| 1. |
- Abdellaoui, G., et al.
(författare)
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First observations of speed of light tracks by a fluorescence detector looking down on the atmosphere
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - : IOP PUBLISHING LTD. - 1748-0221. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- EUSO-Balloon is a pathfinder mission for the Extreme Universe Space Observatory onboard the Japanese Experiment Module (JEM-EUSO). It was launched on the moonless night of the 25(th) of August 2014 from Timmins, Canada. The flight ended successfully after maintaining the target altitude of 38 km for five hours. One part of the mission was a 2.5 hour underflight using a helicopter equipped with three UV light sources (LED, xenon flasher and laser) to perform an inflight calibration and examine the detectors capability to measure tracks moving at the speed of light. We describe the helicopter laser system and details of the underflight as well as how the laser tracks were recorded and found in the data. These are the first recorded laser tracks measured from a fluorescence detector looking down on the atmosphere. Finally, we present a first reconstruction of the direction of the laser tracks relative to the detector.
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| 2. |
- Hoshino, Ayuko, et al.
(författare)
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Extracellular Vesicle and Particle Biomarkers Define Multiple Human Cancers
- 2020
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Ingår i: Cell. - : CELL PRESS. - 0092-8674 .- 1097-4172. ; 182:4, s. 1044-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is an unmet clinical need for improved tissue and liquid biopsy tools for cancer detection. We investigated the proteomic profile of extracellular vesicles and particles (EVPs) in 426 human samples from tissue explants (TEs), plasma, and other bodily fluids. Among traditional exosome markers, CD9, HSPA8, ALIX, and HSP90AB1 represent pan-EVP markers, while ACTB, MSN, and RAP1B are novel pan-EVP markers. To confirm that EVPs are ideal diagnostic tools, we analyzed proteomes of TE- (n =151) and plasma-derived (n =120) EVPs. Comparison of TE EVPs identified proteins (e.g., VCAN, TNC, and THBS2) that distinguish tumors from normal tissues with 90% sensitivity/94% specificity. Machine-learning classification of plasma-derived EVP cargo, including immunoglobulins, revealed 95% sensitivity/90% specificity in detecting cancer Finally, we defined a panel of tumor-type-specific EVP proteins in TEs and plasma, which can classify tumors of unknown primary origin. Thus, EVP proteins can serve as reliable biomarkers for cancer detection and determining cancer type.
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| 3. |
- Kjaergaard, M., et al.
(författare)
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Demonstration of Density Matrix Exponentiation Using a Superconducting Quantum Processor
- 2022
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Ingår i: Physical Review X. - 2160-3308. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Quantum computers hold the potential to outperform classical supercomputers at certain tasks. To implement algorithms on a quantum computer, programmers use conventional computers and hardware to create a set of classical control signals that implement a desired quantum algorithm. However, feeding the quantum information forward requires an inefficient conversion: extraction of quantum information, conversion to classical control signals, and reinjection of those signals into the system to implement quantum operations. Here, we demonstrate a more natively quantum strategy to programming quantum computers. Our approach uses the density matrix exponentiation (DME) protocol, a general technique for using a quantum state to enact a quantum operation. It can be thought of as a subroutine with which programmers can turn multiple copies of a quantum state into instructions for next steps in a quantum algorithm.We implement DME using two qubits in a superconducting quantum processor. Our implementation relies on a high-fidelity two-qubit gate and a novel technique called quantum measurement emulation to approximately reset a known quantum state. These developments enable us to demonstrate the DME protocol for the first time on a small-scale quantum processor and benchmark its performance.While DME was originally proposed in the context of a specific quantum machine-learning algorithm, it may also represent a fundamentally different approach to quantum programming. It allows the possibility of encoding quantum algorithms directly into quantum states and executing those algorithms on other quantum states, enabling a new class of efficient quantum algorithms.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Miller, David T., et al.
