| 1. |
- Barbateskovic, Marija, et al.
(författare)
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A new tool to assess Clinical Diversity In Meta-analyses (CDIM) of interventions
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0895-4356 .- 1878-5921. ; 135, s. 29-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To develop and validate Clinical Diversity In Meta-analyses (CDIM), a new tool for assessing clinical diversity between trials in meta-analyses of interventions. Study design and setting: The development of CDIM was based on consensus work informed by empirical literature and expertise. We drafted the CDIM tool, refined it, and validated CDIM for interrater scale reliability and agreement in three groups. Results: CDIM measures clinical diversity on a scale that includes four domains with 11 items overall: setting (time of conduct/country development status/units type); population (age, sex, patient inclusion criteria/baseline disease severity, comorbidities); interventions (intervention intensity/strength/duration of intervention, timing, control intervention, cointerventions); and outcome (definition of outcome, timing of outcome assessment). The CDIM is completed in two steps: first two authors independently assess clinical diversity in the four domains. Second, after agreeing upon scores of individual items a consensus score is achieved. Interrater scale reliability and agreement ranged from moderate to almost perfect depending on the type of raters. Conclusion: CDIM is the first tool developed for assessing clinical diversity in meta-analyses of interventions. We found CDIM to be a reliable tool for assessing clinical diversity among trials in meta-analysis.
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| 2. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Northcott, Paul A, et al.
(författare)
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Enhancer hijacking activates GFI1 family oncogenes in medulloblastoma.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 511:7510, s. 428-428
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Medulloblastoma is a highly malignant paediatric brain tumour currently treated with a combination of surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, posing a considerable burden of toxicity to the developing child. Genomics has illuminated the extensive intertumoral heterogeneity of medulloblastoma, identifying four distinct molecular subgroups. Group 3 and group 4 subgroup medulloblastomas account for most paediatric cases; yet, oncogenic drivers for these subtypes remain largely unidentified. Here we describe a series of prevalent, highly disparate genomic structural variants, restricted to groups 3 and 4, resulting in specific and mutually exclusive activation of the growth factor independent 1 family proto-oncogenes, GFI1 and GFI1B. Somatic structural variants juxtapose GFI1 or GFI1B coding sequences proximal to active enhancer elements, including super-enhancers, instigating oncogenic activity. Our results, supported by evidence from mouse models, identify GFI1 and GFI1B as prominent medulloblastoma oncogenes and implicate 'enhancer hijacking' as an efficient mechanism driving oncogene activation in a childhood cancer.
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| 4. |
- Blodgett, Joanna M., et al.
(författare)
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Device-measured physical activity and cardiometabolic health : the Prospective Physical Activity, Sitting, and Sleep (ProPASS) consortium
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Aims: Physical inactivity, sedentary behaviour (SB), and inadequate sleep are key behavioural risk factors of cardiometabolic diseases. Each behaviour is mainly considered in isolation, despite clear behavioural and biological interdependencies. The aim of this study was to investigate associations of five-part movement compositions with adiposity and cardiometabolic biomarkers.Methods: Cross-sectional data from six studies (n = 15 253 participants; five countries) from the Prospective Physical Activity, Sitting and Sleep consortium were analysed. Device-measured time spent in sleep, SB, standing, light-intensity physical activity (LIPA), and moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) made up the composition. Outcomes included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, HDL cholesterol, total:HDL cholesterol ratio, triglycerides, and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Compositional linear regression examined associations between compositions and outcomes, including modelling time reallocation between behaviours.Results: The average daily composition of the sample (age: 53.7 ± 9.7 years; 54.7% female) was 7.7 h sleeping, 10.4 h sedentary, 3.1 h standing, 1.5 h LIPA, and 1.3 h MVPA. A greater MVPA proportion and smaller SB proportion were associated with better outcomes. Reallocating time from SB, standing, LIPA, or sleep into MVPA resulted in better scores across all outcomes. For example, replacing 30 min of SB, sleep, standing, or LIPA with MVPA was associated with −0.63 (95% confidence interval −0.48, −0.79), −0.43 (−0.25, −0.59), −0.40 (−0.25, −0.56), and −0.15 (0.05, −0.34) kg/m2 lower BMI, respectively. Greater relative standing time was beneficial, whereas sleep had a detrimental association when replacing LIPA/MVPA and positive association when replacing SB. The minimal displacement of any behaviour into MVPA for improved cardiometabolic health ranged from 3.8 (HbA1c) to 12.7 (triglycerides) min/day.Conclusions: Compositional data analyses revealed a distinct hierarchy of behaviours. Moderate-vigorous physical activity demonstrated the strongest, most time-efficient protective associations with cardiometabolic outcomes. Theoretical benefits from reallocating SB into sleep, standing, or LIPA required substantial changes in daily activity.
