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1.
  • Malinowsky, Camilla, et al. (författare)
  • Differences in the use of everyday technology among persons with MCI, SCI and older adults without known cognitive impairment
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: International psychogeriatrics. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1041-6102 .- 1741-203X. ; 29:7, s. 1193-1200
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: To use valid subjective reports sensible to cognitive decline is vital to identify very early signs of dementia development. Use of everyday technology (ET) has been shown to be sensitive to differentiate adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from controls, but the group with subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) has not yet been examined. This study aims to investigate and compare self-perceived ability in ET use and number of ETs reported as actually used in a sample of older adults with SCI, MCI, and older adults with no known cognitive impairment, i.e. controls.Methods: Older adults with MCI (n = 29), SCI ( n = 26), and controls (n = 30) were interviewed with the short version of the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (S-ETUQ) to capture self-perceived ability in ET use and number of ETs used. To generate individual measures of ability to use ET, Rasch analysis was used. The measures were then compared group-wise using ANCOVA. The numbers of ETs used were compared group-wise with ANOVA.Results: Controls versus SCI and MCI differed significantly regarding ETs reported as used, but not SCI versus MCI. Similarly, in ability to use ET, controls versus SCI and MCI differed significantly but not SCI versus MCI.Conclusions: The significantly lower numbers of ETs reported as actually used and the lower ability in SCI and MCI groups compared to controls suggest that ET use is affected already in very minor cognitive decline. This indicates that self-reported ET use based on the S-ETUQ is sensitive to detect changes already in SCI.
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  • Asaba, Eric, et al. (författare)
  • Integrating Occupational Therapy Specific Assessments in Practice : Exploring Practitioner Experiences
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Occupational Therapy International. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 0966-7903 .- 1557-0703. ; 2017
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background. Occupational therapists sometimes find it challenging to integrate client-centered and occupational therapy specific assessments in practice. The aim of this study was to explore the use of occupational therapy specific assessments such as the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS) among occupational therapists in Sweden and Japan. Methods. Interviews and qualitative thematic analyses were utilized. Findings. Four themes are reported: (1) use it or lose it, (2) simply no space until after hours, (3) biggest barriers can be colleagues, and (4) being more specific: communication. Conclusion. In keeping with previous studies, occupational therapists often find it challenging to implement client-centered and occupation-based assessment tools into practice. However, more work is needed to understand how best practices can be incorporated into a changing occupational therapy daily practice.
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4.
  • Awad, Eman, et al. (författare)
  • Developing and evaluating non-invasive healthcare technologies for a group of female participants from a socioeconomically disadvantaged area
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 11:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • When compared to the general population, socioeconomically disadvantaged communitiesfrequently experience compromised health. Monitoring the divide is challenging since standardizedbiomedical tests are linguistically and culturally inappropriate. The aim of this study was to developand test a unique mobile biomedical testbed based on non-invasive analysis, as well as to explorethe relationships between the objective health measures and subjective health outcomes, asevaluated with the World Health Organization Quality of Life survey. The testbed was evaluated in asocioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhood in Malmö, which has been listed as one of the twelvemost vulnerable districts in Sweden. The study revealed that compared to conventional protocolsthe less intrusive biomedical approach was highly appreciated by the participants. Surprisingly, thecollected biomedical data illustrated that the apparent health of the participants from the ethnicallydiverse low-income neighborhood was comparable to the general Swedish population. Statisticallysignificant correlations between perceived health and biomedical data were disclosed, even thoughthe dependences found were complex, and recognition of the manifest complexity needs to beincluded in further research. Our results validate the potential of non-invasive technologies incombination with advanced statistical analysis, especially when combined with linguistically andculturally appropriate healthcare methodologies, allowing participants to appreciate the significanceof the different parameters to evaluate and monitor aspects of health.
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  • Axelsson, Malin, 1964-, et al. (författare)
  • Translation and validation of the Swedish version of the IPECC-SET 9 item version
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Journal of Interprofessional Care. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1356-1820 .- 1469-9567. ; 36:6, s. 900-907
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Interprofessional Education (IPE) is essential to prepare future health-care professionals for collaborative practice, but IPE requires evaluation. One psychometrically sound instrument is the Interprofessional Education Collaborative Competence Self-Efficacy Tool consisting of nine items (IPECC-SET 9). This tool does not, to date, exist in a Swedish version. Therefore, the aim of this study was to translate and validate the Swedish version of the IPECC-SET 9. The English version was translated into Swedish and tested among 159 students in the 3-year Bachelor Programs in Nursing and in Biomedical Laboratory Science. The psychometric analysis was guided by a Rasch model, which showed that the items functioned well together, confirming unidimensionality, and that the person misfit was also lower than the set criterion. The separation index was 2.98, and the Rasch-equivalent Cronbach-alpha measure was estimated to .92, supporting internal consistency. No systematic differences on item level in IPECC-SET 9 further supported fairness in testing. The Swedish IPECC-SET 9 demonstrates sound psychometric properties and has the potential to be used as a measure of self-efficacy for competence in interprofessional collaborative practice among health profession students. However, the IPECC-SET 9 is recommended to be further tested in larger samples representing the entirety of health-care teams.
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  • Bergvad, I. Buset, et al. (författare)
  • Translation and validation of a norwegian version of the satisfaction measure for use in patient undergoing total joint arthroplasty
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Osteoarthritis and Cartilage. - : Elsevier. - 1063-4584 .- 1522-9653. ; 31:S1, s. S186-S186
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Purpose: Patient satisfaction is one of the key outcomes that should be included in research after join arthroplasty, as recommended by OMERACT (Outcomes Measurement in Rheumatology)This study aims to translate and evaluate measurement properties of the Satisfaction Measure for use in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA).
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8.
  • Bragstad, Line Kildal, et al. (författare)
  • Psychometric properties of a short version of Lee Fatigue Scale used as a generic PROM in persons with stroke or osteoarthritis : assessment using a Rasch analysis approach
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. - : BioMed Central. - 1477-7525. ; 18:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Fatigue is a common symptom associated with a wide range of diseases and needs to be more thoroughly studied. To minimise patient burden and to enhance response rates in research studies, patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) need to be as short as possible, without sacrificing reliability and validity. It is also important to have a generic measure that can be used for comparisons across different patient populations. Thus, the aim of this secondary analysis was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Norwegian 5-item version of the Lee Fatigue Scale (LFS) in two distinct patient populations.METHODS: The sample was obtained from two different Norwegian studies and included patients 4-6 weeks after stroke (n = 322) and patients with osteoarthritis on a waiting list for total knee arthroplasty (n = 203). Fatigue severity was rated by five items from the Norwegian version of the LFS, rating each item on a numeric rating scale from 1 to 10. Rasch analysis was used to evaluate the psychometric properties of the 5-item scale across the two patient samples.RESULTS: Three of the five LFS items ("tired", "fatigued" and "worn out") showed acceptable internal scale validity as they met the set criterion for goodness-of-fit after removal of two items with unacceptable goodness-of-fit to the Rasch model. The 3-item LFS explained 81.6% of the variance, demonstrated acceptable unidimensionality, could separate the fatigue responses into three distinct severity groups and had no differential functioning with regard to disease group. The 3-item version of the LFS had a higher separation index and better internal consistency reliability than the 5-item version.CONCLUSIONS: A 3-item version of the LFS demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties in two distinct samples of patients, suggesting it may be useful as a brief generic measure of fatigue severity.TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02338869; registered 10/04/2014 (stroke study).
