| 1. |
- de Jong, R. S., et al.
(författare)
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4MOST : Project overview and information for the First Call for Proposals
- 2019
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Ingår i: The Messenger. - : European Southern Observatory. - 0722-6691. ; 175, s. 3-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We introduce the 4-metre Multi-Object Spectroscopic Telescope (4MOST), a new high-multiplex, wide-field spectroscopic survey facility under development for the four-metre-class Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy (VISTA) at Paranal. Its key specifications are: a large field of view (FoV) of 4.2 square degrees and a high multiplex capability, with 1624 fibres feeding two low-resolution spectrographs (R = λ/Δλ ~ 6500), and 812 fibres transferring light to the high-resolution spectrograph (R ~ 20 000). After a description of the instrument and its expected performance, a short overview is given of its operational scheme and planned 4MOST Consortium science; these aspects are covered in more detail in other articles in this edition of The Messenger. Finally, the processes, schedules, and policies concerning the selection of ESO Community Surveys are presented, commencing with a singular opportunity to submit Letters of Intent for Public Surveys during the first five years of 4MOST operations.
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| 2. |
- Koch, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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Frequency of breaks, amount of muscular rest, and sustained muscle activity related to neck pain in a pooled dataset
- 2024
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - 1932-6203. ; 19:6, s. 1-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Neck pain remains a persistent challenge in modern society and is frequently encountered across a wide range of occupations, particularly those involving repetitive and monotonous tasks. It might be expected that patterns of trapezius muscle activity at work, characterized by few breaks and prolonged periods of sustained muscle activity, are linked to neck pain. However, previous cross-sectional studies have generally failed to establish a definitive association. While some longitudinal studies have suggested that extended periods of heightened muscle activity could be a risk factor for neck pain, these findings often relied on limited participant numbers or specific professional groups. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between trapezius muscle activity and neck pain by pooling data from seven Scandinavian research institutes encompassing a diverse range of occupational backgrounds.METHODS: Electromyographic (EMG) data for the upper trapezius muscle, collected during working hours, were coupled with questionnaire responses pertaining to neck pain, individual characteristics, and potential confounding variables for a total of 731 subjects. Additionally, longitudinal data from 258 subjects were available. The various EMG datasets were consolidated into a standardized format, and efforts were made to harmonize inquiries about neck pain. Regression analyses, adjusting for sex and height, were conducted to explore the associations between muscle activity variables and neck pain. An exposure index was devised to quantify the cumulative neck load experienced during working hours and to differentiate between various occupational categories.RESULTS: The cross-sectional data displayed a distinct pattern characterized by positive associations for brief periods of sustained muscle activity (SUMA) and negative associations for prolonged SUMA-periods and neck pain. The longitudinal data exhibited a contrasting trend, although it was not as pronounced as the cross-sectional findings. When employing the exposure index, notable differences in cumulative muscle load emerged among occupational groups, and positive associations with longitudinal neck pain were identified.DISCUSSION: The results suggest that individuals with neck pain experience higher cumulative workloads and extended periods of muscle activity over the long term. In the short term, they appear to compensate by taking frequent short breaks, resulting in a lower cumulative workload. Regardless of their occupation, it is crucial to distribute work breaks throughout the workday to ensure that the cumulative load remains manageable.
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| 3. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Abelev, Betty, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of prompt J/psi and beauty hadron production cross sections at mid-rapidity in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479. ; :11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ALICE experiment at the LHC has studied J/psi production at mid-rapidity in pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV through its electron pair decay on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity L-int = 5.6 nb(-1). The fraction of J/psi from the decay of long-lived beauty hadrons was determined for J/psi candidates with transverse momentum p(t) > 1,3 GeV/c and rapidity vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9. The cross section for prompt J/psi mesons, i.e. directly produced J/psi and prompt decays of heavier charmonium states such as the psi(2S) and chi(c) resonances, is sigma(prompt J/psi) (p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c, vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9) = 8.3 +/- 0.8(stat.) +/- 1.1 (syst.)(-1.4)(+1.5) (syst. pol.) mu b. The cross section for the production of b-hadrons decaying to J/psi with p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c and vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9 is a sigma(J/psi <- hB) (p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c, vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9) = 1.46 +/- 0.38 (stat.)(-0.32)(+0.26) (syst.) mu b. The results are compared to QCD model predictions. The shape of the p(t) and y distributions of b-quarks predicted by perturbative QCD model calculations are used to extrapolate the measured cross section to derive the b (b) over bar pair total cross section and d sigma/dy at mid-rapidity.
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| 6. |
- Abelev, Betty, et al.
(författare)
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Underlying Event measurements in pp collisions at root s=0.9 and 7 TeV with the ALICE experiment at the LHC
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479. ; :7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present measurements of Underlying Event observables in pp collisions at root s = 0 : 9 and 7 TeV. The analysis is performed as a function of the highest charged-particle transverse momentum p(T),L-T in the event. Different regions are defined with respect to the azimuthal direction of the leading (highest transverse momentum) track: Toward, Transverse and Away. The Toward and Away regions collect the fragmentation products of the hardest partonic interaction. The Transverse region is expected to be most sensitive to the Underlying Event activity. The study is performed with charged particles above three different p(T) thresholds: 0.15, 0.5 and 1.0 GeV/c. In the Transverse region we observe an increase in the multiplicity of a factor 2-3 between the lower and higher collision energies, depending on the track p(T) threshold considered. Data are compared to PYTHIA 6.4, PYTHIA 8.1 and PHOJET. On average, all models considered underestimate the multiplicity and summed p(T) in the Transverse region by about 10-30%.
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| 7. |
- Aidas, Kestutis, et al.
(författare)
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The Dalton quantum chemistry program system
- 2014
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Ingår i: WIREs Computational Molecular Science. - : Wiley. - 1759-0876 .- 1759-0884. ; 4:3, s. 269-284
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dalton is a powerful general-purpose program system for the study of molecular electronic structure at the Hartree-Fock, Kohn-Sham, multiconfigurational self-consistent-field, MOller-Plesset, configuration-interaction, and coupled-cluster levels of theory. Apart from the total energy, a wide variety of molecular properties may be calculated using these electronic-structure models. Molecular gradients and Hessians are available for geometry optimizations, molecular dynamics, and vibrational studies, whereas magnetic resonance and optical activity can be studied in a gauge-origin-invariant manner. Frequency-dependent molecular properties can be calculated using linear, quadratic, and cubic response theory. A large number of singlet and triplet perturbation operators are available for the study of one-, two-, and three-photon processes. Environmental effects may be included using various dielectric-medium and quantum-mechanics/molecular-mechanics models. Large molecules may be studied using linear-scaling and massively parallel algorithms. Dalton is distributed at no cost from for a number of UNIX platforms.
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| 8. |
- Aquilante, Francesco, et al.
