| 1. |
- Baraldi, Enrico, Professor, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Managing interorganizational interactions for social impact : A study of two antibiotics R&D networks
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Business Research. - : Elsevier. - 0148-2963 .- 1873-7978. ; 141, s. 264-278
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper relies on a comparative case study of two antibiotics R&D networks, ENABLE and CARB-X, to understand how interorganizational interactions can be managed to achieve social impact. In particular, we investigate (1) how particular management mechanisms and interorganizational interactions relate to the network's intended social impact, and (2) how these management mechanisms influence interorganizational interactions. We find that (1) the intended social impact influences the choice of management mechanisms from the very start of a partnership and orients the kind of interactions occurring within the network, and (2) that management mechanisms can shape the interactions unfolding in the network, but that the structural elements of these interactions also make these mechanisms more or less applicable to the network. We contribute to the Industrial Marketing & Purchasing (IMP) view with a model of managing networks building on the three concepts of: intended social impact, management mechanisms, and interorganizational interactions.
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| 2. |
- Kronlid, Carl
(författare)
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Engineered temporary networks : Effects of control and temporality on inter-organizational interaction
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The world is facing a growing threat of antibiotic resistance. The development of new antibiotics is of utmost importance; otherwise, we go back to the pre-antibiotic era where common infections become life-threatening. Despite this need for new antibiotics, a market failure is hampering its development. To mitigate this market failure, policy makers have initiated inter-organizational R&D projects for antibiotic development. These projects involve different actors, are intentionally created, and have clearly defined objectives, as well as duration, for developing new antibiotics. These initiatives can be seen as engineered temporary networks. Engineered temporary networks need to be managed in order to avoid the risk of not reaching the network objectives. Managing these networks is a matter of formally controlling the interaction among the organizations involved in the networks, making sure that the network proceeds toward its objectives. The aim of this thesis is to understand the effects of formal control mechanisms used to engineer a temporary network on inter-organizational interaction, with a special focus on temporality. The thesis uses a case study of ENABLE, an engineered temporary network initiated by the EU to develop a specific set of antibiotics. The formal control mechanisms are identified, including the use of temporality as a formal control mechanism. The effects of the control mechanisms are analyzed on the dyadic and network levels, for example, in terms of e.g., heterogeneity, interdependence, and co-evolution, on the activity, resource, and actor layers in line with the Industrial Marketing and Purchasing (IMP) perspective. The formal control mechanisms are grouped into five categories (mobilization, coordination, cooperation, performance, and temporality), highlighting key aspects of engineered temporary networks to be controlled. The thesis also identifies differences between emergent networks and engineered temporary networks in how interaction is structured and develops over time. In contrast to emergent networks where inter-organizational interaction occurs freely and has agency in organizing and structuring the network, it is formal control that organizes and structures engineered temporary networks, while the agency of interaction is limited. The thesis contributes to the literature on industrial networks and network management, explicitly highlighting the use of formal control and its effects on inter-organizational interaction.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Kronlid, Carl, et al.
(författare)
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Time-constrained interactions in public-private collaboration projects. The case of ENABLE
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of business & industrial marketing. - : Emerald. - 0885-8624 .- 2052-1189. ; 35:6, s. 1037-1050
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This paper aims to focus on time-constrained interactions involving industry and public actors, mainly universities, conducting research. This kind of interaction has become increasingly important to develop new pharmaceuticals, especially antibiotics. The proposed theoretical frame relies on industrial marketing and purchasing’s interactive perspective on inter-organizational relationships and especially the activities, resource, actors model, combined with key concepts on temporary organizing and project management. This study identifies the temporality and time constraints imposed by this project on public–private interactions, specific coordination tools used to create such temporality and time constraints and their consequences, including positive and negative effects for the interacting parties.Design/methodology/approach: The study builds on a single in-depth qualitative case study of a major antibiotics R&D collaboration project called ENABLE.Findings: For negative consequences, this model includes the need for constantly rebuilding trust due to fast turnover of actors, difficulties in combining resources as efficiently as possible, resource constraints, bottlenecks and neglect of some activities, such as publishing, which are normally pivotal for universities. Despite these problematic consequences of temporality, resources are rapidly made available and new competencies learned quickly. Another positive effect is the possibility to achieve complex adaptations of resources and activities even in short time frames. Importantly, projects can act as a springboard for the parties to continue collaboration and in the long term develop a continuous business relationship.Originality/value: Based on the findings the authors develop a model of time-constrained inter-organizational interaction between public and private organizations.
