| 1. |
- Chirumalla, Koteshwar, et al.
(författare)
-
Knowledge Sharing Across Boundaries : Web 2.0 and Product-Service System Development
- 2011
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Ingår i: 3rd International Conference on Research into Design ICoRD'11. - Bangalore, India : Research Publishing Services. - 9789810877217
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years there has been a growing interest among product development organizations to capitalize on engineering knowledge as their core competitive advantage for innovation. Capturing, storing, retrieval, sharing and reusing of engineering knowledge from a wide range of enterprise memory systems have become crucial activities of knowledge management practice in competitive organizations. In light of a changing and dynamic enterprise definition, including a move towards Product-Service System (PSS) development, this paper discusses some of the limitations of current enterprise systems in reusing engineering knowledge across functional and corporate boundaries. Further, the paper illustrates how Web 2.0-based collaborative technologies can leverage cross-functional knowledge for new PSS development projects through an open, bottom-up, and collective sense-making approach to knowledge management.
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| 2. |
- Ericson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
-
Need driven product development in team-based projects
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Design for society. - Cité des Sciences et de l'industrie, Paris, France.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, practical activities of Needfinding - an intertwined approach to identifying needs and to visualizing idea concepts in early design - are described and discussed. This is done primarily to gain an increased understanding of the various representations of user needs that are fed into the fuzzy front-end activities of team-based product innovation projects. The empirical basis comes from a study of an eight-month collaborative product development project, performed under realistic conditions by MSc students in close collaboration with their client. Focusing closely on customers and their needs is encouraged within the conceptual framework of Integrated Product Development and is increasingly highlighted as a key enabler in the design of truly innovative products. Despite the fact that identified customer needs are considered as the initial and primary input into such an innovation process, it can be argued that the design teams do not commonly have a sufficient understanding of customer needs and they do not normally interact with customers in their environment. Besides focusing on measurable aspects of user behaviour and requirements, a traditional approach to identifying and managing customer needs usually includes several interpretive stages before being handed over to the design team. In the context of innovative products, the identification and definition of customers and their needs is a non-trivial and difficult exercise. It involves, we suggest, not only Needfinding but also the definition of ‘those who might need the product’, users and customers to co-evolve iteratively in the early phases of design.
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| 3. |
- Ericson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
-
Need driven product development in team-based projects
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Design for society. - Paris.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, practical activities of needfinding - an intertwined approach to identifying needs and to visualizing idea concepts in early design - are described and discussed. This is done primarily to gain an increased understanding of the various representations of user needs that are fed into the fuzzy front-end activities of team-based product innovation projects. The empirical basis comes from a study of an eight-month collaborative product development project, performed under realistic conditions by MSc students in close collaboration with their client.Focusing closely on customers and their needs is encouraged within the conceptual framework of Integrated Product Development and is increasingly highlighted as a key enabler in the design of truly innovative products. Despite the fact that identified customer needs are considered as the initial and primary input into such an innovation process, it can be argued that the design teams do not commonly have a sufficient understanding of customer needs and they do not normally interact with customers in their environment. Besides focusing on measurable aspects of user behaviour and requirements, a traditional approach to identifying and managing customer needs usually includes several interpretive stages before being handed over to the design team. In the context of innovative products, the identification and definition of customers and their needs is a non-trivial and difficult exercise. It involves, we suggest, not only needfinding but also the definition of ‘those who might need the product’, users and customers to co-evolve iteratively in the early phases of design.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Adman, Per, et al.
(författare)
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171 forskare: ”Vi vuxna bör också klimatprotestera”
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - Stockholm. - 1101-2447.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- DN DEBATT 26/9. Vuxna bör följa uppmaningen från ungdomarna i Fridays for future-rörelsen och protestera eftersom det politiska ledarskapet är otillräckligt. Omfattande och långvariga påtryckningar från hela samhället behövs för att få de politiskt ansvariga att utöva det ledarskap som klimatkrisen kräver, skriver 171 forskare i samhällsvetenskap och humaniora.
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| 6. |
- Bacchus, Philip, et al.
(författare)
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Civil-military collaboration to facilitate rapid deployment of a mobile laboratory in early response to covid-19 : A high-readiness exercise
- 2021
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Ingår i: HEALTH SECURITY. - : Mary Ann Liebert. - 2326-5094 .- 2326-5108. ; 19:5, s. 488-497
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rapid and adaptable diagnostic capabilities are of great importance in the face of emerging infectious diseases. In an outbreak, timely establishment of diagnostic routines is crucial to identifying cases and preventing the spread of the disease, especially when faced with high-consequence pathogens. In this article, we describe a multiagency exercise including the rapid deployment and diagnostic adaptation of the Swedish Armed Forces mobile laboratory (biological field analysis laboratory) in the context of COVID-19. This deployment was initiated as a high-readiness exercise at the end of January 2020, when the global development of the outbreak was still uncertain. Through collaboration with the Public Health Agency of Sweden and a civilian hospital, a real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction method specific to SARS-CoV-2 was made available and adapted to the mobile laboratory, and the team established and evaluated a functional and efficient diagnostic asset along with a logistical support chain. We also organized and evaluated mobile testing teams, and the method was later used in large-scale, national, cross-sectional COVID-19 surveys in several regions of Sweden. In this article, we focus on the challenges of overbridging the civil-military interface in this context and identifying lessons learned and added values to the response during the early pandemic. We propose that the experiences from this exercise and governmental agency collaboration are valuable in preparation for future outbreaks.