(författare)
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Accurate ab initio density fitting for multiconfigurational self-consistent field methods
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 129:2, s. 024113-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using Cholesky decomposition and density fitting to approximate the electron repulsion integrals, an implementation of the complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) method suitable for large-scale applications is presented. Sample calculations on benzene, diaquo-tetra-mu-acetato-dicopper(II), and diuraniumendofullerene demonstrate that the Cholesky and density fitting approximations allow larger basis sets and larger systems to be treated at the CASSCF level of theory with controllable accuracy. While strict error control is an inherent property of the Cholesky approximation, errors arising from the density fitting approach are managed by using a recently proposed class of auxiliary basis sets constructed from Cholesky decomposition of the atomic electron repulsion integrals.
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| 9. |
- Aquilante, Francesco, et al.
(författare)
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Cholesky decomposition techniques in electronic structure theory
- 2011
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Ingår i: Linear-Scaling Techniques in Computational Chemistry and Physics. - Dordrecht : Springer. - 9789048128525 ; , s. 301-304
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We review recently developed methods to efficiently utilize the Cholesky decomposition technique in electronic structure calculations. The review starts with a brief introduction to the basics of the Cholesky decomposition technique. Subsequently, examples of applications of the technique to ab inito procedures are presented. The technique is demonstrated to be a special type of a resolution-of-identity or density-fitting scheme. This is followed by explicit examples of the Cholesky techniques used in orbital localization, computation of the exchange contributionto the Fock matrix, in MP2, gradient calculations, and so-called method specific Cholesky decomposition. Subsequently, examples of calibration of the method with respect to computed total energies, excitation energies, and auxiliary basis set pruning are presented. In particular, it is demonstrated that the Cholesky method is an unbiased method to derive auxiliary basis sets. Furthermore, details of the implementational considerations are put forward and examples from a parallel Cholesky decomposition scheme is presented. Finally, an outlook and perspectives are presented, followed by a summary and conclusions section. We are of the opinion that the Cholesky decomposition method is a technique that has been overlooked for too long. We have just recently started to understand how to efficiently incorporate the method in existing ab initio programs. The full potential of the Cholesky technique has not yet been fully explored.
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| 10. |
- Aquilante, Francesco, et al.
(författare)
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Fast noniterative orbital localization for large molecules.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 125:17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We use Cholesky decomposition of the density matrix in atomic orbital basis to define a new set of occupied molecular orbital coefficients. Analysis of the resulting orbitals (”Cholesky molecular orbitals”) demonstrates their localized character inherited from the sparsity of the density matrix. Comparison with the results of traditional iterative localization schemes shows minor differences with respect to a number of suitable measures of locality, particularly the scaling with system size of orbital pair domains used in local correlation methods. The Cholesky procedure for generating orthonormal localized orbitals is noniterative and may be made linear scaling. Although our present implementation scales cubically, the algorithm is significantly faster than any of the conventional localization schemes. In addition, since this approach does not require starting orbitals, it will be useful in local correlation treatments on top of diagonalization-free Hartree-Fock optimization algorithms.
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| 11. |
- Assogna, M., et al.
(författare)
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Association of Choroid Plexus Volume With Serum Biomarkers, Clinical Features, and Disease Severity in Patients With Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration Spectrum
- 2023
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Ingår i: NEUROLOGY. - 0028-3878. ; 101:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and ObjectivesChoroid plexus (ChP) is emerging as a key brain structure in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders. In this observational study, we investigated ChP volume in a large cohort of patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) spectrum to explore a possible link between ChP volume and other disease-specific biomarkers.MethodsParticipants included patients meeting clinical criteria for a probable syndrome in the FTLD spectrum. Structural brain MRI imaging, serum neurofilament light (NfL), serum phosphorylated-Tau181 (p-Tau181), and cognitive and behavioral data were collected. MRI ChP volumes were obtained from an ad-hoc segmentation model based on a Gaussian Mixture Models algorithm.ResultsThree-hundred and sixteen patients within FTLD spectrum were included in this study, specifically 135 patients diagnosed with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), 75 primary progressive aphasia, 46 progressive supranuclear palsy, and 60 corticobasal syndrome. In addition, 82 age-matched healthy participants were recruited as controls (HCs). ChP volume was significantly larger in patients with FTLD compared with HC, across the clinical subtype. Moreover, we found a significant difference in ChP volume between HC and patients stratified for disease-severity based on CDR plus NACC FTLD, including patients at very early stage of the disease. Interestingly, ChP volume correlated with serum NfL, cognitive/behavioral deficits, and with patterns of cortical atrophy. Finally, ChP volume seemed to discriminate HC from patients with FTLD better than other previously identified brain structure volumes.DiscussionConsidering the clinical, pathologic, and genetic heterogeneity of the disease, ChP could represent a potential biomarker across the FTLD spectrum, especially at the early stage of disease. Further longitudinal studies are needed to establish its role in disease onset and progression.Classification of EvidenceThis study provides Class III evidence that choroid plexus volume, as measured on MRI scan, can assist in differentiating patients with FTLD from healthy controls and in characterizing disease severity.
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| 12. |
- Auffret, Alistair G., et al.
(författare)
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More warm-adapted species in soil seed banks than in herb layer plant communities across Europe
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Ecology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0022-0477 .- 1365-2745. ; 111:5, s. 1009-1020
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Responses to climate change have often been found to lag behind the rate of warming that has occurred. In addition to dispersal limitation potentially restricting spread at leading range margins, the persistence of species in new and unsuitable conditions is thought to be responsible for apparent time-lags. Soil seed banks can allow plant communities to temporarily buffer unsuitable environmental conditions, but their potential to slow responses to long-term climate change is largely unknown. As local forest cover can also buffer the effects of a warming climate, it is important to understand how seed banks might interact with land cover to mediate community responses to climate change. We first related species-level seed bank persistence and distribution-derived climatic niches for 840 plant species. We then used a database of plant community data from grasslands, forests and intermediate successional habitats from across Europe to investigate relationships between seed banks and their corresponding herb layers in 2763 plots in the context of climate and land cover. We found that species from warmer climates and with broader distributions are more likely to have a higher seed bank persistence, resulting in seed banks that are composed of species with warmer and broader climatic distributions than their corresponding herb layers. This was consistent across our climatic extent, with larger differences (seed banks from even warmer climates relative to vegetation) found in grasslands. Synthesis. Seed banks have been shown to buffer plant communities through periods of environmental variability, and in a period of climate change might be expected to contain species reflecting past, cooler conditions. Here, we show that persistent seed banks often contain species with relatively warm climatic niches and those with wide climatic ranges. Although these patterns may not be primarily driven by species’ climatic adaptations, the prominence of such species in seed banks might still facilitate climate-driven community shifts. Additionally, seed banks may be related to ongoing trends regarding the spread of widespread generalist species into natural habitats, while cool-associated species may be at risk from both short- and long-term climatic variability and change.
