| 1. |
- Dehnert, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Cosmogenic isotope burial dating of fluvial sediments from the Lower Rhine Embayment, Germany
- 2011
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Ingår i: Quaternary Geochronology. - 1871-1014 .- 1878-0350.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cosmogenic isotope burial dating, using 10Be and 26Al, was applied to PlioePleistocene fluvial successionsfrom the Lower Rhine Embayment, Germany. The approach consists of three principal steps: (1)measurement of cosmogenic nuclides in depth profiles, (2) modelling of hypothetical nuclide concentrationsbased on a first-order conceptualisation of the geological context and the principal succession ofdepositions and subsequent erosional and burial phases, and (3) using parameter estimation to identifyvalues for the a priori unknown model parameters (burial age, initial nuclide concentrations, terraceerosion rates) that result in minimal disagreement between hypothetical and measured nuclideconcentrations.
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| 2. |
- May, Jan-Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Reconstruction of a complex late Quaternary glacial landscape in the Cordillera de Cochabamba (Bolivia) based on a morphostratigraphic and multiple dating approach.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Quaternary Research. - 0033-5894 .- 1096-0287. ; 76, s. 106-118
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although glacial landscapes have previously been used for the reconstruction of late Quaternary glaciations inthe Central Andes, only few data exist for the Eastern Cordillera in Bolivia. Here, we present results fromdetailed morphostratigraphic mapping and new data of surface exposure dating (SED), optically stimulatedluminescence (OSL), and radiocarbon dating (14C) from the Huara Loma Valley, Cordillera de Cochabamba(Bolivia). Discrepancies between individual dating methods could be addressed within the context of a solidgeomorphic framework. We identified two major glaciations. The older is not well constrained by theavailable data, whereas the younger glaciation is subdivided into at least four major glacial stages. Regardingthe latter, a first advance dated to ~29–25 ka occurred roughly contemporaneous with the onset of the globallast glacial maximum (LGM) and was followed by a less extensive (re-)advance around 20–18 ka. The locallast glacial maximum (LLGM) in the Huara Loma Valley took place during the humid lateglacial ~17–16 ka,followed by several smaller readvances until ~10–11 ka, and complete deglaciation at the end of the EarlyHolocene.
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| 3. |
- Muscheler, Raimund, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in the carbon cycle during the last deglaciation as indicated by the comparison of Be-10 and C-14 records
- 2004
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Ingår i: Earth and Planetary Science Letters. - 1385-013X. ; 219:3-4, s. 325-340
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The variations in atmospheric radiocarbon (C-14) concentration during the last 50 000 years can be attributed to changes in the C-14 production rate (due to changes in solar activity, the geomagnetic field and/or interstellar galactic cosmic ray flux) and to changes in the global carbon cycle. The relative contributions of these processes is the subject of current debate. Although the discrepancies between the various reconstructions of the past atmospheric radiocarbon concentration increase with age, the relatively good agreement over the last 25 000 years allows a quantitative discussion of the causes of the observed C-14 variations for this period. Using Be-10 measurements from Greenland Summit ice cores, we show that, in addition to solar and geomagnetically induced production rate changes, significant changes in the carbon cycle have to be considered to explain the measured C-14 concentrations. There is evidence that these changes are connected to: (1) global deglaciation and (2) climate changes in the North Atlantic region on centennial to millennial time scales related to changes in the ocean circulation. Differences between Be-10 and geomagnetic field records, however, suggest that uncertainties of about 20% still exist in determinations of past changes in the C-14 production rate. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Scharf, Taryn E., et al.
(författare)
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Strong rocks sustain ancient postorogenic topography in southern Africa
- 2013
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Ingår i: Geology. - 0091-7613 .- 1943-2682. ; 41:3, s. 331-334
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Cape Mountains of southern Africa exhibit an alpine-like topography in conjunction with some of the lowest denudation rates in the world. This presents an exception to the often-cited coupling of topography and denudation rates and suggests that steep slopes alone are not sufficient to incite the high denudation rates with which they are commonly associated. Within the Cape Mountains, slope angles are often in excess of 30 degrees and relief frequently exceeds 1 km, yet Be-10-based catchment-averaged denudation rates vary between 2.32 +/- 0.29 m/m.y. and 7.95 +/- 0.90 m/m.y. We attribute the maintenance of rugged topography and suppression of denudation rates primarily to the presence of physically robust and chemically inert quartzites that constitute the backbone of the mountains. Be-10-based bedrock denudation rates on the interfluves of the mountains vary between 1.98 +/- 0.23 m/m.y. and 4.61 +/- 0.53 m/m.y. The close agreement between the rates of catchment-averaged and interfluve denudation indicates topography in steady state. These low denudation rates, in conjunction with the suggestion of geomorphic stability, are in agreement with the low denudation rates (<20 m/m.y.) estimated for southern Africa during the late Cenozoic by means of cosmogenic nuclide, thermochronology, and offshore sedimentation analyses. Accumulatively, these data suggest that the coastal hinterland of the subcontinent may have experienced relative tectonic stability throughout the Cenozoic.
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