| 1. |
- Chng, Kern Rei, et al.
(författare)
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Cartography of opportunistic pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes in a tertiary hospital environment
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 26, s. 941-951
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although disinfection is key to infection control, the colonization patterns and resistomes of hospital-environment microbes remain underexplored. We report the first extensive genomic characterization of microbiomes, pathogens and antibiotic resistance cassettes in a tertiary-care hospital, from repeated sampling (up to 1.5 years apart) of 179 sites associated with 45 beds. Deep shotgun metagenomics unveiled distinct ecological niches of microbes and antibiotic resistance genes characterized by biofilm-forming and human-microbiome-influenced environments with corresponding patterns of spatiotemporal divergence. Quasi-metagenomics with nanopore sequencing provided thousands of high-contiguity genomes, phage and plasmid sequences (>60% novel), enabling characterization of resistome and mobilome diversity and dynamic architectures in hospital environments. Phylogenetics identified multidrug-resistant strains as being widely distributed and stably colonizing across sites. Comparisons with clinical isolates indicated that such microbes can persist in hospitals for extended periods (>8 years), to opportunistically infect patients. These findings highlight the importance of characterizing antibiotic resistance reservoirs in hospitals and establish the feasibility of systematic surveys to target resources for preventing infections. Spatiotemporal characterization of microbial diversity and antibiotic resistance in a tertiary-care hospital reveals broad distribution and persistence of antibiotic-resistant organisms that could cause opportunistic infections in a healthcare setting.
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| 2. |
- Danko, David, et al.
(författare)
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A global metagenomic map of urban microbiomes and antimicrobial resistance
- 2021
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Ingår i: Cell. - : Elsevier BV. - 0092-8674 .- 1097-4172. ; 184:13, s. 3376-3393
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a global atlas of 4,728 metagenomic samples from mass-transit systems in 60 cities over 3 years, representing the first systematic, worldwide catalog of the urban microbial ecosystem. This atlas provides an annotated, geospatial profile of microbial strains, functional characteristics, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) markers, and genetic elements, including 10,928 viruses, 1,302 bacteria, 2 archaea, and 838,532 CRISPR arrays not found in reference databases. We identified 4,246 known species of urban microorganisms and a consistent set of 31 species found in 97% of samples that were distinct from human commensal organisms. Profiles of AMR genes varied widely in type and density across cities. Cities showed distinct microbial taxonomic signatures that were driven by climate and geographic differences. These results constitute a high-resolution global metagenomic atlas that enables discovery of organisms and genes, highlights potential public health and forensic applications, and provides a culture-independent view of AMR burden in cities.
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| 3. |
- Niemi, MEK, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 4. |
- Alvehus, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Leadership, power, and politics
- 2024
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Ingår i: Routledge Critical Companion to Leadership Studies. - 9781032425153
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 5. |
- Bergström, Ola, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Organizational discourse and subjective: Subjectification during processes of recruitment
- 2006
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Ingår i: Human Relations. - : SAGE Publications. - 0018-7267 .- 1741-282X. ; 59:3, s. 351-377
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article seeks to contribute to the debate on the relationship between organizational discourses and subjectivity, revolving around whether organizational discourses determine individual subjectivity and the extent to which there is room for human agency. It does so by providing empirical illustrations of how organizational discourses constitute subjectivity during processes of recruitment in a large American consultancy firm operating in Sweden. The analysis illustrates how interviewers, by various discursive moves, initiate, support, control and follow up candidates’ decision to join the company, as if it was an independent choice to join. Findings suggest that to the extent that subjectification takes place during the recruitment process it is dependent on the candidate’s use and acceptance of organizational discourses as expressions of their own motives for working at the company. These findings have implications for the understanding of the relationship between organizational discourses and individual subjectivity and how subjectification processes may be studied in other practices and organizations. It argues that subjectification is an effect of the interaction between human agency and organizational discourses rather than in the determination of one to the other. Any attempt to analyse the impact of organizational discourse on individual subjectivity must take into account the possibility that subjects actively take part in their own self-construction and that this construction is produced in social interaction.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Binnewies, Julia, et al.