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| 13. |
- Bader, J. M., et al.
(författare)
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Proteome profiling in cerebrospinal fluid reveals novel biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease
- 2020
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Ingår i: Molecular Systems Biology. - : EMBO. - 1744-4292. ; 16:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neurodegenerative diseases are a growing burden, and there is an urgent need for better biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment efficacy. Structural and functional brain alterations are reflected in the protein composition of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients have higherCSFlevels of tau, but we lack knowledge of systems-wide changes ofCSFprotein levels that accompanyAD. Here, we present a highly reproducible mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics workflow for the in-depth analysis ofCSFfrom minimal sample amounts. From three independent studies (197 individuals), we characterize differences in proteins byADstatus (> 1,000 proteins,CV < 20%). Proteins with previous links to neurodegeneration such as tau,SOD1, andPARK7 differed most strongly byADstatus, providing strong positive controls for our approach.CSFproteome changes in Alzheimer's disease prove to be widespread and often correlated with tau concentrations. Our unbiased screen also reveals a consistent glycolytic signature across our cohorts and a recent study. Machine learning suggests clinical utility of this proteomic signature.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Bashkanov, M., et al.
(författare)
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Double-Pionic Fusion of Nuclear Systems and the "ABC" Effect : Approaching a Puzzle by Exclusive and Kinematically Complete Measurements
- 2009
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 102:5, s. 052301-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ABC effect-a puzzling low-mass enhancement in the pi pi invariant mass spectrum, first observed by Abashian, Booth, and Crowe-is well known from inclusive measurements of two-pion production in nuclear fusion reactions. Here we report on the first exclusive and kinematically complete measurements of the most basic double-pionic fusion reaction pn -> d pi(0)pi(0) at beam energies of 1.03 and 1.35 GeV. The measurements, which have been carried out at CELSIUS-WASA, reveal the ABC effect to be a (pi pi)(I=L=0) channel phenomenon associated with both a resonancelike energy dependence in the integral cross section and the formation of a Delta Delta system in the intermediate state. A corresponding simple s-channel resonance ansatz provides a surprisingly good description of the data.
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| 16. |
- Bashkanov, M., et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of the slope parameter for the η → 3π0 decay in the pp → ppη reaction
- 2007
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 76:4, s. 048201-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The CELSIUS-WASA setup is used to measure the 3π0 decay of η mesons produced in pp interactions with beam kinetic energies of 1.36 and 1.45 GeV. The efficiency-corrected Dalitz plot and density distributions for this decay are shown, together with a fit of the quadratic slope parameter α yielding α = −0.026 ± 0.010(stat) ± 0.010(syst). This value is compared to recent experimental results and theoretical predictions.
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| 17. |
- Baumeister, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Association of Csk to VE-cadherin and inhibition of cell proliferation
- 2005
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Ingår i: EMBO Journal. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0261-4189 .- 1460-2075. ; 24:9, s. 1686-1695
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) mediates contact inhibition of cell growth in quiescent endothelial cell layers. Searching for proteins that could be involved in VE-cadherin signaling, we found the cytosolic C-terminal Src kinase (Csk), a negative regulator of Src family kinases. We show that Csk binds via its SH2 domain to the phosphorylated tyrosine 685 of VE-cadherin. VE-cadherin recruits Csk to cell contacts and both proteins can be co-precipitated from cell lysates of transfected cells and endothelial cells. Association of VE-cadherin and Csk in endothelial cells increased with increasing cell density. CHO cells expressing the tyrosine replacement mutant VE-cadherin-Y685F grow to higher cell densities than cells expressing wild-type VE-cadherin. Overexpression of Csk in these cells under an inducible promoter inhibits cell proliferation in the presence and absence of VE-cadherin, but not in the presence of VE-cadherin-Y685F. Reduction of Csk expression by RNA interference enhances endothelial cell proliferation. Our results suggest that the phosphorylated tyrosine residue 685 of VE-cadherin and probably the binding of Csk to this site are involved in inhibition of cell growth triggered by cell density.
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| 18. |
- Berlowski, M., et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of eta meson decays into lepton-antilepton pairs
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. Particles and fields. - : American Physical Society. - 0556-2821 .- 1089-4918. ; 77:3, s. 032004-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A search for rare lepton decays of the eta meson was performed using the WASA detector at CELSIUS. Two candidates for double Dalitz decay eta -> e(+)e(-)e(+)e(-) events are reported with a background of 1.3 +/- 0.2 events. This allows to set an upper limit to the branching ratio of 9.7x10(-5) (90% CL). The branching ratio for the decay eta -> e(+)e(-)gamma is determined to (7.8 +/- 0.5(stat)+/- 0.8(syst))x10(-3) in agreement with world average value. An upper limit (90% CL) for the branching ratio for the eta -> e(+)e(-) decay is 2.7x10(-5) and a limit for the sum of the eta ->mu(+)mu(-)mu(+)mu(-) and eta ->pi(+)pi(-)mu(+)mu(-) decays is 3.6x10(-4).
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| 19. |
- Cam, Morgane, et al.
(författare)
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Induction of Amyloid-β42 Production by Fipronil and Other Pyrazole Insecticides.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD. - 1875-8908. ; 62:4, s. 1663-1681
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Generation of amyloid-β peptides (Aβs) by proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP), especially increased production of Aβ42/Aβ43 over Aβ40, and their aggregation as oligomers and plaques, represent a characteristic feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In familial AD (FAD), altered Aβ production originates from specific mutations ofAβPP or presenilins 1/2 (PS1/PS2), the catalytic subunits of γ-secretase. In sporadic AD, the origin of altered production of Aβs remains unknown. We hypothesize that the 'human chemical exposome' contains products able to favor the production of Aβ42/Aβ43 over Aβ40 and shorter Aβs. To detect such products, we screened a library of 3500+compounds in a cell-based assay for enhanced Aβ42/Aβ43 production. Nine pyrazole insecticides were found to induce a β- and γ-secretase-dependent, 3-10-fold increase in the production of extracellular Aβ42 in various cell lines and neurons differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells derived from healthy and FAD patients. Immunoprecipitation/mass spectrometry analyses showed increased production of Aβs cleaved at positions 42/43, and reduced production of peptides cleaved at positions 38 and shorter. Strongly supporting a direct effect on γ-secretase activity, pyrazoles shifted the cleavage pattern of another γ-secretase substrate, alcadeinα, and shifted the cleavage of AβPP by highly purified γ-secretase toward Aβ42/Aβ43. Focusing on fipronil, we showed that some of its metabolites, in particular the persistent fipronil sulfone, also favor the production of Aβ42/Aβ43 in both cell-based and cell-free systems. Fipronil administered orally to mice and rats is known to be metabolized rapidly, mostly to fipronil sulfone, which stably accumulates in adipose tissue and brain. In conclusion, several widely used pyrazole insecticides enhance the production of toxic, aggregation prone Aβ42/Aβ43 peptides, suggesting the possible existence of environmental "Alzheimerogens" which may contribute to the initiation and propagation of the amyloidogenic process in sporadic AD.
