| 1. |
- Vos, Theo, et al.
(författare)
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Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013
- 2015
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Ingår i: The Lancet. - 1474-547X .- 0140-6736. ; 386:9995, s. 743-800
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Up-to-date evidence about levels and trends in disease and injury incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) is an essential input into global, regional, and national health policies. In the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013), we estimated these quantities for acute and chronic diseases and injuries for 188 countries between 1990 and 2013. Methods Estimates were calculated for disease and injury incidence, prevalence, and YLDs using GBD 2010 methods with some important refinements. Results for incidence of acute disorders and prevalence of chronic disorders are new additions to the analysis. Key improvements include expansion to the cause and sequelae list, updated systematic reviews, use of detailed injury codes, improvements to the Bayesian meta-regression method (DisMod-MR), and use of severity splits for various causes. An index of data representativeness, showing data availability, was calculated for each cause and impairment during three periods globally and at the country level for 2013. In total, 35 620 distinct sources of data were used and documented to calculated estimates for 301 diseases and injuries and 2337 sequelae. The comorbidity simulation provides estimates for the number of sequelae, concurrently, by individuals by country, year, age, and sex. Disability weights were updated with the addition of new population-based survey data from four countries. Findings Disease and injury were highly prevalent; only a small fraction of individuals had no sequelae. Comorbidity rose substantially with age and in absolute terms from 1990 to 2013. Incidence of acute sequelae were predominantly infectious diseases and short-term injuries, with over 2 billion cases of upper respiratory infections and diarrhoeal disease episodes in 2013, with the notable exception of tooth pain due to permanent caries with more than 200 million incident cases in 2013. Conversely, leading chronic sequelae were largely attributable to non-communicable diseases, with prevalence estimates for asymptomatic permanent caries and tension-type headache of 2.4 billion and 1.6 billion, respectively. The distribution of the number of sequelae in populations varied widely across regions, with an expected relation between age and disease prevalence. YLDs for both sexes increased from 537.6 million in 1990 to 764.8 million in 2013 due to population growth and ageing, whereas the age-standardised rate decreased little from 114.87 per 1000 people to 110.31 per 1000 people between 1990 and 2013. Leading causes of YLDs included low back pain and major depressive disorder among the top ten causes of YLDs in every country. YLD rates per person, by major cause groups, indicated the main drivers of increases were due to musculoskeletal, mental, and substance use disorders, neurological disorders, and chronic respiratory diseases; however HIV/AIDS was a notable driver of increasing YLDs in sub-Saharan Africa. Also, the proportion of disability-adjusted life years due to YLDs increased globally from 21.1% in 1990 to 31.2% in 2013. Interpretation Ageing of the world's population is leading to a substantial increase in the numbers of individuals with sequelae of diseases and injuries. Rates of YLDs are declining much more slowly than mortality rates. The non-fatal dimensions of disease and injury will require more and more attention from health systems. The transition to non-fatal outcomes as the dominant source of burden of disease is occurring rapidly outside of sub-Saharan Africa. Our results can guide future health initiatives through examination of epidemiological trends and a better understanding of variation across countries.
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| 2. |
- Aitken, Candice L., et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of three methods used for fusion of SPECT-CT images of liver matastases
- 1998
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Ingår i: Fusion98, International Conference on Multisource-Mulltisensor Information Fusion. - : CSREA Press. - 1892512009 ; , s. 435-442
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We compare three methods for fusing SPECT-CT images: ImageMatch - an automatic three-dimensional/two-dimensional method developed by Focus Imaging; IBM Visualization Data Explorer - a three-diemensional interactive method developed by Internation Business Machines, Inc.; and qsh - an interactive three-dimensional/two-dimensional method developed at New York University. While many fusion methods have proved successful for registering brain images, most methods have been less successful for thoracic and abdominal images. We use images of liver metastases obtained with a radiolabeled breast tumor-directed antibody to illustrate the strengths and weakness of the methods reviewed. The images used are typical clinical images from eigth patients. We conclude that an optimal image fusion program should combine the strengths of each of the methods reviewed.