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| 7. |
- Baran, Jakub, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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On the stability of single-walled carbon nanotubes and their binding strengths
- 2012
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Ingår i: Theoretical Chemistry Accounts. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-881X .- 1432-2234. ; 131:9, s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have studied the relative stability of hydrogen-terminated single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) segments, and open-ended SWNT fragments of varying diameter and chirality that are present at the interface of the catalytic metal particles during growth. We have found that hydrogen-terminated SWNTs differ by < 1 eV in stability among different chiralities, which presents a challenge for selective and property-controlled growth. In addition, both zigzag and armchair tubes can be the most stable chirality of hydrogen-terminated SWNTs, which is a fundamental obstacle for property-controlled growth utilizing thermodynamic stability. In contrast, the most armchair-like open-ended SWNTs segments are always the most stable ones, followed in sequence by chiral index up to the least stable zigzag segments. We explain the ordering by triple bond stabilization of the carbon dangling bonds at the open ends, which is a fragment stabilization effect that is only manifested when all bonds between two layers are broken. We show convincingly that the bond strength difference between zigzag and armchair tubes is not present when individual bonds are broken or formed. © Springer-Verlag 2012.
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| 8. |
- Benaim, Andre, et al.
(författare)
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Becoming An Innovative Company : Assessing An Organization’s Innovation Capability From The Perspective Of A Team
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Literature points out the need for companies to innovate continuously. Such need requires that companies develop capacities to exploit and improve current work as well as to develop and explore more radical opportunities. This paper is a case study that investigates the innovation capabilities of a multinational manufacturing company by interviewing a group that is mandate to support the development of those capabilities. The data was collected by semi-structured interviews, which were based on the categories of a framework previously developed. The findings speak about the importance of setting clear processes for continuation and implementation of ideas, adequate allocation of resources and management support. The discussion and conclusion are about the importance of the integration of efforts in different organizational levels and some of the future challenges integrating the innovation efforts into a natural way of working.
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| 9. |
- Benaim, Andre, et al.
(författare)
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Building a pathway for innovation : Lessons learned from developing an online platform
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of NordDesign 2014 Conference, NordDesign 2014. - Eespo, Finland : Aalto University. - 9781904670582 ; , s. 662-669
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Companies are constantly being pressured to innovate in order to stay competitive in the short run and have new offerings in the long run. One way of boosting innovation is to develop idea support systems that go beyond the traditional methods and tools. Through a qualitative study, this paper explores the lessons learned from developing an online platform for idea generation, and discusses it in terms of innovation process, climate, and capabilities. The results show that the platform itself is not enough for innovation. The structure and work processes around the platform are as important, which implies the need to design processes and procedures that allow an idea to develop, providing, focus, idea feedback and role clarity.
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| 10. |
- Benaim, Andre, et al.
(författare)
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The implementation of Innovation Metrics: A case study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Engineering Design. - : The Design Society. - 2220-4334 .- 2220-4342. - 9781904670711 ; 8, s. 213-224
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper explores the implementation process of an innovation measuring system prototype to support a heavy machinery multinational company to secure their innovative capability. In general, companies recognize the importance of becoming innovative to become, or remain, competitive on a global market. The case company decided to pilot a metric system that corresponds to the crucial factors to secure innovative capability and work with the stepwise improvement based on the assessment results. The methods are based on design-research approach and participatory action research. Interviews, surveys and observation were used, as well as, workshops were conducted to develop and follow up the implementation innovation measuring system. The findings explore topics and open questions related to metric selection, purpose and use of the selected indicators, as well as challenges related to the implementation of the metric system. Some of the conclusions question the viability of measuring project teams, as well as, it suggests the need for further research to clarify whether team metrics need to be develop in parallel to organizational ones.
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| 11. |
- Bertoni, Marco, et al.
(författare)
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The Rise of Social Product Development
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations. - Australia : Inderscience Publishers. - 1741-5225 .- 1470-9503. ; 11:2, s. 188-207
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the paper is to discuss the rising potential of social software to increase the knowledge management capabilities of virtual product development teams. It presents six fundamental transitions, elaborated from the empirical findings, which justify the rise of a more bottom-up, social creation and sharing of engineering knowledge in the virtual organisation. The study suggests that traditional engineering knowledge management approaches alone are not sufficient to support development activities in the virtual organisation, and that such teams display an increasing demand for social, comparatively lightweight and remixable platforms for bottom-up, social creation and sharing of knowledge.
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| 12. |
- Bolton, Kim, et al.
(författare)
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Carbon Nanotube Growth Mechanisms
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Diamond 2007, the 18th European Conference on Diamond, Diamond-Like Materials, Carbon Nanotubes, Nitrides and Silicon Carbide.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have used a variety of computational methods to study key aspects of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) growth. Molecular dynamics (MD) studies based on an empirical force field showed; for example; why SWNT growth occurs in a temperature window and why; for 1-2 nm catalyst particles; the SWNT diameter varies linearly with the size of the particle. In addition; the liquid or solid phase of the catalyst particle is strongly dependent on particle size; and smaller particles (< 1.5 nm) are liquid at typical chemical vapor deposition temperatures whereas larger particles (> 5 nm) are solid. The phase of particles of intermediate sizes depends on the exact temperature and on their carbon content. The effect of substrates on metal-carbide properties and SWNT growth has been studied by combing density functional (DFT) and MD methods. A major effect of flat; inert substrates is to flatten the catalyst particles thereby increasing their melting points. DFT has also been used to study the catalyst-SWNT interaction which is critical for the growth of long SWNTs; and is also being used to study the importance of the SWNT cap structure on its chirality. This knowledge is important; for example; when using SWNTs as seeds for the growth of longer nanotubes.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Bryhn, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Fisk- och skaldjursbestånd i hav och sötvatten 2019 : Resursöversikt
- 2020
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Fisken i havet är en resurs som rör sig fritt över nationella gränser. EU har därför en gemensam fiskeripolitik (GFP). Många arter som är viktiga för Sverige regleras inte i GFP och förvaltas därför nationellt.Denna rapport syftar till att:beskriva utvecklingen av fiskeripolitikenförklara den nuvarande politikens mål och regelverk och dess relation till mål och regler på miljöområdetförklara politikens nationella genomförande och det nationella handlingsutrymmetexemplifiera hur Havs- och vattenmyndigheten arbetat med att reglera fisket.