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| 20. |
- Castagnola, Matteo, et al.
(författare)
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Collective Strong Coupling Modifies Aggregation and Solvation
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. - 1948-7185. ; 15, s. 1428-1434
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intermolecular (Coulombic) interactions are pivotal for aggregation, solvation, and crystallization. We demonstrate that the collective strong coupling of several molecules to a single optical mode results in notable changes in the molecular excitations around a single perturbed molecule, thus representing an impurity in an otherwise ordered system. A competition between short-range coulombic and long-range photonic correlations inverts the local transition density in a polaritonic state, suggesting notable changes in the polarizability of the solvation shell. Our results provide an alternative perspective on recent work in polaritonic chemistry and pave the way for the rigorous treatment of cooperative effects in aggregation, solvation, and crystallization.
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| 21. |
- Cederquist, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Mutation analysis of the MLH1, MSH2 and MSH6 genes in patients with double primary cancers of the colorectum and the endometrium: a population-based study in northern Sweden
- 2004
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 109:3, s. 370-376
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is an autosomal dominant disorder that predisposes to predominantly colorectal and endometrial cancers due to germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes, mainly MLH1, MSH2 and in families with excess endometrial cancer also MSH6. In this population-based study, we analysed the mutation spectrum of the MLH1, MSH2 and MSH6 genes in a cohort of patients with microsatellite unstable double primary tumours of the colorectum and the endometrium by PCR, DHPLC and sequencing. Fourteen of the 23 patients (61%) had sequence variants in MLH1, MSH2 or MSH6 that likely affect the protein function. A majority (10/14) of the mutations was found among probands diagnosed before age 50. Five of the mutations (36%) were located in MLH1, 3 (21%) in MSH2 and 6 (43%) in MSH6. MSH6 seem to have larger impact in our population than in other populations, due to a founder effect since all of the MSH6 families originate from the same geographical area. MSH6 mutation carriers have later age of onset of both colorectal cancer (62 vs. 51 years) and endometrial cancer (58 vs. 48 years) and a larger proportion of endometrial cancer than MLH1 or MSH2 mutation carriers. We can conclude that patients with microsatellite unstable double primary cancers of the colorectum and the endometrium have a very high risk of carrying a mutation not only in MLH1 or MSH2 but also in MSH6, especially if they get their first cancer diagnosis before the age of 50. Copyright 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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| 22. |
- Claesson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Novel design for diode-pumped miniature lasers using microstructured silicon carriers
- 2000
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Ingår i: Advanced Solid State Lasers. - : Optica Publishing Group.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new design concept for compact diode-pumped solid-state lasers is presented. The design is based on a microstructured silicon carrier with etched v-grooves. This silicon microbench provides efficient thermal management at 10W pumping level, as well as compact integration and alignment of all active and passive optical components of compact diode-pumped solid-state lasers. In initial experiments, a Nd:YAG laser built on the microbench delivered a continuous-wave output of 3W.
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| 23. |
- Engström, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a glucose sensing antibody using weak affinity chromatography
- 2008
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Ingår i: BMC Biomedical chromotography. - : Wiley. - 0269-3879 .- 1099-0801. ; 22:3, s. 272-277
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Continuous monitoring of drug levels and endogenous molecules in biological fluids is a developing research area with many applications. One example is the need to improve life for millions of diabetes mellitus patients by continuously monitoring the glucose level. In order to have a dynamic response, the recognition molecule in a continuous sensor should preferentially have a fast dissociation rate and a dissociation constant in the millimolar range. We have evaluated the monoclonal antibody (mAb) 3F1E8-A2 for its potential to be used in a future glucose sensor application. The mAb was generated from hybridomas by immunizing mice with 10 kDa dextran (an α1,6-glucose polymer) with the aim of obtaining mAbs that can recognize the glucose monomer. The mAb was immobilized to macroporous silica and the interaction with dextran-derived oligosaccharides was evaluated with weak affinity chromatography (WAC). To measure the low affinities between the mAb 3F1E8-A2 and different monosaccharides, a competitive weak affinity chromatography approach was employed. It was found that the mAb had a higher specificity for glucose compared with other monosaccharides and the dissociation constant (Kd) towards glucose was determined as 18.8 ± 2.6 mm.
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| 24. |
- Fernandez, Berta, et al.
(författare)
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Coupled cluster calculations of interaction energies in benzene-fluorobenzene van der Waals complexes
- 2007
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Ingår i: Chemical Physics Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-2614. ; 441:4-6, s. 332-335
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Benzene-fluorobenzene complexes are used as model systems to simulate the interactions of the SBB-HCAII protein-ligand complex. Using the second-order Moller-Plesset [MP2] and the coupled cluster singles and doubles including connected triple excitations models recently implemented with Cholesky decompositions we evaluate accurate interaction energies for several benzene-fluorobenzene van der Waals complexes. We consider edge-to-face interactions and compare the results to those from a recent MP2 study and to experimental findings. In contrast to experimental trends, we find that the interaction tends to decrease with increasing fluorination and conclude that benzene-fluorobenzene complexes are too simple to simulate the full SBB-HCAII protein-ligand system. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 25. |
- Gannedahl, Rikard, et al.
(författare)
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A mm-Wave Differential-to-Quadrature Frequency Tripler with Automatic Locking and Quadrature Correction
- 2023
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Ingår i: 2023 IEEE Nordic Circuits and Systems Conference, NorCAS 2023 - Proceedings. - 9798350337570
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an injection-locked frequency tripler for 28-GHz direct-conversion transceivers, which takes a differential input and outputs a quadrature signal. A feedback system is added to ensure that lock occurs and to keep the quadrature error below 1° across operating frequencies and process corners. Simulations show that the tripler can cover the entire 24-30 GHz band across all corners, while consuming 32 mW from a 0.8 V supply. The circuit is designed and simulated in a 22nm FD-SOI CMOS process and occupies 0.2 mm2 active chip area.
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| 26. |
- Garcia Cuesta, Inmaculada, et al.
(författare)
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Variation of polarizability in the [4n+2] annulene series: from [22]- to [66]-annulene
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1463-9084. ; 10:3, s. 361-365
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using correlated ab initio methods, the polarizability of large [4n + 2]-annulenes is determined, showing that there exists an almost linear relation between the exaltation of magnetic susceptibility (a measure of aromaticity) and an equivalent enlargement of polarizability.
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| 27. |
- Gilmore, G., et al.