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  • Cirovic, Stefan (författare)
  • Non-invasive biomedical analysis : recent advances, challenges, and future perspectives
  • 2024
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Non-invasive healthcare technologies are increasingly pivotal in research anddevelopment due to their affordability and the convenience they offer to bothhealthcare recipients and providers. Alongside traditional non-invasive methodssuch as ultrasound imaging, a variety of innovative non-invasive devices havebeen developed. These include cardiovascular diagnostic systems, bioimpedancebasedscales, and various types of analyzers. These analyzers, which can be fluidlessor fluid-based, are capable of measuring not just physical parameters of thebody but also key biomarkers like glucose and lactate. This comprehensive andtransdisciplinary thesis encompasses three distinct yet interconnected segments:1) Advanced ultrasound imaging (Papers I and II): The first explored vortexformation time in female athletes and the second detailed investigations of thesuperficial venous systems of apparently healthy volunteers.2) Validation and application of commercially available fluid-less bloodanalyzers (Papers IV-VI). These papers focus on non-invasive blood glucosemonitoring (Paper IV) and the general use of non-invasive healthcaretechnologies among female participants from socioeconomicallydisadvantaged areas (Papers V and VI).3) Design and testing of novel, fluid-based sensors, and biosensors (Papers II andIII): Paper II delves into biosensing of viruses, and paper III deals withcontinuous ex vivo glucose sensing in human blood using an enzymatic sensorin a vein replica.Each of these segments contribute to the broader understanding and advancementof non-invasive healthcare technologies, highlighting the significant role suchtechnologies play in modern healthcare research. The thesis's transdisciplinaryapproach, spanning from advanced imaging techniques to the development ofnovel biosensors, exemplifies the dynamic and evolving nature of medicaltechnology research.
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  • Eriksson, Gunilla, et al. (författare)
  • A cross-diagnostic validation of an instrument measuring participation in everyday occupations : The Occupational Gaps Questionnaire (OGQ)
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 20:2, s. 152-160
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of this study was to validate the Occupational Gaps Questionnaire (OGQ) when used in samples of people with acquired brain injuries (ABI), stroke, stress-related disorders, concussion, and persons receiving rehabilitation after ABI to investigate whether the OGQ could be used as a generic scale. A total of 601 individuals answered the OGQ at various time points after illness/injury. A Rasch analysis was performed on the data to evaluate evidence of internal scale validity and person response validity, and the capability of the OGQ to separate people into different levels of participation in everyday occupations. The results provided evidence that the OGQ is a valid measure across different diagnostic groups. A generic version of the OGQ can separate at least two levels of perceived occupational gaps and is therefore recommended as a screening tool to be used by occupational therapists working with different diagnostic groups.
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  • Eriksson, Gunilla, et al. (författare)
  • Relationship between occupational gaps in everyday life, depressive mood and life satisfaction after acquired brain injury
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 41:3, s. 187-194
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective: To explore the relationship between occupational gaps, depressive mood and life satisfaction in persons who have acquired a brain injury during the past 1-4 years and to test the Occupational Gaps Questionnaire. Design: A cross-sectional study. Subjects: A total of 116 persons with traumatic brain injury or subarachnoid haemorrhage acquired 1-4 years previously. Methods: A postal survey with questions on occupational gaps, focusing on the domains instrumental activities of daily living, social life, leisure and work (Occupational Gaps Questionnaire), life satisfaction (LiSat-11 checklist) and depressive mood (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). Rasch analyses and principal component analyses were performed to ensure that data from the LiSat-11 and Occupational Gaps Questionnaire could be used subsequently as valid unidimensional measures in regression and correlational analyses. Results: Calibration of the Occupational Gaps Questionnaire and the LiSat-11 revealed that the items and persons demonstrated acceptable goodness-of-fit to the Rasch models respectively, supporting internal scale validity and person-response validity. In addition, principal component analyses revealed that the measures could be used as valid uni-dimensional estimations of occupational gaps and life satisfaction. There was a strong relationship between the extent of occupational gaps and perceived life satisfaction, a weaker relationship with depressive mood and a non-significant relationship with the aetiological diagnoses and life satisfaction. The factors explained 32% (occupational gaps), 6% (depressive mood), and 2% (diagnosis), respectively, of the total explained variance (40%). Conclusion: There was a strong correlation between participation in desired everyday occupations and life satisfaction 1-4 years after an acquired brain injury. This indicates that individually perceived occupational gaps, as recorded by the for tailored interventions in order to improve life satisfaction among clients with acquired brain injuries.
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  • Fallahpour, Mandana, et al. (författare)
  • Participation after acquired brain injury : Associations with everyday technology and activities in daily life
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 22:5, s. 366-376
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: The development of the information society has led to increased use of everyday technology and changed theconditions for participation. Enabling participation in everyday life situations is an important rehabilitation goal after acquiredbrain injury (ABI). Identifying factors associated with individuals’ experienced participation and problems therein is thereforeessential. Objective: This study aimed at exploring the relationship between perceived difficulty in everyday technology use,perceived ability in the activities of daily living (ADL), and perceived participation, and participation problems in persons withABI. Methods: Eighty-one persons with ABI participated in the study and were assessed by the Impact on Participation andAutonomy questionnaire, the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire, and the ADL taxonomy. Results: Findings showed thatthe combined model of difficulty in everyday technology (ET) use, ADL ability, and the interaction between them explainedboth participation in various domains of everyday life, and also overall level of perceived participation and the perceivedproblems. Conclusions: The findings underscore the importance of evaluating individuals’ ability in both ET use and ADL afterABI to increase the probability of explaining these persons’ participation in desired everyday life situations and, also, forrehabilitation design.
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  • Fallahpour, Mandana, et al. (författare)
  • Percieved difficulty in use of everyday technology in persons with aquired brain injury of different severity : a comparison with controls
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 46:7, s. 635-641
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective: To compare the perceived difficulty in use of everyday technology in persons with acquired brain injury with different levels of severity of disability with that of controls.Methods: This comparison study recruited 2 samples of persons with acquired brain injury and controls, comprising a total of 161 participants, age range 18-64 years. The long and short versions of the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire and the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale were used to evaluate participants.Results: Persons with acquired brain injury demonstrated lower mean levels of perceived ability in use of everyday technology than controls (F=21.84, degrees of freedom =1, p<0.001). Further analysis showed a statistically significant mean difference in perceived difficulty in use of everyday technology between persons with severe disability and good recovery, between persons with severe disability and controls, and between persons with moderate disability and controls. No significant mean difference was found between persons with severe disability and moderate disability, between persons with moderate disability and good recovery, and between persons with good recovery and controls.Conclusion: Perceived difficulty in using everyday technology is significantly increased among persons with acquired brain injury with severe to moderate disability compared with controls. Rehabilitation services should consider the use of everyday technology in order to increase participation in everyday activities after acquired brain injury.