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| 15. |
- Chirumalla, Koteshwar, et al.
(författare)
-
Knowledge Sharing Across Boundaries:Web 2.0 and Product-Service System Development
- 2011
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years there has been a growing interest among product development organizations to capitalize on engineering knowledge as their core competitive advantage for innovation. Capturing, storing, retrieval and sharing of engineering knowledge from a wide range of enterprise memory systems has become crucial part of knowledge management practice among competitive organizations. Managing and reusing their knowledge can facilitate design engineers to make more timely and informed decisions, thus reducing the decision loops for new innovation projects. In light of a changing and dynamic enterprise definition, including a move towards Product-Service System (PSS) development, this paper discusses some of the limitations of current enterprise memory systems in reusing engineering knowledge across the proposed knowledge life cycle. Further, the paper illustrates how Web 2.0-based collaborative technologies can leverage cross-functional knowledge for new PSS development projects through an open, bottom-up, and collective sens-emaking approach to knowledge management.
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| 16. |
- Diederichs, Frederik, et al.
(författare)
-
Adaptive transitions for automation in cars, trucks, buses and motorcycles
- 2020
-
Ingår i: IET Intelligent Transport Systems. - : INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET. - 1751-956X .- 1751-9578. ; 14:8, s. 889-899
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Automated vehicles are entering the roads and automation is applied to cars, trucks, buses, and even motorcycles today. High automation foresees transitions during driving in both directions. The driver and rider state become a critical parameter since reliable automation allows safe intervention and transit control to the automation when manual driving is not performed safely anymore. When the control transits from automation to manual an appropriate driver state needs to be identified before releasing the automated control. The detection of driver states during manual and automated driving and an appropriate design of the human-machine interaction (HMI) are crucial steps to support these transitions. State-of-the-art systems do not take the driver state, personal preferences, and predictions of road conditions into account. The ADAS&ME project, funded by the H2020 Programme of the European Commission, proposes an innovative and fully adaptive HMI framework, able to support driver/rider state monitoring-based transitions in automated driving. The HMI framework is applied in the target vehicles: passenger car, truck, bus, and motorcycle, and in seven different use cases.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Dwibedi, Chinmay Kumar, et al.
(författare)
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Biological amplification of low frequency mutations unravels laboratory culture history of the bio-threat agent Francisella tularensis
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Forensic Science International. - : Elsevier. - 1872-4973 .- 1878-0326. ; 45
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Challenges of investigating a suspected bio attack include establishing if microorganisms have been cultured to produce attack material and to identify their source. Addressing both issues, we have investigated genetic variations that emerge during laboratory culturing of the bacterial pathogen Francisella tularensis. Key aims were to identify genetic variations that are characteristic of laboratory culturing and explore the possibility of using biological amplification to identify genetic variation present at exceedingly low frequencies in a source sample. We used parallel serial passage experiments and high-throughput sequencing of F. tularensis to explore the genetic variation. We found that during early laboratory culture passages of F. tularensis, gene duplications emerged in the pathogen genome followed by single-nucleotide polymorphisms in genes for bacterial capsule synthesis. Based on a biological enrichment scheme and the use of high-throughput sequencing, we identified genetic variation that likely pre-existed in a source sample. The results support that capsule synthesis gene mutations are common during laboratory culture, and that a biological amplification strategy is useful for linking a F. tularensis sample to a specific laboratory variant among many highly similar variants.
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| 21. |
- Elfsberg, Jenny, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Guiding Global Innovation Teams on their Exploration Journey : Learning from Aspiring Engineering Students
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Journal of Engineering Education. - : Tempus Publications. - 0949-149X. ; 40:3, s. 472-490
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research investigates globally dispersed innovation teams involved in explorative projects within an engineering graduate course employing problem-based learning. Utilizing insights from a longitudinal study, the objective is to identify how to enhance both individual learning and team performance, thereby increasing the likelihood of a successful outcome. Initial observations revealed common patterns in learning experiences among the top-performing teams, prompting further investigation into how supporting cohorts might positively influence both team performance and students’ learning experiences throughout the course. In addition to advancing comprehension of innovation team performance, the study introduces two lightweight tools designed as shared visual representations of the team’s exploration journey. These tools can assist supporting cohorts in guiding teams effectively. This research augments the existing body of knowledge surrounding the achievement of breakthrough innovations. It provides understanding about how to facilitate team performance and individual learning within globally dispersed innovation teams undertaking explorative projects. The proposed lightweight tools offer practical solutions to enhance the supporting cohort’s ability to guide and impact team performance and individual learning experiences. This study holds implications for academia and industry, particularly organizations reliant on radical innovation for competitiveness and future-proving. Lastly, the study’s findings could inform the design and delivery of future problem-oriented, project-organized learning-based courses in engineering education.
