| 1. |
- Johansson, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Adaptation to abiotic stress factors and their effects on cereal and psuedocereal grain quality
- 2023
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Ingår i: Developing Sustainable and Health Promoting Cereals and Pseudocereals : Conventional and Molecular Breeding. - 9780323905664 ; , s. 339-358
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cereals and pseudocereals act as staple food crops in various regions of the world, with major contribution to human energy and nutrition. They are consumed primarily as bread, porridge, pancakes, or as whole grain alternatives. Quality of these crops is either related to the end uses or to their content of nutritionally important components. Abiotic stress has an influence on the physiological development of the plant, with in general a negative impact on yield, by severe effects from certain stresses on specific timings of the growth cycle. The impact on plant development also influences the uptake, transport, and storage of various compounds in the plant, and thus, also grain quality. Emerging novel technologies allow comparisons of large sets of phenotypic and genotypic data and development of markers useful for selection of suitable genotypes. Pyramiding genes for tolerance to a combination of abiotic stresses is a necessity for crops securing food to the coming generations.
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| 2. |
- Lama, Sbatie
(författare)
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Bread-making quality in a changing climate: In search of climate stable genotypes and robust screening methods for wheat
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Wheat is one of the major crops in the world serving as an important source of nutrients for human consumption. Fluctuating climate with increasing heat, drought and precipitation, as well as rising concentration of CO2 has been found to significantly affect yield and quality of wheat worldwide. This introductory paper presents latest overview on the effect of fluctuating climate on wheat yield and gluten protein quality with emphasis on bread-making quality in Sweden and worldwide. Wheat gluten protein quality, as the main determinant of bread making quality, has been discussed in relation to the impact from the climate change. The concentration of gluten proteins and the gluten protein types are greatly affected by the varying climate and by the rate and timing of nitrogen fertilizer. Breeding for wheat quality stability is one of the main strategies to tackle climate induced variation in wheat quality and to ensure food security in the world. Therefore, the urgent need is to develop wheat varieties that are adapted to climate fluctuations and could deliver consistent yields and sufficient qualities of the wheat flour for bread and other products over different locations and years. In regard to this, still several challenges exist, and these include a need of efficient and accurate methods to evaluate wheat quality stability, which has been briefly discussed in this paper. Use of latest modern analytical and breeding tools such as, proteomics and a high throughput plant phenotyping (HTPP), as potential ways to improve the genotype selection efficiency in breeding process have been also discussed. In addition, crop performance prediction models based on simulation and gene mapping may improve the selection efficiency and speed up the breeding process to develop new climate resilient wheat varieties. Currently used methods for assessing wheat flour quality and its suitability for bread-making by wheat breeders and the millers are classical rheological tests evaluated by farinograph, alveograph, extensograph and empirical tests such as, sedimentation volume measurement and bread baking. A large number of these quality tests together with great amount of wheat grains (2–5 kg) are required, are the challenging factors requiring new robust and efficient methods for wheat flour and bread quality evaluation. Therefore, a need to develop small scale reliable tests for assessing flour quality for bread-making is of high relevance for wheat breeding and baking industry. Combination of different small scale wheat quality screening tests, modern breeding tools and crop performance prediction models is needed in order to improve selection efficiency in development of climate stable wheat varieties.
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| 3. |
- Lama, Sbatie, et al.
(författare)
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Impacts of heat, drought, and combined heat-drought stress on yield, phenotypic traits, and gluten protein traits: capturing stability of spring wheat in excessive environments
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Plant Science. - 1664-462X. ; 14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wheat production and end-use quality are severely threatened by drought and heat stresses. This study evaluated stress impacts on phenotypic and gluten protein characteristics of eight spring wheat genotypes (Diskett, Happy, Bumble, SW1, SW2, SW3, SW4, and SW5) grown to maturity under controlled conditions (Biotron) using RGB imaging and size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC). Among the stress treatments compared, combined heat-drought stress had the most severe negative impacts on biomass (real and digital), grain yield, and thousand kernel weight. Conversely, it had a positive effect on most gluten parameters evaluated by SE-HPLC and resulted in a positive correlation between spike traits and gluten strength, expressed as unextractable gluten polymer (%UPP) and large monomeric protein (%LUMP). The best performing genotypes in terms of stability were Happy, Diskett, SW1, and SW2, which should be further explored as attractive breeding material for developing climate-resistant genotypes with improved bread-making quality. RGB imaging in combination with gluten protein screening by SE-HPLC could thus be a valuable approach for identifying climate stress-tolerant wheat genotypes.
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| 4. |
- Lama, Sbatie, et al.
