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| 2. |
- Engstrand, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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A novel biodegradable delivery system for bone morphogenetic protein-2.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Plastic and reconstructive surgery. - 1529-4242. ; 121:6, s. 1920-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The efficacy of recombinant growth factors in vivo is highly dependent on the delivery vehicle. The authors investigated the osteoinductive effects of recombinant human bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP)-2 implanted together with a complex of heparin and chitosan. METHODS: Sixty rats were used. Three different carriers in gel formulation (type I collagen, heparin/type I collagen, and heparin/chitosan) were mixed with either 0, 10, or 50 microg of BMP-2, making the number of groups nine. The gels were injected into the quadriceps muscles of both legs in 45 rats (n = 10 per group). Freeze-dried formulations of the carriers were also tested with the same amounts of BMP-2 using 15 rats (n = 5 per group). Four weeks after implantation, the quality and amount of newly formed bone were assessed. RESULTS: Chitosan was shown to protect the heparinase-mediated degradation of heparin in vitro. The osteoinductive effects of BMP-2 in combination with heparin/chitosan were superior as compared with BMP-2 implanted together with type I collagen. Interestingly, the heparin/chitosan complex induced a small amount of bone also without BMP-2 added. The heparin/chitosan was completely absorbed after 4 weeks as determined by histologic evaluation, and a normal active bone formation was present. The freeze-dried formulations of the carriers demonstrated similar osteoinductive effects as the gels. CONCLUSIONS: An osteoinductive formula for clinical use is needed for general bone reconstruction. Heparin in complex with chitosan has the ability to stabilize or activate the growth factor in vivo and induce the generation of new bone in good yields.
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| 4. |
- Larm, Lars
(författare)
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'Chinjutsu' revisited
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Modality Workshop [funded] via Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research. ; 5, s. 53-63
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Larm, Lars
(författare)
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Deontic modality : the case of beki da
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Modality Workshop [funded] via Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research. ; 7, s. 1-8
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Larm, Lars
(författare)
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Modal concord in Japanese, English, and Swedish
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Modality Workshop [funded] via Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research. ; 6, s. 33-43
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Larm, Lars, 1965
(författare)
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Modal concord in Swedish and Japanese
- 2019
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Ingår i: Sawada, H., Nitta, Y. & Yamanashi, M. (eds) Bamen to shutaisei/shukansei (Situation and subjectivity). - Tokyo : Hituzi Syobo Publishing. - 9784894768444 ; , s. 403-424
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 11. |
- Larm, Lars
(författare)
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Modality packaging from a Japanese perspective
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Modality Workshop [funded] via Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research: Semantic and Pragmatic Study of Modality.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 12. |
- Larm, Lars
(författare)
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Modality packaging in Japanese : the encoding of modal meanings and subjectivity
- 2014
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Ingår i: Studies in Pragmatics. - 1750-368X. ; 16, s. 20-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper focuses on the grammatical expression or ‘packaging’ of modality in Japanese. I consider two aspects: (1) the grammatical encoding of epistemic, deontic, and evidential notions with English as a point of comparison, and (2) the co-encoding of modality and subjectivity. As for the former aspect, the comparison between Japanese and English exemplifies how languages can take different strategies for grammatical modality packaging, linking and encoding cognitive categories in language-specific ways. Regarding the latter aspect, I discuss how modal markers exhibit different degrees of subjectivity. Not only epistemic modality, whose subjective character is often mentioned in the literature, but also deontic and evidential modality can be subjective or objective. I also consider the broader implications for linguistic theory.
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| 13. |
- Larm, Lars
(författare)
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Nihongo no kankeisetsu ni kansuru koosatsu
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2013 Spring Workshop on Japanese Language Education. ; , s. 39-42
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 15. |
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| 18. |
- Larm, Lars
(författare)
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The inferential present perfect revisited
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Modality Workshop [funded]via Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research. ; 3, s. 15-24
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 23. |
- Mattsby-Baltzer, Inger, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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Affinity apheresis for treatment of bacteremia caused by Staphylococcus aureus and/or methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA).
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of microbiology and biotechnology. - 1738-8872. ; 21:6, s. 659-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Staphylococcus aureus (SA) bacteremia is associated with high mortality, and often results in metastatic infections. The methicillin-resistant SA (MRSA) is an urgent health care issue, as nosocomial infections with these bacteria represent limited treatment alternatives. Samples of whole blood containing challenge inoculums of SA and MRSA strains were passed through columns packed with surface-heparinized polyethylene beads. The bound bacteria were eluted and quantitatively determined by culturing and by real-time PCR. Significant amounts of both SA and MRSA adhered to the heparinized beads (more than 65% of inoculated bacteria). After rinsing with buffer at high ionic strength, viable bacteria or bacterial DNA were eluted from the columns, indicating that the binding was specific. The conclusions that can be made from these experiments are that, as earlier reported in the literature, the high affinity of SA to heparin is retained in whole blood, and MRSA in whole blood binds to heparin with similar or higher affinity than SA. It should be possible to lower the amount of SA and/or MRSA from the blood of infected patients to levels that could be taken care of by the immune system. In previous studies, we have shown that passing blood from septic patients over beads coated with end-point-attached, biologically active heparin is a useful technique for regulating the levels of heparin-binding cytokine. These findings in combination with the present findings indicate the possibility of creating an apheresis technology for treatment of sepsis caused by SA and/or MRSA.