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| 5. |
- Boer, Christa, et al.
(författare)
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2017 EACTS/EACTA Guidelines on patient blood management for adult cardiac surgery.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-8422 .- 1053-0770. ; 32:1, s. 88-120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Authors/Task Force Members: Christa Boer (EACTA Chairperson)(Netherlands), Michael I. Meesters (Netherlands), Milan Milojevic (Netherlands), Umberto Benedetto (UK), Daniel Bolliger (Switzerland), Christian von Heymann (Germany), Anders Jeppsson (Sweden), Andreas Koster (Germany), Ruben L. Osnabrugge (Netherlands), Marco Ranucci (Italy), Hanne Berg Ravn (Denmark), Alexander B.A. Vonk (Netherlands), Alexander Wahba (Norway), Domenico Pagano (EACTS Chairperson)(UK), Document Reviewers: Moritz W.V. Wyler von Ballmoos (USA), Mate Petricevic (Croatia), Arie Pieter Kappetein (Netherlands), Miguel Sousa-Uva (Portugal), Georg Trummer (Germany), Peter M. Rosseel (Netherlands), Michael Sander (Germany), Pascal Colson (France), Adrian Bauer (Germany).
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| 6. |
- Grabenbauer, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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Correlative microscopy and electron tomography of GFP through photooxidation.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Nature methods. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1548-7091 .- 1548-7105. ; 2:11, s. 857-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have developed a simple correlative photooxidation method that allows for the direct ultrastructural visualization of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) upon illumination. The method, termed GRAB for GFP recognition after bleaching, uses oxygen radicals generated during the GFP bleaching process to photooxidize 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB) into an electron-dense precipitate that can be visualized by routine electron microscopy and electron tomography. The amount of DAB product produced by the GRAB method appears to be linear with the initial fluorescence, and the resulting images are of sufficient quality to reveal detailed spatial information. This is exemplified by the observed intra-Golgi stack and intracisternal distribution of a human Golgi resident glycosylation enzyme, N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-2 fused either to enhanced GFP or CFP.
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| 7. |
- Kniepert, Juliane, et al.
(författare)
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Reliability of charge carrier recombination data determined with charge extraction methods
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AMER INST PHYSICS. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 126:20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Charge extraction methods are popular for measuring the charge carrier density in thin film organic solar cells and to draw conclusions about the order and coefficient of nongeminate charge recombination. However, results from such studies may be falsified by inhomogeneous steady state carrier profiles or surface recombination. Here, we present a detailed drift-diffusion study of two charge extraction methods, bias-assisted charge extraction (BACE) and time-delayed collection field (TDCF). Simulations are performed over a wide range of the relevant parameters. Our simulations reveal that both charge extraction methods provide reliable information about the recombination order and coefficient if the measurements are performed under appropriate conditions. However, results from BACE measurements may be easily affected by surface recombination, in particular for small active layer thicknesses and low illumination densities. TDCF, on the other hand, is more robust against surface recombination due to its transient nature but also because it allows for a homogeneous high carrier density to be inserted into the active layer. Therefore, TDCF is capable to provide meaningful information on the order and coefficient of recombination even if the model conditions are not exactly fulfilled. We demonstrate this for an only 100 nm thick layer of a highly efficient nonfullerene acceptor (NFA) blend, comprising the donor polymer PM6 and the NFA Y6. TDCF measurements were performed as a function of delay time for different laser fluences and bias conditions. The full set of data could be consistently fitted by a strict second order recombination process, with a bias- and fluence-independent bimolecular recombination coefficient k(2) = 1.7 x 10(-17)m(3) s(-1). BACE measurements performed on the very same layer yielded the identical result, despite the very different excitation conditions. This proves that recombination in this blend is mostly through processes in the bulk and that surface recombination is of minor importance despite the small active layer thickness. Published under license by AIP Publishing.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Stamatakis, Emmanuel, et al.
(författare)
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A Physical Behaviour Partnership From Heaven : The Prospective Physical Activity, Sitting, and Sleep Consortium and the International Society for the Measurement of Physical Behaviour
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal for the Measurement of Physical Behaviour. - : Human Kinetics. - 2575-6605 .- 2575-6613. ; , s. 1-3
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The advancement of science demands people and organizations work together toward worthy goals, a need that is especially pronounced in nascent fields like physical behavior. Partnerships offer an ideal vehicle for long-term collaboration to build research capacity, develop new scientific endeavors, and nurture talent. In this commentary, we discuss the newly formed partnership between two key players of the field of physical behavior, the Prospective Physical Activity, Sitting, and Sleep consortium (ProPASS) and the International Society for the Measurement of Physical Behaviour (ISMPB).
