| 1. |
- Filla, Reno, 1973-
(författare)
-
Operator and Machine Models for Dynamic Simulation of Construction Machinery
- 2005
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- VIRTUAL PROTOTYPING has been generally adopted in product development in order to minimise the traditional reliance on testing of physical prototypes. It thus constitutes a major step towards solving the conflict of actual increasing development cost and time due to increasing customer demands on one side, and the need to decrease development cost and time due to increasing competition on the other. Particularly challenging for the off-road equipment industry is that its products, working machines, are complex in architecture. Tightly coupled, non-linear sub-systems of different technical domains make prediction and optimisation of the complete system’s dynamic behaviour difficult.Furthermore, in working machines the human operator is essential for the performance of the total system. Properties such as productivity, fuel efficiency, and operability are all not only dependent on inherent machine properties and working place conditions, but also on how the operator uses the machine. This is an aspect that is traditionally neglected in dynamic simulations, because the modelling needs to be extended beyond the technical system.The research presented in this thesis focuses on wheel loaders, which are representative for working machines. The technical system and the influence of the human operator is analysed, and so-called short loading cycles are described in depth. Two approaches to rule-based simulation models of a wheel loader operator are presented and used in simulations. Both operator models control the machine model by means of engine throttle, lift and tilt lever, steering wheel, and brake only – just as a human operator does. Also, only signals that a human operator can sense are used in the models. It is demonstrated that both operator models are able to adapt to basic variations in workplace setup and machine capability. Thus, a “human element” can be introduced into dynamic simulation of working machines, giving more relevant answers with respect to operator-influenced complete-machine properties such as productivity, fuel efficiency, and operability already in the concept phase of the product development process.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Sawcer, Stephen, et al.
(författare)
-
Genetic risk and a primary role for cell-mediated immune mechanisms in multiple sclerosis
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 476:7359, s. 214-219
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiple sclerosis is a common disease of the central nervous system in which the interplay between inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes typically results in intermittent neurological disturbance followed by progressive accumulation of disability. Epidemiological studies have shown that genetic factors are primarily responsible for the substantially increased frequency of the disease seen in the relatives of affected individuals, and systematic attempts to identify linkage in multiplex families have confirmed that variation within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) exerts the greatest individual effect on risk. Modestly powered genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have enabled more than 20 additional risk loci to be identified and have shown that multiple variants exerting modest individual effects have a key role in disease susceptibility. Most of the genetic architecture underlying susceptibility to the disease remains to be defined and is anticipated to require the analysis of sample sizes that are beyond the numbers currently available to individual research groups. In a collaborative GWAS involving 9,772 cases of European descent collected by 23 research groups working in 15 different countries, we have replicated almost all of the previously suggested associations and identified at least a further 29 novel susceptibility loci. Within the MHC we have refined the identity of the HLA-DRB1 risk alleles and confirmed that variation in the HLA-A gene underlies the independent protective effect attributable to the class I region. Immunologically relevant genes are significantly overrepresented among those mapping close to the identified loci and particularly implicate T-helper-cell differentiation in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.
|
|
| 5. |
- Abarenkov, Kessy, et al.
(författare)
-
The UNITE database for molecular identification and taxonomic communication of fungi and other eukaryotes: sequences, taxa and classifications reconsidered
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Nucleic Acids Research. - 0305-1048 .- 1362-4962. ; 52:D1, s. D791-D797
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- UNITE (https://unite.ut.ee) is a web-based database and sequence management environment for molecular identification of eukaryotes. It targets the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and offers nearly 10 million such sequences for reference. These are clustered into similar to 2.4M species hypotheses (SHs), each assigned a unique digital object identifier (DOI) to promote unambiguous referencing across studies. UNITE users have contributed over 600 000 third-party sequence annotations, which are shared with a range of databases and other community resources. Recent improvements facilitate the detection of cross-kingdom biological associations and the integration of undescribed groups of organisms into everyday biological pursuits. Serving as a digital twin for eukaryotic biodiversity and communities worldwide, the latest release of UNITE offers improved avenues for biodiversity discovery, precise taxonomic communication and integration of biological knowledge across platforms. Graphical Abstract
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Beattie, D.A., et al.
(författare)
-
In situ total internal reflection Raman spectroscopy of surfactant adsorption at a mineral surface
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Vibrational Spectroscopy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0924-2031 .- 1873-3697. ; 41:2, s. 198-204
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the first attempt to characterise surfactant adsorption from solution onto a particle film using total internal reflection Raman spectroscopy. Three surfactant collectors of interest to the mineral processing industry were studied in their adsorption onto sphalerite: heptyl xanthate, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT), and O,O-dibutyldithiophosphate (DTP). All three surfactants adsorbed to the surface of the sphalerite. Adsorption of heptyl xanthate was monitored as a function of time and increasing concentration. The spectrum of heptyl xanthate indicated the presence of a small amount of dixanthogen on the surface of the sphalerite. MBT adsorption studies were complicated due to the fluorescence of the adsorbed layer. However, peaks due to the adsorbed MBT were observed on top of the fluorescent background, allowing the identification of the adsorbed species to be confirmed as the oxidised dimer species. Spectra obtained from MBT and DTP co-adsorption studies did not display the strong adsorbate layer fluorescence, indicating that the fluorescence spectrum of the adsorbed MBT is most likely affected by ring-ring interactions.
|
|
| 9. |
- Beecham, Ashley H, et al.
(författare)
-
Analysis of immune-related loci identifies 48 new susceptibility variants for multiple sclerosis.