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  • Fisher, Anne G., et al. (författare)
  • Evaluating domains of everyday functioning in people with developmental disabilities
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 24:1, s. 1-9
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective: To examine the relationship among (a) quality of activities of daily living (ADL) task performance, (b) quality of social interaction, and (c) the extent of discrepancy between the person's and the occupational therapist's perspectives; and explore patterns of strengths and challenges among people with developmental disabilities (DD). Methods: Fifty-eight adults with different types of DD, living in northern Sweden, were evaluated using the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS), the Evaluation of Social Interaction (ESI) and the Assessment of Compared Qualities -Occupational Performance (ACQ-OP) and Assessment of Compared Qualities -Social Interaction (ACQ-SI). The relationships among assessments were analysed using Pearson correlation analyses. Cluster analysis was used to group participants based on their evaluation results. Results The quality of ADL task performance and the quality of social interaction demonstrated weak to moderate positive relationships while the ACQ-OP and ACQ-SI demonstrated a strong positive relationship. The cluster analysis resulted in identifying three distinct groups that differed significantly from one another. Conclusion: The findings support the clinical use of multiple assessment tools, including observation and self-report, to evaluate different aspects of occupational performance. Comprehensive and relevant evaluation supports collaborative goal setting and intervention planning.
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  • Forsström, David, et al. (författare)
  • Further Exploration of the Psychometric Properties of GamTest : A Rasch Analysis
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 18:9
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • GamTest is a self-rating scale of negative consequences of gambling, included in the popular responsible gambling tool Playscan as part of an overall risk assessment and feedback feature. Two previous psychometric evaluations of this instrument yielded contradictory results: in an online high-gambling population, a five-factor model was supported and the instrument had overall good psychometric properties, but in a low-gambling population, the same factor structure was not supported. Because GamTest is used with both low- and high-gambling populations, more psychometric research is needed to fully understand how the instrument works. The current study examined, for the first time, psychometric performance among a sample of low-gambling respondents using a Rasch analysis. Results indicated that the instrument could be improved by decreasing the scale-steps and removing several problematic items demonstrating misfit. Furthermore, the findings indicated that some items functioned differently depending on gender, and that a shortened, improved nine-item version could not differentiate between different levels of risk. Our findings suggest that the instrument would arguably benefit from being adapted for use in a low-gambling population. 
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18.
  • Forsström, David, 1981-, et al. (författare)
  • Psychometric properties of the Jonsson-Abbott Scale : Rasch and confirmatory factor analyses
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-1078. ; 13
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Measuring and assessing the different aspects of gambling behavior and its consequences is crucial for planning prevention, treatment, and understanding the development of at-risk and problem gambling. Studies indicate that instruments measuring problem gambling produce different results based on the characteristics of the population assessed. To accurately measure at-risk and problem gambling behavior, especially in a low-risk population, measures must cover a wider set of dimensions than the negative consequences already manifest. The Jonsson-Abbott Scale (JAS) includes items that cover overconsumption, actions that reinforce gambling behavior, and belief in gambling fallacies, based on a three-factor structure and has previously demonstrated good psychometric properties. However, there is a need to investigate how the instrument also functions in low-risk populations. This study aims to do so using both confirmatory factor and Rasch analysis; this research included 1,413 Swedish participants who endorsed at least one JAS item. The results replicated the previous three-factor solution and indicated that the instrument had good reliability. In addition, the results demonstrated that the three factors are independent, and the overall score per factor needs to be analyzed. In summary, the JAS appears suitable for use in low-risk populations to measure various aspects of gambling behavior.
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19.
  • Fridberg, Helena, et al. (författare)
  • Development and evaluation of the measurement properties of a generic questionnaire measuring patient perceptions of person-centred care
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: BMC Health Services Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6963. ; 20:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background Implementation of person-centred care (PCC) is a challenging undertaking. Thus, a call has been issued for a robust and generic instrument to measure and enable evaluation of PCC across settings and patient groups. This study aimed to develop a generic questionnaire measuring patients' perceptions of PCC. Further aims were to evaluate its content and measurement properties using a mixed-methods approach entailing Rasch and qualitative content analyses. Methods The study was conducted in three iterative phases. Phase one included six key informants to gain a broad view of the concept. Phase two entailed a Delphi study involving two rounds with eight experts who generated ratings on relevance, readability, comprehensiveness and suggestions for revision. Data were analysed using the Item Content Validity Index in conjunction with qualitative comments to improve the questionnaire. Phase three was performed using a mixed-methods design. Quantitative data were collected from patients (n = 553) responding to the questionnaire who were recruited from six in- and outpatient care units in a health care region in Sweden. Data was analysed using the Rasch measurement model. Qualitative data were based on the respondents' free-text comments, cognitive interviews (n = 10) and field notes, and then analysed with deductive content analysis. Results A questionnaire was developed and operationalised based on the information given by key informants in phase one and then validated for its content by experts in phase two. In phase three Rasch analyses revealed problems with targeting, thresholds and two misfitting items. These problems were corroborated by data from the qualitative analyses, which also revealed some issues of wording and interpretation of items. When thresholds were resolved and two items removed, the questionnaire met the assumptions of the Rasch model. Conclusions Experts gave the questionnaire content high ratings and it met measurement requirements assumed by the Rasch model after revisions. Those problems on targeting that remain need to be addressed in future studies. Meanwhile, we regard the questionnaire as of sufficient quality to be useful in benchmarking PCC.
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  • Fritzell, Kaisa, et al. (författare)
  • Different information needs—The major reasons for calling the helpline when invited to colorectal cancer screening
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Health Expectations. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1369-6513 .- 1369-7625. ; 25:4, s. 1548-1554
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: This study pertains to the design of a decision aid (DA) to shed light on information and support needs in colorectal cancer screening, with the aim to explore the calling patterns to the Screening of Swedish Colons (SCREESCO) study's helpline.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with data from documented telephone calls to the SCREESCO study, including individuals, 59-60 years, randomized to colonoscopy or high sensitive faecal immunochemical test (FIT).Results: More than 2000 calls (women 58.5%; colonoscopy 59%) were analysed. Calling patterns: unsubscribing from screening, confirmation of participation, logistical concerns about the screening procedure, counselling, and FIT screening difficulties or in need of a new FIT test. Comorbidity was the most frequent reason for unsubscribing and most of the counselling calls included questions about the FIT test or the colonoscopy.Conclusion: Most of the calls to the helpline seemed to be related to individuals' lack of understanding about the organization of the screening programme and the screening procedure. Therefore, we find it important to further stress the tailoring part in our DA developing process, that is, provide limited information initially, with the possibility of access to more, if desired by the individual, still with respect to the individual's needs, health and digital literacy.Patient and public contribution: Individuals representing the public and invited to SCREESCO participated since we analysed their calls to the helpline. The findings will contribute to our continued work with the DA where the public will contribute and participate.
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22.