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| 22. |
- Elfsberg, Jenny, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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How Covid-19 Enabled a Global Student Design Team to Achieve Breakthrough Innovation
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Design Society 2021. - : Cambridge University Press. ; , s. 1705-1714
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This is a qualitative single case study of a geographically distributed student team that experienced a quite different graduate course, compared to previous year's. This was due to the restrictions placed upon them following coronavirus lockdowns. With already ongoing research, and continuous development of the course, the authors had documented individual reflections and identified patterns and behaviours that seemingly determined the quality of the end result, as well as the students expectations and experiences. Semi-structured interviews, surveys and the author's individual reflection notes were already in place as part of the larger research scope and when the student team during the covid-19 year showed unexpected performance and results, the authors decided to pause the larger research scope and focus on this unique single case and capture those learnings. Not knowing how the Covid-19 situation evolves and leaning on insights from previous years, as well as this unique year, the aim with this paper is to describe the unique Covid-19 year amd share knowledge that can help improve and evolve the development of this longlived collaborative graduate student course, and other similar distributed team contexts.
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| 23. |
- Elfsberg, Jenny, 1973-
(författare)
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Innovation Engineering in Practice : Bridging Exploration and Exploitation in Large Manufacturing Incumbents
- 2023
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis discusses how large manufacturing incumbent companies potentially can ensure their longevity and future-proof themselves by infusing ambidexterity throughout their organizations. Ambidextrous companies are equipped to achieve success in both current and future business environments, providing valued solutions to customers today and in the future. While these companies often excel at making incremental improvements to existing products, business, and operational models, they lack the skill set necessary for exploring new ways of creating value for customers, and commonly fail to bring promising breakthrough innovations from proven concept to revenue generation. To address these challenges, this thesis proposes a methodology consisting of four foundational principles for strengthening the innovation capacity of large manufacturing incumbents. The term "innovation engineering" is introduced and described to distinctly differentiate exploration-oriented work from exploitation-oriented work and demystify the exploration process and skills. The thesis also presents the concept of "intentional PSS design" as an approach to incorporate future aspirations and current capabilities into an evolutionary design process, connecting current limitations with future anticipated possibilities.The thesis proposes tools for leaders and coaches to support innovation engineering teams in their exploration journeys and bridge the gap between exploration and exploitation. The overall aim of the research is to future-proof large manufacturing incumbents by providing understanding about common challenges and possibilities, a framework for strengthened innovation capacity, incorporating the innovation engineering skills as core competencies, and the innovation engineering process as equally important to and diametrically different from the exploitation process.The research aims to increase awareness and knowledge about innovation engineering and enable infused ambidexterity so that large manufacturing incumbents can find their ways to adapt to a changing environment and reinvention of their ways to meet customer needs. The thesis also proposes ways to bridge between exploration and exploitation to enable a company-wide transition from a product-selling to problem-solving enterprise. By doing so, large manufacturing companies might prolong their lifespan and contribute solving
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Elfsberg, Jenny, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Lost in translation between explore and exploit : From selling products to solving problems in large manufacturing incumbents
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- As large manufacturing incumbents are adopting digital technologies and shifting their business models from selling products to solving problems, through PSS (product-service-system) solutions, their development processes need to shift as well. Organizational ambidexterity, the ability to both explore new opportunities and exploit existing customer offerings, is considered to be crucial to companies’ current and future success. In this study it is observed that a gap between exploration and exploitation work streams lead to promising conceptual PSS solutions never reaching a revenue generating stage. This is because product-centricity along with exploitation-optimized processes and mindsets are not equipped to carry the integrated solutions further, from proven concept to market ready solution. This article summarizes a multiple case study, where systematic innovation engineering work has resulted in promising conceptual PSS solutions never reaching market launch. In addition to the in-depth case studies, leaders of exploration-oriented teams in manufacturing incumbents shared their insights which confirmed that the problem is common across companies and industries, and several roadblocks are general. One of the authors has been responsible for a successful shift from a product-centric to an integrated solution-oriented organization and contributed insights from that experience to this study. The authors suggest that the gap between explore and exploit, and the shift from product-centric to PSS-oriented can be managed through an approach where ambidexterity is infused into the entire organization and exploration is demystified, enabling a transparent and concerted shift.
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| 26. |
- Elfsberg, Jenny, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
-
Unlocking the full value of a corporate innovation hub
- 2020
-
Ingår i: <em>The Proceedings of ISPIM Connects Global 2020: Celebrating the World of Innovation</em>. ISPIM.. - : LUT Scientific and Expertise Publications. - 9789523355668
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper covers research about how Corporate Innovation Hubs, CIHs, in Silicon Valley are managed and supported by their corporatemotherships and how their likeliness of success can be increased by consciousand proactive management and support. To embrace the cultural difference as a competitive advantage and learning experience is important. Clear intentions,expectations, team constellation, reporting level and finding the right individualas head of the CIH are identified as crucial factors to consider.
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| 27. |
- Ericson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
-
Expanding the social dimension - Towards a knowledge base for product-service innovation
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Impacting society through engineering design. - Glasgow : Design Research Society. - 9781904670230 ; , s. 143-152
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The extension of businesses to incorporate the provision of function as a service in supplement to standalone products is an ongoing movement in manufacturing industry. In short, this means that the development intent should be guided by the need of ‘performance in use’ that the customer wants, e.g. thrust rather than an engine. By this, the established knowledge base challenges the development team. This paper embarks from the assumption that there are three main challenges, i.e. (1) innovation activities, (2) customer data acquisition and (3) the transformation of data into design information. The purpose is to discuss knowledge sharing activities to contribute to product-service innovation. In this study it has been found that contemporary data acquisition activities filter out important dimensions of knowledge. Thus, does not provide a sound base for service provisions.