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Nature genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1546-1718 .- 1061-4036. ; 45:11, s. 1353-60
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using the ImmunoChip custom genotyping array, we analyzed 14,498 subjects with multiple sclerosis and 24,091 healthy controls for 161,311 autosomal variants and identified 135 potentially associated regions (P < 1.0 × 10(-4)). In a replication phase, we combined these data with previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from an independent 14,802 subjects with multiple sclerosis and 26,703 healthy controls. In these 80,094 individuals of European ancestry, we identified 48 new susceptibility variants (P < 5.0 × 10(-8)), 3 of which we found after conditioning on previously identified variants. Thus, there are now 110 established multiple sclerosis risk variants at 103 discrete loci outside of the major histocompatibility complex. With high-resolution Bayesian fine mapping, we identified five regions where one variant accounted for more than 50% of the posterior probability of association. This study enhances the catalog of multiple sclerosis risk variants and illustrates the value of fine mapping in the resolution of GWAS signals.
|
|
| 10. |
- Borrelli, Pablo, et al.
(författare)
-
Artificial intelligence-based detection of lymph node metastases by PET/CT predicts prostate cancer-specific survival
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 41:1, s. 62-67
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Lymph node metastases are a key prognostic factor in prostate cancer (PCa), but detecting lymph node lesions from PET/CT images is a subjective process resulting in inter-reader variability. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based methods can provide an objective image analysis. We aimed at developing and validating an AI-based tool for detection of lymph node lesions. Methods A group of 399 patients with biopsy-proven PCa who had undergone(18)F-choline PET/CT for staging prior to treatment were used to train (n = 319) and test (n = 80) the AI-based tool. The tool consisted of convolutional neural networks using complete PET/CT scans as inputs. In the test set, the AI-based lymph node detections were compared to those of two independent readers. The association with PCa-specific survival was investigated. Results The AI-based tool detected more lymph node lesions than Reader B (98 vs. 87/117;p = .045) using Reader A as reference. AI-based tool and Reader A showed similar performance (90 vs. 87/111;p = .63) using Reader B as reference. The number of lymph node lesions detected by the AI-based tool, PSA, and curative treatment was significantly associated with PCa-specific survival. Conclusion This study shows the feasibility of using an AI-based tool for automated and objective interpretation of PET/CT images that can provide assessments of lymph node lesions comparable with that of experienced readers and prognostic information in PCa patients.
|
|
| 11. |
- Delli, Ahmed, et al.
(författare)
-
Autoimmune type 1 diabetes.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Textbook of Diabetes. - : Wiley. - 9781405191814 ; , s. 141-152
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pathophysiologic mechanisms in type 1 diabetes (T1DM) involve loss of islet β-cell secretory function caused by selective killing of these cells primarily by aggressive autoimmune responses involving both cellular and humoral immune pathways. Inflammatory cells heavily infiltrate pancreatic islets leading to insulitis where CD8+ T lymphocytes are thought to be responsible for selective and specific killing of β-cells. The complex etiology of T1DM involves a strong genetic predisposition, mainly human leukocyte antigen class II genes, and several putative environmental factors, which are thought to trigger autoimmunity or progression to clinical T1DM. A preclinical prodrome in T1DM may vary in duration in which one or more islet autoantibodies may precede insulitis and predict the disease at the early stages of pathologic insult. In genetically susceptible individuals with islet autoantibodies, metabolic indicators such as insulin release abnormalities and insulin resistance may best predict T1DM especially near clinical onset. Based on the improving understanding of the etiopathogenesis of T1DM, several clinical trials have been launched aiming at halting the autoimmunity responses, retarding disease progression or preserving remaining β-cell function after clinical onset.
|
|
| 12. |
- Fatima, Nowshir, et al.
(författare)
-
Adsorption of ATF additives on wet clutch friction interfaces under water contaminated lubricant conditions
- 2014
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stable friction and positive slope of friction-speed is the typical criterion for a good clutch performance. Lubricated friction interfaces used for wet clutches produces different friction behavior depending on the lubricant conditions. Usually the lubricant conditions vary for different automatic transmission fluid (ATF) formulations implying e.g. water contamination and these conditions might influence the deterioration of the clutch plates. The aim of this paper is to verify additive adsorption on friction interfaces and ageing of the friction material in wet clutch system for a water contaminated commercial ATF (DEXRON® VI). Standard clutch plates are employed in an automated wet clutch test rig to evaluate the friction characteristics of the tested lubricant. For controlled test conditions (speed, contact pressure, oil temperature) and specific number of test cycles, the mean friction coefficient and the friction vs. speed relations are monitored during sliding test. The resultant tribofilms on the tested friction interface surfaces are characterized by means of Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM- EDS), Attenuated Total Reflectance -Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS analysis). The spectroscopic techniques were used to analyse adsorbed additives on friction interfaces and made it possible to correlate measured data to the specific friction behavior obtained after water contamination of the ATF.
|
|
| 13. |
- Fatima, Nowshir, et al.