(författare)
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Consensus Statement : Chromosomal Microarray Is a First-Tier Clinical Diagnostic Test for Individuals with Developmental Disabilities or Congenital Anomalies
- 2010
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Ingår i: American Journal of Human Genetics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9297 .- 1537-6605. ; 86:5, s. 749-764
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chromosomal microarray (CMA) is increasingly utilized for genetic testing of individuals with unexplained developmental delay/intellectual disability (DD/ID), autism spectrum disorders (ASD), or multiple congenital anomalies (MCA). Performing CMA and G-banded karyotyping on every patient substantially increases the total cost of genetic testing. The International Standard Cytogenomic Array (ISCA) Consortium held two international workshops and conducted a literature review of 33 studies, including 21,698 patients tested by CMA. We provide an evidence-based summary of clinical cytogenetic testing comparing CMA to G-banded karyotyping with respect to technical advantages and limitations, diagnostic yield for various types of chromosomal aberrations, and issues that affect test interpretation. CMA offers a much higher diagnostic yield (15%-20%) for genetic testing of individuals with unexplained DD/ID, ASD, or MCA than a G-banded karyotype (similar to 3%, excluding Down syndrome and other recognizable chromosomal syndromes), primarily because of its higher sensitivity for submicroscopic deletions and duplications. Truly balanced rearrangements and low-level mosaicism are generally not detectable by arrays, but these are relatively infrequent causes of abnormal phenotypes in this population (<1%). Available evidence strongly supports the use of CMA in place of G-banded karyotyping as the first-tier cytogenetic diagnostic test for patients with DD/ID, ASD, or MCA. G-banded karyotype analysis should be reserved for patients with obvious chromosomal syndromes (e.g., Down syndrome), a family history of chromosomal rearrangement, or a history of multiple miscarriages.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Krantz, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-sectional study on exhaled nitric oxide in relation to upper airway inflammatory disorders with regard to asthma and perennial sensitization
- 2022
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - : Wiley. - 0954-7894 .- 1365-2222. ; 52:2, s. 297-311
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a well-known marker of type-2 inflammation. FeNO is elevated in asthma and allergic rhinitis, with IgE sensitization as a major determinant. Objective We aimed to see whether there was an independent association between upper airway inflammatory disorders (UAID) and FeNO, after adjustment for asthma and sensitization, in a multi-centre population-based study. Methods A total of 741 subjects with current asthma and 4155 non-asthmatic subjects participating in the second follow-up of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS III) underwent FeNO measurements. Sensitization status was based on measurement of IgE against airborne allergens; information on asthma, UAID and medication was collected through interview-led questionnaires. Independent associations between UAID and FeNO were assessed in adjusted multivariate regression models and test for interaction with perennial sensitization and asthma on the relation between UAID and FeNO were made. Results UAID were associated with higher FeNO after adjusting for perennial sensitization, asthma and other confounders: with 4.4 (0.9-7.9) % higher FeNO in relation to current rhinitis and 4.8 (0.7-9.2) % higher FeNO in relation to rhinoconjunctivitis. A significant interaction with perennial sensitization was found in the relationship between current rhinitis and FeNO (p = .03) and between rhinoconjunctivitis and FeNO (p = .03). After stratification by asthma and perennial sensitization, the association between current rhinitis and FeNO remained in non-asthmatic subjects with perennial sensitization, with 12.1 (0.2-25.5) % higher FeNO in subjects with current rhinitis than in those without. Conclusions & Clinical Relevance Current rhinitis and rhinoconjunctivitis was associated with higher FeNO, with an interaction with perennial sensitization. This further highlights the concept of united airway disease, with correlations between symptoms and inflammation in the upper and lower airways and that sensitization needs to be accounted for in the relation between FeNO and rhinitis.
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| 8. |
- Malenicka, S., et al.
(författare)
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Impaired intention-to-treat survival after listing for liver transplantation in children with biliary atresia compared to other chronic liver diseases : 20 years' experience from the Nordic countries
- 2017
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Ingår i: Pediatric Transplantation. - : Wiley. - 1397-3142 .- 1399-3046. ; 21:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biliary atresia (BA) is the most common indication for LT in children. We investigated whether this diagnosis per se, compared to other chronic liver diseases (OCLD), had an influence on patient survival. Data from 421 Scandinavian children, 194 with BA and 227 with OCLD, listed for LT between 1990 and 2010 were analyzed. The intention-to-treat survival and influencing risk factors were studied. Patients with BA had higher risk of death after listing than patients with OCLD. The youngest (< 1 year) and smallest (< 10 kg) children with the highest bilirubin (> 510 mu mol/L), highest INR (> 1.6), and highest PELD score (> 20) listed during 1990s had the worst outcome. Given the same PELD score, patients with BA had higher risk of death than patients with OCLD. For adolescents, low weight/BMI was the only prognostic marker. Impaired intention-to-treat survival in patients with BA was mainly explained by more advanced liver disease in younger ages and higher proportion of young children in the BA group rather than diagnosis per se. PELD score predicted death, but seemed to underestimate the severity of liver disease in patients with BA. Poor nutritional status and severe cholestasis had negative impact on survival, supporting the "sickest children first" allocation policy and correction of malnutrition before surgery.
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| 9. |
- Novotný, O., et al.
(författare)
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DISSOCIATIVE RECOMBINATION MEASUREMENTS OF NH+ USING AN ION STORAGE RING
- 2014
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 792:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have investigated dissociative recombination (DR) of NH+ with electrons using a merged beams configuration at the TSR heavy-ion storage ring located at the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics in Heidelberg, Germany. We present our measured absolute merged-beams recombination rate coefficient for collision energies from 0 to 12 eV. From these data, we have extracted a cross section, which we have transformed to a plasma rate coefficient for the collisional plasma temperature range from T-p1 = 10 to 18,000 K. We show that the NH+ DR rate coefficient data in current astrochemical models are underestimated by up to a factor of approximately nine. Our new data will result in predicted NH+ abundances lower than those calculated by present models. This is in agreement with the sensitivity limits of all observations attempting to detect NH+ in interstellar clouds.
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| 10. |
- Wang, X., et al.