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| 28. |
- Ericson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
-
In search of what is missing : needfinding the SIRIUS way
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the Fourth IASTED International Conference on Knowledge Sharing and Collaborative Engineering. - Anaheim : ACTA Press. - 0889866090
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- “Listen closely to your customers, and you are more likely to design products that actually meet or even exceed their needs.”: Such statements have come to dominate company innovation strategies in the last decade, but in reality involving customers in product development is not as straightforward as it sounds. Customers, it is becoming clear, cannot always express their needs adequately. Especially, in the case of innovative products where the starting position by definition includes no existing solution, applying a user-orientated approach is paramount. We argue that techniques for ‘needfinding’ must be the point of departure. This has importance both in terms of methodological issues – how to find customer needs? – and for organizational work – who should be engaged in finding customer needs? In our view, engineers must be involved in identifying and understanding those needs. We have learnt through a series of studies, that structured needfinding by engineers during the earliest phases of product development could better support the process of identifying needs and thereby guide design projects. In this way, two basic problems are overcome. Firstly, identifying needs which are otherwise difficult to articulate becomes possible. Secondly, translation difficulties between customers and engineers are eradicated
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| 29. |
- Ericson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
-
In search of what is missing - needfinding the SIRIUS way
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 4th IASTED International Conference on Knowledge Sharing and Collaborative Engineering, KSCE 2006. - St Thomas, US Virgin Islands : ACTA Press. - 0889866090
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- “Listen closely to your customers, and you are more likely to design products that actually meet or even exceed their needs.”: Such statements have come to dominate company innovation strategies in the last decade, but in reality involving customers in product development is not as straightforward as it sounds. Customers, it is becoming clear, cannot always express their needs adequately. Especially, in the case of innovative products where the starting position by definition includes no existing solution, applying a user-orientated approach is paramount. We argue that techniques for ‘needfinding’ must be the point of departure. This has importance both in terms of methodological issues – how to find customer needs? – and for organizational work – who should be engaged in finding customer needs? In our view, engineers must be involved in identifying and understanding those needs. We have learnt through a series of studies, that structured needfinding by engineers during the earliest phases of product development could better support the process of identifying needs and thereby guide design projects. In this way, two basic problems are overcome. Firstly, identifying needs which are otherwise difficult to articulate becomes possible. Secondly, translation difficulties between customers and engineers are eradicated
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| 30. |
- Ericson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
-
Revisiting the Research Field of Product-Service Systems Development
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference : IDETC/CI. - New York : American Society of Mechanical Engineers. - 9780791845028 ; 3, s. 1043-1049
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The research within the Product-Service Systems (PSS) field aims to support manufacturing industries’ ability to provide value in terms of a service offer to its customers, simultaneously taking a more holistic approach to eco-sustainability. The industrial idea of providing customer benefits in parallel with robust products is not new, yet equipping engineers to conduct innovation and applying a service perspective in the early design stages is noticed as fairly radical. The purpose in this paper is two-fold. First, to describe research efforts within the PSS field seen through our engineering design lenses, second, to explore and discuss plausible directions and by that identify “white spots” on the map, which may be seen as relevant directions for futureresearch.
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| 31. |
- Fadaei Naeini, Vahid, Postdoctoral Researcher, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Unraveling the pressure-viscosity behavior and shear thinning in glycerol using atomic scale molecular dynamics simulations
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Molecular Liquids. - : Elsevier. - 0167-7322 .- 1873-3166. ; 390:part A
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to increase the usage and explore new applications of glycerol as a replacement for fossil-based lubricants its properties needs to be known at the fundamental level. In this study, the viscosity of pure glycerol at high pressures and strain rates has been investigated using of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, utilizing both the Green-Kubo (GK) formalism and the SLLOD algorithm. Although the viscosity acquired by the GK method is in agreement with the corresponding experimental values at low pressure, a significant distinction was identified between the viscosity obtained by the GK method and the experimental values at higher pressures (P > 0.5 GPa). This results in a clear difference between the viscosity-pressure coefficient attained by the GK method and the corresponding experimental value. The SLLOD method using a non-equilibrium MD (NEMD) platform was exploited to take into account the simultaneous effects of strain rate and pressure on viscosity. As a result, the pressure-viscosity coefficient acquired by the SLLOD algorithm approaches the experimental value. By combining the experimental outputs for viscosity at low strain rates ( < 104 s−1) with the SLLOD outputs at higher rates ( > 105 s−1), the evolutions of glycerol viscosity with pressure and strain rate were ultimately achieved. Implementing this computational platform depicts the shear thinning process in pure glycerol in a wide range of pressures and strain rates.
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| 32. |
- Frank, Martin, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Towards autonomous construction equipment : supporting on-site collaboration between automatons and humans
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Product Development. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1477-9056 .- 1741-8178. ; 23:4, s. 292-308
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To support the application of automated machines andcollaborative robots in unstructured environments like in the mining,agriculture and construction sector the needs of the human co-workershould be investigated to ensure a safe and productive collaboration.The empirical study presented includes the prototyping of a solution forhuman-machine communication, which has been supported by a designthinking approach. An understanding of the human needs had beencreated through jobsite observations and semi-structured interviewswith human workforces working in close proximity to heavy mobileequipment. The results shows that trust and communication have a bigimpact on the jobsite collaboration.