(författare)
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The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey : Motivation, implementation, GIRAFFE data processing, analysis, and final data products star
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 666
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context. The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey is an ambitious project designed to obtain astrophysical parameters and elemental abundances for 100 000 stars, including large representative samples of the stellar populations in the Galaxy, and a well-defined sample of 60 (plus 20 archive) open clusters. We provide internally consistent results calibrated on benchmark stars and star clusters, extending across a very wide range of abundances and ages. This provides a legacy data set of intrinsic value, and equally a large wide-ranging dataset that is of value for the homogenisation of other and future stellar surveys and Gaia's astrophysical parameters. Aims. This article provides an overview of the survey methodology, the scientific aims, and the implementation, including a description of the data processing for the GIRAFFE spectra. A companion paper introduces the survey results. Methods. Gaia-ESO aspires to quantify both random and systematic contributions to measurement uncertainties. Thus, all available spectroscopic analysis techniques are utilised, each spectrum being analysed by up to several different analysis pipelines, with considerable effort being made to homogenise and calibrate the resulting parameters. We describe here the sequence of activities up to delivery of processed data products to the ESO Science Archive Facility for open use. Results. The Gaia-ESO Survey obtained 202 000 spectra of 115 000 stars using 340 allocated VLT nights between December 2011 and January 2018 from GIRAFFE and UVES. Conclusions. The full consistently reduced final data set of spectra was released through the ESO Science Archive Facility in late 2020, with the full astrophysical parameters sets following in 2022. A companion article reviews the survey implementation, scientific highlights, the open cluster survey, and data products.
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| 28. |
- Koch, Andrea
(författare)
-
Clinical Aspects of Inflammation in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
- 2011
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death worldwide, with about 1.2 million deaths every year. In Sweden, about 3500 new cases are diagnosed every year. The majority of patients presents with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and is treated with palliative intent. Standard treatment in these patients in performance status 0-2 is combination chemotherapy. Radiotherapy may be added for palliative purposes. Median survival time with such treatment is 6-10 months. New treatment strategies are urgently needed. There is growing evidence for a link between cancer and inflammation and consequently, inflammation may be a possible target for the treatment of lung cancer.The aim of this thesis was to study clinical aspects of inflammation in non-small cell lung cancer. A central issue was to adapt the projects as close to clinical routine as possible.In a retrospective study of 289 patients (paper I), we investigated the prognostic value of Creactive protein (CRP), a nonspecific marker of systemic inflammation, and smoking in patients with advanced NSCLC treated with palliative first-line chemotherapy. We found that patients with elevated CRP values (≥10 mg/ml) and current smokers at onset of treatment had inferior survival compared to patients with normal CRP values and patients who were not smoking. CRP and smoking status were independent prognostic factors and provided additional information to established prognostic factors such as stage of disease and performance status.The expression of COX-2, an important enzyme involved in inflammation, was prospectively analysed in 53 patients with cytologically diagnosed lung cancer (paper II). The study showed that the analysis of COX-2 expression in cytological material is technically easy to perform with routine diagnostic methods and results in good quality slides. There was great variation in the proportion of COX-2 positive cells between the patients as well as in the intensity of staining between individual cells in many single cases.The major project (paper III) of this thesis was the CYCLUS study, an academic, randomised, double-blind, phase III trial. The scientific question was if addition of the COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib to first-line palliative chemotherapy would prolong survival in patients with advanced NSCLC. 316 patients were included at 13 centres in Sweden. There was no survival difference between the treatment arms. Celecoxib appeared to have more favourable effect on survival in women than in men, but the differences were not significant. Small but not statistically significant differences in global quality of life and pain were seen favouring the celecoxib group. No increased incidence of cardiovascular events was observed in the celecoxib group.
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| 29. |
- Koch, Christian, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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”Integrated Design Process” a concept for Green Energy Engineering
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Engineering. - : Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.. - 1947-3931 .- 1947-394X. ; 5:3, s. 292-298
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Consulting Engineers and Architects are currently experimenting with the concept of “Integrated Design Process” (IDP). This paper views Integrated Design Process as a process tool and a concept for management and organization of the green energy engineering process. Moreover such a concept is understood both as systematic knowledge and a symbolic device for enabling change. The paper briefly review international variants, and focus on two variants present in Den-mark: an architect and engineering variant of IDP. The differences between the concepts include different roles for main actors, the use of information technology, the relation to lean, and forms of collaboration. The paper discusses two building projects focusing on teams of engineers and architects in the early conceptual phase. One develops a solution focused on energy saving technologies, the other on energy producing. It is argued that in this practical context, IDP is viewed as ambiguous and not well defined, and the architects and engineer work hard understanding and using the con-cepts even when directly involved. It is difficult to reach consensus on how to do it. The various players agree that an increased interdisciplinary interaction in the design team is necessary in order to comply with the increased complexity of green energy building design. IDP shows potential as a driver for green energy engineering and technologies, as tra-ditional roles and responsibilities in the design process is changed, and sustainable solutions for green buildings can reach a higher standard and quality and are integrated earlier in the design process.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Koch, Christian, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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Strategic Management Competences in Scandinavian Contractors
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference. Association of Researchers in Construction Management (ARCOM).. - 9780955239076 ; , s. 645-654
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over the past ten years, a series of contractors operating in Denmark, Norway and Sweden have slowly but surely expanded their markets beyond their previous single-country base towards operating in Scandinavia as a whole, and beyond. This expansion has been accompanied by a restructuring of company organisations and associated processes of competency development in senior management. This paper asks the question: How well is top level management prepared to manage and lead these large companies? The paper adopts a multidisciplinary theoretical approach combining international business, strategic management and HR concepts and approaches. Methodologically, a sample of the top level leaders of the hundred largest business units at some thirty Scandinavian contractors has been analysed. The focus is on the 400 top level managers in these organisations. On the basis of a desk study, an analysis of 124 managers from 18 companies has been carried out, providing insight into the basic education and mixing of competences in the top-level boards. More specifically, the areas of operations strategy and IT have been reviewed. The results show that even if the board is mainly composed of engineering competencies, business, legal and HR competencies are also present. Both engineer-dominated and mixed management boards are heading companies which show growth in turnover. This runs counter to a widespread sector perception that management boards in the construction industry are mainly composed of engineers. However, it seems that the managers with business administration competencies are rarely those with responsibility for the central tasks of leadership and strategy. Moreover, very few companies prioritize operations strategy and IT. It is assumed that everybody knows about practical building projects, and therefore that operations strategy will develop naturally. The IT area is viewed as best placed at a lower level of organisation, counter to IT governance and management prescriptions.
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| 32. |
- Kren, F., et al.
(författare)
-
Exclusive measurements of pp -> d pi(+)pi(0) : Double-pionic fusion without ABC effect
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 684:2-3, s. 110-113
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exclusive measurements of the reaction pp -> d pi(+)pi(0) have been carried out at T-p = 1.1 GeV at the CELSIUS storage ring using the WASA detector. The isovector pi(+)pi(0) channel exhibits no enhancement at low invariant pi pi masses, i.e. no ABC effect. Therefore this most basic isovector double-pionic fusion reaction qualifies as an ideal test case for the conventional t-channel Delta Delta excitation process. Indeed, the obtained differential distributions reveal the conventional t-channel Delta Delta mechanism as the appropriate reaction process, which also accounts for the observed energy dependence of the total cross section.
