| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
-
- 2011
-
swepub:Mat__t
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
-
- 2010
-
swepub:Mat__t
|
|
| 6. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
-
- 2010
-
swepub:Mat__t
|
|
| 7. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
-
- 2010
-
swepub:Mat__t
|
|
| 8. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
-
- 2010
-
swepub:Mat__t
|
|
| 9. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
-
Readiness of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter for LHC collisions
- 2010
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 70:4, s. 1193-1236
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Tile hadronic calorimeter of the ATLAS detector has undergone extensive testing in the experimental hall since its installation in late 2005. The readout, control and calibration systems have been fully operational since 2007 and the detector has successfully collected data from the LHC single beams in 2008 and first collisions in 2009. This paper gives an overview of the Tile Calorimeter performance as measured using random triggers, calibration data, data from cosmic ray muons and single beam data. The detector operation status, noise characteristics and performance of the calibration systems are presented, as well as the validation of the timing and energy calibration carried out with minimum ionising cosmic ray muons data. The calibration systems' precision is well below the design value of 1%. The determination of the global energy scale was performed with an uncertainty of 4%.
|
|
| 10. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
-
The ATLAS Inner Detector commissioning and calibration
- 2010
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 70:3, s. 787-821
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ATLAS Inner Detector is a composite tracking system consisting of silicon pixels, silicon strips and straw tubes in a 2 T magnetic field. Its installation was completed in August 2008 and the detector took part in data-taking with single LHC beams and cosmic rays. The initial detector operation, hardware commissioning and in-situ calibrations are described. Tracking performance has been measured with 7.6 million cosmic-ray events, collected using a tracking trigger and reconstructed with modular pattern-recognition and fitting software. The intrinsic hit efficiency and tracking trigger efficiencies are close to 100%. Lorentz angle measurements for both electrons and holes, specific energy-loss calibration and transition radiation turn-on measurements have been performed. Different alignment techniques have been used to reconstruct the detector geometry. After the initial alignment, a transverse impact parameter resolution of 22.1 +/- 0.9 mu m and a relative momentum resolution sigma (p) /p=(4.83 +/- 0.16)x10(-4) GeV(-1)xp (T) have been measured for high momentum tracks.
|
|
| 11. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
-
The ATLAS Simulation Infrastructure
- 2010
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 70:3, s. 823-874
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The simulation software for the ATLAS Experiment at the Large Hadron Collider is being used for large-scale production of events on the LHC Computing Grid. This simulation requires many components, from the generators that simulate particle collisions, through packages simulating the response of the various detectors and triggers. All of these components come together under the ATLAS simulation infrastructure. In this paper, that infrastructure is discussed, including that supporting the detector description, interfacing the event generation, and combining the GEANT4 simulation of the response of the individual detectors. Also described are the tools allowing the software validation, performance testing, and the validation of the simulated output against known physics processes.
|
|
| 12. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
-
Commissioning of the ATLAS Muon Spectrometer with cosmic rays
- 2010
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 70:3, s. 875-916
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider has collected several hundred million cosmic ray events during 2008 and 2009. These data were used to commission the Muon Spectrometer and to study the performance of the trigger and tracking chambers, their alignment, the detector control system, the data acquisition and the analysis programs. We present the performance in the relevant parameters that determine the quality of the muon measurement. We discuss the single element efficiency, resolution and noise rates, the calibration method of the detector response and of the alignment system, the track reconstruction efficiency and the momentum measurement. The results show that the detector is close to the design performance and that the Muon Spectrometer is ready to detect muons produced in high energy proton-proton collisions.
|
|
| 13. |
- Abat, E., et al.
(författare)
-
A layer correlation technique for pion energy calibration at the 2004 ATLAS Combined Beam Test
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - : Institute of Physics (IOP). - 1748-0221. ; 6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new method for calibrating the hadron response of a segmented calorimeter is developed and successfully applied to beam test data. It is based on a principal component analysis of energy deposits in the calorimeter layers, exploiting longitudinal shower development information to improve the measured energy resolution. Corrections for invisible hadronic energy and energy lost in dead material in front of and between the calorimeters of the ATLAS experiment were calculated with simulated Geant4 Monte Carlo events and used to reconstruct the energy of pions impinging on the calorimeters during the 2004 Barrel Combined Beam Test at the CERN H8 area. For pion beams with energies between 20 GeV and 180 GeV, the particle energy is reconstructed within 3% and the energy resolution is improved by between 11% and 25% compared to the resolution at the electromagnetic scale.
|
|
| 14. |
- Abat, E., et al.