(författare)
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Associations of depression and regional brain structure across the adult lifespan : Pooled analyses of six population-based and two clinical cohort studies in the European Lifebrain consortium
- 2022
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Ingår i: NeuroImage. - : Elsevier. - 2213-1582. ; 36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Major depressive disorder has been associated with lower prefrontal thickness and hippocampal volume, but it is unknown whether this association also holds for depressive symptoms in the general population. We investigated associations of depressive symptoms and depression status with brain structures across population-based and patient-control cohorts, and explored whether these associations are similar over the lifespan and across sexes.Methods: We included 3,447 participants aged 18–89 years from six population-based and two clinical patient-control cohorts of the European Lifebrain consortium. Cross-sectional meta-analyses using individual person data were performed for associations of depressive symptoms and depression status with FreeSurfer-derived thickness of bilateral rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) and medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC), and hippocampal and total grey matter volume (GMV), separately for population-based and clinical cohorts.Results: Across patient-control cohorts, depressive symptoms and presence of mild-to-severe depression were associated with lower mOFC thickness (rsymptoms = −0.15/ rstatus = −0.22), rACC thickness (rsymptoms = −0.20/ rstatus = −0.25), hippocampal volume (rsymptoms = −0.13/ rstatus = 0.13) and total GMV (rsymptoms = −0.21/ rstatus = −0.25). Effect sizes were slightly larger for presence of moderate-to-severe depression. Associations were similar across age groups and sex. Across population-based cohorts, no associations between depression and brain structures were observed.Conclusions: Fitting with previous meta-analyses, depressive symptoms and depression status were associated with lower mOFC, rACC thickness, and hippocampal and total grey matter volume in clinical patient-control cohorts, although effect sizes were small. The absence of consistent associations in population-based cohorts with mostly mild depressive symptoms, suggests that significantly lower thickness and volume of the studied brain structures are only detectable in clinical populations with more severe depressive symptoms.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Eriksson-Zetterquist, Ulla, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Stories about men implementing and resisting new technologies
- 2004
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Ingår i: New Technology, Work and Employment, Blackwell Publishing, Inc.. - 0268-1072. ; 19:3, s. 192-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article the literature on masculinity, gender and technology/science provides the context for discussing two case studies where new information technology has recently been introduced. The empirical material is counter-intuitive to the general understanding that technology reflects and reinforces mens masculinity and the article provides a variety of theoretical interpretations for these findings.
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| 10. |
- Eriksson-Zetterquist, Ulla, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Stories about men resisting new technology
- 2003
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Ingår i: Gender, Work and Organization conference, Keele 25-27 June, 2003.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Knights, David, et al.
(författare)
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Gendered incorporations : Critically embodied reflections on the gender divide in organisation studies
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of Work Organisation and Emotion. - 1740-8938 .- 1740-8946. ; 4:3-4, s. 217-235
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Challenging yet extending extant efforts in organisation studies to disrupt the gender divide, we develop an embodied account to more fundamentally dissolve the binaries that divide conventional forms of female and male embodiment. Despite a proliferation of literature on the body and emotion in sociology and organisation studies, it is our view that much of it remains deeply disembodied, treating the body pretty much like any other sociological phenomenon, i.e., as a mere object of study. In seeking to dissolve the gender divide, we incorporate a number of vignettes in an attempt to write our own bodies into the text. While reflecting about our own masculine (David and Torkild) and transgender (Torkild) embodiment, we critically discuss how transgender, in particular, may constitute a vehicle for challenging and disrupting the gender divide.
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| 13. |
- Knights, David, et al.
(författare)
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Masculinity in the Financial Sector
- 2014
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Ingår i: The Oxford Handbook of Gender in Organizations. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 9780199658213
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Knights, David, et al.
(författare)
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(Mis) Managing Diversity: Exploring the Dangers of Diversity Management Orthodoxy
- 2016
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Ingår i: Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal. - 2040-7149. ; 35:1, s. 5-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to challenge the dominance of the mainstream discourse and practice of diversity management (DM) by identifying and problematizing three distinct but related issues that it encompasses: first, its tendency to displace all alternative approaches; second, its general neglect of the social-historical context and third, its almost exclusive focus on the business case rationale for supporting diversity. Design/methodology/approach – Employing ethnographic research methods, the empirical material was collected in an international manufacturing corporation based in Sweden. It consists of three different, but interconnected approaches: archival research, interviews and observations. Findings – The paper shows that in neglecting power, identity, intersectionality and the changing socio-historical context of diversity, a well-meaning corporate diversity programme tended to obscure ethnic and age-related disadvantages at work. Research limitations/implications – The limitations of this research relate largely to its dependence on a single case study and the limited focus on diversity as it affected able-bodied, white male immigrant workers. A broader study of the multiplicity of types of discrimination and ways in which diversity is managed in a range of countries and organizations could facilitate a more in-depth exploration of these issues and arguments. Originality/value – Although not entirely new, the three arguments that have been drawn upon to discuss, analyse and illustrate DM through our data have rarely been brought together in one theoretical and empirical study.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Knights, David, et al.
(författare)
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Rethinking Diversity in Organizations
- 2013
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Ingår i: the 22th NFF conference in Reykjavik, Iceland, 21-23 August, 2013. On Practice and Knowledge Eruptions.. - 2298-3112.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 19. |
- Knights, David, et al.