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| 3. |
- Aitken, Candice L., et al.
(författare)
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Tumor localization and image registration of 18-FDG SPECT scans with CT scans
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of Nuclear Medicine. - : Society of Nuclear Medicine. - 0161-5505 .- 1535-5667. ; 40:5, s. 290P-291P
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of registering routine clinical F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) coincidence detection (CD) scans with computed tomographic (CT) scans for radiation treatment planning and case management. METHODS: F-18 FDG CD and chest CT scans, performed in 10 randomly selected patients with confirmed or possible adenocarcinoma of the lung, were evaluated. The quality of the matches was verified by comparisons of the center-to-center distance between a region of interest (ROI) manually drawn on the CT slice and warped onto the CD slice with an ROI drawn manually directly on the CD slice. In addition, the overlap between the two ROIs was calculated. RESULTS: All 10 F-18 FDG CD and CT scans were registered with good superimposition of soft tissue density on increased radionuclide activity. The center-to-center distance between the ROIs ranged from 0.29 mm to 8.08 mm, with an average center-to-center distance of 3.89 mm +/- 2.42 mm (0.69 pixels +/- 0.34 pixels). The ROI overlap ranged from 77% to 99%, with an average of 90% +/- 5.6%. CONCLUSIONS: Although the use of F-18 FDG CD shows great promise for the identification of tumors, it shares the same drawbacks as those associated with radiolabeled monoclonal antibody SPECT and ligand-based positron emission tomographic scans in that anatomic markers are limited. This study shows that image registration is feasible and may improve the clinical relevance of CD images.
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| 4. |
- Aitken, Candice L., et al.
(författare)
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Tumor localization and image registration of F-18FDG coincidence detection scans with computed tomographic scans
- 2002
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Ingår i: Clinical Nuclear Medicine. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0363-9762 .- 1536-0229. ; 27:4, s. 275-282
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of registering routine clinical F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) coincidence detection (CD) scans with computed tomographic (CT) scans for radiation treatment planning and case management. Methods: F-18 FDG CD and chest CT scans, performed in 10 randomly selected patients with confirmed or possible adenocarcinoma of the lung, were evaluated. The quality of the matches was verified by comparisons of the center-to-center distance between a region of interest (ROI) manually drawn on the CT slice and warped onto the CD slice with an ROI drawn manually directly on the CD slice. In addition, the overlap between the two ROIs was calculated. Results: All 10 F-18 FDG CD and CT scans were registered with good superimposition of soft tissue density on increased radionuclide activity. The center-to-center distance between the ROIs ranged from 0.29 mm to 8.08 mm, with an average center-to-center distance of 3.89 mm 2.42 mm (0.69 pixels +/- 0.34 pixels). The ROI overlap ranged from 77% to 99%, with an average of 90% +/- 5.6%. Conclusions: Although the use of F-18 FDG CD shows great promise for the identification of tumors, it shares the same drawbacks as those associated with radiolabeled monoclonal antibody SPECT and ligand-based positron emission tomographic scans in that anatomic markers are limited. This study shows that image registration is feasible and may improve the clinical relevance of CD images.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Birnbaum, Bernard A., et al.