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| 10. |
- Stamatakis, Emmanuel, et al.
(författare)
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Emerging collaborative research platforms for the next generation of physical activity, sleep and exercise medicine guidelines : the Prospective Physical Activity, Sitting, and Sleep consortium (ProPASS)
- 2020
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Ingår i: British Journal of Sports Medicine. - : BMJ. - 0306-3674 .- 1473-0480. ; 54:8, s. 435-437
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Galileo Galilei’s quote ‘measure what is measurable, and make measurable what is not so’ has particular relevance to health behaviours, such as physical activity (PA), sitting and sleep, whose measurement during free living is notoriously difficult. To date, much of what we know about how these behaviours affect our health is based on self-report by questionnaires which have limited validity, are prone to bias and inquire about selective aspects of these behaviours. Although self-reported evidence has made great contributions to shaping public health and exercise medicine policy and guidelines until now,1 the ongoing advancements of accelerometry-based measurement and evidence synthesis methods are set to change the landscape. The aim of this editorial is to outline new directions in PA and sleep-related epidemiology that open new horizons for guideline development and improvement; and to describe a new research collaboration platform: the Prospective Physical Activity, Sitting, and Sleep consortium (ProPASS).
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| 11. |
- Tremblay, Mark S, et al.
(författare)
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Sedentary Behavior Research Network (SBRN) - Terminology Consensus Project process and outcome.
- 2017
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Ingår i: The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1479-5868. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The prominence of sedentary behavior research in health science has grown rapidly. With this growth there is increasing urgency for clear, common and accepted terminology and definitions. Such standardization is difficult to achieve, especially across multi-disciplinary researchers, practitioners, and industries. The Sedentary Behavior Research Network (SBRN) undertook a Terminology Consensus Project to address this need.First, a literature review was completed to identify key terms in sedentary behavior research. These key terms were then reviewed and modified by a Steering Committee formed by SBRN. Next, SBRN members were invited to contribute to this project and interested participants reviewed and provided feedback on the proposed list of terms and draft definitions through an online survey. Finally, a conceptual model and consensus definitions (including caveats and examples for all age groups and functional abilities) were finalized based on the feedback received from the 87 SBRN member participants who responded to the original invitation and survey.Consensus definitions for the terms physical inactivity, stationary behavior, sedentary behavior, standing, screen time, non-screen-based sedentary time, sitting, reclining, lying, sedentary behavior pattern, as well as how the terms bouts, breaks, and interruptions should be used in this context are provided.It is hoped that the definitions resulting from this comprehensive, transparent, and broad-based participatory process will result in standardized terminology that is widely supported and adopted, thereby advancing future research, interventions, policies, and practices related to sedentary behaviors.
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| 12. |
- Zijlstra, Jolande A, et al.
(författare)
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Different defibrillation strategies in survivors after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Heart. - : BMJ. - 1355-6037 .- 1468-201X. ; 104:23, s. 1929-1936
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: In the last decade, there has been a rapid increase in the dissemination of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) for prehospital defibrillation of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. The aim of this study was to study the association between different defibrillation strategies on survival rates over time in Copenhagen, Stockholm, Western Sweden and Amsterdam, and the hypothesis was that non-EMS defibrillation increased over time and was associated with increased survival.METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of four prospectively collected cohorts of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients between 2008 and 2013. Emergency medical service (EMS)-witnessed arrests were excluded.RESULTS: A total of 22 453 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with known survival status were identified, of whom 2957 (13%) survived at least 30 days postresuscitation. Of all survivors with a known defibrillation status, 2289 (81%) were defibrillated, 1349 (59%) were defibrillated by EMS, 454 (20%) were defibrillated by a first responder AED and 429 (19%) were defibrillated by an onsite AED and 57 (2%) were unknown. The percentage of survivors defibrillated by first responder AEDs (from 13% in 2008 to 26% in 2013, p<0.001 for trend) and onsite AEDs (from 14% in 2008 to 30% in 2013, p<0.001 for trend) increased. The increased use of these non-EMS AEDs was associated with the increase in survival rate of patients with a shockable initial rhythm.CONCLUSION: Survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest are increasingly defibrillated by non-EMS AEDs. This increase is primarily due to a large increase in the use of onsite AEDs as well as an increase in first-responder defibrillation over time. Non-EMS defibrillation accounted for at least part of the increase in survival rate of patients with a shockable initial rhythm.
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