(författare)
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Neofunctionalization of Mitochondrial Proteins and Incorporation into Signaling Networks in Plants
- 2019
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Ingår i: Molecular biology and evolution. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0737-4038 .- 1537-1719. ; 36:5, s. 974-989
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Because of their symbiotic origin, many mitochondrial proteins are well conserved across eukaryotic kingdoms. It is however less obvious how specific lineages have obtained novel nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins. Here, we report a case of mitochondrial neofunctionalization in plants. Phylogenetic analysis of genes containing the Domain of Unknown Function 295 (DUF295) revealed that the domain likely originated in Angiosperms. The C-terminal DUF295 domain is usually accompanied by an N-terminal F-box domain, involved in ubiquitin ligation via binding with ASK1/SKP1-type proteins. Due to gene duplication, the gene family has expanded rapidly, with 94 DUF295-related genes in Arabidopsis thaliana alone. Two DUF295 family subgroups have uniquely evolved and quickly expanded within Brassicaceae. One of these subgroups has completely lost the F-box, but instead obtained strongly predicted mitochondrial targeting peptides. We show that several representatives of this DUF295 Organellar group are effectively targeted to plant mitochondria and chloroplasts. Furthermore, many DUF295 Organellar genes are induced by mitochondrial dysfunction, whereas F-Box DUF295 genes are not. In agreement, several Brassicaceae-specific DUF295 Organellar genes were incorporated in the evolutionary much older ANAC017-dependent mitochondrial retrograde signaling pathway. Finally, a representative set of DUF295 T-DNA insertion mutants was created. No obvious aberrant phenotypes during normal growth and mitochondrial dysfunction were observed, most likely due to the large extent of gene duplication and redundancy. Overall, this study provides insight into how novel mitochondrial proteins can be created via "intercompartmental" gene duplication events. Moreover, our analysis shows that these newly evolved genes can then be specifically integrated into relevant, pre-existing coexpression networks.
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| 5. |
- Lama, Sbatie, et al.
(författare)
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Prolonged heat and drought versus cool climate on the Swedish spring wheat breeding lines : Impact on the gluten protein quality and grain microstructure
- 2022
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Ingår i: Food and Energy Security. - : Wiley. - 2048-3694. ; 11:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fluctuating climate, heat, and drought are expected to considerably impact bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) quality in the coming years and, as wheat is an essential food element worldwide, this will have significant implications for future food security and the global economy. This leads to an urgent need for developing wheat varieties with stable yield and gluten quality. In this study, we investigated the effect of heat and drought, compared to a cool climate, on gluten proteins in 294 spring wheat genotypes grown in 2017 and 2018 in Sweden. Gluten protein parameters were studied by size exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC) and grain morphology by X-ray tomography. The prolonged heat and drought led to: (i) increased gluten polymerization and the formation of large polymers, as defined by the percentage of unextractable polymers in total polymers (%UPP) and the percentage of large unextractable polymers in total large polymers (%LUPP); and (ii) increase in large monomers, as defined by the percentage of large unextractable monomers in the total large monomers (%LUMP) and the ratio of monomers versus polymers (Mon/Pol) in the flour. The cooler climate also led to an increase in total protein concentration and accumulation of the monomeric proteins and total SDS-extractable proteins (TOTE). No difference in the total amount of SDS-unextractable proteins (TOTU) was found between the studied climates. Due to the heat and drought stress, the grain yield decreased in most of the genotypes, while the grain microstructure varied only to a minor extent. The wheat genotypes identified in the study that provide good yields and stable gluten properties in both prolonged heat–drought and cool environments are strong candidates to contribute to a secure, self-sufficient future wheat supply in the face of an evolving climate in Sweden and in similar climates worldwide.
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| 6. |
- Lama, Sbatie, et al.
(författare)
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Striving for Stability in the Dough Mixing Quality of Spring Wheat under the Influence of Prolonged Heat and Drought
- 2022
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Ingår i: Plants. - : MDPI AG. - 2223-7747. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects of prolonged heat and drought stress and cool growing conditions on dough mixing quality traits of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were studied in fifty-six genotypes grown in 2017 and 2018 in southern Sweden. The mixing parameters evaluated by mixograph and the gluten protein characteristics studied by size exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC) in dough were compared between the two growing seasons which were very different in length, temperature and precipitation. The genotypes varying in gluten strength between the growing seasons (<= 5%, <= 12%, and <= 17%) from three groups (stable (S), moderately stable (MS), and of varying stability (VS)) were studied. The results indicate that most of the mixing parameters were more strongly impacted by the interaction between the group, genotype, and year than by their individual contribution. The excessive prolonged heat and drought did not impact the buildup and mixing time expressed as peak time and time 1-2. The gluten polymeric proteins (unextractable, %UPP; total unextractable, TOTU) and large unextractable monomeric proteins (%LUMP) were closely associated with buildup and water absorption in dough. Major significant differences were found in the dough mixing parameters between the years within each group. In Groups S and MS, the majority of genotypes showed the smallest variation in the dough mixing parameters responsible for the gluten strength and dough development between the years. The mixing parameters such as time 1-2, buildup, and peak time (which were not affected by prolonged heat and drought stress) together with the selected gluten protein parameters (%UPP, TOTU, and %LUMP) are essential components to be used in future screening of dough mixing quality in wheat in severe growing environments.