(författare)
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Mutual projectile and target ionization in 1-MeV/amu N(4+) and N(5+) + He collisions
- 2011
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Ingår i: Physical Review A. Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics. - 1050-2947 .- 1094-1622. ; 84:2, s. 022707-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have studied mutual projectile and target ionization in 1-MeV/amu N(4+) and N(5+) + He collisions in kinematically complete experiments by measuring the momenta of the recoil ion and both ejected electrons in coincidence with the charge-changed projectiles. By means of four-particle Dalitz plots, in which multiple differential cross sections are presented as a function of the momenta of all four particles, experimental spectra are compared with theoretical results from various models. The experimental data are qualitatively reproduced by higher-order calculations, where good agreement is achieved for N(5+) + He collisions, while some discrepancies persist for N(4+) + He collisions.
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| 11. |
- Yang, B., et al.
(författare)
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Exploring high-energy doubly excited states of NH by dissociative recombination of NH
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics B. - : IOP Publishing. - 0953-4075 .- 1361-6455. ; 47:3, s. 035201-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have investigated electron capture by NH+ resulting in dissociative recombination (DR). The impact energies studied of similar to 4-12 eV extend over the range below the two lowest predicted NH+ dissociative states in the Franck-Condon (FC) region of the ion. Our focus has been on the final state populations of the resulting N and H atoms. The neutral DR fragments are detected downstream of a merged electron and ion beam interaction zone in the TSR storage ring, which is located at the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics in Heidelberg, Germany. Transverse fragment distances were measured on a recently developed high count-rate imaging detector. The distance distributions enabled a detailed tracking of the final state populations as a function of the electron collision energy. These can be correlated with doubly excited neutral states in the FC region of the ion. At low electron energy of similar to 5 eV, the atomic product final levels are nitrogen Rydberg states together with ground-state hydrogen. In a small electron energy interval near 7 eV, a significant part of the final state population forms hydrogen Rydberg atoms with nitrogen atoms in the first excited (D-2) term, showing the effect of Rydberg doubly excited states below the predicted 2(2)Pi ionic potential. The distance distributions above similar to 10 eV are compatible with nitrogen Rydberg states correlating to the doubly excited Rydberg state manifold below the ionic 2(4) Sigma(-) level.
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| 12. |
- Cvijovic, Marija, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Bridging the gaps in systems biology
- 2014
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Ingår i: Molecular Genetics and Genomics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1617-4615 .- 1617-4623. ; 289:5, s. 727-734
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Systems biology aims at creating mathematical models, i.e., computational reconstructions of biological systems and processes that will result in a new level of understanding-the elucidation of the basic and presumably conserved "design" and "engineering" principles of biomolecular systems. Thus, systems biology will move biology from a phenomenological to a predictive science. Mathematical modeling of biological networks and processes has already greatly improved our understanding of many cellular processes. However, given the massive amount of qualitative and quantitative data currently produced and number of burning questions in health care and biotechnology needed to be solved is still in its early phases. The field requires novel approaches for abstraction, for modeling bioprocesses that follow different biochemical and biophysical rules, and for combining different modules into larger models that still allow realistic simulation with the computational power available today. We have identified and discussed currently most prominent problems in systems biology: (1) how to bridge different scales of modeling abstraction, (2) how to bridge the gap between topological and mechanistic modeling, and (3) how to bridge the wet and dry laboratory gap. The future success of systems biology largely depends on bridging the recognized gaps.
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| 13. |
- Dogan, Emanuel M., 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in zone I versus zone III in a porcine model of non-traumatic cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation : A randomized study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 151, s. 150-156
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) in zone I increases systemic blood pressure during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), while also obstructing the blood flow to distal organs. The aim of the study was to compare the effects on systemic blood pressure and visceral blood flow of REBOA-III (zone III, infrarenal) and REBOA-I (zone I, supraceliac) during non-traumatic cardiac arrest and CPR.METHODS: Cardiac arrest was induced in 61 anesthetized pigs. Thirty-two pigs were allocated to a hemodynamic study group where the primary outcomes were systemic arterial pressures and 29 pigs were allocated to a blood flow study group where the primary outcomes were superior mesenteric arterial (SMA) and internal carotid arterial (ICA) blood flow. After 7-8minutes of CPR with a mechanical compression device, REBOA-I, REBOA-III or no aortic occlusion (control group) were initiated after randomization.RESULTS: Systemic mean and diastolic arterial pressures were statistically higher during CPR with REBOA-I compared to REBOA-III (50mmHg and 16mmHg in REBOA-I vs 38mmHg and 1mmHg in REBOA-III). Systemic systolic, mean and diastolic arterial pressures were statistically elevated during CPR in the REBOA-I group compared to the controls. The SMA blood flow increased by 49% in REBOA-III but dropped to the levels of the controls within minutes. The ICA blood flow increased the most in REBOA-I compared to REBOA-III and the control group (54%, 19% and 0%, respectively).CONCLUSION: In experimental non-traumatic cardiac arrest and CPR, REBOA-I increased systemic blood pressures more than REBOA-III, and the potential enhancement of visceral organ blood flow by REBOA-III was short-lived.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Kannan, Bharath, et al.