(författare)
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Hepatic hemangiomas: diagnosis with fusion of MR, CT, and Tc-99m-labeled red blood cell SPECT images
- 1991
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Ingår i: Radiology. - : Radiological Society of North America. - 0033-8419 .- 1527-1315. ; 181:2, s. 469-474
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method of image analysis was developed for correlation of hemangiomas detected at computed tomography {(CT)} and/or magnetic resonance {(MR)} imaging with increased blood pool activity evident at single photon emission {CT} {(SPECT)} performed after labeling of red blood cells with technetium-99m. Image analysis was performed in 20 patients with 35 known hepatic hemangiomas. After section thickness and pixel sizes of the different studies were matched, intrinsic landmarks were chosen to identify anatomically corresponding locations. Regions of interest {(ROIs)} drawn on the {CT} and/or {MR} images were translated, rotated, and reprojected to match the areas of interest on the corresponding {SPECT} images by means of a two-dimensional polynomial-based warping algorithm. Analysis of {ROIs} on 30 {SPECT-MR} and 20 {SPECT-CT} pairs of registered images provided absolute confirmation that 34 suspected hemangiomas identified on {SPECT} images correlated exactly with lesions seen on {CT} and/or {MR} images. Accuracy of fusion was within an average of 1.5 pixels +/- 0.8 (+/- 1 standard deviation). The technique enabled diagnostic confirmation of hemangiomas as small as 1.0 cm and proved useful for evaluating lesions located adjacent to intrahepatic vessels.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Chapnick, J. V., et al.
(författare)
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Techniques for multimodality image registration
- 1993
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Ingår i: Bioengineering, Proceedings of the Northeast Conference. - 0780309251 ; , s. 221-222
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The authors describe the development of techniques used for cross-modality correlation of medical images. To accomplish this goal, software routines were developed which automate and standardize the comparison of images within and between three-dimensional tomographic imaging modalities. Data from phantoms and clinical studies reflect the success of this technique.
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| 11. |
- Crafoord, Joakim, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of two landmark based image registration methods for use with a body atlas
- 2000
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Ingår i: Physica medica (Testo stampato). - 1120-1797 .- 1724-191X. ; 16:2, s. 75-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe preliminary work registering abdominal MRI images from three healthy male volunteers. Anatomically selected 3D homologous point pairs (landmarks), from which eigenvalues were generated to form the basis for a 3D non-affine polynomial transformation, were placed on axial slices alone and on axial, coronal and sagittal slices. Registration accuracy was judged visually by comparing superimposed 3D isosurfaces from the reference, untransformed, and transformed volume data and by comparing merged 2D slices projected fi om the transformed and reference volume data superimposed with 2D isolines. The squared sum of intensity differences between the transformed/untransformed and the reference volume was significant at the 0.05 (p >0.05) confidence level. The correlation coefficient improved by an average of 38% and the cross correlation between pixel values improved by an average of 22%. In each trial, the standard deviation of the landmarks after transformation was within one voxel and the standard error of the mean was not significantly different from zero at the 0.05 confidence level. Abdominal isosurface volume differences (between individuals) changed from an average of 14.5% before registration to 2.9% after registration. This experiment shows that it is possible to choose landmarks such that abdominal data from different subject volumes can be mapped to a common reference, and thus that it is possible to use this combined volume both to form an atlas and to warp abdominal data from an atlas to a patient volume.
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| 12. |
- Dewyngaert, J. Keith, et al.
(författare)
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Procedure for unmasking localization information from ProstaScint scans for prostate radiation therapy treatment planning
- 2004
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Ingår i: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0360-3016 .- 1879-355X. ; 60:2, s. 654-662
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To demonstrate a method to extract the meaningful biologic information from In-111-radiolabeled capromab pendetide (ProstaScint) SPECT scans for use in radiation therapy treatment planning by removing that component of the In-111 SPECT images associated with normal structures. Methods and Materials: We examined 20 of more than 80 patients who underwent simultaneous Tc-99m/In-111 SPECT scans, which were subsequently registered to the corresponding CT/MRI scans. A thresholding algorithm was used to identify Tc-99m uptake associated with blood vessels and CT electron density associated with bone marrow. Corresponding voxels were removed from the In-111 image set. Results: No single threshold value was found to be associated with the Tc-99m uptake that corresponded to the blood vessels. Intensity values were normalized to a global maximum and, as such, were dependent upon the quantity of Tc-99m pooled in the bladder. The reduced ProstaScint volume sets were segmented by use of a thresholding feature of the planning system and superimposed on the CT/MRI scans. Conclusions: ProstaScint images are now closer to becoming a biologically and therapeutically useful and accurate image set. After known sources of normal intensity are stripped away, the remaining areas that demonstrate uptake may be segmented and superimposed on the treatment-planning CT/MRI volume.