(författare)
-
Degradation Mechanism of Automatic Transmission Fluid by Water as a Contaminant
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the Institution of mechanical engineers. Part J, journal of engineering tribology. - : SAGE Publications. - 1350-6501 .- 2041-305X. ; 229:1, s. 74-85
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The degradation mechanism of water contaminated Automatic Transmission Fluids (ATF) was experimentally investigated. Water contaminated ATF was tribotested in a full-scale wet clutch test rig to monitor the friction durability during clutch ageing, and was also statically aged in oven to evaluate the interaction of ATF with water. The bulk properties and chemical nature of the ATF were analysed using viscosity measurements, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). It was shown that water presence in the ATF can increase the mean friction coefficient over a short time period, though in the long term perspective there is a higher loss of mean friction. Phase separation of the water-in-oil emulsion by centrifugation at 20000 rpm made it possible to examine the water phase using infrared 2spectroscopy. The spectroscopic analysis revealed the hydrophilic nature of certain ATF constituents, although the impact of water on the bulk properties like lubricant viscosity and thermal stability was insignificant. The analysis of the tribotests showed that the friction increase for water contamination was a short-term effect and likely due to the interaction between polar surface active additives and water. Even though no significant change has been found for thermal degradation or in bulk properties of the lubricant, the initially changed action of the water soluble additives and generation of high friction resulted in a total deterioration of the clutch performance during long term use.
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
- Fatima, Nowshir, et al.
(författare)
-
Influence of water on the tribological properties of zinc dialkyl-dithiophosphate and over-based calcium sulfonate additives in wet clutch contacts
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Tribology International. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-679X .- 1879-2464. ; 87, s. 113-120
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Usually the wet clutch lubricant properties vary with different formulations of base oil types and additives. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the effect of water on the performance of additives in ATF. Simplified lubricants, ZDDP and over-based Ca-sulfonates detergent additives in an API Group I mineral base oil, were employed to compare with the commercial fully-formulated automatic transmission fluid (DEXRON®VI) during water-contamination. A full-scale wet clutch test rig was used to evaluate the frictional response due to water contamination of the lubricants. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy was utilized to evaluate the variation in the solubility of these polar organic additives in the water phase and Karl-Fischer titration was utilized to evaluate the post-test water content for different formulations.
|
|
| 16. |
- Fatima, Nowshir, et al.
(författare)
-
Surface chemistry of wet clutch influenced by water contamination in automatic transmission fluids
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Tribology International. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-679X .- 1879-2464. ; 96, s. 395-401
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lubricated friction interfaces used for wet clutches produces different friction behaviour depending on the lubricant conditions. Usually the lubricant conditions vary for water contamination in automatic transmission fluid (ATF). The presence of water retards the ATF performance by increasing the friction and can influence the deterioration of the clutch plates. Water as a polar contaminant can change the absorbability of the surface active additives, which might cause the characteristic friction behaviour. The aim of this paper is to verify the surface chemistry of tribotested standard friction interfaces lubricated with water contaminated commercial ATF (DEXRON® VI). The evidences of the influence of water on ATF performances were shown by surface analyses
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
- Fredriksson, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Kinetics of xanthate adsorption on metal sulphides
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Konferens i mineralteknik. - : Föreningen Mineralteknisk Forskning / Swedish Mineral Processing Research Association.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 19. |
- Fredriksson, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
n-Heptyl xanthate adsorption on a ZnS layer synthesized on germanium : an in situ attenuated total reflection IR study
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9797 .- 1095-7103. ; 286:1, s. 1-6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adsorption of n-heptyl xanthate on synthesized zinc sulfide was followed in situ by monitoring the methylene absorption band at 2925 cm-1. The zinc sulfide surface used in the adsorption experiments was synthesized on a germanium internal reflection element using the chemical bath deposition method. Characterization of the adsorbent surface was performed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The time needed to reach adsorption equilibrium varied with the initial concentration of the aqueous potassium heptyl xanthate solution. The amount of adsorbed xanthate ions increased with the concentration of the solution within the range studied (10 μM-50 mM). The experimental data are reasonably well described by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Polarized infrared attenuated total reflection (ATR) was used to determine the average orientation of the heptyl chains by measuring the absorbance of the infrared beam polarized perpendicularly and parallely to the plane of incidence. Measured absorbances were corrected for contribution from heptyl xanthate in bulk solution.
|
|
| 20. |
- Frobom, Robin, et al.
(författare)
-
Biochemical Inhibition of DOG1/TMEM16A Achieves Antitumoral Effects in Human Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Cells In Vitro
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - : INT INST ANTICANCER RESEARCH. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 39:7, s. 3433-3442
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Aim: DOG1 is a calcium-activated chloride channel that has gained attention as a promising drug target due to its involvement in several processes essential for tumor development and progression. DOG1 is overexpressed in >95% of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). The aim was to determine DOG1 inhibition antitumoral effects on GIST. Materials and Methods: Human GIST (GIST-T1 and GIST882) cell lines were used to study the effect of DOG1 inhibitors on chloride currents, viability, colony formation, and cell cycle. Results: CaCCinh-A01 decreased chloride currents. CaCCinh-A01 and T16(inh)-A01 reduced GIST cell viability and CaCCinh-A01 affected cell cycle distribution leading to G(1) cell-cycle arrest. CaCCinh-A01 also increased the sub-G(1) phase population, indicative of apoptosis, in GIST882. CaCCinh-A01 strongly reduced the colony forming ability of the cells, whereas T16(inh)-A01 did not. Conclusion: DOG1 inhibition has antitumoral effects in GIST cells in vitro, and could potentially serve as a target for GIST therapy.