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| 24. |
- Raninen, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Normalization of Non-Drinking? Health, School Situation and Social Relations among Swedish Ninth Graders That Drink and Do Not Drink Alcohol
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 18:21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alcohol consumption is a major contributor to the disease burden among adolescents. The adolescent alcohol abstainer is still often depicted as problematic in the research literature and in prominent theoretical frameworks. However, over the past two decades, there has been a marked trend of declining youth drinking in Sweden. The declining trend has led to a shift in the majority behaviour of youth, from drinking to non-drinking. It is plausible that this trend has also shifted the position of non-drinkers. This paper examines the position of non-drinkers in a nationally representative sample of Swedish adolescents. A survey was carried out in 2017 in 500 randomly selected schools. A total of 5549 respondents (15–16-year-olds) agreed to participate and answered the questionnaire. A minority (42.8%) had consumed alcohol during their lifetime. The results show that non-drinkers had better health and school performance when compared to drinkers. The results also showed that there were no differences in the social position between non-drinkers and drinkers. These findings are new and indicate a changed position of non-drinkers among Swedish adolescents. With non-drinking being the majority behaviour among Swedish adolescents this seems to have shifted the position of non-drinkers. There is a need for research on the long-term importance of not drinking during adolescence.
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| 25. |
- Raninen, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Reasons Not to Drink Alcohol among 9th Graders in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Substance Use & Misuse. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1082-6084 .- 1532-2491. ; 57:11, s. 1747-1750
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM Alcohol is one of the leading contributors to the disease burden among young people. Drinking motives are one of the strongest factors influencing drinking behaviors among youth, yet we know little about reasons for why young people do not drink. The aim of the present study is to examine reasons for not drinking in a nationally representative sample of Swedish youth.DATA AND METHODS Data from a survey of a nationally representative sample of students in year 9 (15-16 years old) was used. Data was collected in 2017 and the total sample comprise 5549 respondents. Ten items measured reasons not to drink alcohol. Comparisons were made between drinkers and nondrinkers in endorsement of the reasons for not drinking. A multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to examine the relative importance of the different reasons.RESULTS That alcohol is bad for health and parents disapproval of drinking was the most commonly endorsed reasons both among drinkers and nondrinkers. The multivariable analysis showed that the strongest association with being a nondrinker was found for “Alcohol tastes horrible” (OR 2.995), “I have religious reasons for not drinking” (OR 2.775), “People who drink lose control in an unpleasant way” (OR 2.460) and “Drinking is too likely to lead to serious accidents” (OR 2.458).DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Harm avoidance and religious reasons are the most important reasons not to drink among Swedish youth. Future research should examine how different reasons predict abstinence.
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| 26. |
- Sjödin, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Drinking motives and their associations with alcohol use among adolescents in Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. - : SAGE Publications. - 1455-0725 .- 1458-6126. ; 38:3, s. 256-269
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Previous studies have shown a close association between drinking motives and drinking behaviour among adolescents. However, there is a lack of evidence from the Nordic countries since few studies covering this topic have been carried out in this context. The present study among Swedish adolescents aims to examine (1) the prevalence of different drinking motives, (2) how drinking motives are associated with drinking frequency and heavy drinking frequency, and (3) whether the associations are moderated by sex.Methods: A nationally representative sample (n = 5,549) of Swedish adolescents (aged 15–16 years) answered a questionnaire in school. Of these, 2,076 were drinkers and were included in our study. Eighteen items from the Modified Drinking Motives Questionnaire-Revised (Modified DMQ-R) were used. Bivariate relationships between motives and drinking were examined with correlations. Linear regression models were used to assess the links between motives and drinking. Moderating effects of sex were examined with interactions.Results: Most common were social motives, followed by enhancement, coping-anxiety, coping-depression, and conformity motives. Coping-depression motives were slightly more common among girls. Conformity motives were associated with a lower frequency of drinking and heavy drinking while enhancement, social and coping-depression motives were associated with a higher frequency of both outcomes. No associations were found for coping-anxiety motives. No moderation effect of sex was found.Conclusions: Approach motives (social/enhancement) are the most prevalent drinking motives among Swedish adolescents. These also have the strongest association for both frequency of drinking and frequency of heavy drinking. This shows that Swedish adolescents drink to achieve something positive, rather than to avoid something negative, raising implications for prevention and intervention.
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