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| 33. |
- Fuhrer, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Few electron double quantum dots in InAs/InP nanowire heterostructures
- 2007
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Ingår i: Nano Letters. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1530-6992 .- 1530-6984. ; 7:2, s. 243-246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on fabrication of double quantum dots in catalytically grown InAs/InP nanowire heterostructures. In the few-electron regime, starting with both dots empty, our low-temperature transport measurements reveal a clear shell structure for sequential charging of the larger of the two dots with up to 12 electrons. The resonant current through the double dot is found to depend on the orbital coupling between states of different radial symmetry. The charging energies are well described by a capacitance model if next-neighbor capacitances are taken into account.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Johansson, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Gated maturity assessment : supporting gate review decision documents with maturity of knowledge assessment
- 2008
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Ingår i: CIRP Design Conference 2008. - Enschede : Laboratory of Design, Production and Management, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Univ. of Twente. - 9789036526340
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In aeronautics industry today, companies collaborate closely in virtual enterprises to develop products and solutions that are more integrated and more complex, and that aims to target larger responsibilities regarding the product life-cycle. On top of this, lead-time and development costs needs to be reduced.The 7 Day Proposal (7DP) is the conceptual name of a framework wherein a customized proposal is produced by a virtual enterprise consortium within seven days from a received request for proposal. This is substantially shorter than what is current practice today and implies that new methods, tools and ways of working are needed. Today, in offer processes, time is lost because of insufficient, or immature, available information and knowledge at gate reviews when decisions are due, causing time consuming iterations. The Gated Maturity Assessment (GMA) concept is intended to help reduce these costly iterations by targeting the ambiguity at these gate reviews in order to reduce the uncertainty in decision base. Other frameworks using maturity include Technology Readiness Levels (TRL) and the Capability Maturity Model (CMM). TRL is an artefact-focused framework developed by NASA to assess space technology maturity. CMM is a process-focused framework for assessing organisations' software development process capability (maturity). The GMA is a concept for assessing the maturity of the knowledge that goes into a gate review (i.e. a decision document). The GMA is intended to support decision makers by assuring confidence in these decision points and thereby reducing the number of iterations, hereby reducing lead-time and increases the quality of the process.This paper reports on the development of the GMA concept from the 7DP use case, and also the development of a support tool intended for use in the 7DP process. Essentially, the 7DP process is a stage-gate process like many corporate product development processes with a number of decision gates. Therefore there is a future wish to move towards an engineering design context with this concept. The work is part of the 70 million € European project VIVACE where GMA is part of a Knowledge Enabled Engineering solution to the 7DP use case.
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| 37. |
- Johansson, Christian, et al.
(författare)
-
Gated maturity assessment - Supporting Gate Review Decisions with Knowledge Maturity Assessment
- 2008
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In aeronautics industry today, companies collaborate closely in virtual enterprises to develop products and solutions that are more integrated and more complex, and that aims to target larger responsibilities regarding the product life-cycle. On top of this, lead-time and development costs needs to be reduced.The 7 Day Proposal (7DP) is the conceptual name of a framework wherein a customized proposal is produced by a virtual enterprise consortium within seven days from a received request for proposal. This is substantially shorter than what is current practice today and implies that new methods, tools and ways of working are needed. Today, in offer processes, time is lost because of insufficient, or immature, available information and knowledge at gate reviews when decisions are due, causing time consuming iterations. The Gated Maturity Assessment (GMA) concept is intended to help reduce these costly iterations by targeting the ambiguity at these gate reviews in order to reduce the uncertainty in decision base. Other frameworks using maturity include Technology Readiness Levels (TRL) and the Capability Maturity Model (CMM). TRL is an artefact-focused framework developed by NASA to assess space technology maturity. CMM is a process-focused framework for assessing organisations' software development process capability (maturity). The GMA is a concept for assessing the maturity of the knowledge that goes into a gate review (i.e. a decision document). The GMA is intended to support decision makers by assuring confidence in these decision points and thereby reducing the number of iterations, hereby reducing lead-time and increases the quality of the process.This paper reports on the development of the GMA concept from the 7DP use case, and also the development of a support tool intended for use in the 7DP process. Essentially, the 7DP process is a stage-gate process like many corporate product development processes with a number of decision gates. Therefore there is a future wish to move towards an engineering design context with this concept. The work is part of the 70 million € European project VIVACE where GMA is part of a Knowledge Enabled Engineering solution to the 7DP use case.
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| 38. |
- Johansson, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Knowledge enabled engineering - knowledge lifecycle approach
- 2007
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Ingår i: Svenska Mekanikdagar 2007. - Luleå : Luleå tekniska universitet. ; , s. 102-
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- VIVACE is an EC-funded integrated project that addresses aeronautics´ vision for the year 2020. More specifically VIVACE intends to achieve cost reduction and time reduction in new aircraft development. VIVACE consists of three sub-projects where the two first extracts problems from aircraft and engine industries respectively. The third sub-project collects these problems and develops advanced capabilities (methods, tools, guidelines, etc.). The ’Knowledge Enabled Engineering’ (KEE) work package in sub-project three focuses issues on concerns associated with knowledge within an extended enterprise. This includes both Knowledge Based Engineering (KBE) issues, but also more general questions about engineering knowledge. The work starts in analysing requirements from use cases via finding existing solutions to conducting tests in the form of pilots. Finally the knowledge acquired is disseminated to both the aeronautics community and also to a wider audience in Europe and the rest of the world.