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| 13. |
- Farrell, Edward J., et al.
(författare)
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Graphical 3D medical image registration and quantification
- 1997
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Ingår i: Journal of medical systems. - 0148-5598 .- 1573-689X. ; 21:3, s. 155-172
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a graphical three-dimensional method that facilitates image registration and fusion, and provides quantitative geometric and volume information. In particular it enhances the use of functional (radiopharmaceutical) imaging {(SPECT}, {PET)} which, though a powerful clinical tool, has the disadvantage of low spatial resolution and ill-defined boundaries. Registration between functional images and structural images {(MRI}, {CT)} can augment the anatomical context of these functional images.
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| 14. |
- Farrell, Edward J., et al.
(författare)
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Quantitative 3D visualization in nuclear medicine
- 1995
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the SPIE Medical Imaging 1995. - : SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering. - 0819417793 ; , s. 54-64
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- SPECT is a powerful clinical tool. However, the low spatial resolution and ill-defined boundaries associated with SPECT require special consideration in visualization. Quantitative geometric and magnitude information are areas of particular usefulness in evaluating disease states. In this paper, we describe a set of practical 3D visualization tools to display and analyze SPECT data, and present interactive methods to measure (1) the relative position, size and shape of regions of interest and (2) the magnitude and distribution of radioactive count information. Interactive pick tools allow users to extract values at selected points, distance between points, or value profiles along selected line segments. In the three-dimensional reconstruction, transparent and opaque isosurfaces are formed simultaneously at specified activity levels, and the volume enclosed by the opaque surface is displayed. The utility of these tools is demonstrated with two types of patient studies: those using tumor-avid agents to identify active tumor in the chest and abdomen, and those used for evaluating the volume of perfused myocardium.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Kramer, Elissa L., et al.
(författare)
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CT-SPECT fusion to correlate radiolabeled monoclonal antibody uptake with abdominal CT findings
- 1989
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Ingår i: Radiology. - : American College of Radiology. - 0033-8419 .- 1527-1315. ; 172:3, s. 861-865
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To enhance the information provided by computed tomography {(CT)} and single photon emission computed tomography {(SPECT)} performed with radiolabeled, anti-carcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibody {(MoAb)}, the authors performed fusion of these types of images from eight subjects with suspected colorectal adenocarcinoma. Section thickness and pixel size of the two studies were matched, coordinates of corresponding points from each study were identified, and {CT} sections were translated, rotated, and reprojected to match the corresponding {SPECT} scans. The {CT-SPECT} fusion enabled identification of anatomic sites of tumor-specific {MoAb} accumulation in four cases, showed non-specific {MoAb} accumulation in two, and helped confirm information only suggested by the two studies separately in one.
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| 20. |
- Kramer, Elissa L., et al.
(författare)
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Fusing of immunoscintigraphy SPECT with CT or MRI for improved multimodality image interpretation
- 1992
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Ingår i: Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 1992 14th Annual International Conference of the IEEE. - : IEEE. - 0780307852 ; , s. 1805-1806
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Correlation of PET or SPECT functional with CT or MRI anatomic transaxial images often enhances the information available on these studies. Careful registraÂtion of images from two types of studies may be used to identify a structure containing to a PET or SPECT abnormality or to evaluate the functional or metabolic characteristics of an abnormal or normal structure. CTSPECT or PET image registration has been applied to brain imaging for metabolic and cerebral perfusion studies [1–3], more recently, to Ga-67 imaging of the chest [4], as well as to CT-SPECT correlation in cancer patients undergoing immunoscintigraphy [5–7]. We have applied an image registration technique to correlate CT or MRI of the abdomen and chest with SPECT images obtained after the administration of tumor-directed radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies. Correlation of PET or SPECT functional with CT or MRI anatomic transaxial images often enhances the information available on these studies. Careful registration of images from two types of studies may be used to identify a structure containing to a PET or SPECT abnormality or to evaluate the functional or metabolic characteristics of an attempt to improve our interpretation of these imaging studies.