  • Fritzell, K., et al. (författare)
  • Making the BEST decision : The BESTa project development, implementation and evaluation of a digital Decision Aid in Swedish cancer screening programmes-a description of a research project
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 18:12 December
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Sweden has a long tradition of organized national population-based screening programmes. Participation rates differ between programmes and regions, being relatively high in some groups, but lower in others. To ensure an equity perspective on screening, it is desirable that individuals make an informed decision based on knowledge rather than ignorance, misconceptions, or fear. Decision Aids (DAs) are set to deliver information about different healthcare options and help individuals to visualize the values associated with each available option. DAs are not intended to guide individuals to choose one option over another. The advantage of an individual Decision Aid (iDA) is that individuals gain knowledge about cancer and screening by accessing one webpage with the possibility to communicate with health professionals and thereafter make their decision regarding participation. The objective is therefore to develop, implement and evaluate a digital iDA for individuals invited to cancer screening in Sweden. Methods This study encompasses a process-, implementation-, and outcome evaluation. Multiple methods will be applied including focus group discussions, individual interviews and the usage of the think aloud technique and self-reported questionnaire data. The project is based on The International Patient Decision Aid Standards (IPDAS) framework and the proposed model development process for DAs. Individuals aged 23 74, including women (the cervical-, breast-and CRC screening module) and men (the CRC screening module), will be included in the developmental process. Efforts will be made to recruit participants with selfreported physical and mental limitations, individuals without a permanent residence and ethnic minorities. Discussion To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first attempt aimed at developing an iDA for use in the Swedish context. The iDA is intended to facilitate shared decision making about participation in screening. Furthermore, the iDA is expected to increase knowledge and raise awareness about cancer and cancer screening.
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23.
  • Gaber, Sophie, et al. (författare)
  • Enacting citizenship through participation in a technological society : A longitudinal three-year study among people with dementia in Sweden
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Ageing & Society. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0144-686X .- 1469-1779. ; 43:2, s. 276-297
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The role of Everyday Technology (ET) use is presented as subsidiary or neutral in policy for age- and dementia-friendly communities; and yet, research suggests that older people, especially those with dementia, experience increased challenges using ET in their everyday lives. Through the lens of micro-citizenship, the study aims to deepen the knowledge about how use of ET outside the home, including portable ETs, relates to participation in places visited within public space among people with dementia over time. Using a longitudinal study design, 35 people with dementia were recruited at baseline and followed over three years. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews using standardised questionnaires: the Participation in ACTivities and Places OUTside Home Questionnaire (ACT-OUT) and the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (ETUQ). Random intercept modelling and descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. Throughout the three-year study, decreasing use of ET outside the home, including portable ETs, was associated with decreasing participation in places visited within public space, in a statistically significant way when controlling for age (F = 7.59, p = 0.01). The findings indicate that facilitating access and use of ET outside the home, among people with dementia, should be integral to promoting and maintaining participation in age- and dementia-friendly communities. 
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24.
  • Gaber, Sophie Nadia, et al. (författare)
  • Enacting citizenship through participation in a technological society : a longitudinal three-year study among people with dementia in Sweden
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Ageing & Society. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0144-686X .- 1469-1779. ; 43:2, s. 276-297
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The role of Everyday Technology (ET) use is presented as subsidiary or neutral in policy for age- and dementia-friendly communities; and yet, research suggests that older people, especially those with dementia, experience increased challenges using ET in their everyday lives. Through the lens of micro-citizenship, the study aims to deepen the knowledge about how use of ET outside the home, including portable ETs, relates to participation in places visited within public space among people with dementia over time. Using a longitudinal study design, 35 people with dementia were recruited at baseline and followed over three years. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews using standardised questionnaires: the Participation in ACTivities and Places OUTside Home Questionnaire (ACT-OUT) and the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (ETUQ). Random intercept modelling and descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. Throughout the three-year study, decreasing use of ET outside the home, including portable ETs, was associated with decreasing participation in places visited within public space, in a statistically significant way when controlling for age (F = 7.59, p = 0.01). The findings indicate that facilitating access and use of ET outside the home, among people with dementia, should be integral to promoting and maintaining participation in age- and dementia-friendly communities.
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25.
  • Gaber, Sophie N., et al. (författare)
  • Everyday technologies and public space participation among people with and without dementia
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy / Revue Canadienne d`Ergotèrapie. - Stockholm : SAGE Publications. - 0008-4174 .- 1911-9828. ; 86:5, s. 400-411
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Occupational therapists support everyday technology use; however, it is necessary to consider the challenges that people with dementia encounter with everyday technologies when participating in various places within public space.Purpose: The purpose of the study was to explore stability and change in participation in places visited within public space in relation to the relevance of everyday technologies used within public space.Method: People with dementia (n = 35) and people with no known cognitive impairment (n = 34) were interviewed using the Participation in Activities and Places Outside Home Questionnaire and the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire. Data analysis used modern and classical test theory.Findings: Both samples participated in places within public space; however, participation and relevance of everyday technologies were significantly lower for the dementia group.IMPLICATIONS: To enable participation, occupational therapists need to be aware of challenges that technologies and places within public space present to people with dementia.
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26.
  • Gaber, Sophie N., et al. (författare)
  • Everyday technologies and public space participation among people with and without dementia
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy / Revue Canadienne d`Ergotèrapie. - Stockholm : Sage Publications. - 0008-4174 .- 1911-9828. ; 86:5, s. 400-411
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background.: Occupational therapists support everyday technology use; however, it is necessary to consider the challenges that people with dementia encounter with everyday technologies when participating in various places within public space.Purpose.: The purpose of the study was to explore stability and change in participation in places visited within public space in relation to the relevance of everyday technologies used within public space.Method.: People with dementia (n = 35) and people with no known cognitive impairment (n = 34) were interviewed using the Participation in Activities and Places Outside Home Questionnaire and the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire. Data analysis used modern and classical test theory.Findings.: Both samples participated in places within public space; however, participation and relevance of everyday technologies were significantly lower for the dementia group.Implications.: To enable participation, occupational therapists need to be aware of challenges that technologies and places within public space present to people with dementia.
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27.
  • Gaber, Sophie N., et al. (författare)
  • Perceived risks, concession travel pass access and everyday technology use for out-of-home participation : Cross-sectional interviews among older people in the UK
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: BMC Geriatrics. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2318. ; 20:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: The health-promoting qualities of participation as an opportunity for social and cognitive engagement are well known. Use of Everyday Technology such as Smartphones or ATMs, as enabling or disabling factors for out-of-home participation is however under-researched, particularly among older people with and without dementia. Out-of-home participation involves participation in places and activities outside of a person’s home, in public space. Situated within the context of an increasingly technological society, the study investigated factors such as perceived risks, access to a concession travel pass and use of Everyday Technologies, and their relationship with out-of-home participation, among older people in the UK.Methods: One hundred twenty-eight older people with and without dementia in urban and rural environments in the UK, were interviewed using the Participation in ACTivities and Places OUTside Home (ACT-OUT) Questionnaire and the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (ETUQ). Associations between Everyday Technology use, perceived risk of falling, functional impairment, access to a concession travel pass and out-of-home participation were investigated using ordinal regression.Results: A higher probability of Everyday Technology use (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.492; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 1.041–1.127), perceived risk of falling outside home (OR = 2.499; 95% CI = 1.235–5.053) and, access to a concession travel pass (OR = 3.943; 95% CI = 1.970–7.893) were associated with a higher level of out-of-home participation. However, other types of risk (getting lost; feeling stressed or embarrassed) were not associated with out-of-home participation. Having a functional impairment was associated with a low probability of a higher level of out-of-home participation (OR = .470; 95% CI = .181–1.223). Across the sample, ‘outside home’ Everyday Technologies were used to a higher degree than ‘portable’ Everyday Technologies which can be used both in and outside home.Conclusions: The study provides insights into perceived risks, access to a concession travel pass and use of Everyday Technologies, and their relationship with out-of-home participation, among older people in the UK. Increased knowledge about factors associated with out-of-home participation may help to guide targeted health and social care planning. 
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28.