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| 33. |
- Kren, F., et al.
(författare)
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THE pp -> d pi(+)pi(0) REACTION - A CASE OF Delta Delta EXCITATION WITHOUT ABC-EFFECT
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Modern Physics A. - 0217-751X .- 1793-656X. ; 24:2-3, s. 561-563
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ABC effect, a low-mass enhancement in the invariant pp mass, is observed in double-pionic fusion reactions leading to a bound nuclear system in the final state. From previous measurements there have been indications that this phenomenon is resctricted to the sigma channel of the pp system. With exclusive measurements of the pp -> d pi(+)pi(0) reaction at T-p = 1.1 GeV we demonstrate that, indeed, the ABC effect does not occur in the vector-isovector Delta Delta channel (rho channel) despite the fact that the Delta Delta excitation is oberved to be the dominant reaction process. We also show that this reaction is well described by a t-channel Delta Delta excitation with the subsequent decay into the vector-isovector Delta Delta channel given by the rho channel operator.
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| 34. |
- Larsen, Marthe, et al.
(författare)
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AI Risk Score on Screening Mammograms Preceding Breast Cancer Diagnosis
- 2023
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Ingår i: Radiology. - 1527-1315. ; 309:1, s. 1-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Few studies have evaluated the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in prior screening mammography. Purpose To examine AI risk scores assigned to screening mammography in women who were later diagnosed with breast cancer. Materials and Methods Image data and screening information of examinations performed from January 2004 to December 2019 as part of BreastScreen Norway were used in this retrospective study. Prior screening examinations from women who were later diagnosed with cancer were assigned an AI risk score by a commercially available AI system (scores of 1-7, low risk of malignancy; 8-9, intermediate risk; and 10, high risk of malignancy). Mammographic features of the cancers based on the AI score were also assessed. The association between AI score and mammographic features was tested with a bivariate test. Results A total of 2787 prior screening examinations from 1602 women (mean age, 59 years ± 5.1 [SD]) with screen-detected (n = 1016) or interval (n = 586) cancers showed an AI risk score of 10 for 389 (38.3%) and 231 (39.4%) cancers, respectively, on the mammograms in the screening round prior to diagnosis. Among the screen-detected cancers with AI scores available two screening rounds (4 years) before diagnosis, 23.0% (122 of 531) had a score of 10. Mammographic features were associated with AI score for invasive screen-detected cancers (P < .001). Density with calcifications was registered for 13.6% (43 of 317) of screen-detected cases with a score of 10 and 4.6% (15 of 322) for those with a score of 1-7. Conclusion More than one in three cases of screen-detected and interval cancers had the highest AI risk score at prior screening, suggesting that the use of AI in mammography screening may lead to earlier detection of breast cancers.
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| 35. |
- Lopez Cacheiro, Javier, et al.
(författare)
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The CCSD(T) Model With Cholesky Decomposition of Orbital Energy Denominators
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of Quantum Chemistry. - : Wiley. - 0020-7608. ; 111:2, s. 349-355
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new implementation of the coupled cluster singles and doubles with approximate triples correction method [CCSD(T)] using Cholesky decomposition of the orbital energy denominators is described. The new algorithm reduces the scaling of CCSD(T) from N-7 to N-6, where N is the number of orbitals. The Cholesky decomposition is carried out using simple analytical expressions that allow us to evaluate a priori the order in which the decomposition should be carried out and to obtain the relevant parts of the vectors whenever needed in the calculation. Several benchmarks have been carried out comparing the performance of the conventional and Cholesky CCSD(T) implementations. The Cholesky implementation shows a speed-up factor larger than O-2/V, where O is the number of occupied and V the number of virtual orbitals, and in general at most 5 vectors are needed to get a precision of mu E-h. We demonstrate that the Cholesky algorithm is better suited for studying large systems. (c) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 111: 349-355, 2011
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Markhede, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Positioning Analysis : social structures in configurative modelling
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Sixth International Space Syntax Symposium. - Istanbul : ITU Faculty of Architecture. - 9789755613055 ; , s. 069:1-069:14
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The most common way to model space syntax is to use an even distribution of lines or isovists. In positioning analysis, an uneven distribution of isovists is used in order to integrate social structures into the spatial analysis. These models can be used to analyse spaces highly influenced by social or cultural organisations. In offices, organisational structures can produce a constant bias in patterns of, for example, face-to-face interaction. Furthermore, labelling space according to organisational structure has sometimes been found to be as powerful a barrier as physical walls. In this study, these ‘constant biases’ are treated as being more important as origins rather than as mere biases. Positioning analysis is based on examination of spatial configuration of selected positions that enable these biases to be turned into parts of the analytic model. The selected positions should represent the organised entity of interest and form a subset within the general integration model. This set of points can be analysed configurationally through their spatial relationships, which can then be used together with traditional space syntax models. Thus the subset is described both from internal and external relationships, a fruitful approach in many cases. Applying this methodology when analysing face-to-face interaction in offices has provided strong correlations, which have produced two interesting results: face-to-face interaction correlates both with subsets of spatial distribution and with the integration patterns within the subset. At the same time, our analyses of how department stores and libraries spatially organise commodities and categories provide further support for how an analysis of spatial positioning answers key spatial strategy questions. Brands, types, and other categories position themselves in relation to one another as well as to a general integration and control patterns using modulations of a small set of spatial relations. Basing the configurative models on spatial relations of categories rather than on general spatial relations of an evenly distributed grid provides remarkably clear information. These findings are used to argue for working with positioning analysis parallel to traditional space syntax analysis, especially regarding examining spaces that are highly influenced by social or cultural organisation, such as offices, department stores, libraries, and museums.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Markhede, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Spatial Positioning Tool : Background, prototype software and some correlation data
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Journal of Space Syntax. - London : UCL. - 2044-7507. ; 1:1, s. 149-163
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spatial Positioning Tool (SPOT) is an isovist-based spatial analysis software written in Java that works as a stand-alone program. SPOT differs from regular Space syntax software as it can produce integration graphs and intervisibility graphs from a selection of positions. SPOT was originally developed for a series of field studies on building interiors highly influenced by organizations and social groups. These studies needed a tool that could produce graphs using a specific position as starting point for the isovists. Now, we have developed SPOT as in several steps, although this paper focuses mainly on the first iteration. In this version, basic SPOT operations use selected positions to create isovist sets. The sets can be colour-coded and layered; the layers can be activated and made visible by being turned on or off. At this point, there are two graphs produced in SPOT, the isovist overlap graph that shows intervisibility between overlapping isovist fields and the network integration analysis built on visibility relations. The graphs for correlation studies are made using workstations as the origins for the isovists. We use data from an office case study regarding face-to-face interaction. The software aims to be used as a fast and interactive sketch tool as well as a precise analysis tool. Data, images, and diagrams can be exported for use in conjunction with other CAD or illustration programs. The first stage of development is to have a functioning prototype with the implementation of all the basic algorithms and a minimal basic functionality with respect to user interaction. We will also briefly discuss recent developments of SPOT, and we furthermore provide a theoretical background for its development.