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| 21. |
- Lee, Benjamin Y., et al.
(författare)
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Unmasking true signal/tumor information from ProstaScint scans
- 2004
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Ingår i: MEDICAL IMAGING 2004: IMAGE PROCESSING, PTS 1-3. - : SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering. - 0819452831 ; , s. 1980-1990
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Improve tumor localization in In-111 ProstaScint SPECT scans through improved reconstruction and identification/removal of non-specific blood pool volumes using simultaneously acquired Tc-99m tagged red blood cell (RBC) SPECT scans. Methods: We chose 30 patients with a history of prostate cancer who had undergone CT/MR and simultaneous Tc-99m RBC/In-111 ProstaScint SPECT scans due to rising PSA. To estimate the impact of reconstruction methods on anatomic definition and artifacts, SPECT volume data sets were reconstructed using ordered set-expectation maximization (OS-EM) with varying numbers of iterations and subsets, and these were compared against each other and against standard filtered back projection (FBP) reconstruction. Non-blood pool bladder activity in the Tc-99m scans was suppressed prior to subtraction from the In-111 scans by using an averaging algorithm within an ellipsoid volume encompassing the bladder. Outside the ellipsoid volume, Tc-99m voxel values were subtracted from the corresponding In-111 voxels after normalization of the data sets based on peak activity within the descending aorta. Results: OS-EM reconstruction using 3 iterations and 45 subsets showed improved representation of anatomy compared with FBP. Bladder suppression reduced artifacts in the prostate bed. The subtraction method reduced the blood pool signal, confirmed visually by superimposition with matched CT/MR scans. Conclusions: OS-EM reconstruction together with bladder suppression and subtraction of the blood pool may help improve the specificity of ProstaScint SPECT interpretation and increase its utility in radiation therapy treatment planning.
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| 22. |
- Maguire Jr., Gerald Q., et al.
(författare)
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Graphics applied to medical image registration
- 1991
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Ingår i: IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications. - : IEEE. - 0272-1716 .- 1558-1756. ; 11:2, s. 20-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Software that has been developed to automate and standardize comparison of 3D images is discussed. The major approaches to image registration are examined. The authors' registration and reconstruction software is described. Studies carried out to determine the relative accuracy of the present registration methods are reported. The main goal of the authors is to improve on commercial SPECT reconstruction algorithms and provide quantification accuracy sufficient for numerical assessment of tracer distribution.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Mahmoud, Faaiza, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of three methods for registration of abdominal/pelvic volume data sets from functional-anatomic scans
- 2000
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Ingår i: SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. - : SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering. ; , s. 1378-1386
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this work was to evaluate three volumetric registration methods in terms of technique, user-friendliness and time requirements. CT and SPECT data from 11 patients were interactively registered using: a 3D method involving only affine transformation; a mixed 3D - 2D non-affine (warping) method; and a 3D non-affine (warping) method. In the first method representative isosurfaces are generated from the anatomical images. Registration proceeds through translation, rotation, and scaling in all three space variables. Resulting isosurfaces are fused and quantitative measurements are possible. In the second method, the 3D volumes are rendered co-planar by performing an oblique projection. Corresponding landmark pairs are chosen on matching axial slice sets. A polynomial warp is then applied. This method has undergone extensive validation and was used to evaluate the results. The third method employs visualization tools. The data model allows images to be localized within two separate volumes. Landmarks are chosen on separate slices. Polynomial warping coefficients are generated and data points from one volume are moved to the corresponding new positions. The two landmark methods were the least time consuming (10 to 30 minutes from start to finish), but did demand a good knowledge of anatomy. The affine method was tedious and required a fair understanding of 3D geometry.