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| 39. |
- Johansson, Christian, 1980-
(författare)
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Knowledge engineering in the virtual enterprise : exploring a maturity-based decision support
- 2007
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In product development, lead-time reduction, cost reduction, and quality improvement are issues that companies want to improve on to increase competitiveness. One recent approach to reach this - particularly in the aerospace industry where the complexity of product offers is steadily increasing - is to manage risk by forming virtual enterprises. A virtual enterprise is a network of partner companies that join on equal terms when an opportunity arises to develop a product offer, e.g. a jet engine offer, in a more agile manner than if any of the partners would realise it by themselves. They therefore team up to share risk, investment and resources - to in return also share revenue and profit. A driver for the formation of the virtual enterprise is the ability to effectively utilise partner knowledge assets. However, when sharing and managing knowledge effectively across the virtual enterprise, current practices have yet to evolve to meet the needs of knowledge workers, who may come from different aerospace companies, have different roles, belong to different disciplines and that may also be situated in geographically dispersed locations.Improving product development includes allowing developers from all disciplines to know - as early as possible in the product development process - more about the customer needs, the desired product properties, and the downstream impact of the decisions they choose to make throughout the process. Knowing about the impact in downstream phases would allow for significant time and cost savings due to the avoidance of unnecessary and expensive rework that would otherwise occur much further on in the product's life cycle.Among other things, a virtual enterprise can start organising and mapping the knowledge assets available in their teams, and information overload can be managed by assuring that the right knowledge ends up with the right person, to mention but a few things that can facilitate the everyday work of engineers and their colleagues. When working in a product development project, the virtual enterprise needs to assess the quality of the created knowledge as early as possible to devise the correct actions early. In this thesis, a Gated Maturity Assessment technique including the concept of knowledge maturity has been developed as an example of an improved stage-gate decision-making process. With this approach development teams are able to assess the knowledge maturity level in the content and rationale that is put forward as a basis for a decision - as opposed to only assessing the raw data of the results (i.e. thrust, weight, fuel burn, etc.). Knowledge maturity is used to support decision makers when in the process of assessing a decision base to make a decision whether to go ahead, abort the process, or order rework to be done. Naturally, if the decision base is poor, a decision to go ahead should probably not be taken, as the consequences might be negative. In assessing maturity, decision makers can determine at decision points if the knowledge base is good enough to move forward to the next step in the jet engine component design, if there is need for rework, and what specific areas need to be improved. Decision makers can divert and focus resources to areas of importance due to, for instance, too low maturity levels.Knowledge maturity is a way to - using a criteria scale that prescribes the knowledge needed at each level - help development teams assess and visualise how well they know what they know, and subsequently, what they need to know. This thesis explores the feasibility of using knowledge maturity as a way of supporting knowledge engineering in the context of a development process in aeronautics.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Karlsson, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Information driven collaborative engineering : enabling functional product innovation
- 2005
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Ingår i: Challenges in Collaborative Engineering - CCE '05. - Jönköping, Sweden : Department of Computer & Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering, Jönköping University. - 9197560413
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper discusses Information Driven Collaborative Engineering (IDCE) as an enabler of Functional Product Innovation (FPI). It discusses challenges that arise in functional product development and how distributed collaborative work will be affected. Finally the paper proposes bringing the domains of Distributed Collaborative Engineering (DCE) and Knowledge Enabled Engineering (KEE) together to form IDCE, in order to meet these challenges.
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| 42. |
- Kastensson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Embracing risk to pursue product innovation in automotive industry
- 2010
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A company’s ability to successfully introduce radically new products and services is a key success factor for sustaining competitive advantage. This is particularly true for the automotive industry, where smaller manufacturers with niche products struggle to compete with the large-scale efforts of their bigger competitors, and are thus in desperate need to innovate their way out of the current crisis. A key challenge for companies seeking innovation is how to better understand the role of risk in innovative practice. The purpose of this study is to investigate how managers within an automotive company perceive the concept of innovation and the relation between innovation and risk. The study is based on interviews with fifteen managers representing a cross-section of disciplines. The analysis of the informants’ answers resulted in two overarching themes, “novelty” and “value”, which were further broken down into seven sub-themes to highlight different facets of innovation that were raised by managers from these disciplines. While there were many similarities in the perceptions, the most striking differences related to; 1) innovation as being about the “combination of things to something new”, and 2) innovation as being about increasing “customer value”. Several informants noted that risk taking is a success factor to achieve innovation, but they also acknowledged that there are several inhibiting factors that are in contradiction with this approach, such as limited time and money. Further the paper has highlighted the crucial challenge of how to effectively balance risk and opportunity to invest in long-term opportunities, without risking short-term growth.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Larsson, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Design for Wellbeing
- 2005
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a growing need for engineering designers to engage in creative activities that result in innovative products and technologies for the benefit of society. However, from an engineering perspective, issues of ‘life quality’ are currently heavily under-prioritized, particularly with regard to people with disabilities. This paper argues that both needs and solutions are now part of the designer’s responsibility, and that it is crucial to make a qualitative assessment of both the potential market impact and the ‘quality of life’ improvements afforded by innovations. Design for Wellbeing offers a perspective on life quality that goes beyond the traditional scope of assistive technology in that it aims to help people make a transformation from an actual state of being to a desired state of being – regardless of ability level.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Larsson, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Distributed team innovation - a framework for distributed product development
- 2003
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In response to the need for increased effectivity in global product development, the Polhem Laboratory at Luleå University of Technology, Sweden, and the Center for Design Research at Stanford University, USA, have created the concept of Distributed Team Innovation (DTI). The overall aim of the DTI framework is to decrease the negative impact of geographic distance on product development efforts and to further enhance current advantages of worldwide, multidisciplinary collaboration. The DTI framework uses a three-layered approach to the advancement of global collaboration; with product development, education, and research in dynamic and synergetic interaction. From our preliminary findings, we believe that the approach we have taken in the DTI initiative will make significant contributions to meet current challenges of distributed product development.