  • Gaber, Sophie N., et al. (författare)
  • Social participation and everyday technology use : A mixed-methods study among people living with and without dementia
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Improving the Lives of People with Dementia through Technology. - London : Routledge. - 9781032226675 - 9781003289005 ; , s. 56-70
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Social participation is a modifiable determinant for health and well-being among older people; however, social participation is increasingly dependent on technology use. This study investigated social participation in relation to Everyday Technology (ET) use and social deprivation of the living environment among older people with and without dementia in the United Kingdom. Sixty-four older people living with dementia and 64 older people without dementia were interviewed using The Participation in ACTivities and Places OUTside Home Questionnaire and Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire. A mixed-methods approach integrated statistical analyses and content analysis of free-text responses. Small, statistically significant positive associations were found between social participation and ET use outside home, for participants with dementia (Rs = 0.247; p = 0.049) and without dementia (Rs = 0.343; p = 0.006). A small statistically significant positive association was identified between social participation and the index of multiple deprivation in the living environment, among only participants living with dementia (Rs = 0.267, p = 0.033). The content analysis and graphical joint display revealed motivators, considerations that require extra attention, and strategies for managing social participation in relation to ET use. The mixed-methods synthesis revealed a nuanced view of ETs, as both useful in not only planning and preparatory activities but also challenging for social participation.
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29.
  • Gaber, Sophie N., et al. (författare)
  • Social Participation in Relation to Technology Use and Social Deprivation : A Mixed Methods Study Among Older People with and without Dementia
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 17:11
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Social participation is a modifiable determinant for health and wellbeing among older people; however, social participation is increasingly dependent on technology use. This study investigated social participation in relation to Everyday Technology use and social deprivation of the living environment, among older people with and without dementia in the United Kingdom. Sixty-four people with dementia and sixty-four people without dementia were interviewed using standardized questionnaires: The Participation in ACTivities and Places OUTside Home Questionnaire and Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire. A mixed methods approach integrated statistical analyses and content analysis of free-text responses, through data visualizations. Small, statistically significant associations were found between social participation and Everyday Technology use outside home, for participants with dementia (Rs = 0.247; p = 0.049) and without dementia (Rs = 0.343; p = 0.006). A small, statistically significant association was identified between social participation and social deprivation in the living environment, among only participants with dementia (Rs = 0.267, p = 0.033). The content analysis and graphical joint display revealed motivators, considerations that require extra attention, and strategies for managing social participation. The results underline how Everyday Technology use can be assistive to social participation but also the need to consider social deprivation of the living environment, especially among people with dementia.
  •  
30.
  • Gaber, Sophie N., et al. (författare)
  • Social participation in relation to technology use and social deprivation : A mixed methods study among older people with and without dementia
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 17:11, s. 1-19
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Social participation is a modifiable determinant for health and wellbeing among older people; however, social participation is increasingly dependent on technology use. This study investigated social participation in relation to Everyday Technology use and social deprivation of the living environment, among older people with and without dementia in the United Kingdom. Sixty-four people with dementia and sixty-four people without dementia were interviewed using standardized questionnaires: The Participation in ACTivities and Places OUTside Home Questionnaire and Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire. A mixed methods approach integrated statistical analyses and content analysis of free-text responses, through data visualizations. Small, statistically significant associations were found between social participation and Everyday Technology use outside home, for participants with dementia (Rs = 0.247; p = 0.049) and without dementia (Rs = 0.343; p = 0.006). A small, statistically significant association was identified between social participation and social deprivation in the living environment, among only participants with dementia (Rs = 0.267, p = 0.033). The content analysis and graphical joint display revealed motivators, considerations that require extra attention, and strategies for managing social participation. The results underline how Everyday Technology use can be assistive to social participation but also the need to consider social deprivation of the living environment, especially among people with dementia. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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31.
  • Gaber, Sophie Nadia (författare)
  • The participation of older people with and without dementia in public space, through the lens of everyday technology use
  • 2020
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Participation in activities and places within public space has been linked to numerous health benefits and yet, little is known about participation among older people with and without dementia. Insights about participation in activities and places within public space can contribute to the somewhat ambiguous definition of participation, as “involvement in a life situation”, by acknowledging the complexity and interrelatedness of subjective, social, contextual, temporal, and technological aspects of participation. Thus, the overarching aim of the four studies was to explore participation in activities and places within public space, among older people with and without dementia in two European countries (Sweden and UK), and to evaluate how different aspects, such as the relevance and perceived ability to use Everyday Technologies (ETs), interact with and influence participation, over time.Across all studies, interviews used the Participation in Activities and Places Outside Home Questionnaire (ACT-OUT) and the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (ETUQ), in order to focus on the perspectives of older people with and without dementia themselves. Study one explored stability and changes in participation in places visited within public space in relation to the relevance of ETs used in public space, among a baseline Swedish sample. Study two utilised ordinal regression to investigate the ways in which perceived risks and ET use were associated with out-of-home participation, among a UK sample of older people. Using a mixed methods design and data visualisations, study three delved into aspects of social participation in more depth, including ET use and social deprivation of the living environment, among two UK sub-samples of older people with and without dementia. Study four’s longitudinal design and multilevel modelling deepened the knowledge about how use of ET outside home, relates to participation in places visited within public space among a Swedish sample of older people with dementia over time.Study one’s findings demonstrated a statistically significant positive association between a higher person measure of ability to use ETs and higher participation in places visited within public space, among the Swedish sub-sample of older people with dementia but not those without dementia. According to the ordinal regression model in study two, a higher probability of ET use was associated with a higher level of out-of-home participation, among the UK sample of older people. By elucidating motivators, considerations that require extra attention, and management strategies among UK sub-samples of older people with and without dementia, study three provided insights into the nuances of social participation. Finally, study four’s findings revealed that decreasing use of ET outside home was associated with decreasing participation in places visited within public space, in a statistically significant way when accounting for age.In summary, this thesis contributes empirical insights about the participation of older people with and without dementia in activities and places within public space, through the lens of ET use. Such knowledge can be used to develop targeted health and social care planning and the design of more inclusive places, technologies, and services.
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32.
  • Gaber, Sophie, et al. (författare)
  • Social Citizenship Through Out-of-Home Participation Among Older Adults With and Without Dementia
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Journal of Applied Gerontology. - : Sage Publications. - 0733-4648 .- 1552-4523. ; 41:11, s. 2362-2373
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • There is limited empirical knowledge about how older adults living with dementia enact their social citizenship through out-of-home participation. This study aimed: (a) to investigate out-of-home participation among older adults with and without dementia in four countries and (b) to compare aspects of stability or change in out-of-home participation. Using a cross-sectional design, older adults with mild-to-moderate dementia and without dementia, aged 55 years and over, were interviewed using the Participation in ACTivities and Places OUTside the Home questionnaire in Canada (n = 58), Sweden (n = 69), Switzerland (n = 70), and the United Kingdom (n = 128). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a two-way analysis of variance. After adjustment for age, diagnosis of dementia and country of residence had significant effects on total out-of-home participation (p <.01). The results contribute to policies and development of programs to facilitate social citizenship by targeting specific activities and places.
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33.