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| 40. |
- Minne, Andreas, 1984-
(författare)
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Non-linear Free Boundary Problems
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis consists of an introduction and four research papers related to free boundary problems and systems of fully non-linear elliptic equations.Paper A and Paper B prove optimal regularity of solutions to general elliptic and parabolic free boundary problems, where the operators are fully non-linear and convex. Furthermore, it is proven that the free boundary is continuously differentiable around so called "thick" points, and that the free boundary touches the fixed boundary tangentially in two dimensions.Paper C analyzes singular points of solutions to perturbations of the unstable obstacle problem, in three dimensions. Blow-up limits are characterized and shown to be unique. The free boundary is proven to lie close to the zero-level set of the corresponding blow-up limit. Finally, the structure of the singular set is analyzed.Paper D discusses an idea on how existence and uniqueness theorems concerning quasi-monotone fully non-linear elliptic systems can be extended to systems that are not quasi-monotone.
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| 41. |
- Myhre, Rolf H., et al.
(författare)
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A theoretical and experimental benchmark study of core-excited states in nitrogen
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 148:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The high resolution near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectrum of nitrogen displays the vibrational structure of the core-excited states. This makes nitrogen well suited for assessing the accuracy of different electronic structure methods for core excitations. We report high resolution experimental measurements performed at the SOLEIL synchrotron facility. These are compared with theoretical spectra calculated using coupled cluster theory and algebraic diagrammatic construction theory. The coupled cluster singles and doubles with perturbative triples model known as CC3 is shown to accurately reproduce the experimental excitation energies as well as the spacing of the vibrational transitions. The computational results are also shown to be systematically improved within the coupled cluster hierarchy, with the coupled cluster singles, doubles, triples, and quadruples method faithfully reproducing the experimental vibrational structure.
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| 42. |
- Oki, Koichi, et al.
(författare)
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Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells form Functional Neurons and Improve Recovery After Grafting in Stroke-Damaged Brain.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Stem Cells. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1549-4918 .- 1066-5099. ; 30:6, s. 1120-1133
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reprogramming of adult human somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is a novel approach to produce patient-specific cells for autologous transplantation. Whether such cells survive long-term, differentiate to functional neurons, and induce recovery in the stroke-injured brain is unclear. We have transplanted long-term self-renewing neuroepithelial-like stem (lt-NES) cells, generated from adult human fibroblast-derived iPSCs, into the stroke-damaged mouse and rat striatum or cortex. Recovery of forepaw movements was observed already at 1 week after transplantation. Improvement was most likely not due to neuronal replacement but was associated with increased vascular endothelial growth factor levels, probably enhancing endogenous plasticity. Transplanted cells stopped proliferating, could survive without forming tumors for at least 4 months, and differentiated to morphologically mature neurons of different subtypes. Neurons in intrastriatal grafts sent axonal projections to the globus pallidus. Grafted cells exhibited electrophysiological properties of mature neurons and received synaptic input from host neurons. Our study provides the first evidence that transplantation of human iPSC-derived cells is a safe and efficient approach to promote recovery after stroke and can be used to supply the injured brain with new neurons for replacement.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Pauly, C., et al.
(författare)
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The pp→ppπππ reaction channels in the threshold region
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 649:2-3, s. 122-127
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cross section for direct neutral and charged three pion production in pp interactions was measured at excess energies in the range 160–216 MeV. That comprises the first measurement of the pp→ppπ0π0π0 reaction and the direct comparison with the pp→ppπ+π−π0 process. The experiment was performed above the η meson production threshold and the cross section could be directly normalized to the cross section of the pp→ppη reaction, with the η decaying into 3 pions. Since the same final states are selected, the measurement has a low systematical error. The measured cross section ratio σ(pp→ppπ+π−π0)/σ(pp→ppπ0π0π0) is compared to predictions of dominance of different isobars in the intermediate state.
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| 45. |
- Petrén, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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eta-meson production in proton-proton collisions at excess energies of 40 and 72 MeV
- 2010
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 82:5, s. 055206-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The production of eta mesons in proton-proton collisions has been studied using the WASA detector at the CELSIUS storage ring at excess energies of Q = 40 MeV and Q = 72 MeV. The eta was detected through its 2 gamma decay in a near-4 pi electromagnetic calorimeter, whereas the protons were measured by a combination of straw chambers and plastic scintillator planes in the forward hemisphere. About 6.9 x 10(4) and 9.3 x 10(4) events were found at Q = 40 MeV and Q = 72 MeV, respectively, with background contributions of less than 5%. A simple parametrization of the production cross section in terms of low partial waves was used to evaluate the acceptance corrections. Strong evidence was found for the influence of higher partial waves. The Dalitz plots show the presence of p waves in both the pp and the eta {pp} systems and the angular distributions of the eta in the center-of-mass frame suggest the influence of d-wave eta mesons.
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| 46. |
- Pettersson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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eta PRODUCTION IN PROTON-PROTON COLLISIONS AT 72 MeV EXCESS ENERGY
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Modern Physics A. - 0217-751X .- 1793-656X. ; 24:2-3, s. 446-449
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The production of eta mesons at an excess energy of 72 MeV has been studied in the reaction pp -> pp(eta)gamma gamma. It is shown that a simple model with Pp. final states included reproduces observed differential distributions better than the same model restricted to Ss, Sd and Ds final states. The strong influence of the Pp states could be taken as an indication of rho dominance within an one boson exchange model for the excitation of N*(1535).