(författare)
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Rethinking Diversity in Organizations and Society
- 2015
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Ingår i: The Oxford Handbook of Diversity in Organizations. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 9780199679805
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The problem addressed in this chapter is whether emphasis on the ‘business case’ has gone too far, for even on its own terms there have been questions concerning the actual commercial benefits of diversity management. The concern is that if practitioner interests in anti-discrimination are reduced to the business case, then any failure to achieve commercial benefits will condemn the whole programme. Consequently, there has to be some return to the social justice arguments for managing diversity. As a way of seeking to stimulate such developments, we have conducted a literature survey of the various methodological and analytical frameworks deployed in diversity in organizations research. This is in order to search for alternatives to the reduction of ideas and interests in diversity to a single managerial preoccupation with making diversity ‘pay’, or limiting diversity practices to their potential to generate commercial benefits.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Murari, A., et al.
(författare)
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A control oriented strategy of disruption prediction to avoid the configuration collapse of tokamak reactors
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - 2041-1723 .- 2041-1723. ; 15:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of thermonuclear fusion consists of producing electricity from the coalescence of light nuclei in high temperature plasmas. The most promising route to fusion envisages the confinement of such plasmas with magnetic fields, whose most studied configuration is the tokamak. Disruptions are catastrophic collapses affecting all tokamak devices and one of the main potential showstoppers on the route to a commercial reactor. In this work we report how, deploying innovative analysis methods on thousands of JET experiments covering the isotopic compositions from hydrogen to full tritium and including the major D-T campaign, the nature of the various forms of collapse is investigated in all phases of the discharges. An original approach to proximity detection has been developed, which allows determining both the probability of and the time interval remaining before an incoming disruption, with adaptive, from scratch, real time compatible techniques. The results indicate that physics based prediction and control tools can be developed, to deploy realistic strategies of disruption avoidance and prevention, meeting the requirements of the next generation of devices.
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| 22. |
- Nyberg, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Educational attainment does not influence brain aging
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 118:18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Education has been related to various advantageous lifetime outcomes. Here, using longitudinal structural MRI data (4,422 observations), we tested the influential hypothesis that higher education translates into slower rates of brain aging. Cross-sectionally, education was modestly associated with regional cortical volume. However, despite marked mean atrophy in the cortex and hippocampus, education did not influence rates of change. The results were replicated across two independent samples. Our findings challenge the view that higher education slows brain aging.
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| 23. |
- Nyberg, Lars, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Individual differences in brain aging : heterogeneity in cortico-hippocampal but not caudate atrophy rates
- 2023
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Ingår i: Cerebral Cortex. - : Oxford University Press. - 1047-3211 .- 1460-2199. ; 33:9, s. 5075-5081
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is well documented that some brain regions, such as association cortices, caudate, and hippocampus, are particularly prone to age-related atrophy, but it has been hypothesized that there are individual differences in atrophy profiles. Here, we document heterogeneity in regional-atrophy patterns using latent-profile analysis of 1,482 longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging observations. The results supported a 2-group solution reflecting differences in atrophy rates in cortical regions and hippocampus along with comparable caudate atrophy. The higher-atrophy group had the most marked atrophy in hippocampus and also lower episodic memory, and their normal caudate atrophy rate was accompanied by larger baseline volumes. Our findings support and refine models of heterogeneity in brain aging and suggest distinct mechanisms of atrophy in striatal versus hippocampal-cortical systems.