  • Glad, Johan, et al. (författare)
  • Psychometric Properties of the HOME Inventory Using Rasch Analysis
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Research on social work practice. - : SAGE Publications. - 1049-7315 .- 1552-7581. ; 24:2, s. 235-246
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • ObjectivesThe aim of this pilot study was to explore psychometric properties of two versions of the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment Inventory in a Swedish social service sample.MethodSocial workers employed at 22 Swedish child protections agencies participated in the data collection. Both classic test theory approaches and Rasch analysis were used. Seventy-five (46 double) protocols of the Early Childhood version and 65 (43 double) protocols of the Middle Childhood version were obtained.ResultsThe interobserver reliability and Rasch reliability displayed acceptable results. Targeting was satisfying for the middle and more adequate home environments. However, there were mixed results concerning model fit.ConclusionThe scores may be used to identify families with inadequate home environments where children may be at risk.                 
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34.
  • Granbom, Marianne, et al. (författare)
  • Older Adults Living in Disadvantaged Areas : Protocol for a Mixed Methods Baseline Study on Homes, Quality of Life, and Participation in Transitioning Neighborhoods
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: JMIR Research Protocols. - : JMIR Publications Inc.. - 1929-0748. ; 11:10, s. 1-10
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Swedish policy states that older adults should be able to age safely with continued independence and lead active lives. However, this plays out differently in different Swedish municipalities depending upon degree of demographic change, globalization, and urbanization. Internationally, older adults living in disadvantaged areas have worse physical and mental health, activity restrictions, and reduced life expectancy. In Sweden, research on how disadvantaged areas impact older adults' quality of life is virtually nonexistent. We argue that disadvantaged areas exist in both urban and rural contexts.OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate how older adults' homes and neighborhoods influence their community participation, quality of life, identity, and belonging in urban and rural disadvantaged areas in Sweden, and how these person-context dynamics are experienced by older adults in transitioning neighborhoods.METHODS: The study has a mixed methods design and includes 3 phases. Adults 65 years and older living in certain urban and rural disadvantaged areas in the south of Sweden will be included. Phase 1 is an interview study in which qualitative data are collected on neighborhood attachment, identity, and belonging through semistructured interviews and photo-elicitation interviews with 40 subjects. A variety of qualitative data analysis procedures are used. In phase 2, a survey study will be conducted to explore associations between observable and self-rated aspects of housing and neighborhood (physical, social, and emotional), participation, and quality of life; 400 subjects will be recruited and added to the 40 phase-1 subjects for a total of 440. The survey will include standardized measures and study-specific questions. Survey data will be analyzed with mainstream statistical analyses and structural equation modeling to understand the interactions between quality of life, home and neighborhood factors, and sociodemographic factors. In phase 3, the integration study, survey data from the 40 participants who participated in both data collections will be analyzed together with qualitative data with a mixed methods analysis approach.RESULTS: As of the submission of this protocol (August 2022), recruitment for the interview study is complete (N=39), and 267 participants have been recruited and have completed data collection in the survey study. We expect recruitment and data collection to be finalized by December 2022.CONCLUSIONS: With an increasing proportion of older adults, an increasing number of disadvantaged areas, and an increasing dependency ratio in more than 50% of Swedish municipalities, these municipalities are transforming and becoming increasingly segregated. This study will add unique knowledge on what it is like to be older in a disadvantaged area and deepen knowledge on housing and health dynamics in later life. Further, the design of the current study will allow future follow-up studies to facilitate longitudinal analysis (if funding is granted) on aging in a transforming societal context.INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/41255.
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35.
  • Granholm Valmari, Elin, 1983- (författare)
  • Beyond the badge : police officers’ lifestyles and health
  • 2023
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Introduction: Being a frontline police officer is regarded to be one of the most high-strain professions in the world, encompassing physical, emotional and cognitive stressors. These stressors may cause ill health, physically, mentally and socially, impacting both professional and private life roles and everyday activities. Despite this, there has been limited consideration of the broader complexities of police officers’ lifestyles. Thus, the primary aim of this thesis was to identify health promoters and health challenges within the lifestyles of frontline police officers using a transactional perspective. The secondary aim was to translate these findings into the initial developmental stages of an instrument targeting critical areas of police officers’ lifestyles to foster health sustainability.Method: The thesis includes four studies. In Study I, a method for scoping reviews was used when gathering data from previously conducted studies within Europe. Studies II and III were qualitative studies using in-depth interviews. In Study II a reflexive thematic analysis was used, whereas in Study III qualitative content analysis was utilized. Study IV builds on data from the other studies. During the early development process of the instrument focus groups, cognitive interviewing methods and a content validity approach were undertaken.Findings: Altogether, the findings offer insights into how police officers’ lifecontexts, roles and everyday activities transact to become their unique lifestyles. In Study I the life contexts affecting police officers’ lives and health were mapped. It was concluded that research on police officers’ private lives is limited in Europe, despite contextual and environmental influences on their lives and health. In Studies II and III it was found that balancing work with private-life activities and roles included health challenges and resources. The findings relate to balancing risk and violence with vigilance in private life, societal attitudes with the police identity, work with healthy routines and habits, and unpredictability with stability. Study IV took initial steps towards crafting a self-reflection instrument targeting the essential conditions for living a sustainable and healthy lifestyle asa police officer.Conclusion: This thesis illuminates the complex interplay of factors that definethe unique lifestyles of police officers, influenced by their life contexts, roles, and everyday activities. It highlights the importance of both organizational strategies and police officers utilizing health-promoting strategies in maintaining asustainable lifestyle essential for fostering health sustainability. In the context of societal challenges and the need for a strong police force, maintaining police officers’ health sustainability is crucial for the benefit of both the Police Authority and society.
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36.
  • Hahn, Bridget, et al. (författare)
  • Feasibility of Increasing Occupation-Based Assessment Using the Knowledge to Action Framework
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: OTJR (Thorofare, N.J.). - : Sage Publications. - 1539-4492 .- 1938-2383. ; 43:4, s. 645-654
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS) is a standardized occupation-based measure; however, barriers often limit use in practice. The Knowledge to Action Framework (KTA) is one of the most widely used implementation approaches to induce practice change. The objective of the study is to examine the feasibility and acceptability of a KTA-informed intervention to increase the use of the AMPS. AMPS-trained occupational therapists were recruited through convenience sampling. Interventions included workshops, action planning, goal setting, peer support, and organizational resources. Recruitment and retention were tracked. Pre- and post-survey results of interventions’ helpfulness, AMPS behaviors, and motivational changes informed acceptability. Participants (n = 5) rated 7/7 (100%) intervention strategies as helpful, reported decreased barriers and increased frequency of AMPS administration, increased resources for AMPS implementation, and improved compatibility with practice. Implementation of a KTA-informed intervention to increase AMPS practice was feasible and supported by environmental changes and peer support in a physical rehabilitation setting. 
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37.
  • Hedman, Annicka, et al. (författare)
  • Amount and type of everyday technology use over time in older adults with cognitive impairment
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 22:3, s. 196-206
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objectives: This two-year study examined everyday technology (ET) use in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) testing five predefined theoretical assumptions regarding factors potentially influencing the amount of ET used in everyday life. Methods: Data from 37 participants with MCI were collected at inclusion, six, 12, and 24 months, on the type and amount of ET used and how difficult this was, activity involvement, and cognitive and diagnostic status. These variables were, together with age group (55-64, 65-74, or 75-84 years) and educational level, analysed in a mixed-linear-effect model. Results: A significant decrease in the overall amount of ET used was found over time, but the number of users of specific ETs both decreased and increased. Increasing perceived difficulty in ET use, less activity involvement, decreasing cognitive status, and belonging to the oldest age group significantly decreased ET use. Two years after inclusion 42% of the participants had converted to dementia, but neither change in diagnostic status nor length of education contributed significantly to the predictive model. Conclusion: Over time, a decreasing use of ET was shown in this sample with MCI. This process was influenced by several aspects important to consider in occupational therapy intervention planning.