|
|
| 21. |
- Gerdin, Göran, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
Researching social justice and health (in)equality across different school health and physical education contexts in Sweden, Norway and New Zealand
- 2019
-
Ingår i: European Physical Education Review. - : Sage Publications. - 1356-336X .- 1741-2749. ; 25:1, s. 273-290
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The way school Health and Physical Education (HPE) is conceptualized and taught will impact on its ability to provide equitable outcomes across gender, sexuality, ethnicity, religion and social class. A focus on social justice in HPE is pertinent in times when these ideals are currently under threat from neoliberal globalization. This paper draws on data from the initial year of an international collaboration project called ‘Education for Equitable Health Outcomes – The Promise of School Health and Physical Education’ involving HPE and Physical Education Teacher Education researchers from Sweden, Norway and New Zealand. The data in this paper record the researchers’ presentations and discussions about issues of social justice and health as informed by school visits and interviews with HPE teachers in the three different countries. The analysis of the data is focused on what is addressed in the name of social justice in each of the three countries and how cross-cultural researchers of social justice in HPE interpret different contexts. In order to analyse the data, we draw on Michael Uljens’s concepts of non-affirmative and non-hierarchical education. The findings suggest that researching social justice and health (in)equality across different countries offers both opportunities and challenges when it comes to understanding the enactment of social justice in school and HPE practices. We conclude by drawing on Uljens to assert that the quest for social justice in HPE should focus on further problematizing affirmative and hierarchical educational practices since social justice teaching strategies are enabled and constrained by the contexts in which they are practised.
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
- Grahn, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
-
Silicalite-1 coated ATR elements as sensitive chemical sensor probes
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Microporous and Mesoporous Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 1387-1811 .- 1873-3093. ; 81:1-3, s. 357-363
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel sensitive chemical sensor probe has been fabricated. The sensor principle is based on silicalite-1 coated ATR (attenuated total reflection) elements and FTIR spectroscopy. The microporous silicalite-1 film enriches the analyte to the probe surface, thus increasing the sensitivity. At a relative pressure of n-hexane in helium of 6 × 10−5 the sensitivity of the probe is approximately 85 times higher for the silicalite-1 coated element compared to a 10 cm transmission gas cell and ca. 180 times higher compared to an uncoated element. The performance of the probe is illustrated by determination of an adsorption isotherm for n-hexane in silicalite-1.
|
|
| 24. |
- Hellström, Pär, et al.
(författare)
-
Study of potassium O,O′-dibutyldithiophosphate combining DFT, 31P CP/MAS NMR and infrared spectroscopy
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry A. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1089-5639 .- 1520-5215. ; 112:46, s. 11777-11783
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dithiophosphates are used in many different industrial applications. To explain their functions and properties in these applications, a fundamental understanding on a molecular level is needed. Potassium O,O′-Dibutyldithiophosphate and its anion have been investigated by means of a combination of DFT and 31P CP/MAS NMR and infrared spectroscopy. Several low-energy conformations were studied by DFT. Three different conformations with significantly different torsion angles of the O-C bond relative to the O-P-O plane were selected for further studies of infrared frequencies and 31P NMR chemical-shift tensors. A good agreement between theoretical and experimental results was obtained, especially when the IR spectra or 31P chemical shift tensor parameters of all three conformations were added, indicating that, because of the low energy difference between the conformations, the molecules are rapidly fluctuating between them.
|
|
| 25. |
|
|
| 26. |
- Johansson, Allan, et al.
(författare)
-
Two-color pump-probe experiments in helium using high-order harmonics
- 2003
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal D. Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6060 .- 1434-6079. ; 22:1, s. 3-11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A pump-probe technique has been applied for measuring the lifetimes and absolute photoionization cross-sections of excited He states. The 1s2p P-1 and 1s3p P-1 states of He are excited by using the 13th and the 14th harmonic, respectively, of a tunable 70 ps dye laser generated in a Kr gas jet. The states are ionized after a varying time delay, by absorption of probe photons with energies between 1.6 and 4.5 eV. Lifetimes of tau(1s2p) = 0.57 ns and tau(1s3p) = 1.76 ns are determined with a precision of about 15%. A significant enhancement of the number of ions present in the lifetime curves at zero time delay for pressures above 6 x 10(-5) mbar is attributed to direct two-photon ionization of He in combination with AC Stark broadening of the excited state and absorption of the XUV light in the medium. Absolute photoionization cross-sections from the He 1s2p P-1 and He 1s3p P-1 states in the threshold region are determined by measuring the saturation of the ionization process with a precision of similar to 25%. In addition, the variation of the relative orientation between the polarization vectors of the pump and probe beams enables the determination of partial photoionization cross-sections.
|
|
| 27. |
- Kjell, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
-
Protein complexes of the plant plasma membrane resolved by Blue Native PAGE
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Physiologia Plantarum. - : Wiley. - 0031-9317 .- 1399-3054. ; 121:4, s. 546-555
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the characterization of the total genomes of Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa, several putative plasma membrane components have been identified. However, a lack of knowledge at the protein level, especially for hydrophobic proteins, have hampered analyses of physiological changes. To address whether protein complexes may be present in the native membrane, we subjected plasma membranes isolated from Spinacia oleracea leaves to blue-native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE). BN-PAGE is well established in the separation of functional membrane protein complexes from mitochondria and chloroplasts, but a resolved protein complex pattern from PM of eukaryotic cells has previously not been reported. Using this method, protein complexes from Spinacia oleracea PM could be efficiently solubilized and separated, including the highly hydrophobic aquaporin (apparent molecular mass 230 kDa), a putative tetramer of H+-ATPase, and several less abundant complexes with apparent masses around or above 750 kDa. After denaturation and separation of the complexes into their subunits in a second dimension (SDS-PAGE), several of the complexes were identified as hydrophobic membrane proteins. Large amounts of protein (up to 1 mg) can be resolved in each lane, which suggests that the method could be used to study also low-abundance protein complexes, e.g. under different physiological conditions.
|
|
| 28. |
- Koeck, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
-
A common variant in TFB1M is associated with reduced insulin secretion and increased future risk of type 2 diabetes.