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| 24. |
- Omanović, Vedran, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Mismanaging Diversity
- 2013
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Ingår i: EURAM 2013 in Istanbul, Turkey, 26-29 Juni 2013..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Remneland Wikhamn, Björn, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Open Innovation, Gender and the infiltration of masculine discourses
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship. - 1756-6266. ; 5:3, s. 275-297
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to illustrate how open innovation is implemented in practice in a large multinational corporation and to discuss how masculine discourses of rational control and competition are reinforced during such a process. An exploratory single case study approach has been employed. Qualitative empirical data (interviews and documents) are derived from a four year longitudinal research project on open and distributed innovation processes in the automotive industry. Masculinity enters the discourse of open innovation through prescribed classical management ideals in line with auditing and bureaucratisation. The paper illustrates how these masculine discourses are reproduced rather than challenged by open innovation. It also highlights how the preoccupation with control and conquest tends to silence alternative (feminine) discourses which could otherwise enrich the radical and creative features of the open innovation paradigm. The paper is suggesting that the potential disruptive force in the open innovation paradigm tends to be watered down when appropriated by classical managerial ideals. It shows how difficult it is for managers to incorporate alternative (feminine) discourses when acting within a strong masculine hegemony. The open innovation paradigm leans on aspects such as “openness”, “collaboration”, “creativity” and “intuition” – much in line with feminine discursive connotations. But when masculine norms govern the company setting, these alternative modes of organising tend to be either marginalised or appropriated and transformed in ways that ensure they are compatible with discourses and practices of masculinity. This study provides insights into how discourses of masculinity play out and manifest themselves in the management of the firm. By doing so, it challenges the underlying and often uncritical assumptions of open innovation’s disruptive force on contemporary managerial practice
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| 27. |
- Remneland Wikhamn, Björn, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Transaction Cost Economics and Open Innovation: Implications on Theory and Practice
- 2012
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Ingår i: Creativity and Innovation Management. - : Wiley. - 0963-1690. ; 21:3, s. 277-289
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) has had a strong impact on theories of economic exchange but also on open innovation even though the relationship is often implicit rather than explicit. In this paper, we highlight what we consider to be the problematic use of TCE in the context of open innovation, suggesting that it has a limited descriptive power and potentially does normative damage to open innovation practice. A case study of the Volvo Group will be drawn upon to illustrate these claims. The case questions the belief that hierarchical control eliminates transaction costs. Also, it suggests that an overemphasis on calculative reduction of transaction costs together with a focus on governance and rationality leave little space for an innovative climate, thus diverting the attention away from the creative potential of transactions. Indeed the self-fulfilling prophecy character of subscribing to the assumptions of TCE may not merely limit but actually undermine innovation.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Thanem, Torkild, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Embodying emotional labour
- 2005
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Ingår i: <em>Gender, Bodies and Work</em>. - Aldershot : Ashgate. ; , s. 31-43
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 30. |
- Thanem, Torkild, et al.
(författare)
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Feeling and speaking through our gendered bodies : Embodied self-reflection and research practice in organisation studies
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Work Organisation and Emotion. - 1740-8938 .- 1740-8946. ; 5:1, s. 91-108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite the growing organisational literature on the gendered body, we argue that much of this literature remains disembodied. We therefore seek to further embody the study of gendered bodies and organisations by viewing the body as lived gendered embodiment and by writing our own viscerally embodied experiences into our discussion. We first discuss the phenomenological approach to lived gendered embodiment and how this has been utilised in organisation studies. We then discuss how research on lived gendered embodiment might become more viscerally self–reflective. Throughout, we integrate these discussions with our own visceral and gendered self–reflections from teaching and research.
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| 31. |
- Tullberg, Maria, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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Managing Masculinity/Mismanaging the Corporation
- 2012
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Ingår i: Organization. - : SAGE Publications. - 1350-5084 .- 1461-7323. ; 19:4, s. 385-404
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are numerous accounts of the financial crisis that shocked the Western world in 2008. Almost all the commentaries are steeped in the same cognitive paradigm of linear thinking and assumptions of economic self-interest that could be seen to have created the crisis. While acknowledging the multiplicity of reasons for the crisis and how it should be managed, this article offers an alternative in presenting a gendered perspective that could complement but also challenge some of the conventional wisdom. It suggests a link between managing masculinity and mismanaging the corporation leading to government bailouts for the banks and a near collapse of Western economies. Although new governance and regulation are clearly important responses to the crisis, they do not necessarily get to the root of the problem. A more sociological form of analysis could help us to understand how individual material and symbolic self-interest deriving partly from misrecognition of the self as autonomous but reinforced by masculine fragilities was a major condition of the excesses leading to the crisis. This article explores how this self-interest is not just a reflection of the neo-liberal economic consensus but also of masculine discourses within the business class elite that make the pursuit of ever spiralling remuneration almost obligatory.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Wandery, Oscar, 1990-
(författare)
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The Ecstasy of Tragedy : An Ethnography of Hospice
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Culture is a double-edged sword in organizational research. Certain researchers consider culture the key to understanding organizations while others see it as a pseudo-scientific and faddish term. Similarly in the private sector, some argue that it is an essential part of their company’s success while others treat it as a high-scoring word in corporate-speak-bingo. This dissertation lies somewhere in between these positions. This dissertation explores the organizational culture of hospice care based on three years of volunteering (bi-weekly), two months of non-participant observations, and 30 interviews (17 semi-structured and 13 unstructured). It makes the case that while some organizations are not subject to distinct or persistent cultures in an anthropological sense, other organizations display cultural continuity in ways that resemble clans, tribes, or communes. The purpose of this dissertation is to explore the cultural reproduction of such an organization – hospice. Building on work within affective theory and new-wave organization culture, this dissertation discusses the role that ecstasy plays in the persistence of communal bonds in hospice, and it explores different social- and psychological processes within hospice that leads to the maintenance of its norms, symbols, and values.
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| 34. |
- Kanai, M, et al.
(författare)
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- 2023
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swepub:Mat__t
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