(författare)
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Generating spatially entangled itinerant photons with waveguide quantum electrodynamics
- 2020
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Ingår i: Science advances. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 2375-2548. ; 6:41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Realizing a fully connected network of quantum processors requires the ability to distribute quantum entanglement. For distant processing nodes, this can be achieved by generating, routing, and capturing spatially entangled itinerant photons. In this work, we demonstrate the deterministic generation of such photons using superconducting transmon qubits that are directly coupled to a waveguide. In particular, we generate two-photon N00N states and show that the state and spatial entanglement of the emitted photons are tunable via the qubit frequencies. Using quadrature amplitude detection, we reconstruct the moments and correlations of the photonic modes and demonstrate state preparation fidelities of 84%. Our results provide a path toward realizing quantum communication and teleportation protocols using itinerant photons generated by quantum interference within a waveguide quantum electrodynamics architecture.
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| 21. |
- Kannan, Bharath, et al.
(författare)
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Waveguide quantum electrodynamics with superconducting artificial giant atoms
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 583:7818, s. 775-779
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Models of light–matter interactions in quantum electrodynamics typically invoke the dipole approximation1,2, in which atoms are treated as point-like objects when compared to the wavelength of the electromagnetic modes with which they interact. However, when the ratio between the size of the atom and the mode wavelength is increased, the dipole approximation no longer holds and the atom is referred to as a ‘giant atom’2,3. So far, experimental studies with solid-state devices in the giant-atom regime have been limited to superconducting qubits that couple to short-wavelength surface acoustic waves4–10, probing the properties of the atom at only a single frequency. Here we use an alternative architecture that realizes a giant atom by coupling small atoms to a waveguide at multiple, but well separated, discrete locations. This system enables tunable atom–waveguide couplings with large on–off ratios3 and a coupling spectrum that can be engineered by the design of the device. We also demonstrate decoherence-free interactions between multiple giant atoms that are mediated by the quasi-continuous spectrum of modes in the waveguide—an effect that is not achievable using small atoms11. These features allow qubits in this architecture to switch between protected and emissive configurations in situ while retaining qubit–qubit interactions, opening up possibilities for high-fidelity quantum simulations and non-classical itinerant photon generation12,13.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Leander, Karen, et al.
(författare)
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Våld
- 2009
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Ingår i: Fokhälsorapporten 2009. - Stockholm : Socialstyrelsen. - 9789197806589 ; , s. 339-367
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 24. |
- Novotny, O., et al.
(författare)
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Dissociative Recombination Measurements of Chloronium Ions (D2Cl+) Using an Ion Storage Ring
- 2018
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 862:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report our plasma rate coefficient and branching ratio measurements for dissociative recombination (DR) of D2Cl+ with electrons. The studies were performed in a merged-beams configuration using the TSR heavy-ion storage ring located at the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics in Heidelberg, Germany. Starting with our absolute merged-beams recombination rate coefficient at a collision energy of approximate to 0 eV, we have extracted the cross section and produced a plasma rate coefficient for a translational temperature of approximate to 8 K. Furthermore, extrapolating our cross-section results using the typical low-energy DR behavior, we have generated a plasma rate coefficient for translational temperatures from 5 to 500 K. We find good agreement between our extrapolated results and previous experimental DR studies on D2Cl+. Additionally, we have investigated the three fragmentation channels for DR of D2Cl+. Here we report on the dissociation geometry of the three-body fragmentation channel, the kinetic energy released for each of the three outgoing channels, the molecular internal excitation for the two outgoing channels that produce molecular fragments, and the fragmentation branching ratios for all three channels. Our results, in combination with those of other groups, indicate that any remaining uncertainties in the DR rate coefficient for H2Cl+ appear unlikely to explain the observed discrepancies between the inferred abundances of HCl and H2Cl+ in molecular clouds and predictions from astrochemical models.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Al-Najjar, Basim, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Maintenance costs, savings and benefits in manufacturing
- 2002
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 4th international conference on quality, reliability and maintenance. ; , s. 7-10
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- More efficient maintenance yields in increased production, lower costs and higher product quality promoting company's business. Data will be used in a Decision Support System (DSS) to achieve cost-effective decisions, improve maintenance strategy and increase company's profit. In this paper, an Information Technology (IT) System, i.e. GMDSS, supporting the concept of total quality maintenance (TQMain) is developed. This system consists of a Database Management System (DBMS), DSS and the interaction between these components and between the system and it's environment. The system is verified in real data from a Swedish paper mill. The major results are maintenance direct costs, savings and benefits are considered instead of direct and indirect maintenance costs. Economic losses are considered as potential savings when a more efficient maintenance is used. Further, vibration-based maintenance (VBM) saved annually about 4 MSEK. It is about nine times the investments done in maintenance. which were between 1-2.2% of the total potential savings. The mean conclusion of this study is using this methodology for assessing maintenance economic role, it would be classified as a profit-centre.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Chakarova, Roumiana, et al.