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Cell Metabolism. - : Elsevier BV. - 1550-4131 .- 1932-7420. ; 13:1, s. 80-91
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Type 2 diabetes (T2D) evolves when insulin secretion fails. Insulin release from the pancreatic β cell is controlled by mitochondrial metabolism, which translates fluctuations in blood glucose into metabolic coupling signals. We identified a common variant (rs950994) in the human transcription factor B1 mitochondrial (TFB1M) gene associated with reduced insulin secretion, elevated postprandial glucose levels, and future risk of T2D. Because islet TFB1M mRNA levels were lower in carriers of the risk allele and correlated with insulin secretion, we examined mice heterozygous for Tfb1m deficiency. These mice displayed lower expression of TFB1M in islets and impaired mitochondrial function and released less insulin in response to glucose in vivo and in vitro. Reducing TFB1M mRNA and protein in clonal β cells by RNA interference impaired complexes of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system. Consequently, nutrient-stimulated ATP generation was reduced, leading to perturbed insulin secretion. We conclude that a deficiency in TFB1M and impaired mitochondrial function contribute to the pathogenesis of T2D.
|
|
| 29. |
|
|
| 30. |
- Larsson, Allan, 1938-
(författare)
-
Climate Transition in Cities : A Swedish Governance Model to Accelerate the Rate of Transition
- 2023
-
Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- This report has been commissioned by Vinnova within the framework of the Viable Citiesprogramme.The report has two main aims:Firstly, to provide a policy-relevant overview of two new elements for sustainable urbandevelopment: new forms of governance for leading, managing and executing urbanplanning projects, and new forms for supporting innovations in the form of systemsaltering missions rather than a variety of small projects.Secondly, it also aims to help evolve these experiences and lessons learned, with anemphasis on new forms of governance for climate transition in cities and municipalities.The report has been prepared alongside a team of scientists, experts and practitioners.Professor Emeritus Örjan Svane, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, has contributedresearch perspectives on new forms of governance for climate transition. During theprocess, Vinnova and Viable Cities have arranged seminars on the financing of ClimateInvestment Plans, and on digitalization. The report has been sent for referral to the23 municipalities who signed Climate City Contract 2030, and to six government agencies:Formas, Vinnova (the Swedish Agency for Innovation Systems), the Swedish EnergyAgency, the Swedish Agency for Economic and Regional Growth, the Swedish TransportAdministration and the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency. Maria Tengvard, ViableCities, is the editor.
|
|
| 31. |
- Larsson, Allan, 1938-
(författare)
-
Klimatomställning av städer : En svensk governance-modell för att öka takten i omställningen
- 2023
-
Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Denna rapport har utarbetats på uppdrag av Vinnova inom ramen för programmetViable Cities. Den har två syften.Den ska ge en policyrelevant översikt över två nya element för hållbarstadsutveckling, dels nya former av governance för att leda, styra och genomförastadsbyggnadsprojekt, dels nya former för att stödja innovationer i form avsystemförändrande missioner i stället för många små projekt.Den ska dessutom bidra till att vidareutveckla dessa erfarenheter och lärdomar medinriktning på nya former för governance för klimatomställning i städer och kommuner.Rapporten har arbetats fram med hjälp av ett team av forskare, experter och praktiker.Professor emeritus Örjan Svane, KTH, har bidragit med forskarperspektiv på nya formerav governance för klimatomställning. Han har dessutom skrivit bilaga 1. Jörgen Lööf harbidragit till bilaga 2. Bilaga 3, 4 och 5 har skrivits av Viable Cities team (Olga Kordas, LenaHolmberg, Åsa Minoz m.fl.) med bidrag av Julio Lumbreras, Madrids Tekniska Universitet(UPM). Bilaga 6 har skrivits av Fedra Vanhuyse, Viable Cities och Stockholm EnvironmentInstitute. Vinnova och Viable Cities har under processen ordnat seminarier om finansieringkopplat till klimatinvesteringsplaner samt om digitalisering. Rapporten har sänts påremiss till de 23 kommuner som har undertecknat Klimatkontrakt 2030 samt till sexstatliga myndigheter: Formas, Vinnova, Energimyndigheten, Tillväxtverket, Trafikverketoch Naturvårdsverket.
|
|
| 32. |
|
|
| 33. |
|
|
| 34. |
- Larsson, Allan, et al.