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38.
  • Hedman, Annicka, et al. (författare)
  • Challenge levels of everyday technologies as perceived over five years by older adults with mild cognitive impairment
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: International psychogeriatrics. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1041-6102 .- 1741-203X. ; 30:10, s. 1447-1454
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: In clinical practice, efficient and valid functional markers are needed to detect subtle cognitive and functional decline in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This prospective study explored whether changes in perceived challenge of certain everyday technologies (ETs) can be used to detect signs of functional change in MCI.Methods: Baseline and five-year data from 37 older adults (mean age 67.5 years) with MCI regarding their perceived ability to use ET were used to generate Rasch-based ET item measures reflecting the relative challenge of 46 ETs. Actual differential item functioning in relation to time was analyzed based on these item measures. Data collection took place in 2008-2014.Results: Seven (15%) of the ETs included were perceived to be significantly more challenging to use at year five compared to at baseline, while 39 ETs (85%) were perceived to be equally challenging to use, despite the fact that the participants' perceived ability to use ET had decreased. Common characteristics among the ETs that became more challenging to use could not be identified. The dropout rate was 43%, which limits the power of the study.Conclusions: Changes in the perceived challenge of ETs seem to capture functional change in persons with cognitive decline. Both easier and more challenging ETs typically used at home and in society need to be addressed to capture this functional change because significant changes occurred among ETs of all challenge levels and within all types of ETs.
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39.
  • Hedman, Annicka, et al. (författare)
  • Changing everyday activities and technology use in mild cognitive impairment
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 79:2, s. 111-119
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: Knowledge of the conditions under which older adults facing cognitive decline engage in everyday activities is of major importance for occupational therapists in designing supportive interventions. This study aimed to investigate perceived activity involvement over time and its longitudinal relationship to perceived ability to use everyday technology in older adults with mild cognitive impairment.Method: Thirty-seven older adults with mild cognitive impairment at inclusion were assessed over 4 years. Overall and item-specific activity involvement were analyzed using mixed-linear-effect modeling and differential item functioning. Furthermore, overall activity involvement and ability in everyday technology use were correlated.Results: Overall activity involvement decreased significantly over time. When adjusting for declining ability in the sample, actual differential item functioning indicated descending involvement in seven of 15 activities, while eight activities were stable. All leisure activities descended. The positive correlations between activity involvement and ability in everyday technology use became stronger over time.Conclusion: Variations across activities and time-points suggest that occupational therapists should repeatedly monitor the increasingly associated aspects of activity involvement and ability to use everyday technology in persons with cognitive decline.
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40.
  • Hedman, Annicka, et al. (författare)
  • Patterns of functioning in older adults with mild cognitive impairment : a two-year study focusing on everyday technology use
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Aging & Mental Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1360-7863 .- 1364-6915. ; 17:6, s. 679-688
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objectives: Early detection is vital for persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) who are at risk of activity and participation limitations, and crosssectional studies suggest the ability to use everyday technology (ET) to be a sensible tool. However, group level analyses fail to inform us about how functioning can vary over time for individuals. This study aimed at exploring and describing patterns of functioning over two years in a sample newly classified with MCI, with a special focus on perceived difficulty in ET use and involvement in everyday activities. In addition, cognitive functioning and conversion to dementia were studied. Method: 37 older adults (aged 55) with MCI were assessed at inclusion, and at 6, 12, and 24 months. Longitudinal case plots for the variables under study were analyzed based on strict criteria using a person-oriented approach. Paired t-tests from baseline and 24 months were also conducted to analyze change. Results: The 32 participants who remained in the study after two years showed three distinct patterns of functioning over time: stable/ascending (n = 10), fluctuating (n = 10), and descending (n = 12), with the highest conversion to dementia in the descending pattern (58%). The perceived ability to use ET decreased or fluctuated in 50% of the sample. However, on a group level, a significant difference between baseline and 24 months was found only regarding cognitive function. Conclusion: As the need for support is individual and likely to alter over time, repeated evaluations of activity involvement and difficulty in ET use are suggested to target timely interventions for persons with MCI.
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41.
  • Helle, Tina, et al. (författare)
  • Activity repertoires and time use in people living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 8:7, s. 564-570
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background:Understanding the dynamics and aspects of how activity choices impact health and well-being in people living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is important to inform rehabilitation. Aim:To describe, firstly, how much time people living with COPD spend on work, daily living tasks, recreation and rest; secondly, how this population perceived competence, importance and enjoyment related to these activities; thirdly, if differences in such perceptions and time use were associated with the living situation and COPD severity. Material and methods:This cross-sectional study involved 76 participants (+45 years, COPD, living in ordinary homes), who completed the Occupational Questionnaire (OQ). Descriptive statistics and group comparisons were performed. Results:Most of the participants' time were spent on daily living activities and recreational activities. Participants spent approx. 80% of their recorded time in OQ on activities they valued, enjoyed and in which they felt competent. Participants living alone scored significantly lower on enjoyment in restful activities than those living in couples (p < 0.05). No statistically significant difference in perceived competence, importance or enjoyment was found in relation to COPD severity. Conclusions and significance:Findings underscore the importance of targeting overall daily activity repertoires including compositions of activity types, time use and perceived competence, importance and enjoyment.
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42.
  • Hemmingsson, Helena, et al. (författare)
  • Validity of the school Setting Interview : An Assessment of the Student - Envirement Fit
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 11, s. 171-178
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The School Setting Interview (SSI) is an internationally used client-centred interview assessment that specifically investigates the student - environment fit for students with physical disabilities. In this study the Rasch measurement model was used to examine validity of the SSI; specifically, whether or not the SSI measures a unidimensional construct. Data for analysis included SSI assessments of 87 Swedish students with physical disabilities aged between 8 and 19 years of age. The results of the Rasch analysis revealed that all items had acceptable infit MnSq and z values supporting evidence of construct validity of the SSI. The established order of the difficulty of the items was also shown to be in acceptable congruence with the theoretical basis for item development. In addition, the analysis revealed aspects of the SSI that need improvements, such as the need for more challenging items and refinements of the manual. Further investigations of validity in different cultural contexts are recommended.
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43.
  • Hällgren, Monica, et al. (författare)
  • Effects of occupational therapy intervention on activities of daily living and awareness of disability in persons with intellectual disabilities
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0045-0766 .- 1440-1630. ; 52:4, s. 350-359
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of an occupational therapy intervention program on activities of daily living (ADL) ability and awareness of disability.Methods: Six persons with intellectual disabilities participated in the study, which was based on a single-case design. Assessment of Motor and Process Skills and Assessment of Awareness of Disability were used as evaluation tools.Results: Activities of daily living performance improved in five of the six participants after implementation of the program, with improvement across both motor and process skills. However, no clear improvement in awareness of disability was found following implementation of the program.Conclusion: It may be concluded from this study that persons with intellectual disabilities can benefit from occupational therapy interventions to improve ADL ability, even in the absence of any change in their awareness of disability.
