| 1. |
- Bark, Rusana, et al.
(författare)
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Sentinel node-assisted neck dissection in advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma - A new protocol for staging and treatment
- 2023
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Ingår i: Cancer Medicine. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 2045-7634. ; 12:11, s. 12524-12534
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is used to improve the staging of and guide treatment in patients with early-stage T1-T2 N0 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The role of sentinel nodes (SNs) and the use of SN-technique in advanced OSCC (T3-T4 and/or N+) remain to be evaluated. This study investigates the nodal drainage and the rate of positive SNs (SNs+) in all stages of OSCC.Materials and Methods: In total, 85 patients with T1-T4 OSCC diagnosed 2019-2021 were included. We used a prolonged interval between peritumoral injection of radionuclide and SPECT-CT to include all SNs.Results: Patients with advanced OSCC presented a higher proportion of contralateral lymphatic drainage and a higher rate of SN+ compared to patients with early-stage disease. T3-T4 and N+ tumors presented a tendency for a higher rate of contralateral lymphatic drainage compared to T1-T2 and N0 tumors (p = 0.1). The prevalence of positive nodes (SNs+) was higher among patients with advanced disease, T3-T4 versus T1-T2 (p = 0.0398).Conclusion: SN-assisted ND enables identification and removal of all SNs + and has the potential for more accurate staging and could possibly give prognostic advantages regarding regional recurrence for all OSCC patients, especially among those with advanced disease. The precise localization of the SNs + also suggests that a more individualized ND approach might be possible in the future even for patients with advanced OSCC.
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| 2. |
- Landin, David, et al.
(författare)
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Immune related proteins and tumor infiltratingCD8+ lymphocytes in hypopharyngeal cancer in relation to human papillomavirus (HPV) and clinical outcome
- 2020
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Ingår i: Head and Neck. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1043-3074 .- 1097-0347. ; 42:11, s. 3206-3217
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Hypopharyngeal cancer (HPSCC) shows a poor clinical outcome, while HPSCC, caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), presents a better outcome. Here, HPCC, immune proteins, and tumor infiltrating CD8+ lymphocytes (CD8+ TILs) were evaluated in relation to HPV and outcome.Methods: Fresh frozen tissue from four HPV-positive HPSCC, 39 HPV-negative HPSCC, and normal samples were analyzed for protein expression by the Proseek immuno-oncology immunoassay. CD8+ TIL numbers evaluated by immunohistochemistry on 144 formalin-fixed biopsies were analyzed in relation to clinical outcome.Results: Proteins differing between HPV-positive and negative HPSCC included CD8A, PD-L1, Fas ligand, and chemokines. High CD8+ TIL numbers were correlated to improve clinical outcome in HPV-negative HPSCC.Conclusions: High expression of immune proteins in HPV-positive HPSCC may explain the better clinical outcome. CD8+ TILs are of relevance for outcome of HPV-negative HPSCC, while tumors with high immune activity but poor patient survival suggest a role for immune therapy.
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| 3. |
- Piersiala, Krzysztof, et al.
(författare)
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Regulatory B cells producing IL-10 are increased in human tumor draining lymph nodes
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 153:4, s. 854-866
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The contribution of different immune cell subsets, especially T cells, in anti-tumor immune response is well established. In contrast to T cells, the anti-tumor contribution of B cells has been scarcely investigated. B-cells are often overlooked, even though they are important players in a fully integrated immune response and constitute a substantial fraction of tumor draining lymph nodes (TDLNs) known also as Sentinel Nodes. In this project, samples including TDLNs, non-TDLNs (nTDLNs) and metastatic lymph nodes from 21 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma were analyzed by flow cytometry. TDLNs were characterized by a significantly higher proportion of B cells compared with nTDLNs (P = .0127). TDLNs-associated B cells contained high percentages of naive B cells, in contrary to nTDLNs which contained significantly higher percentages of memory B cells. Patients having metastases in TDLNs showed a significantly higher presence of immunosuppressive B regulatory cells compared with metastasis-free patients (P = .0008). Elevated levels of regulatory B cells in TDLNs were associated with the advancement of the disease. B cells in TDLNs were characterized by significantly higher expression of an immunosuppressive cytokine-IL-10 compared with nTDLNs (P = .0077). Our data indicate that B cells in human TDLNs differ from B cells in nTDLNs and exhibit more naive and immunosuppressive phenotypes. We identified a high accumulation of regulatory B cells within TDLNs which may be a potential obstacle in achieving response to novel cancer immunotherapies (ICIs) in head and neck cancer.
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