(författare)
-
Combined performance studies for electrons at the 2004 ATLAS combined test-beam
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - : Institute of Physics (IOP). - 1748-0221. ; 5, s. P11006-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2004 at the ATLAS (A Toroidal LHC ApparatuS) combined test beam, one slice of the ATLAS barrel detector (including an Inner Detector set-up and the Liquid Argon calorimeter) was exposed to particles from the H8 SPS beam line at CERN. It was the first occasion to test the combined electron performance of ATLAS. This paper presents results obtained for the momentum measurement p with the Inner Detector and for the performance of the electron measurement with the LAr calorimeter (energy E linearity and resolution) in the presence of a magnetic field in the Inner Detector for momenta ranging from 20 GeV/c to 100 GeV/c. Furthermore the particle identification capabilities of the Transition Radiation Tracker, Bremsstrahlungs-recovery algorithms relying on the LAr calorimeter and results obtained for the E/p ratio and a way how to extract scale parameters will be discussed.
|
|
| 15. |
- Abat, E., et al.
(författare)
-
Photon reconstruction in the ATLAS Inner Detector and Liquid Argon Barrel Calorimeter at the 2004 Combined Test Beam
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The reconstruction of photons in the ATLAS detector is studied with data taken during the 2004 Combined Test Beam, where a full slice of the ATLAS detector was exposed to beams of particles of known energy at the CERN SPS. The results presented show significant differences in the longitudinal development of the electromagnetic shower between converted and unconverted photons as well as in the total measured energy. The potential to use the reconstructed converted photons as a means to precisely map the material of the tracker in front of the electromagnetic calorimeter is also considered. All results obtained are compared with a detailed Monte-Carlo simulation of the test-beam setup which is based on the same simulation and reconstruction tools as those used for the ATLAS detector itself.
|
|
| 16. |
- Abat, E., et al.
(författare)
-
Study of the response of the ATLAS central calorimeter to pions of energies from 3 to 9 GeV
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5087 .- 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 607:2, s. 372-386
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A fully instrumented slice of the ATLAS central detector was exposed to test beams from the SPS (Super Proton Synchrotron) at CERN in 2004. in this paper, the response of the central calorimeters to pions with energies in the range between 3 and 9 GeV is presented. The linearity and the resolution of the combined calorimetry (electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeters) was measured and compared to the prediction of a detector simulation program using the toolkit Geant 4. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 17. |
- Abata, E., et al.
(författare)
-
Study of energy response and resolution of the ATLAS barrel calorimeter to hadrons of energies from 20 to 350 GeV
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576 .- 0167-5087. ; 621:1-3, s. 134-150
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A fully instrumented slice of the ATLAS detector was exposed to test beams from the SPS (Super Proton Synchrotron) at CERN in 2004. In this paper, the results of the measurements of the response of the barrel calorimeter to hadrons with energies in the range 20-350 GeV and beam impact points and angles corresponding to pseudo-rapidity values in the range 0.2-0.65 are reported. The results are compared to the predictions of a simulation program using the Geant 4 toolkit. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier B.V.
|
|
| 18. |
- Abate, E., et al.
(författare)
-
Combined performance tests before installation of the ATLAS Semiconductor and Transition Radiation Tracking Detectors
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ATLAS (A Toroidal LHC ApparatuS) Inner Detector provides charged particle tracking in the centre of the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The Inner Detector consists of three subdetectors: the Pixel Detector, the Semiconductor Tracker (SCT), and the Transition Radiation Tracker (TRT). This paper summarizes the tests that were carried out at the final stage of SCT+TRT integration prior to their installation in ATLAS. The combined operation and performance of the SCT and TRT barrel and endcap detectors was investigated through a series of noise tests, and by recording the tracks of cosmic rays. This was a crucial test of hardware and software of the combined tracker detector systems. The results of noise and cross-talk tests on the SCT and TRT in their final assembled configuration, using final readout and supply hardware and software, are reported. The reconstruction and analysis of the recorded cosmic tracks allowed testing of the offline analysis chain and verification of basic tracker performance parameters, such as efficiency and spatial resolution, in combined operation before installation.
|
|
| 19. |
- Abgrall, N., et al.