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44.
  • Jakobsson, Elin, et al. (författare)
  • Does the purpose matter? A comparison of everyday information and communication technologies between eHealth use and general use as perceived by older adults with cognitive impairment.
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-3107 .- 1748-3115. ; 17:8, s. 897-906
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Everyday information and communication technologies (EICTs) are increasingly being used in our society, for both general and health-related purposes. This study aims to compare how older adults with cognitive impairment perceive relevance and level of EICT challenge between eHealth use and general use.METHODS:  < .05.RESULTS: The result shows that the perceived amount of relevant EICTs for eHealth use was lower in all 16 EICTs compared to those of general use. About the perceived level of challenge, a significant difference was detected in one of the seven included EICTs between eHealth use and general use.CONCLUSIONS: In this sample, all EICTs were perceived as having lower relevance for eHealth use compared to general use, suggesting that the purpose of using an EICT affects the perceived relevance of it. Also, once an EICT is perceived as relevant and used for eHealth purposes, there seem to be little to no differences in perceived challenge compared to the same EICT used for general purposes. Implications for rehabilitation All stakeholders, including health care providers, need to be aware of the hindrances that come with digitalization, making it challenging to many citizens to make use of digital solutions. It is of great importance that social services including eHealth services be tailored to suit the individual/target group. Older adults may need support and an introduction to EICTs to discover the potential relevance of the specific device and/or service.
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45.
  • Jakobsson, Elin, et al. (författare)
  • Experiences from using eHealth in contact with health care among older adults with cognitive impairment
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 33:2, s. 380-389
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • RATIONALE: Since health care is facing challenges, with fewer caregivers providing care to more clients, eHealth plays a crucial role. Through eHealth, people are expected to be more involved in their own care. On the part of health care users, eHealth requires use of everyday technology such as telephones and computers, and services through the Internet which might be challenging for older adults with cognitive impairment. AIM: To investigate experiences of using eHealth in contact with health care among older adults with cognitive impairment. METHOD: Individual, semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine participants, aged 65-84 years, with cognitive impairments of varying origins. A constructivist Grounded Theory approach was used. Data collection and analysis were performed simultaneously using a constant comparative method. ETHICAL ISSUES: Ethical approval (Dnr: 2014/906-32) was obtained from the regional ethical committee, Stockholm. RESULTS: The core category, the eHealth staircase supported by habits, is presented as a model that visualises the result. The model includes three steps showing different ways of being in contact with health care through the use of technological devices and services that mirrors different levels of complexity of eHealth use as follows: (i) Analogue use, (ii) One-way-use and (iii) Interactive use. The participants' location on the eHealth staircase was affected by several aspects described in three categories united by habits; A stable relationship with technology: a prerequisite for use; The importance of interpersonal relationships within health care and Being supported by significant others: a prerequisite in contact with health care. CONCLUSIONS: Older adults with cognitive impairments seemed to prefer common and less complex eHealth when contacting health care. Therefore, it is necessary that health care providers offer different possibilities for patients to contact them, that is, both through the Internet and by personal telephone service.
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46.
  • Jakobsson, Elin, et al. (författare)
  • The use of everyday technology; a comparison of older persons with cognitive impairments' self-reports and their proxies' reports
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 84:7, s. 446-455
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction Older persons with cognitive impairment have often been disregarded in providing information on their own perceptions. This study explored the number of relevant everyday technologies and the ability to use everyday technologies as perceived by persons with cognitive impairment in comparison with their proxies' estimates using the Short Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire. Method In this cross-sectional study, persons with cognitive impairment (n = 21) and their proxies (n = 21) were interviewed on separate occasions with the Short Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire, which measures the number of relevant everyday technologies and the ability to use everyday technologies. The data were analysed with t-tests, z-comparisons, and Fisher's exact test. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results At the group level, no significant differences were found between persons with cognitive impairments' perceptions and their proxies' estimates regarding the number of relevant everyday technologies or the ability to use everyday technologies. On the individual level, significant differences were found in the ability measures within four out of the 21 dyads. Conclusion The persons with cognitive impairment and their proxies verified each other's responses, providing evidence that persons with cognitive impairment should be the primary source for information about their own everyday technology use.
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47.
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48.
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49.
  • Janeslätt, Gunnel, et al. (författare)
  • Evaluating intervention using time aids in children with disabilities
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 21:3, s. 181-190
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate complex intervention using time aids for children with intellectual and developmental disabilities who exhibit limitations in daily time management.Methods: Participating children (n = 47) (F17/M30) were aged 6–11 with ADHD, autism spectrum disorders, mild or moderate intellectual disability, spina bifida, and cerebral palsy. This study used a Randomized Block and Waiting List control group design, with 25 children allocated to control and 22 to intervention group. In total 10 children (21.3%), five from each group, dropped out, leaving 37 children in the data analysis.Results: Children in both groups gained significantly in time-processing ability between the first and second data collection, but the children in the intervention group improved time-processing ability significantly more than controls. The control group also displayed significant changes after receiving intervention between the second and third data collection. The intervention had a large effect (ES Cohen's d = 0.81) on time-processing ability and a medium effect (ES Cohen's d = 0.68) on managing one's time.Conclusions: This study provides preliminary evidence that time-processing ability and managing one's time can be improved by intervention using time aids in children with intellectual and developmental disabilities, supporting the need to consider time aids in intervention in these children.
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50.
  • Janeslätt, Gunnel, et al. (författare)
  • Measurement of time processing ability and daily time management in children with disabilities
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: DISABILITY AND HEALTH JOURNAL. - : Elsevier BV. - 1936-6574 .- 1876-7583. ; 2:1, s. 15-19
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Improvement is needed in methods for planning and evaluating interventions designed to facilitate daily time management for children with intellectual disability, Asperger syndrome, or other developmental disorders. Objectives: The aim of this study was to empirically investigate the hypothesized relation between children's time processing ability (TPA), daily time management, and self-rated autonomy. Such a relationship between daily time management and TPA may support the idea that TPA is important for daily time management and that children with difficulties in TPA might benefit from intervention aimed at improving daily time management. Methods: Participants were children aged 6 to 11 years with dysfunctions such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism, or physical or intellectual disabilities (N = 118). TPA was measured with the instrument KaTid. All data were transformed to interval measures using applications of Rasch models and then further analysed with correlation and regression analysis. Results: The results demonstrate a moderate significant relation between the parents' ratings of daily time management and TPA of the children, and between the self-rating of autonomy and TPA. There was also a significant relation between self-ratings of autonomy and the parents' rating of the children's daily time management. Parents' ratings of their children's daily time management explain 25% of the variation in TPA, age of the children explains 22%, while the child's self-rating of autonomy can explain 9% of the variation in TPA. The three variables together explain 38% of the variation in TPA. The results indicate the viability of the instrument for assessing TPA also in children with disabilities and that the ability measured by KaTid is relevant for daily time management. Conclusions: TPA seems to be a factor for children's daily time management that needs to be taken into consideration when planning and evaluating interventions designed to facilitate everyday functioning for children with cognitive impairments. The findings add to the increasing knowledge base about children with time processing difficulties and contribute to better methods aimed at improving these children's daily time management. Further research is needed to examine if there are differences in TPA related to specific diagnosis or other child characteristics.
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