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| 5. |
- Okhravi, Christopher, et al.
(författare)
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Simulating Market Entry Rewards for Antibiotics Development
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics. - : SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC. - 1073-1105 .- 1748-720X. ; 46, s. 32-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We design an agent based Monte Carlo model of antibiotics research and development (R&D) to explore the effects of the policy intervention known as Market Entry Reward (MER) on the likelihood that an antibiotic entering pre-clinical development reaches the market. By means of sensitivity analysis we explore the interaction between the MER and four key parameters: projected net revenues, R&D costs, venture capitalists discount rates, and large pharmaceutical organizations' financial thresholds. We show that improving revenues may be more efficient than reducing costs, and thus confirm that this pull-based policy intervention effectively stimulates antibiotics R&D.
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| 6. |
- Okhravi, Christopher, et al.
(författare)
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Simulating Market-Oriented Policy Interventions for Stimulating Antibiotics Development
- 2017
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Ingår i: ANSS '17 Proceedings of the 50th Annual Simulation Symposium. - : ACM Digital Library.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The relative efficacy of intervention policies, aimed at stimulating development of antibiotics, can be estimated using Agent Based simulation. We propose that antibiotics development can be modeled as Markov Chains with time and cash loaded transitions, and that many intervention policies can be modeled as alterations to the stochastic distributions of said Markov Chains. Through the combination of these two models, Agent Based simulation can be used to estimate the relationship between interventions and the Expected Net Present Value of products. We apply this modeling to an intervention policy proposed by the EU-initiative DRIVE-AB, targeting the urgent need for antibiotics research and development due to increasing resistance. We focus on variants fully delinking profit from volume sales, and show that (1) implementation variations lead to differences in outcomes, and that (2) they exhibit diminishing returns.
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| 7. |
- Palm, Klas, PhD, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Identifying and Addressing Barriers and Facilitators for the Implementation of Internet of Things in Distributed Care : Protocol for a Case Study
- 2023
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Ingår i: JMIR Research Protocols. - : JMIR Publications. - 1929-0748. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The internet of things (IoT) is recognized as a valuable approach to supporting health care to achieve quality and person-centered care. This study aims to identify the facilitators and barriers associated with implementing IoT solutions in health care within a Scandinavian context. It addresses the pressing need to adapt health care systems to the demographic changes occurring in Scandinavia. The vision of "Vision eHealth 2025," a long-term strategic direction for digitalization in Sweden, serves as the background for this project. The implementation of IoT solutions is a crucial aspect of achieving the vision's goal of making Sweden a global leader in using digitalization and eHealth opportunities by 2025. IoT is recognized as a valuable approach to supporting health care to achieve quality and person-centered care. Previous research has shown that there is a gap in our understanding of social and organizational challenges related to IoT and that the implementation and introduction of new technology in health care is often problematic.Objective: In this study, we will identify facilitating and hindering factors for the implementation of IoT solutions in social and health care.Methods: We will use an explorative design with a case study approach. The data collection will comprise questionnaires and qualitative interviews. Also, a literature review will be conducted at the start of the project. Thus, quantitative and qualitative data will be collected concurrently and integrated into a convergent mixed methods approach.Results: As of June 2023, data for the review and 22 interviews with the stakeholders have been performed. The co-design with stakeholders will be performed in the fall of 2023.Conclusions: This study represents a unique and innovative opportunity to gain new knowledge relevant and useful for future implementation of new technology at health care organizations so they can continue to offer high-quality, person-centered care. The outcomes of this research will contribute to a better understanding of the conditions necessary to implement and fully use the potential of IoT solutions. By developing cocreated implementation strategies, the study seeks to bridge the gap between theory and practice. Ultimately, this project aims to facilitate the adoption of IoT solutions in health care for promoting improved patient care and using technology to meet the evolving needs of health care.
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