(författare)
-
The large enriched germanium experiment for neutrinoless double beta decay (LEGEND)
- 2017
-
Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings. - : Author(s). - 1551-7616 .- 0094-243X. ; 1894
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The observation of neutrinoless double-beta decay (0νββ) would show that lepton number is violated, reveal that neu-trinos are Majorana particles, and provide information on neutrino mass. A discovery-capable experiment covering the inverted ordering region, with effective Majorana neutrino masses of 15 - 50 meV, will require a tonne-scale experiment with excellent energy resolution and extremely low backgrounds, at the level of ∼0.1 count /(FWHM·t·yr) in the region of the signal. The current generation 76Ge experiments GERDA and the Majorana Demonstrator, utilizing high purity Germanium detectors with an intrinsic energy resolution of 0.12%, have achieved the lowest backgrounds by over an order of magnitude in the 0νββ signal region of all 0νββ experiments. Building on this success, the LEGEND collaboration has been formed to pursue a tonne-scale 76Ge experiment. The collaboration aims to develop a phased 0νββ experimental program with discovery potential at a half-life approaching or at 1028 years, using existing resources as appropriate to expedite physics results.
|
|
| 20. |
- Abat, E., et al.
(författare)
-
The ATLAS Transition Radiation Tracker (TRT) proportional drift tube: design and performance
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 3:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A straw proportional counter is the basic element of the ATLAS Transition Radiation Tracker (TRT). Its detailed properties as well as the main properties of a few TRT operating gas mixtures are described. Particular attention is paid to straw tube performance in high radiation conditions and to its operational stability.
|
|
| 21. |
- Abat, E., et al.
(författare)
-
The ATLAS TRT barrel detector
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ATLAS TRT barrel is a tracking drift chamber using 52,544 individual tubular drift tubes. It is one part of the ATLAS Inner Detector, which consists of three sub-systems: the pixel detector spanning the radius range 4 to 20 cm, the semiconductor tracker (SCT) from 30 to 52 cm, and the transition radiation tracker ( TRT) from 56 to 108 cm. The TRT barrel covers the central pseudo-rapidity region |eta| < 1, while the TRT endcaps cover the forward and backward eta regions. These TRT systems provide a combination of continuous tracking with many measurements in individual drift tubes ( or straws) and of electron identification based on transition radiation from fibers or foils interleaved between the straws themselves. This paper describes the recently-completed construction of the TRT Barrel detector, including the quality control procedures used in the fabrication of the detector.
|
|
| 22. |
- Abat, E., et al.
(författare)
-
The ATLAS TRT electronics
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 3:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ATLAS inner detector consists of three sub-systems: the pixel detector spanning the radius range 4cm-20cm, the semiconductor tracker at radii from 30 to 52 cm, and the transition radiation tracker (TRT), tracking from 56 to 107 cm. The TRT provides a combination of continuous tracking with many projective measurements based on individual drift tubes (or straws) and of electron identification based on transition radiation from fibres or foils interleaved between the straws themselves. This paper describes the on and off detector electronics for the TRT as well as the TRT portion of the data acquisition (DAQ) system.
|
|
| 23. |
- Abat, E., et al.
(författare)
-
The ATLAS TRT end-cap detectors
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ATLAS TRT end-cap is a tracking drift chamber using 245,760 individual tubular drift tubes. It is a part of the TRT tracker which consist of the barrel and two end-caps. The TRT end-caps cover the forward and backward pseudo-rapidity region 1.0 < vertical bar eta vertical bar < 2.0, while the TRT barrel central eta region vertical bar eta vertical bar < 1.0. The TRT system provides a combination of continuous tracking with many measurements in individual drift tubes ( or straws) and of electron identification based on transition radiation from fibers or foils interleaved between the straws themselves. Along with other two sub-systems, namely the Pixel detector and Semi Conductor Tracker (SCT), the TRT constitutes the ATLAS Inner Detector. This paper describes the recently completed and installed TRT end-cap detectors, their design, assembly, integration and the acceptance tests applied during the construction.
|
|
| 24. |
- Lappalainen, H. K., et al.