(författare)
-
Technology and Policy for Sustainable Development
- 2002
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Executive Summary 1. The mandate given by the European Council (Chapter 1). At the European Council in Göteborg in June 2001 a strategy for sustainable development was agreed, completing the Union’s political commitment to economic and social renewal by adding a third, environmental dimension to the Lisbon strategy and establishing a new approach to policy making. The European Council stated that clear and stable objectives for sustainable development will present significant economic opportunities. This “has the potential to unleash a new wave of technological innovation and investment, generating growth and employment”. The European Council invited industry to take part in the development and wider use of new environmental technologies in sectors such as energy and transport and in this way decouple economic growth from pressure on natural resources. The Commission committed itself to present to the Spring European Council 2002 a report assessing how environment technology can promote growth and employment. This report, assessing how technology for sustainable development can promote growth and employment, is one contribution to the follow up by the Commission of the mandate from Göteborg European Council. 2. The role of technology for investment, growth and employment (Chapter 2). The report takes the broad view of Agenda 21 on technology as a starting point. The integration of environment policy into a strategy for sustainable development and the broadening of the measures from regulations to more of market based instruments, leads by necessity to a situation where more and more of the technologies will be regarded as mainstream technologies, rather than regulation-driven eco-technologies. As a consequence of this choice of a broad definition of technology the report has the title “Technology and Policy for Sustainable Development”. The report confirms and elaborates on the main message from the Göteborg European Council that new technology offers a strong growth dividend, through investment in which new technologies are embedded. To attain a GDP growth rate of 3 per cent per year – in line with the Lisbon strategy - a rate of investment growth of about 4 to 6 per cent over several years seems necessary, which represents a significant acceleration from the 2 per cent average over the 1990s in the euro area. A higher rate of investment will create room for a faster replacement of old technologies. In addition, a strategy for sustainable development – including policies “to get prices right” – will make the introduction of new technologies more profitable and contribute to stimulate investment. Consequently, the EU strategy for sustainable development can both build on the macroeconomic efforts to stimulate investment and give a strong contribution to such an investment strategy. 3. The potential of new technologies for sustainable development (Chapter 3). Technology is a double-edged sword. It is both a cause of many environmental problems and a key to solving them. It is a matter of fact that the technologies of the past, still dominating in transport, energy, industry and agriculture, are undermining our basic life supporting systems – clean water, fresh air and fertile soil. However, in each of these sectors there are new technologies available or emerging, that may, if widely used, essentially solve the 4 environmental problems. Thus, new technologies have the potential to contribute to a decoupling of economic growth from pressure on natural resources. The fact is that we face a choice between technological change at historically unprecedented rates or a change in atmospheric composition unlike any experienced since the dawn of humanity. During the 1990s we have seen a substantial diffusion of renewable energy and transport technologies and further progress in industry and agriculture technology, not least biotechnology. The most promising for immediate investment is energy saving technologies in housing and the tertiary sector. A systematic introduction of best available technology could reduce the use of energy with 20-50 per cent. New technologies for waste management offers a great potential; the most recent investment in this sector shows a utilisation of more than 90 per cent of the energy content of waste. Even more fundamental are new technologies for “up-stream” resource management in industry, offering strong synergies for productivity in production, quality in goods and services and efficiency in the use of natural resources. In this way a dematerialisation can be brought about in a larger scale. In agriculture organic farming is increasing with 20 per cent a year, in spite of subsidies to traditional, nonsustainable farming methods. Yet, in other cases the growth is not self-sustained. There are still significant obstacles to be overcome to reach the stage where the diffusion of renewable energy technologies is independent of government interventions and where these technologies have made a major inroad into the energy market. The extent to which more efficient technologies will be adopted by the market depends largely on the relative future price relations between different sources of energy, government policies to benchmark or to set standards for eco efficiency and voluntary commitments by industries. It is also of vital importance to consider consumer’s preferences for eco efficient products as well as consumer protection. 4. EU policies of importance for new technology for sustainability (Chapter 4). The European policy initiatives in the main policy areas are discussed in Chapter 4. Such policies can – if forcefully implemented by the Member States – have a strong effect on the demand for new technology in general and could give a strong push for investment. Of fundamental importance is the recommendation in the Broad Economic Policy Guidelines on a gradual but steady and credible change in the level and structure of tax rates until external costs are fully reflected in prices, to cope with the most fundamental structural problem in all developed countries, the unsustainable patters of production and consumption. There is a substantial scope for a rebalancing of prices, particularly on energy markets in favour of renewable energy sources and technologies by using both taxes and other market instruments. The implementation of the European Climate Change Programme (ECCP) and the directive establishing an EU framework for emissions trading will act as a strong driving force towards more sustainable price relations. The setting of good environment standards to prevent the worst cases and measures to stimulate best practice, Integrated Product Policy (IPP), for the whole EU area will have a similar stimulating effect on investment in new technology. The European Single Market is the biggest market in the world for technology, and will become even more important through enlargement. The practices developed in this market will become global standards for all enterprises that wish to compete on this market. Thus, the integration of sustainable development in all policies, not least in research and development, can make the EU the 5 leading global actor in the renewal of products and processes, unleashing a new wave of technological innovation and investment, generating growth and employment. This makes the Member States’ sustainable development strategies, and a decisive implementation of these strategies, a matter of fundamental importance for growth and employment in the whole Community. 5. Enlargement and technology for sustainable development (Chapter 5). The review of the situation in the candidate countries highlights the role of technology and investment as key to the EU strategy for sustainable development. Enlargement of the EU will create strong incentives for the candidate countries to speed up the modernisation process, phasing out old investment and technologies from the command and control period and phasing in the most recent technologies. The energy sector is the most prominent example, where the candidate countries need to increase their capacity substantially and, at the same time, replace old outdated plants with new eco-efficient technologies. 6. Policy conclusions (Chapter 6) The integration of environment in the Lisbon strategy and the emphasis on new technology for sustainable development, agreed by the Göteborg European Council, will make the policies of each of the three pillars of the strategy mutually supportive: • To attain a GDP growth rate of 3 per cent a year and to bring about a decoupling of economic growth from pressure on natural resources, a rate of investment growth of about 4 to 6 per cent seems necessary, increasing the investment share of GDP from around 20 per cent to 24-25 per cent. • This higher rate of investment should be utilised to phase out old technology and phase in new technology, contributing to productivity, quality and eco-efficiency for health, prosperity and environment; to achieve these objective a forceful implementation of a strategy to “get prices right” is necessary to make the value of natural resources and eco-systems visible to the agents in the economy • Economic growth and investment should be utilised to create more and better jobs and be made sustainable by policies, that facilitate participation in working life (see Guidelines for Member States Employment Policy 2002); in this way the EU should reach the employment rate of 70 per cent, agreed in the Lisbon strategy, making Member States’ social protection systems, in particular their pension systems, more sustainable.