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| 25. |
- Moy, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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Improving specificity of breast MRI using prone PET and fused MRI and PET 3D volume datasets
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Nuclear Medicine. - Reston, Virginia, USA : Society of Nuclear Medicine. - 0161-5505 .- 1535-5667. ; 48:4, s. 528-537
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- MRI is a sensitive method for detecting invasive breast cancer, but it lacks specificity. To examine the effect of combining PET with MRI on breast lesion characterization, a prototype positioning device was fabricated to allow PET scans to be acquired in the same position as MRI scans-that is, prone. Methods: To test the hypothesis that fusion of 18F-FDG PET and MRI scans improves detection of breast cancer, 23 patients with suspected recurrent or new breast cancer underwent a routine whole-body PET scan, a prone PET scan of the chest, and a routine breast MRJ scan. The attenuation-corrected prone PET and MRI clatasets were registered twice by different operators. The fusion results were judged for quality by visual inspection and statistical analysis. A joint reading of the MRI and PET scans side by side and integrated images was performed by a nuclear medicine physician and a radiologist. Sensitivity and specificity of MRI and combined MRI and PET scans were calculated on the basis of pathology reports or at least 1 y of clinical and radiologic follow-up. Results: All fusions were verified to be well matched using specific anatomic criteria. A total of 45 lesions was assessed. Lesion size range was 0.6 to 10.0 cm. Of the 44 breasts examined, 29 were suspicious for cancer, of which 15 were found to be positive on surgical excision. In lesion-by-lesion analysis, sensitivity and specificity of MRI alone were 92% and 52%, respectively; after MRI and PETfusion, they were 63% and 95%, respectively. The positive predictive value and the negative predictive value for MRI alone were 69% and 85%, respectively; after MRI and PET fusion, they were 94% and 69%, respectively. Conclusion: Acquisition of prone PET scans using the new positioning device permitted acquisition of prone scans suitable for fusion with breast MRI scans. Fused PET and MRI scans increased the specificity of MRI but decreased the sensitivity in this small group of patients. Additional data are needed to confirm the statistical significance of these preliminary findings.
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| 26. |
- Moy, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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Prone mammoPET acquisition improves the ability to fuse MRI and PET breast scans
- 2007
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Ingår i: Clinical Nuclear Medicine. - Philadephia, Pennsylvania, USA : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0363-9762 .- 1536-0229. ; 32:3, s. 194-198
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This study compared prone acquisition of PET scans with traditional supine acquisition to improve fusion of PET scans with MRI scans and improve evaluation of enhancing breast lesions detected on MRI. Materials and Methods: MRI breast scans are acquired in the prone position using a breast coil to allow the breasts to hang pendant. An apparatus was fabricated to allow prone acquisition of PET scans. Fused scans from 2 patients acquired both prone and supine were contrasted with those from 3 patients acquired supine only. All 5 MRI scans were acquired on standard scanners. The PET scans were acquired with a PET/CT unit using a low-dose CT scan for attenuation correction. The PET and MRI volumes were matched twice (using a semiautomated registration method) by different operators. The additional value of fusion was judged using reports from the original (nonfused) MRI and PET, joint rereading of the volumes side by side, and examination of fused images. Results: Of 12 enhancing lesions on breast MRI, 7 demonstrated uptake on PET/CT. In the 3 supine-only cases, the fused images were not interpretable because of the marked distortion of the breasts. In the 2 prone cases, the fused images increased our confidence in characterizing a lesion as benign or malignant. Interpretations were confirmed by clinical follow up in 2 or histologic results in 3 patients. Conclusions: PET MRI fusion is feasible and may assist in localizing lesions detected on either study. A more extensive study is under-way to confirm the value of this fusion technique.