(författare)
-
Overview: Recent advances in the understanding of the northern Eurasian environments and of the urban air quality in China - a Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX) programme perspective
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1680-7316 .- 1680-7324. ; 22:7, s. 4413-4469
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX) Science Plan, released in 2015, addressed a need for a holistic system understanding and outlined the most urgent research needs for the rapidly changing Arctic-boreal region. Air quality in China, together with the long-range transport of atmospheric pollutants, was also indicated as one of the most crucial topics of the research agenda. These two geographical regions, the northern Eurasian Arctic-boreal region and China, especially the megacities in China, were identified as a "PEEX region". It is also important to recognize that the PEEX geographical region is an area where science-based policy actions would have significant impacts on the global climate. This paper summarizes results obtained during the last 5 years in the northern Eurasian region, together with recent observations of the air quality in the urban environments in China, in the context of the PEEX programme. The main regions of interest are the Russian Arctic, northern Eurasian boreal forests (Siberia) and peatlands, and the megacities in China. We frame our analysis against research themes introduced in the PEEX Science Plan in 2015. We summarize recent progress towards an enhanced holistic understanding of the land-atmosphere-ocean systems feedbacks. We conclude that although the scientific knowledge in these regions has increased, the new results are in many cases insufficient, and there are still gaps in our understanding of large-scale climate-Earth surface interactions and feedbacks. This arises from limitations in research infrastructures, especially the lack of coordinated, continuous and comprehensive in situ observations of the study region as well as integrative data analyses, hindering a comprehensive system analysis. The fast-changing environment and ecosystem changes driven by climate change, socio-economic activities like the China Silk Road Initiative, and the global trends like urbanization further complicate such analyses. We recognize new topics with an increasing importance in the near future, especially "the enhancing biological sequestration capacity of greenhouse gases into forests and soils to mitigate climate change" and the "socio-economic development to tackle air quality issues".
|
|
| 25. |
- Moiseenko, V. E., et al.
(författare)
-
Stellator research at IPP KIPT : Status and prospects
- 2019
-
Ingår i: PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. - : KHARKOV INST PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY. - 1562-6016. ; :1, s. 3-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Features of the recent Uragan-2M campaign are reviewed together with some theoretical advances. They include experiments with B4C limiter, studies of various 1. . . 20 kHz oscillations, development of a new in-situ diagnostics for wall conditions, i.e. the thermal desorption probe, the improved numerical model of RF plasma production in stellarators in the ion cyclotron and electron-cyclotron frequency ranges, a new positive-definite form of time-harmonic Maxwell's equations and plasma start-up studies.
|
|
| 26. |
- Paradela, C., et al.
(författare)
-
High accuracy 235U(n,f) data in the resonance energy region
- 2016
-
Ingår i: EPJ Web of Conferences. - : EDP Sciences. - 2100-014X.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The U-235 neutron-induced cross section is widely used as reference cross section for measuring other fission cross sections, but in the resonance region it is not considered as an IAEA standard because of the scarce experimental data covering the full region. In this work, we deal with a new analysis of the experimental data obtained with a detection setup based on parallel plate ionization chambers (PPACs) at the CERN n_TOF facility in the range from 1 eV to 10 keV. The relative cross section has been normalised to the IAEA value in the region between 7.8 and 11 eV, which is claimed as well-known. Comparison with the ENDF/B-VII evaluation and the IAEA reference file from 100 eV to 10 keV are provided.
|
|
| 27. |
- Abbondanno, U, et al.
(författare)
-
The data acquisition system of the neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF at CERN
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 538:1-3, s. 692-702
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The n_TOF facility at CERN has been designed for the measurement of neutron capture, fission and (n, xn) cross-sections with high accuracy. This requires a flexible and-due to the high instantaneous neutron flux-almost dead time free data acquisition system. A scalable and versatile data solution has been designed based on 8-bit flash-ADCs with sampling rates up to 2 GHz and 8 Mbyte memory buffer. The software is written in C and C++ and is running on PCs equipped with RedHat Linux.
|
|
| 28. |
- Diakaki, M., et al.