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| 7. |
- Lama, Sbatie
(författare)
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Wheat quality under a climate spell : a focus on protein, physico-chemical and growth characteristics evaluated by innovatively combined approaches
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The quality of bread is largely determined by the gluten protein concentration and composition, both greatly influenced by environmental factors such as heat and drought. Future climate in Sweden is expected to fluctuate severely, affecting gluten proteins and the production of bread wheat, as well as future availability of food. The thesis aimed to enhance knowledge of the effect of varying climates on the glutenprotein quality in Swedish wheat and to evaluate new methods for yield and gluten protein screening in order to assist in future wheat breeding programs. In this thesis, plant growth-yield traits and gluten protein quality in flour and dough were studied in Swedish wheat of varying genetic backgrounds and imported varieties, all grown in diverse environments in Sweden.Red-green-blue (RGB) imaging and analytical chromatography tools, such as size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC) and mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), as well as near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) were used to study wheat plants and flour materials. A mixograph was used to prepare dough in this study. Robust flour sedimentation methods, such as swelling index of glutenins (SIG) and solvent retention capacity (SRC), were used to examine the gluten protein characteristics of wheat flour from varying growing environments and were compared to industrial flour screening methods.The results show that the combined heat-drought stresses negatively affected biomass, yield and thousand-kernel weight (TKW) in the wheat studied. During extreme heat and prolonged drought, higher amounts of large polymeric gluten proteins (%UPP) were observed in the spring wheat flours in both field and controlledgrowth environments. Total extractable gluten protein (TOTE) was higher in the wheat genotypes grown in the cool climate in the field and combined heat-drought stress in the greenhouse. No difference in optimum dough mixing time in wheat from different years was observed. Dough mixing time, together with the gluten protein parameters (%UPP and TOTE) could be promising traits for gluten stability evaluation in varying climates. RGB imaging in combination with SE-HPLC can be useful in screening stable wheat genotypes for yield and gluten quality in varying climates. A combination of robust small-scale sedimentation tests to assess wheat flour suitability for bread-making, SIG in diluted lactic acid, SRC and SE-HPLC can be effectively used for efficient screening of wheat resilient to climate change. The new set of combined methods that include plant imaging, flour sedimentation, analytical chromatography and NIR, is of the greatest interest for both breeding and breadbaking industries to evaluate wheat in a changing climate.
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| 8. |
- Tran, Huy Cuong, et al.
(författare)
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An mTRAN-mRNA interaction mediates mitochondrial translation initiation in plants
- 2023
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Ingår i: Science. - 1095-9203. ; 381:6661
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plant mitochondria represent the largest group of respiring organelles on the planet. Plant mitochondrial messenger RNAs (mRNAs) lack Shine-Dalgarno-like ribosome-binding sites, so it is unknown how plant mitoribosomes recognize mRNA. We show that “mitochondrial translation factors” mTRAN1 and mTRAN2 are land plant–specific proteins, required for normal mitochondrial respiration chain biogenesis. Our studies suggest that mTRANs are noncanonical pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR)–like RNA binding proteins of the mitoribosomal “small” subunit. We identified conserved Adenosine (A)/Uridine (U)-rich motifs in the 5′ regions of plant mitochondrial mRNAs. mTRAN1 binds this motif, suggesting that it is a mitoribosome homing factor to identify mRNAs. We demonstrate that mTRANs are likely required for translation of all plant mitochondrial mRNAs. Plant mitochondrial translation initiation thus appears to use a protein-mRNA interaction that is divergent from bacteria or mammalian mitochondria.
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| 9. |
- van Moerkercke, Alex, et al.
(författare)
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A MYC2/MYC3/MYC4-dependent transcription factor network regulates water spray-responsive gene expression and jasmonate levels
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 116:46, s. 23345-23356
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mechanical stimuli, such as wind, rain, and touch affect plant development, growth, pest resistance, and ultimately reproductive success. Using water spray to simulate rain, we demonstrate that jasmonic acid (JA) signaling plays a key role in early gene-expression changes, well before it leads to developmental changes in flowering and plant architecture. The JA-activated transcription factors MYC2/MYC3/MYC4 modulate transiently induced expression of 266 genes, most of which peak within 30 min, and control 52% of genes induced >100-fold. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing analysis indicates that MYC2 dynamically binds >1,300 promoters and trans-activation assays show that MYC2 activates these promoters. By mining our multiomic datasets, we identified a core MYC2/MYC3/MYC4-dependent “regulon” of 82 genes containing many previously unknown MYC2 targets, including transcription factors bHLH19 and ERF109. bHLH19 can in turn directly activate the ORA47 promoter, indicating that MYC2/MYC3/MYC4 initiate a hierarchical network of downstream transcription factors. Finally, we also reveal that rapid water spray-induced accumulation of JA and JA-isoleucine is directly controlled by MYC2/ MYC3/MYC4 through a positive amplification loop that regulates JA-biosynthesis genes.
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