|
|
| 35. |
- Larsson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
-
Future drug treatment of Type 1 diabetes
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Textbook of Diabetes. - : Wiley. - 9781405191814 ; , s. 1001-1016
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Insulin replacement therapy is considered the only effective and feasible treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) as only insulin is capable of reversing the metabolic disturbances and restoring a near - normal quality of life in patients with T1DM. Despite rigorous measures and major advances in health care provided for patients with T1DM, increased morbidity and mortality are still common from complications, which commonly develop within 10 – 12 years after clinical onset. Advances in the understanding of the natural history of T1DM and increased abilities to predict the disease have made it possible to design and implement prevention and intervention clinical trials. Clinical trials are aimed at: (a) preventing the initiation of islet autoimmunity (primary prevention);(b)reducing autoimmune β-cell killing and progression to clinical diabetes (secondary prevention); or(c)suppressing or modulating the immune response in order to halt β-cell killing and enhance β-cell regeneration (tertiary prevention or intervention). Several trials were implemented or are currently ongoing with dietary manipulation, parenteral or oral insulin or immune-suppressing or immune-modulating agents with the aim of preventing the disease or retarding its progression. The search for safe, effective and feasible drugs to prevent or cure T1DM is still ongoing. So far, immune modulation with alum - formulated GAD65 has been shown to be the most promising intervention to reduce the loss of β-cells. Anti-CD3 monocloncal autoantibodies also showed some benefits in patients with newly diagnosed T1DM.
|
|
| 36. |
- Larsson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
-
GWAS Findings for Human Iris Patterns : Associations with Variants in Genes that Influence Normal Neuronal Pattern Development
- 2011
-
Ingår i: American Journal of Human Genetics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9297 .- 1537-6605. ; 89:2, s. 334-343
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human iris patterns are highly variable. The origins of this variation are of interest in the study of iris-related eye diseases and forensics, as well as from an embryological developmental perspective, with regard to their possible relationship to fundamental processes of neurodevelopment. We have performed genome-wide association scans on four iris characteristics (crypt frequency, furrow contractions, presence of peripupillary pigmented ring, and number of nevi) in three Australian samples of European descent. Both the discovery (n = 2121) and replication (n = 499 and 73) samples showed evidence for association between (1) crypt frequency and variants in the axonal guidance gene SEMA3A (p = 6.6 x 10(-11)), (2) furrow contractions and variants within the cytoskeleton gene TRAF3IP1 (p = 2.3 x 10(-12)), and (3) the pigmented ring and variants in the well-known pigmentation gene SLC24A4 (p = 7.6 x 10(-21)). These replicated findings individually accounted for around 1.5%-3% of the variance for these iris characteristics. Because both SEMA3A and TRAFIP1 are implicated in pathways that control neurogenesis, neural migration, and synaptogenesis, we also examined the evidence of enhancement among such genes, finding enrichment for crypts and furrows. These findings suggest that genes involved in normal neuronal pattern development may also influence tissue structures in the human iris.
|
|
| 37. |
- Lidström-Larsson, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
-
Direct observation of a self-assembled monolayer of heptyl xanthate at the germanium/water interface : a polarized FTIR study
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9797 .- 1095-7103. ; 273:2, s. 345-349
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The adsorption of heptyl xanthate on germanium has been studied by the attenuated total reflection (ATR) technique. Polarized infrared light was used in situ to determine the average orientation of the alkyl chain in heptyl xanthate adsorbed at the germanium/solution interface. Spectra reveal the formation of closely packed xanthate ions with the alkyl chains in the all-trans conformation. The average tilt angle of the alkyl chains of heptyl xanthate was approximately 47° from the surface normal.
|
|
| 38. |
- Lidström-Larsson, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
-
Reversible phase transition in Zn₂(O,O-di(cyclohexyl)dithiophosphate)₄, studied by Raman spectroscopy and compared with NMR results
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Vibrational Spectroscopy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0924-2031 .- 1873-3697. ; 34:2, s. 243-246
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It was recently shown by solid state ³¹P NMR spectroscopy that the number of phosphorous signals from the complex Zn₂(O,O-di(cyclohexyl)DTP)₄ varied reversibly with the temperature. According to the present study, Raman spectra of the same metal complex were also temperature dependent. Spectral features affected by the temperature changed reversibly upon raising and lowering the temperature. It was shown that conformational change of the hexyl rings and the P---O---C entities occurred in the temperature range between 40 and 55°C.
|
|
| 39. |
- Lidström-Larsson, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
-
Structure and orientation of collectors adsorbed at the ZnS/water interface
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9797 .- 1095-7103. ; 242:1, s. 25-30
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The adsorption of O,O-dibutyldithiophosphate and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole on the surface of ZnS has been studied by using the attenuated total reflection (ATR) technique. By utilizing polarized infrared radiation, we got qualitative information about the orientation of the adsorbed collectors. The difference between the absorbance of the s-polarized light and the absorbance of p-polarized light was used to draw conclusions about the orientation. The influence on the orientation of O,O-dibutyldithiophosphate and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole when adsorbing from a mixture of the two collectors is also reported, as well as the influence of these collectors on the hydrophobicity of the ZnS surface obtained by contact angle measurements.