(författare)
-
Towards the high-accuracy determination of the 238U fission cross section at the threshold region at CERN -€“ n_TOF
- 2016
-
Ingår i: EPJ Web of Conferences. - : EDP Sciences. - 2100-014X.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The U-238 fission cross section is an international standard beyond 2 MeV where the fission plateau starts. However, due to its importance in fission reactors, this cross-section should be very accurately known also in the threshold region below 2 MeV. The U-238 fission cross section has been measured relative to the U-235 fission cross section at CERN - n_TOF with different detection systems. These datasets have been collected and suitably combined to increase the counting statistics in the threshold region from about 300 keV up to 3 MeV. The results are compared with other experimental data, evaluated libraries, and the IAEA standards.
|
|
| 29. |
- Mindur, B, et al.
(författare)
-
Gas gain stabilisation in the ATLAS TRT detector
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 11:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ATLAS (one of two general purpose detectors at the LHC) Transition Radiation Tracker (TRT) is the outermost of the three tracking subsystems of the ATLAS Inner Detector. It is a large straw-based detector and contains about 350,000 electronics channels. The performance of the TRT as tracking and particularly particle identification detector strongly depends on stability of the operation parameters with most important parameter being the gas gain which must be kept constant across the detector volume. The gas gain in the straws can vary significantly with atmospheric pressure, temperature, and gas mixture composition changes. This paper presents a concept of the gas gain stabilisation in the TRT and describes in detail the Gas Gain Stabilisation System (GGSS) integrated into the Detector Control System (DCS). Operation stability of the GGSS during Run-1 is demonstrated.
|
|
| 30. |
- Paradela, C., et al.
(författare)
-
High-accuracy determination of the 238U/235U fission cross section ratio up to ~1 GeV at n_TOF at CERN
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 91, s. 024602-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The U238 to U235 fission cross section ratio has been determined at n_TOF up to ≈1 GeV, with two different detection systems, in different geometrical configurations. A total of four datasets has been collected and compared. They are all consistent to each other within the relative systematic uncertainty of 3–4%. The data collected at n_TOF have been suitably combined to yield a unique fission cross section ratio as a function of neutron energy. The result confirms current evaluations up to 200 MeV. Good agreement is also observed with theoretical calculations based on the INCL++/Gemini++ combination up to the highest measured energy. The n_TOF results may help solve a long-standing discrepancy between the two most important experimental datasets available so far above 20 MeV, while extending the neutron energy range for the first time up to ≈1 GeV.
|
|
| 31. |
- Cwetanski, P, et al.
(författare)
-
Acceptance tests and criteria of the ATLAS transition radiation tracker
- 2005
-
Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science. - 0018-9499. ; 52:6, s. 2911-2916
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Transition Radiation Tracker (TRT) sits at the outermost part of the ATLAS Inner Detector, encasing the Pixel Detector and the Semi-Conductor Tracker (SCT). The TRT combines charged particle track reconstruction with electron identification capability. This is achieved by layers of xenonfilled straw tubes with periodic radiator foils or fibers providing TR photon emission. The design and choice of materials have been optimized to cope with the harsh operating conditions at the LHC, which are expected to lead to an accumulated radiation dose of 10 Mrad and a neutron fluence of up to 2 . 10(14) n/cm(2) after ten years of operation. The TRT comprises a barrel containing 52 000 axial straws and two end-cap parts with 320 000 radial straws. The total of 420 000 electronic channels (two channels per barrel straw) allows continuous tracking with many projective measurements (more than 30 straw hits per track). The assembly of the barrel modules in the US has recently been completed, while the end-cap wheel construction in Russia has reached the 50% mark. After testing at the production sites and shipment to CERN, all modules and wheels undergo a series of quality and conformity measurements. These acceptance tests survey dimensions, wire tension, gas-tightness, high-voltage stability and gas-gain uniformity along each individual straw. This paper gives details on the acceptance criteria and measurement methods. An overview of the most important results obtained to-date is also given.
|
|
| 32. |
- Ukleev, V., et al.