(författare)
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An automated Monte Carlo QC system for volumetric modulated arc therapy: Possibilities and challenges
- 2018
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Ingår i: Physica Medica-European Journal of Medical Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1120-1797. ; 51, s. 32-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To develop and implement an automated Monte Carlo (MC) system for patient specific VMAT quality control in a patient geometry that generates treatment planning system (TPS) compliant DICOM objects and includes a module for 3D analysis of dose deviations. Also, the aims were to recommend diagnose specific tolerance criteria and an evaluation procedure. Methods: The EGSnrc code package formed the basis for development of the MC system. The workflow consists of a number of modules connected to a TPS by means of manual DICOM exports and imports which were executed sequentially without user interaction. DVH comparison was performed in the TPS. In addition, MC-and TPS dose distributions were analysed by applying the normalized dose difference (NDD) formalism. NDD failure maps and a pass rate for a certain threshold were obtained. 170 clinical plans (prostate, thorax, head-and-neck and gynecological) were selected for analysis. Results: Agreement within 1.5% was found between clinical-and MC data for the mean dose to the target volumes and within 3% for parameters more sensitive to the shape of the DVH e.g. D-98% PTV. Regarding the NDD analysis, tolerance criteria 2%/3 mm were established for prostate plans and 3%/3 mm for the rest of the cases. Conclusions: An automated MC system was developed and implemented. Evaluation procedure is recommended with NDD-analysis as a first step. For pass rate < 95%, the evaluation continues with comparison of DVH parameters. For deviations larger than 2%, a visual inspection of the clinical-and MC dose distributions is performed.
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| 31. |
- Concepcion Gil-Rodriguez, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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De Novo Heterozygous Mutations in SMC3 Cause a Range of Cornelia de Lange Syndrome-Overlapping Phenotypes
- 2015
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Ingår i: Human Mutation. - : Wiley: 12 months. - 1059-7794 .- 1098-1004. ; 36:4, s. 454-462
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is characterized by facial dysmorphism, growth failure, intellectual disability, limb malformations, and multiple organ involvement. Mutations in five genes, encoding subunits of the cohesin complex (SMC1A, SMC3, RAD21) and its regulators (NIPBL, HDAC8), account for at least 70% of patients with CdLS or CdLS-like phenotypes. To date, only the clinical features from a single CdLS patient with SMC3 mutation has been published. Here, we report the efforts of an international research and clinical collaboration to provide clinical comparison of 16 patients with CdLS-like features caused by mutations in SMC3. Modeling of the mutation effects on protein structure suggests a dominant-negative effect on the multimeric cohesin complex. When compared with typical CdLS, many SMC3-associated phenotypes are also characterized by postnatal microcephaly but with a less distinctive craniofacial appearance, a milder prenatal growth retardation that worsens in childhood, few congenital heart defects, and an absence of limb deficiencies. While most mutations are unique, two unrelated affected individuals shared the same mutation but presented with different phenotypes. This work confirms that de novo SMC3 mutations account for approximate to 1%-2% of CdLS-like phenotypes.
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| 32. |
- Ebrahimi, Zahra, et al.
(författare)
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Integrating Health Promotion with and for Older People - eHealth (IHOPe) – Evaluating remote integrated person-centred care - Protocol of a randomised controlled trial with effectiveness, health economic, and process evaluation
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMC Geriatrics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2318. ; 23:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Background Healthcare and welfare systems worldwide are unprepared to accommodate the growing population of older people. Simultaneously, the cost of reactive care for older people is increasing. However, healthcare systems in many countries are reforming towards integrated and person-centred care with a focus on health promotion and proactive actions. The Integrating Health Promotion with and for Older People – eHealth (IHOPe) project aims to describe and evaluate a person-centred e-support intervention that promotes a sustainable partnership between community dwelling frail older people and health and social care professionals. Methods The IHOPe project is designed as a randomised controlled trial comparing a control group receiving standard care with an intervention group receiving standard care and add-on person-centred care through telephone support and a digital platform. The primary outcome measure is a composite score of changes in general self-efficacy and the need for unscheduled hospital care. The project is conducted in Gothenburg, Sweden. At least 220 participants aged ≥ 75 years will be included after being screened using a frailty instrument. The study design, intervention components, digital platform, and questionnaires were developed in close collaboration with an advisory group of inter-professional researchers, stakeholders, clinicians, and older representatives. Data will mainly be collected through questionnaires at baseline and 3, 6, and 12 months after inclusion in the study. Recruitment is ongoing and should be completed during 2023. Data will be analysed using quantitative and qualitative methods. The evaluation will include effectiveness, process, and health economics. The study was approved by the Regional Ethical Review Board in Gothenburg, Sweden (Dnr 2019–05364, Dnr 2020–03550, Dnr 2021–03255). Discussion The findings will expand our knowledge of remotely integrated person-centred care for frail older people. Thereby, the IHOPe project is expected to fill highlighted knowledge gaps on intervention evaluations including the triad of person-centred, digital, and integrated care elements, as well as economic evaluations of remote health services for frail older people. The study is ongoing, and the results are not completed but if they turn out to be positive, implementation is not limited to time or location. Trial registration ClinicalTrial.gov: NCT04416815. Registered 07/06/2021.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Faxelid, E, et al.
