| 1. |
- Koonjaenak, S., et al.
(författare)
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Seasonal variation in nuclear DNA integrity of frozen-thawed spermatozoa from Thai AI swamp buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Veterinary Medicine A. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0931-184X .- 1439-0442. ; 54:7, s. 377-383
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we investigated the susceptibility of frozen-thawed swamp buffalo sperm nuclear DNA to undergo controlled acid-induced denaturation in situ, as analysed by flow cytometry, and aimed to correlate the results with sperm head morphology over three seasons in tropical Thailand. Artificial insemination (AI) doses (n = 218) from 18 AI buffalo sires, prepared between 1980 and 1989 and 2003 and 2005, were tested and compared among three seasons, the rainy season, July-October; winter, November-February; and summer , March-June. The overall mean of DNA fragmentation index (DFI) (+/- SD) was 1.84 +/- 1.68%, range from 0.19 to 7.92%, with 0.221 +/- 0.021 of the x-DFI ranging from 0.190 to 0.350 and 0.023 +/- 0.009 of the SD-DFI ranging from 0.010 to 0.070. The DFI was consistently low (range 1.40 +/- 0.21% to 2.16 +/- 0.21%; LSM +/- SEM), with x-DFI ranging from 0.216 +/- 0.003 to 0.225 +/- 0.003 and SD-DFI ranging from 0.022 +/- 0.001 to 0.024 +/- 0.001 across the seasons. The DFI was low enough to be related to high fertility potential. However, DFI values varied statistically among seasons, being lower in the rainy season (1.40 +/- 0.21%, P less than 0.05) than in winter (2.16 +/- 0.21%) or summer (2.00 +/- 0.20%), and were also affected by the year of semen collection and processing (P less than 0.001). The proportion of morphologically abnormal sperm head shapes was low, with no significant differences between seasons. However, DFI was significantly related to the proportion of loose abnormal sperm heads (r = 0.27, P less than 0.01). In conclusion, frozen-thawed swamp buffalo sperm chromatin integrity is not seriously damaged by cryo-preservation or affected by the seasonal variations in temperature and humidity seen in tropical Thailand.
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| 2. |
- Koonjaenak, S., et al.
(författare)
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Seasonality affects post-thaw plasma membrane intactness and sperm velocities in spermatozoa from Thai AI swamp buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)
- 2007
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Ingår i: Theriogenology. - : Elsevier. - 0093-691X .- 1879-3231. ; 67:9, s. 1424-1435
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Altogether 218 frozen semen Al doses, prepared between 1980 and 1989 and also between 2003 and 2005 from 18 Al Thai swamp buffalo sires, were examined to determine whether seasonality affects post-thaw viability, as plasma membrane integrity (PMI, using SYBR-14/PI), plasma membrane stability (PMS, using Annexin-V/PI), or motility (Mot, using CASA). A thermoresistance test (38 degrees C for 60 min) was used to further analyze sperm survivability in vitro. All variables were compared over 3 seasons of the year (rainy: July-October; winter: November-February; and summer: March-June), with distinct ambient temperature and humidity. PMI (% of alive spermatozoa) was higher in winter (54.6%, P less than 0.001) than in the rainy (43.5%) or summer (46.7%) seasons. Outcomes of PMS (Annexin-V/PI assay) confirmed those of PMI, the highest PMS in spermatozoa processed in winter (55.7%, P less than 0.001). Spermatozoa depicting linear Mot post-thaw ranged from 48.2% to 48.8% across seasons (ns), proportions that decreased during incubation (33.5-37.9%), albeit without seasonal differences. The mean percentages of straight linear velocity (VSL), average path velocity (VAP), or curvilinear velocity (VCL) were higher (P less than 0.05-0.001) in the rainy season than in winter or summer, while average lateral head displacement (ALH) was higher (P less than 0.05) in summer, differences maintained after incubation. In conclusion, post-thaw PMS and PMI, assessed by flow cytometry, were significantly better in sperm samples processed during winter than in samples processed during the other seasons of the year, a seasonal difference not picked up by CASA, probably due to the larger number of spermatozoa assessed. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Koonjaenak, S., et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of semen quality in Swamp Buffalo AI Bulls in Thailand