(författare)
-
Self-assembly of a binary mixture of iron oxide nanoparticles in Langmuir film : X-ray scattering study
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Materials Chemistry and Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0254-0584 .- 1879-3312. ; 202, s. 31-39
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In present study we exploited Langmuir technique to produce self-assembled arrays composed of monodisperse iron oxide nanoparticles 10 nm and 20 nm in diameter and of their binary mixture. A combination of in-situ X-ray reflectometry and Grazing-incident small-Angle X-ray scattering was used to obtain in-plane and out-of-plane structure of the arrays directly on the water surface. Surface pressure isotherms and X-ray reflectometry analysis showed that monodisperse 10 nm nanoparticles form a highly ordered monolayer, while 20 nm particles pack in three-dimensional clusters with a short-range (nearest-neighbor) correlations between the particles. In a binary mixture of 10 nm and 20 nm nano particles composed in proportion 3:1 the self-assembly process results in a structure where the monolayer of 10 nm particles is perturbed by the larger particles. Non-trivial mixing causes an enlargement of interparticle distance but keeps the symmetry of two-dimensional lattice of smaller nanoparticles. Estimation of the acting interactions and micromagnetic simulation suggest the optimal formation for monodisperse and binary ensembles.
|
|
| 33. |
- Åkesson, Torsten, et al.
(författare)
-
Aging studies for the ATLAS Transition Radiation Tracker (TRT)
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002. ; 515:1-2, s. 166-179
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A summary of the aging and material validation studies carried out for the ATLAS Transition Radiation Tracker (TRT) is presented. Particular emphasis is put on the different phenomena observed in straw tubes operating with the chosen Xe/CF4/CO2 mixture. The most serious effects observed are silicon deposition on the anode wire and damage of the anode wire gold plating. Etching phenomena and active radical effects are also discussed. With a careful choice of all materials and components, and with good control of the water contamination in the active gas, the ATLAS TRT will operate reliably for 10 years at the LHC design luminosity. To demonstrate this fully, more work is still needed on the gas system purification elements, in particular to understand their interplay with the active species containing fluorine created in the avalanche process under irradiation.
|
|
| 34. |
|
|
| 35. |
- Picetti, Edoardo, et al.
(författare)
-
Early management of adult traumatic spinal cord injury in patients with polytrauma : a consensus and clinical recommendations jointly developed by the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) & the European Association of Neurosurgical Societies (EANS)
- 2024
-
Ingår i: World Journal of Emergency Surgery. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1749-7922. ; 19
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The early management of polytrauma patients with traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI) is a major challenge. Sparse data is available to provide optimal care in this scenario and worldwide variability in clinical practice has been documented in recent studies.Methods: A multidisciplinary consensus panel of physicians selected for their established clinical and scientific expertise in the acute management of tSCI polytrauma patients with different specializations was established. The World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) and the European Association of Neurosurgical Societies (EANS) endorsed the consensus, and a modified Delphi approach was adopted.Results: A total of 17 statements were proposed and discussed. A consensus was reached generating 17 recommendations (16 strong and 1 weak).Conclusions: This consensus provides practical recommendations to support a clinician's decision making in the management of tSCI polytrauma patients.
|
|
| 36. |
- Pinches, S. D., et al.
(författare)
-
Implementation of plasma simulators and plasma reconstruction workflows in ITER’s Integrated Modelling & Analysis Suite (IMAS)
- 2017
-
Ingår i: 44th EPS Conference on Plasma Physics, EPS 2017. - : European Physical Society (EPS).
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- IMAS has been installed within the majority of the ITER Members and is being used to support ITPA activities including code benchmarking and validation. Sophisticated workflows, such as Plasma Simulators and those describing H&CD systems, have been adapted to IMAS and applied to ITER scenarios. The framework is considered sufficiently flexible to handle all foreseen approaches to the integrated (probabilistic) determination of measurement parameters (and their errors). The inclusion of UDA within the IMAS data Access Layer has allowed the fetching of IDSs directly from experimental databases and the demonstration of the first plasma reconstruction chain. An interactive Live Display in which signals are selected through a web interface has also been demonstrated.
|
|
| 37. |
- Ukleev, V., et al.