(författare)
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Quality of STD care in an urban Zambian setting: the providers' perspective
- 1997
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Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING STUDIES. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0020-7489. ; 34:5, s. 353-357
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to analyse obstacles to optimal STD care in an urban setting in Zambia. Eighty-two health professionals answered a questionnaire with closed and open-ended questions. More than 50% were not satisfied with their working conditions
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Garcia-Salcedo, Raúl, et al.
(författare)
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Glucose de-repression by yeast AMP-activated protein kinase SNF1 is controlled via at least two independent steps
- 2014
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Ingår i: Febs Journal. - : Wiley. - 1742-464X .- 1742-4658. ; 281:7, s. 1901-1917
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The AMP-activated protein kinase, AMPK, controls energy homeostasis in eukaryotic cells but little is known about the mechanisms governing the dynamics of its activation/deactivation. The yeast AMPK, SNF1, is activated in response to glucose depletion and mediates glucose de-repression by inactivating the transcriptional repressor Mig1. Here we show that overexpression of the Snf1-activating kinase Sak1 results, in the presence of glucose, in constitutive Snf1 activation without alleviating glucose repression. Co-overexpression of the regulatory subunit Reg1 of the Glc-Reg1 phosphatase complex partly restores glucose regulation of Snf1. We generated a set of 24 kinetic mathematical models based on dynamic data of Snf1 pathway activation and deactivation. The models that reproduced our experimental observations best featured (a) glucose regulation of both Snf1 phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, (b) determination of the Mig1 phosphorylation status in the absence of glucose by Snf1 activity only and (c) a regulatory step directing active Snf1 to Mig1 under glucose limitation. Hence it appears that glucose de-repression via Snf1-Mig1 is regulated by glucose via at least two independent steps: the control of activation of the Snf1 kinase and directing active Snf1 to inactivating its target Mig1.
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| 37. |
- Gutes, A., et al.
(författare)
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A flow injection voltammetric electronic tongue applied to paper mill industrial waters
- 2006
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Ingår i: Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical. - : Elsevier BV. - 0925-4005 .- 1873-3077. ; 115:1, s. 390-395
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A voltammetric electronic tongue with automated operation based on the flow injection (FIA) technique was applied to the characterization of wastewaters coming from the paper mill industry. A metallic multielectrode array - formed by platinum, gold and rhodium electrodes - was employed as the detection system, while the measurements were based on large amplitude pulse voltammetry (LAPV). LAPV consisted in scans of pulses from to 0 to 1.8 V at 0.2 V steps. Five current values were recorded for each pulse, so a set of 300 current values (three electrodes × 20 pulses × five values) was recorded for each sample. Samples were first discriminated using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), while Artificial Neural Networks were used for the characterization and prediction of chemical oxygen demand, conductivity and pH. The system may be used for the quick identification and monitoring of the quality of used waters in these industrial facilities. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Herlenius, Gustaf, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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[Intestinal transplantation--an experimental therapy which has become a realistic alternative]
- 2004
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Ingår i: Lakartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 101:38, s. 2874-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Outcome after intestinal transplantation has improved dramatically since the introduction of novel immunosuppressive agents and refined surgical techniques. Small bowel transplantation is now considered to be the best treatment modality for patients with life threatening complications of intestinal failure and parenteral nutrition. We hereby review the international experience as well as the first ten cases of intestinal transplantation performed in Sweden.
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| 41. |
- Hitimana, Regis, et al.
(författare)
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Health-related quality of life determinants among Rwandan women after delivery: does antenatal care utilization matter? A cross-sectional study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Health Population and Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1606-0997 .- 2072-1315. ; 37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Despite the widespread use of antenatal care (ANC), its effectiveness in low-resource settings remains unclear. In this study, self-reported health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was used as an alternative to other maternal health measures previously used to measure the effectiveness of antenatal care. The main objective of this study was to determine whether adequate antenatal care utilization is positively associated with women's HRQoL. Furthermore, the associations between the HRQoL during the first year (113 months) after delivery and socio-economic and demographic factors were explored in Rwanda. Methods: In 2014, we performed a cross-sectional population-based survey involving 922 women who gave birth 1-13 months prior to the data collection. The study population was randomly selected from two provinces in Rwanda, and a structured questionnaire was used. HRQoL was measured using the EQ-5D-3L and a visual analogue scale (VAS). The average HRQoL scores were computed by demographic and socio-economic characteristics. The effect of adequate antenatal care utilization on HRQoL was tested by performing two multivariable linear regression models with the EQ-5D and EQ-VAS scores as the outcomes and ANC utilization and socio-economic and demographic variables as the predictors. Results: Adequate ANC utilization affected women's HRQoL when the outcome was measured using the EQ-VAS. Social support and living in a wealthy household were associated with a better HRQoL using both the EQ-VAS and EQ-5D. Cohabitating, and single/unmarried women exhibited significantly lower HRQoL scores than did married women in the EQ-VAS model, and women living in urban areas exhibited lower HRQoL scores than women living in rural areas in the ED-5D model. The effect of education on HRQoL was statistically significant using the EQ-VAS but was inconsistent across the educational categories. The women's age and the age of their last child were not associated with their HRQoL. Conclusions: ANC attendance of at least four visits should be further promoted and used in low-income settings. Strategies to improve families' socio-economic conditions and promote social networks among women, particularly women at the reproductive age, are needed.