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| 27. |
- Noz, Marilyn E., et al.
(författare)
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A versatile functional-anatomic image fusion method for volume data sets
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of medical systems. - 0148-5598 .- 1573-689X. ; 25:5, s. 297-307
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe and validate a volumetric three-dimensional registration method, and compare it to our previously validated two-dimensional/three-dimensional method. {CT/MRI} and {SPECT} data from 14 patients were interactively fused using a polynomial warping technique. Registration accuracy was confirmed visually and by a nonsignificant F value from multivariate analysis of the transformed landmarks, a significant difference of the squared sum of intensity differences between the transformed/untransformed and the reference volume both at the 0.05 (p {\textgreater} 0.05) confidence level and an average 31\% improvement of the correlation coefficient and cross correlation. For the two-dimensional/three-dimensional method, {ROI} center-to-center distance ranged from 1.42 to 11.32 mm (for liver) with an average of 6.13 mm +/- 3.09 mm. The average {ROI} overlap was 92.51\% with a 95\% confidence interval of 90.20-96.88\%. The new method is superior because it operates on the true three-dimensional volume. Both methods give good registration results, take 10 to 30 min, and require anatomic knowledge.
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| 28. |
- Noz, Marilyn E., et al.
(författare)
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An integrated approach to biodistribution radiation absorbed dose estimates
- 1993
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Ingår i: European Journal of Nuclear Medicine. - 0340-6997 .- 1432-105X. ; 20:2, s. 165-169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An integrated approach to existing methods of extracting biodistribution data, pharmacokinetics and radiation absorbed dose estimates from serial scintigraphic images is described. This approach employs a single computer-generated user interface to reformat planar scans into a standard file type, align conjugate (anterior and posterior) images, draw regions of interest {(ROIs)} over selected organs and lesions and generate count data for anterior and posterior views and calculated geometric means. Using standard correction methods, the fraction injected activity is obtained for all {ROIs} and total body. This methodology has been applied to the analysis of {indium-III-labelled} breast-cancer-directed antibodies and technetium-90m-labelled {CEA-specific} antibody fragments in non-small-cell lung cancer. It is anticipated that this approach will be useful for evaluating the dosimetry of other radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies, as well as other radiopharmaceuticals.}
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Noz, Marilyn E., et al.
(författare)
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Can the specificity of MRI breast imaging be improved by fusing 3D MRI volume data sets with FDG PET?
- 2004
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Ingår i: 2004 2ND IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOMEDICAL IMAGING. - : IEEE. - 0780383885 ; , s. 1388-1391
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- MRI of the breast is an important tool for early detection of breast cancer in women at increased risk for tumor. MRI has a proven track record in identifying tissue abnormalities, but often lacks the ability to characterize this tissue abnormality as benign or malignant, i.e., for certain tissue abnormalities the specificity of MRI is very high, while for others it may be 50% or less. This inability of MRI to differentiate between certain types of tissue abnormalities has lead to our interest in exploring whether the fusion of MRI scans with metabolic imaging (PET) scans can be helpful. 18-FDG PET provides information about the metabolism of the tissue in the breast which in tumors is generally increased. This technique is widely used for detection of other forms of cancer, but has not yet been systematically applied to primary breast cancer, although it has been used to detect local recurrence.
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| 33. |
- Noz, Marilyn E., et al.
(författare)
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Clinical applications from head to toe using a semiautomatic 3D inter/intramodality fusion technique
- 2003
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Ingår i: BIOMEDICAL IMAGE REGISTRATION. - 3540203435 ; , s. 387-397
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Automated image registration techniques, particularly between modalities which clearly display anatomy and especially within the head, have become commonplace. Meanwhile advances in molecular imaging and the need to perform registration in other areas of body has driven the development of non-rigid and semiautomatic 3D volume fusion methods. This paper will focus on this latter class of 3D volume registration methods for a variety of clinical applications.
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| 34. |
- Noz, Marilyn E., et al.