(författare)
-
X-ray scattering characterization of iron oxide nanoparticles Langmuir film on water surface and on a solid substrate
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Thin Solid Films. - : Elsevier BV. - 0040-6090 .- 1879-2731. ; 616, s. 43-47
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present study we compare a structure of a Langmuir film assembled from magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles on water surface and a structure of the same film after its transfer to a solid substrate by the Langmuir-Schaefer method. In contrast to most of related studies, where different techniques are used to characterize the films before and after the deposition, we use the same combination of X-ray reflectometry and Grazing Incidence Small-Angle X-ray scattering. In both cases - on a liquid and on a solid substrate - the film was identified as a well-ordered monolayer of the nanoparticles laterally organized in a two-dimensional hexagonal lattice. However parameters of the lattice were found to be slightly different depending on the type of the substrate. It is also demonstrated that Langmuir-Schaefer technique is the right way for deposition of such kind of the particles on a solid substrate.
|
|
| 38. |
- Vorobiev, Alexey, et al.
(författare)
-
Substantial Difference in Ordering of 10, 15, and 20 nm Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on a Water Surface : In Situ Characterization by the Grazing Incidence X-ray Scattering
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 31:42, s. 11639-11648
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present study, for the first time, a unique combination of in situ grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering and X-ray reflectivity, accompanied by the pressure area isotherm analysis, Brewster angle microscopy, and ex situ scanning electron microscopy, was applied for investigation of two-dimensional superlattices of magnetic nanoparticles as they form on a water surface in a Langmuir trough. Iron oxide particles of different sizes stabilized with a single layer of oleic acid were used. It is demonstrated that monodisperse 10 nm particles on a water surface reproducibly form identical highly ordered monolayers in a wide range of experimental conditions, while monodisperse 20 nm particles always form compact three-dimensional clusters and never the monolayers. Monodisperse particles of an intermediate size, 15 um in diameter, build a metastable monolayer, which shows a tendency for spontaneous transformation to bi-, tri-, and multilayer islands. The importance to use both grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering and X-ray reflectivity together with the complementary techniques, to avoid misinterpretation of separate experimental data sets, is underlined.
|
|
| 39. |
- Åkesson, Torsten, et al.
(författare)
-
ATLAS Transition Radiation Tracker test-beam results
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002. ; 522:1-2, s. 50-55
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several prototypes of the Transition Radiation Tracker for the ATLAS experiment at the LHC have been built and tested at the CERN SPS accelerator. Results from detailed studies of the straw-tube hit registration efficiency and drift-time measurements and of the pion and electron spectra without and with radiators are presented.
|
|
| 40. |
- Åkesson, Torsten, et al.
(författare)
-
Status of design and construction of the Transition Radiation Tracker (TRT) for the ATLAS experiment at the LHC
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5087 .- 0168-9002. ; 522:1-2, s. 131-145
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ATLAS Inner Detector consists of three sub-systems, the Pixel Detector at the innermost radius, the Semi-Conductor Tracker at intermediate radii, and the Transition Radiation Tracker (TRT) at the outermost radius in front of the electromagnetic calorimeter. The TRT provides a combination of continuous tracking with many projective measurements based on individual drift-tubes (or straws) and of electron identification based on radiator fibres or foils interleaved between the straws themselves. This paper describes the current status of design and construction of the various components of the TRT: the assembly of the barrel modules has recently been completed, that of the end-cap wheels is well underway, and the on-detector front-end electronics is in production. The detector modules and front-end electronics boards will be integrated together over the next year, the barrel and end-cap TRT parts will be assembled and tested with their SCT counterparts during 2005 and installation and commissioning in the ATLAS pit will take place at the end of 2005 and the beginning of 2006. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 41. |
- Åkesson, Torsten, et al.
(författare)
-
Tracking performance of the transition radiation tracker prototype for the ATLAS experiment
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - 0167-5087. ; 485:3, s. 298-310
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A prototype of the Transition Radiation Tracker (TRT) for the ATLAS experiment at the CERN LHC has been built and tested at the CERN SPS. Detailed studies of the drift-time measurements, alignment technique, hit registration efficiency, track and momentum accuracy were performed. A coordinate measurement accuracy of 150 Pin for a single TRT drift tube and momentum resolution of 0.8% for 20 GeV pions in a 1.56 T magnetic field were achieved. The results obtained are in agreement with the expected tracking performance of the ATLAS TRT. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.
|
|