- 2007
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Ingår i: Italian Journal of Animal Science. - : PAGEpress / PAGEPress Publications. - 1594-4077 .- 1828-051X. ; 6, s. 701-704
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Characteristic of Thai swamp buffalo bulls semen used for artificial insemination (AI) in Thailand, aspects relevance in freezing and thawing of semen are review. Semen and sperm characteristics were evaluated included sperm count, motility (assessed subjectively and by CASA), morphology (using phase-contrast light microscopy and SEM), plasma membrane integrity (PMI) (using a hypo-osmotic swelling test [HOST]) and SYBR-14/propidium iodide [PI]), plasma membrane stability (PMS) (using Annexin-V/PI) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) integrity (using SCSA and flow cytometry [FCM]). The average ejaculate volume was about 3.0-4.0 mL, with good viability (PMI measured by the HOST) and motility (greater than65% and greater than70%, respectively). Sperm concentration ranged from 1.1 to 1.2 billion/mL, being also affected by bull age. Whereas semen quality (including sperm output, pH and initial sperm motility) did not differ between the seasons. Few spermatozoa (less than15%/ejaculate) had abnormal morphology with abnormalities resembling those in other bovidae. In FT semen, PMI (using SYBR-14/PI) and PMS were highest in winter. Across seasons, similar to 50% of post-thaw spermatozoa depicted linear motility, a proportion that decreased to similar to 35% during incubation (38 degrees C for 60 minutes), without marking any seasonal difference. The sperm DNA was hardly damaged (with less than3% fragmentation, expressed as DNA fragmentation index [DFI]), among seasons.
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| 4. |
- Koonjaenak, S., et al.
(författare)
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Morphological features of spermatozoa of swamp buffalo ai bulls, inThailand
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Veterinary Medicine A. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0931-184X .- 1439-0442. ; 54:4, s. 169-178
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The appearance and incidence of sperm abnormalities was studied in 115 ejaculates, collected periodically over I year covering all seasons from five mature, healthy swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) bulls reared under tropical conditions and serving as the current source of semen for artificial insemination (Al) in Thailand. Light microscopy of stained smears was used to investigate sperm head shape morphology, while unstained wet smears were used to examine other sperm abnormalities. The most commonly found morphological aberrations were pear-shaped spermatozoa, knobbed acrosomes, proximal cytoplasmic droplets, simple bent tails and coiled tails under the head, whose ultrastructure (scanning electron microscopy) corresponded to what has been found in other species of bovidae, including varieties of buffalo. The mean prevalence (as least squares mean SEM) of sperm abnormalities was low (below 15%), corresponding to healthy spermiograms. The younger bulls (less than 10 years old, n = 3) had less abnormalities than the older ones (10.1 +/- 0.6% versus 14.1 +/- 0.8%, P less than 0.001, n = 2), including abnormalities of sperm head shape (1.1 +/- 0.3% versus 3.6 +/- 0.3, P less than 0.001), acrosome defects with knobbed acrosomes (1.1 +/- 0.2% versus 1.2 +/- 0.3%, P less than 0.001), spermatozoa with proximal cytoplasmic droplets (2.7 +/- 0.1 % versus 1.4 +/- 0.2%, P less than 0.00 1), defective mid-pieces (0.2 +/- 0.1% versus 0.3 +/- 0.1%) and abnormal sperm tails (3.1 +/- 0.3% versus 5.7 +/- 0.4%, P less than 0.001). The within-bull effect of the year solely affected the incidence of pear-shaped spermatozoa while the incidences of abnormal contour, variable size of sperm head shapes, abnormal mid-piece and simple bent tail among bulls were affected by ejaculate (week of collection). Interaction between age and ejaculate affected only the prevalence of spermatozoa with proximal cytoplasmic droplets. In conclusion, the types of defects encountered were similar to those found in other bovidae, with a very low prevalence over the year the Al sires were followed through.
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