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| 47. |
- Larsson, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Engineering 2.0 : exploring lightweight technologies for the virtual enterprise
- 2010
-
Ingår i: From CSCW to Web 2.0. - London : Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology/Springer Verlag. - 9781848829640 - 9781848829657 ; , s. 173-191
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In a traditional business partnership, the partner companies are under contractual obligation to share data, information, and knowledge through one or several information systems that the leading firm decides. In such a case, the issue of sharing "whatever needs to be shared" is settled in contracts before any action is taken, however, also giving the implications that sharing expertise becomes a heavy and time-consuming activity. In turn, it can be argued that the heavy administration affects the lead time of product development negatively since the necessary input flows are delayed. In addition, the adaptation to certain predefined collaborative information systems is both expensive and resource-consuming (e.g., educating staff to use them). Also, the system might not be adaptable to the existing internal technology structure, causing a "translation" procedure, again taking up resources. Another structure for collaboration is a network or alliance of independent partner companies. One motivation for a network structure is that the partners can join or leave it more easily. A reason for joining and staying is an implicit sense of knowledge sharing (Tomkins 2001) and access to a "win-win" environment. Furthermore, the partners can be linked by information technology, i.e., forming a virtual structure rather than a physical one. The technologies provide the channels with additional knowledge. In a best-case scenario, a company would get access to a wide range of useful competences, and in a worst-case scenario the company would be drained of its core competences. Accordingly, at least two considerations for joining a partner network can be considered. First, the resources needed to couple the technologies have to be reasonable, due to the underpinning logic of going in and out of more than one network. Second, the company has to identify its knowledge base and evaluate the prospective gains and losses of sharing its expertise.
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| 48. |
- Larsson, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Engineering 2.0 - Exploring Lightweight Technologies for the Virtual Enterprise
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on the Design of Cooperative Systems, COOP 08.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a Virtual Enterprise setting, it becomes increasingly important to make sure that knowledge and expertise created in one discipline, domain or company is correctly understood and quickly utilized by other actors throughout the value chain. This paper discusses why lightweight technology seems like a particularly promising concept in this context, and why Virtual Enterprises could benefit from learning more about tag clouds, mashups, wikis, and other ‘lightweight' technologies, as complements to the large-scale, arguably ‘heavyweight', product life-cycle management (PLM) systems of current practice. The paper draws on data from a number of product development projects - ranging from the development of manufacturing tools and industrial drive systems, to aircraft engines and armored terrain vehicles. The paper identifies both the kinds of problem typically experienced in the Virtual Enterprise, in relation to knowledge sharing, and explores ways in which lightweight technology might be adapted to solve them.
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| 49. |
- Larsson, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Intranet - Luleå University of Technology
- 2001
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Division of Computer Aided Design has been announced as one of ten winners in the Intranet Design Annual, published by web guru Jakob Nielsen at Nielsen/Norman Group. In competition with over 50 nominated organizations, the division's Intranet, developed by Andreas Larsson, Tobias Larsson and Peter Törlind, reached the top ten. Nielsen has been called the "guru of webpage usability" by the New York Times, and he currently holds 60 U.S. Patents, most of them concerning web usability. The report states: “It is also notable that Luleå University of Technology made it to the top 10, despite being designed by a bunch of graduate students. Though small and lacking a lot of resources, this design team focused relentlessly on user needs and on simplifying their design through many fast iterations. Some of the Luleå features underwent up to 50 iterations before they reached their current usability level. ‘I thought my initial design for the calendar application was really easy to use - in fact, I was quite proud of it,’ says one of the developers. But, the design didn’t hold up when professors and other staff members used it, so it was changed. User needs triumphed over the designer’s initial pride. That’s the hallmark of a truly great designer. On a small budget, the way to achieve high-quality design is through fast, cheap iterations and a willingness to do what users need.” http://www.useit.com/alertbox/intranet_design_2001.html http://www.nngroup.com/reports/intranet/2001/
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| 50. |
- Larsson, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Modelling of Carbon Nanotube Catalytic Growth
- 2008
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have; due to their remarkable mechanical; electronic and thermal properties; many suggested uses; and have even been demonstrated as interconnects and nano-transistors in laboratory built devices [1-4]. The reason CNTs are not yet incorporated into electronics is due to growth control and placement issues. With present day state-of-the-art techniques it is not possible to grow CNTs with only one property (i.e. either all metallic or all semiconducting); which presents the first and principal hurdle for the utilisation of CNTs in semiconductor industry. It is; however; possible to grow CNTs of a certain type (multi-walled; double-walled; or single walled); within a rather narrow diameter distribution. It is also well understood how the orientation of the honey-comb structure relative to the CNT axis determines the property of the CNT itself. The problem lies in realizing growth of CNTs with control over this internal graphene structuring. We have performed first-principles calculations of how single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) bond with different metal nanoparticles explaining why the traditional catalysts (Fe; Co; Ni) are more successful than other metals (Cu; Pd; Au) [5]; and how this realization relates to new nanocomposite catalyst particles (Cu/Mo) [6]. We will present our contribution to understanding the mechanism of catalytic CNT growth; since it is only through better knowledge that property-controlled growth of CNTs can be achieved
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