(författare)
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Enhancing the utility of ProstaScint SPECT scans for patient management
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of medical systems. - : Springer-Verlag New York. - 0148-5598 .- 1573-689X. ; 30:2, s. 123-132
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This project investigated reducing the artifact content of In-111 ProstaScint SPECT scans for use in treatment planning and management. Forty-one patients who had undergone CT or MRI scans and simultaneous Tc-99m RBC/In-111 ProstaScint SPECT scans were included. SPECT volume sets, reconstructed using Ordered Set-Expectation Maximum (OS-EM) were compared against those reconstructed with standard Filtered Back projection (FBP). Bladder activity in Tc-99m scans was suppressed within an ellipsoidal volume. Tc-99m voxel values were subtracted from the corresponding In-111 after scaling based on peak activity within the descending aorta. The SPECT volume data sets were merged with the CT or MRI scans before and after processing. Volume merging, based both on visual assessment and statistical evaluation, was not affected. Thus iterative reconstruction together with bladder suppression and blood pool subtraction may improve the interpretation and utility of ProstaScint SPECT scans for patient management.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Noz, Marilyn E., et al.
(författare)
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Graphical interface for medical image processing
- 1993
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Ingår i: Journal of medical systems. - 0148-5598 .- 1573-689X. ; 17:1, s. 1-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have developed a graphical interface which allows users of varying levels of computer experience and proficiency to manipulate medical image-processing data with "point-and-click" ease. The power which had formerly been associated with protocols and shell scripts has been combined with the flexibility and "user-friendliness" of buttons and dialog boxes.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Qatarneh, Sharif M., et al.
(författare)
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A whole body atlas for segmentation and delineation of organs for radiation therapy planning
- 2001
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 471, s. 160-164, s. 1168-1169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A semi-automatic procedure for delineation of organs, to be used as the basis of a whole body atlas database for radiation therapy planning was developed. The Visible Human Male Computed Tomography (CT)-data set was used as a standard man reference. The organ of interest was outlined manually and then transformed by a polynomial warping algorithm onto a clinical patient CT. This provided an initial contour, which was then adjusted and refined by the semi-automatic active contour model to find the final organ outline. The liver was used as a test organ for evaluating the performance of the procedure. Liver outlines obtained by the segmentation algorithm on six patients were compared to those manually drawn by, a radiologist. The combination of warping and semi-automatic active contour model generally provided satisfactory segmentation results, but the procedure has to be extended to three dimensions.
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| 40. |
- Qatarneh, Sharif M., et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a segmentation procedure to delineate organs for use in construction of a radiation therapy planning atlas
- 2003
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Ingår i: International Journal of Medical Informatics. - 1386-5056 .- 1872-8243. ; 69, s. 39-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: This paper evaluates a semi-automatic segmentation procedure to enhance utilizing atlas based treatment plans. For this application, it is crucial to provide a collection of 'reference' organs, restorable from the atlas so that they closely match those of the current patient. To enable assembling representative organs, we developed a semiautomatic procedure using an active contour method. Method: The 3D organ volume was identified by defining contours on individual slices. The initial organ contours were matched to patient volume data sets and then superimposed on them. These starting contours were then adjusted and refined to rapidly find the organ outline of the given patient. Performance was evaluated by contouring organs of different size, shape complexity, and proximity to surrounding structures. We used representative organs defined on CT volumes obtained from 12 patients and compared the resulting outlines to those drawn by a radiologist. Results: A strong correlation was found between the area measures of the delineated liver (r = 0.992), lung (r = 0.996) and spinal cord (r = 0.81), obtained by both segmentation techniques. A paired Student's t-test showed no statistical difference between the two techniques regarding the liver and spinal cord (p > 0.05). Conclusion: This method could be used to form 'standard' organs, which would form part of a whole body atlas (WBA) database for radiation treatment plans as well as to match atlas organs to new patient data.
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| 41. |
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