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| 42. |
- Hitimana, Regis, et al.
(författare)
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Health related quality of life determinants for Rwandan women after delivery
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 27:Suppl_3, s. 436-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Health related quality of life determinants for Rwandan women after delivery. Does Antenatal care utilization matter? Maternal health conditions are still a major problem in most low-income countries. The postpartum health status and the effect of antenatal care utilization on health are relatively under researched. This study aims at (1) assessing whether receipt of antenatal care according to Rwandan guidelines is associated with mother’s health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and (2) exploring determinants associated with mother’s HRQoL in the first year (1-13 months) after delivery in Rwanda. In 2014 a cross-sectional survey was conducted on 922 women from Kigali City and Northern province of Rwanda, who gave birth in the period of 1–13 months prior to survey. The study population was randomly selected and interviewed using a questionnaire. HRQoL was measured using EQ-5D-3L. Average values of HRQoL were computed by demographic and socio-economic characteristics. The effect of adequate antenatal care on HRQoL was tested in two multivariable linear regression models - with EQ-5D weights and the Visual Analogue Scale score as outcomes respectively - with ANC adequacy and socio-demographic and psychosocial variables as predictors. Mean HRQoL was 0.92 using EQ-5D and 69.58 using EQ-VAS. Fifteen per cent reported moderate pain/discomfort and 1% reported extreme pain/discomfort, 16% reported being moderately anxious/depressed and 3% reported being extremely anxious/depressed. Having more than one child and being cohabitant or single/not married was associated with significantly lower HRQoL, while having good social support and belonging to the highest wealth quintile was associated with higher HRQoL. Antenatal care utilization was not associated with HRQoL among postpartum mothers. Policy makers should address the social determinants of health, and promote social networks among women. There is a need to assess the quality of Antenatal care in Rwanda.Key messages:Health related quality of life among postpartum mothers is high. Pain or discomfort and anxiety of depression are most prevalent problems.Antenatal care utilization was not associated with HRQoL among postpartum mothers. Rather social determinants of health are important in determining mother's HRQoL
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| 43. |
- Hitimana, Regis, et al.
(författare)
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Incremental cost and health gains of the 2016 WHO antenatal care recommendations for Rwanda: results from expert elicitation
- 2019
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Ingår i: Health Research Policy and Systems. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1478-4505. ; 17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: High-quality evidence of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness is rarely available and relevant for health policy decisions in low-resource settings. In such situations, innovative approaches are needed to generate locally relevant evidence. This study aims to inform decision-making on antenatal care (ANC) recommendations in Rwanda by estimating the incremental cost-effectiveness of the recent (2016) WHO antenatal care recommendations compared to current practice in Rwanda. Methods: Two health outcome scenarios (optimistic, pessimistic) in terms of expected maternal and perinatal mortality reduction were constructed using expert elicitation with gynaecologists/obstetricians currently practicing in Rwanda. Three costing scenarios were constructed from the societal perspective over a 1-year period. The two main inputs to the cost analyses were a Monte Carlo simulation of the distribution of ANC attendance for a hypothetical cohort of 373,679 women and unit cost estimation of the new recommendations using data from a recent primary costing study of current ANC practice in Rwanda. Results were reported in 2015 USD and compared with the 2015 Rwandan per-capita gross domestic product (US$ 697). Results: Incremental health gains were estimated as 162,509 life-years saved (LYS) in the optimistic scenario and 65,366 LYS in the pessimistic scenario. Incremental cost ranged between $5.8 and $11 million (an increase of 42% and 79%, respectively, compared to current practice) across the costing scenarios. In the optimistic outcome scenario, incremental cost per LYS ranged between $36 (for low ANC attendance) and $67 (high ANC attendance), while in the pessimistic outcome scenario, it ranged between $90 (low ANC attendance) and $168 (high ANC attendance) per LYS. Incremental cost effectiveness was below the GDP-based thresholds in all six scenarios. Discussion: Implementing the new WHO ANC recommendations in Rwanda would likely be very cost-effective; however, the additional resource requirements are substantial. This study demonstrates how expert elicitation combined with other data can provide an affordable source of locally relevant evidence for health policy decisions in low-resource settings.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Kjaergaard, M., et al.