|
|
| 40. |
- Lidström-Larsson, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
-
Xanthate adsorbed on ZnS studied by polarized FTIR-ATR spectroscopy
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 16:21, s. 8129-8133
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The structure and orientation of heptylxanthate adsorbed on a ZnS surface have been studied by the FTIR-ATR technique. By using polarized light and the dichroic ratio, we found the average tilt angle to be approximately 44 degrees. The adsorbed layer studied was prepared by self-assembly from solution or by spraying the solution onto the surfaces of the ATR crystal for a short time and then rinsing with water. From the spectra we can conclude that there is a mixture of adsorbed heptylxanthate and formed diheptyldixanthogen on the ZnS surface. A bridging coordination of the adsorbed heptylxanthate is proposed.
|
|
| 41. |
- Middeldorp, Christel M., et al.
(författare)
-
The Early Growth Genetics (EGG) and EArly Genetics and Lifecourse Epidemiology (EAGLE) consortia : design, results and future prospects
- 2019
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 34:3, s. 279-300
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The impact of many unfavorable childhood traits or diseases, such as low birth weight and mental disorders, is not limited to childhood and adolescence, as they are also associated with poor outcomes in adulthood, such as cardiovascular disease. Insight into the genetic etiology of childhood and adolescent traits and disorders may therefore provide new perspectives, not only on how to improve wellbeing during childhood, but also how to prevent later adverse outcomes. To achieve the sample sizes required for genetic research, the Early Growth Genetics (EGG) and EArly Genetics and Lifecourse Epidemiology (EAGLE) consortia were established. The majority of the participating cohorts are longitudinal population-based samples, but other cohorts with data on early childhood phenotypes are also involved. Cohorts often have a broad focus and collect(ed) data on various somatic and psychiatric traits as well as environmental factors. Genetic variants have been successfully identified for multiple traits, for example, birth weight, atopic dermatitis, childhood BMI, allergic sensitization, and pubertal growth. Furthermore, the results have shown that genetic factors also partly underlie the association with adult traits. As sample sizes are still increasing, it is expected that future analyses will identify additional variants. This, in combination with the development of innovative statistical methods, will provide detailed insight on the mechanisms underlying the transition from childhood to adult disorders. Both consortia welcome new collaborations. Policies and contact details are available from the corresponding authors of this manuscript and/or the consortium websites.
|
|
| 42. |
|
|
| 43. |
|
|
| 44. |
- Samuelsson, Bo, 1942, et al.
(författare)
-
From Here to Sustainability – Is the Lisbon/Göteborg agenda delivering?
- 2004
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Executive Summary The European Councils held in Lisbon (2000) and in Göteborg (2001) gave the Union a new direction by establishing a long term strategy with sustainable development as the overarching objective. Sustainable development means, in this context, goals for economic, social and environmental policy, which are both mutually consistent and capable of delivering enhanced economic growth. To assure progress towards an agreed range of targets, the open method of coordination (OMC) has been adopted as the process for the implementation of the strategy. The strategy for sustainable development is a long-term one and, although the deadline originally set for the Lisbon agenda was 2010, it is clear that sustainable development has a much longer time-horizon and also that there is a global dimension to sustainable development, not just an EU one. In the run up to the mid-term review of the Lisbon strategy, this report by the European Panel for Sustainable Development, EPSD, offers an assessment of the EU approach to sustainable development. The report is based on official documents, research reports and background reports prepared by researchers from different disciplines. It concentrates on the EU-15 Member States, because the ten new members that acceded to the EU in May 2004 have not (yet!) been subject to the same commitments in relation to sustainable development. However, in future work by the EPSD, it is anticipated that the coverage will be extended to embrace all 25 Member States. The report starts with a discussion on the political process, followed by an examination of the economic, social and environmental dimensions of the strategy, of the potential of new technologies, and of the results delivered by the Member States. The final chapters include discussions on impact assessment and the global dimension of sustainable development. The focus of the report is on: − The integration of the three dimensions of sustai nable development and the policies that affect them into one coherent strategy − The implementation of the strategy through the open method of co-ordination The main messages of the report are that it is vital to: • Maintain the original commitment to sustainable development as the overarching objective of the Lisbon strategy and improve the co-ordination between the three pillars of the strategy: the economic, social and environmental dimensions [...]
|
|
| 45. |
|
|
| 46. |
- Wang, Zheng, et al.
(författare)
-
Zeolite coated ATR crystal probes
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical. - : Elsevier BV. - 0925-4005 .- 1873-3077. ; 115:2, s. 685-690
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thin and well-defined MFI type molecular sieve films were grown on a range of ATR crystals by employing a seeding method. The type of ATR crystal does not influence film morphology. FTIR spectroscopy was used to evaluate the coated ATR crystals as sensor probes. These novel sensor probes could be used to detect low concentrations of organic molecules in a gas flow.
|
|
| 47. |
- Wang, Zeng, et al.
(författare)
-
Zeolite coated ATR crystals for new applications in FTIR-ATR spectroscopy
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Chemical Communications. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1359-7345 .- 1364-548X. ; :24, s. 2888-2889
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thin silicalite-1 films were grown on ATR crystals and used for detection of low amounts of organic molecules in a gas flow by FTIR spectroscopy.
|
|