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| 47. |
- Plue, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Buffering effects of soil seed banks on plant community composition in response to land use and climate
- 2020
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Ingår i: Global Ecology and Biogeography. - : Wiley. - 1466-822X .- 1466-8238. ; 30:1, s. 128-139
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimClimate and land use are key determinants of biodiversity, with past and ongoing changes posing serious threats to global ecosystems. Unlike most other organism groups, plant species can possess dormant life‐history stages such as soil seed banks, which may help plant communities to resist or at least postpone the detrimental impact of global changes. This study investigates the potential for soil seed banks to achieve this.Location Europe.Time period 1978–2014.Major taxa studied Flowering plantsMethodsUsing a space‐for‐time/warming approach, we study plant species richness and composition in the herb layer and the soil seed bank in 2,796 community plots from 54 datasets in managed grasslands, forests and intermediate, successional habitats across a climate gradient.ResultsSoil seed banks held more species than the herb layer, being compositionally similar across habitats. Species richness was lower in forests and successional habitats compared to grasslands, with annual temperature range more important than mean annual temperature for determining richness. Climate and land‐use effects were generally less pronounced when plant community richness included seed bank species richness, while there was no clear effect of land use and climate on compositional similarity between the seed bank and the herb layer.Main conclusionsHigh seed bank diversity and compositional similarity between the herb layer and seed bank plant communities may provide a potentially important functional buffer against the impact of ongoing environmental changes on plant communities. This capacity could, however, be threatened by climate warming. Dormant life‐history stages can therefore be important sources of diversity in changing environments, potentially underpinning already observed time‐lags in plant community responses to global change. However, as soil seed banks themselves appear, albeit less, vulnerable to the same changes, their potential to buffer change can only be temporary, and major community shifts may still be expected.
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| 48. |
- Plue, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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European soil seed bank communities across a climate and land-cover gradient
- 2020
-
Annan publikationabstract
- This is the data set used for the publication Buffering effects of soil seed banks on plant community composition in response to land use and climate, published in the journal Global Ecology and Biogeography.Aim.Climate and land use are key determinants of biodiversity, with past and ongoing changes posing serious threats to global ecosystems. Unlike most other organism groups, plant species can possess dormant life-history stages such as soil seed banks, which may help plant communities to resist or at least postpone the detrimental impact of global changes. This study investigates the potential for soil seed banks to achieve this.Location. EuropeTime period. 1978 – 2014Major taxa studied. Flowering plantsMethods.Using a space-for-time/warming approach, we study plant species richness and composition in the herb layer and the soil seed bank in 2796 community plots from 54 datasets in managed grasslands, forests and intermediate, successional habitats across a climate gradient.Results.Soil seed banks held more species than the herb layer, being compositionally similar across habitats. Species richness was lower in forests and successional habitats compared to grasslands, with annual temperature range more important than mean annual temperature for determining richness. Climate and land use effects were generally less pronounced when plant community richness included seed bank species richness, while there was no clear effect of land use and climate on compositional similarity between the seed bank and the herb layer.Main conclusions.High seed bank diversity and compositional similarity between the herb layer and seed bank plant communities may provide a potentially important functional buffer against the impact of ongoing environmental changes on plant communities. This capacity could, however, be threatened by climate warming. Dormant life-history stages can therefore be important sources of diversity in changing environments, potentially underpinning already observed time-lags in plant community responses to global change. However, as soil seed banks themselves appear, albeit less, vulnerable to the same changes, their potential to buffer change can only be temporary, and major community shifts may still be expected.MethodsThis dataset is a collection of 41 published and 5 unpublished data sets, consisting of 2796 plots with corresponding seed bank and herb layer community data. Sampling effort varied across data sets, but involved sampling of the soil and subsequent germination trials in a greenhouse to determine seed bank composition. Herb layer communities were determined by the identification of plants in relevés. Please consult the readme file and published paper for further details.Usage NotesPlease contact database or individual data set authors for further information and collaboration when using the data set or any of its component parts. Please also note that some of these data sets have already been published alongside their orginal papers. Finally, please cite data and datasets according to community standards.
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| 49. |
- Portelius, Erik, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Specific Triazine Herbicides Induce Amyloid-β42 Production.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD. - 1875-8908. ; 54:4, s. 1593-1605
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) by secretases leads to extracellular release of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides. Increased production of Aβ42 over Aβ40 and aggregation into oligomers and plaques constitute an Alzheimer's disease (AD) hallmark. Identifying products of the 'human chemical exposome' (HCE) able to induce Aβ42 production may be a key to understanding some of the initiating causes of AD and to generate non-genetic, chemically-induced AD animal models. A cell model was used to screen HCE libraries for Aβ42 inducers. Out of 3500+ compounds, six triazine herbicides were found that induced a β- and γ-secretases-dependent, 2-10 fold increase in the production of extracellular Aβ42 in various cell lines, primary neuronal cells, and neurons differentiated from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Immunoprecipitation/mass spectrometry analyses show enhanced production of Aβ peptides cleaved at positions 42/43, and reduced production of peptides cleaved at positions 38 and lower, a characteristic of AD. Neurons derived from iPSCs obtained from a familial AD (FAD) patient (AβPP K724N) produced more Aβ42 versus Aβ40 than neurons derived from healthy controls iPSCs (AβPP WT). Triazines enhanced Aβ42 production in both control and AD neurons. Triazines also shifted the cleavage pattern of alcadeinα, another γ-secretase substrate, suggesting a direct effect of triazines on γ-secretase activity. In conclusion, several widely used triazines enhance the production of toxic, aggregation prone Aβ42/Aβ43 amyloids, suggesting the possible existence of environmental "Alzheimerogens" which may contribute to the initiation and propagation of the amyloidogenic process in late-onset AD.
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| 50. |
- Randich, S., et al.
(författare)
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The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey : Implementation, data products, open cluster survey, science, and legacy
- 2022
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP SCIENCES S A. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 666
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context. In the last 15 years different ground-based spectroscopic surveys have been started (and completed) with the general aim of delivering stellar parameters and elemental abundances for large samples of Galactic stars, complementing Gaia astrometry. Among those surveys, the Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey, the only one performed on a 8m class telescope, was designed to target 100 000 stars using FLAMES on the ESO VLT (both Giraffe and UVES spectrographs), covering all the Milky Way populations, with a special focus on open star clusters. Aims. This article provides an overview of the survey implementation (observations, data quality, analysis and its success, data products, and releases), of the open cluster survey, of the science results and potential, and of the survey legacy. A companion article reviews the overall survey motivation, strategy, Giraffe pipeline data reduction, organisation, and workflow. Methods. We made use of the information recorded and archived in the observing blocks; during the observing runs; in a number of relevant documents; in the spectra and master catalogue of spectra; in the parameters delivered by the analysis nodes and the working groups; in the final catalogue; and in the science papers. Based on these sources, we critically analyse and discuss the output and products of the Survey, including science highlights. We also determined the average metallicities of the open clusters observed as science targets and of a sample of clusters whose spectra were retrieved from the ESO archive. Results. The Gaia-ESO Survey has determined homogeneous good-quality radial velocities and stellar parameters for a large fraction of its more than 110 000 unique target stars. Elemental abundances were derived for up to 31 elements for targets observed with UVES. Lithium abundances are delivered for about 1/3 of the sample. The analysis and homogenisation strategies have proven to be successful; several science topics have been addressed by the Gaia-ESO consortium and the community, with many highlight results achieved. Conclusions. The final catalogue will be released through the ESO archive in the first half of 2022, including the complete set of advanced data products. In addition to these results, the Gaia-ESO Survey will leave a very important legacy, for several aspects and for many years to come.
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