(författare)
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Superconducting Qubits: Current State of Play
- 2020
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Ingår i: Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics. - : Annual Reviews. - 1947-5454 .- 1947-5462. ; 11, s. 369-395
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Superconducting qubits are leading candidates in the race to build a quantum computer capable of realizing computations beyond the reach of modern supercomputers. The superconducting qubit modality has been used to demonstrate prototype algorithms in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) technology era, in which non-error-corrected qubits are used to implement quantum simulations and quantum algorithms. With the recent demonstrations of multiple high-fidelity, two-qubit gates as well as operations on logical qubits in extensible superconducting qubit systems, this modality also holds promise for the longer-term goal of building larger-scale error-corrected quantum computers. In this brief review, we discuss several of the recent experimental advances in qubit hardware, gate implementations, readout capabilities, early NISQ algorithm implementations, and quantum error correction using superconducting qubits. Although continued work on many aspects of this technology is certainly necessary, the pace of both conceptual and technical progress in recent years has been impressive, and here we hope to convey the excitement stemming from this progress.
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| 46. |
- Kontogeorgos, Georgios, et al.
(författare)
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Low health-related quality of life in hypoparathyroidism and need for PTH analog
- 2022
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Ingår i: Endocrine Connections. - 2049-3614. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) is a rare endocrine disorder in which insufficient levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) lead to low serum calcium (S-Ca) levels and muscular cramps. The aim was to study the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and comorbidities in patients with HypoPT compared with the general population and to estimate the need of treatment with PTH analog. Design: Patients with HypoPT were identified and compared with a population sample. Short Form-36 (SF-36) and EuroQol-5 Dimensions Visual Analogue Scale questionnaires were used. All patients were followed up at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital outpatient clinic. Methods: From the medical records between 2007 and 2020, 203 patients with HypoPT were identified and compared with a population sample (n = 414) from the World Health Organization’s (WHO) MONICA project, Gothenburg, Sweden. Of the 203 patients who met the diagnostic criteria, 164 were alive and 65% answered the HRQoL questionnaires. Results: Patients with HypoPT, 80% postsurgical, and controls had similar age (60 years) and sex distribution (80% women). Patients had lower SF-36 summary component scores for physical (40.0 (interquartile range (IQR): 21) vs 51.2 (IQR: 14.6); P < 0.001) and mental (43.1 (IQR:17.4) vs 56.1(IQR:13.3); P < 0.001) well-being, irrespective of etiology or calcium levels. Individuals with HypoPT had more medications and lower renal function but not higher mortality than controls. Low HRQoL together with low calcium was present in 23% of individuals with HypoPT. Conclusion: HRQoL was markedly lower in patients with HypoPT than in controls and independent of S-Ca levels. Treatment with PTH analog could be considered at least among patients with both low HRQoL and low calcium levels. © 2022 The authors.
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| 47. |
- Kontogeorgos, Georgios, et al.
(författare)
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Teriparatide treatment in severe osteoporosis - a controlled 10-year follow-up study
- 2022
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Ingår i: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2474. ; 23:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Teriparatide was the first anabolic agent recommended for the treatment of osteoporosis. Long-term real-world, controlled studies are not available. The purpose was to evaluate the long-term effects of treatment with teriparatide on fractures and Health Related Quality of Life in subjects with established osteoporosis in comparison with placebo treated patients with osteoporosis and the general population. Methods A 10-year follow-up was performed after a prospective, open-labelled study with teriparatide 20 mu g given subcutaneously daily for a mean of 18 months (range 14-24 months) in 40 women, mean age 69 years, with osteoporosis and vertebral compression. Placebo treated women, n = 25, mean age 60 years, from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled growth hormone trial with daily subcutaneous injections for 18 months, with osteoporosis were used as controls. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry and questionnaires were performed at start, after 18 months, after 36 months and after 10 years. Women, n = 233, of similar age from a random population sample, also served as controls and were followed in parallel. All fractures were X-ray verified. Results Fractures decreased from 100 to 35% in the teriparatide treated patients (p < 0.0001) to similar levels as in the population sample, 25 to 28% at start and after 10 years, respectively. Bone mineral density increased on teriparatide but returned to levels at treatment start after 10 years. Health Related Quality of Life was lower in the teriparatide group than in the population (p < 0.001) before and, after treatment and at 10 years. Conclusions Anabolic hormonal treatment with teriparatide reduced fracture prevalence to similar levels as in the general population at 10 years' follow-up. Health Related Quality of Life was low in osteoporosis and unaffected by bone specific treatment.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Krantz, Philip, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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A quantum engineer's guide to superconducting qubits
- 2019
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Ingår i: Applied Physics Reviews. - : AIP Publishing. - 1931-9401. ; 6:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this review is to provide quantum engineers with an introductory guide to the central concepts and challenges in the rapidly accelerating field of superconducting quantum circuits. Over the past twenty years, the field has matured from a predominantly basic research endeavor to a one that increasingly explores the engineering of larger-scale superconducting quantum systems. Here, we review several foundational elements-qubit design, noise properties, qubit control, and readout techniques-developed during this period, bridging fundamental concepts in circuit quantum electrodynamics and contemporary, state-of-The-Art applications in gate-model quantum computation.
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