immobilized oligo(dT) as bait. With this approach, we identified 169 putative RBPs, roughly half of which are already annotated as RNA-binding. We experimentally verified the RNA-binding ability of a number of uncharacterized RBPs, including YhgF, which is exceptionally well conserved not only in bacteria, but also in archaea and eukaryotes. We identified YhgF RNA targets in vivo using CLIP-seq, verified specific binding in vitro, and reveal a putative role for YhgF in regulation of gene expression. Our findings present a simple and robust strategy for RBP identification in bacteria, provide a resource of new bacterial RBPs, and lay the foundation for further studies of the highly conserved RBP YhgF.
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| 28. |
- Strom, P., et al.
(author)
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Validation and learning in the Procedicus KSA virtual reality surgical simulator : Implementing a new safety culture in medical school
- 2003
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In: Surgical Endoscopy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0930-2794 .- 1432-2218. ; 17:2, s. 227-231
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Advanced simulator training within medicine is a rapidly growing field. Virtual reality simulators are being introduced as cost-saving educational tools, which also lead to increased patient safety. Methods: Fifteen medical students were included in the study. For 10 medical students performance was monitored, before and after 1 h of training, in two endoscopic simulators (the Procedicus KSA with haptic feedback and anatomical graphics and the established MIST simulator without this haptic feedback and graphics). Five medical students performed 50 tests in the Procedicus KSA in order to analyze learning curves. One of these five medical students performed multiple training sessions during 2 weeks and performed more than 300 tests. Results: There was a significant improvement after 1 h of training regarding time, movement economy, and total score. The results in the two simulators were highly correlated. Conclusion: Our results show that the use of surgical simulators as a pedagogical tool in medical student training is encouraging. It shows rapid learning curves and our suggestion is to introduce endoscopic simulator training in undergraduate medical education during the course in surgery when motivation is high and before the development of "negative stereotypes" and incorrect practices.
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| 31. |
- Öhlin, Bertil, et al.
(author)
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Dual versus triple therapy in eradication of Helicobacter pylori
- 2002
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In: Hepato-Gastroenterology. - 0172-6390. ; 49:43, s. 172-175
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background/Aims: Duodenal ulcers should be treated by eradication of Helicobacter pylori. This study compared the efficacy of a proton pump inhibitor together with one or two antibiotics in eradication therapy, Methodology: 177 patients who were H. pylori positive were randomized to receive 14 days of either: lansoprazole 30mg bd and amoxicillin 1g bd (LA), omeprazole 20mg bd and amoxicillin 1g bd (OA) or lansoprazole 30mg bd, amoxicillin 1g bd and clarithromycin 500mg bd (LAC). The efficacy was assessed at four weeks and at six months after the end of treatment. Biopsies were taken for culture and bacterial sensitivity testing at inclusion and at four weeks after the end of treatment. Results: 149 patients were evaluated for efficacy. The eradication rate was significantly higher in LAC (96%) compared to LA (51%) and OA (64%) treatments (P<0.001). At baseline 17%, 21% and 19% of the patients in the LA, OA and LAC groups, respectively, were resistant to metronidazole and only one patient was resistant to clarithromycin. Post-treatment, four patients had acquired metronidazole resistance. Conclusions: LAC is more effective than LA and CA for eradication of H. pylori in duodenal ulcer disease.
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