| 1. |
- Bourdieu, Pierre, et al.
(författare)
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Leve idrottspedagogiken : En vänbok tillägnad Lars-Magnus Engström
- 2005
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vem ägnar sig åt idrott? Vilken betydelse har fritiden i barns och ungdomars liv? Vad innebär hälsa i skolämnet idrott och hälsa?Leve idrottspedagogiken! tillägnas Lars-Magnus Engström. Texterna i boken speglar delar av det idrottspedagogiska forskningsområdet i Sverige, vars framväxt Lars-Magnus Engström varit den främste företrädaren för. Läsaren får här ta del av exempelvis idrottskulturen, fritidskulturen och skolans ämne idrott och hälsa. Genomgående handlar texterna om villkoren för barns och ungdomars deltagane och om de olika lärprocesser som sker i anslutning till idrottsutövning.Lars-Magnus Engström har gjort betydande insatser som forskare och lärare samt som professor vid Lärarhögskolan i Stockholm och vid Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan. I snart fyrtion år har han arbetat med studier kring påverkans- och lärprocesser i idrott. Hans forskning har främst kretsat kring människors idrottsvanor och vilka som utvecklar en fysiskt aktiv livsstil. Idrotts- och motionsutövningar ger både ett så kallat egenvärde och investeringsvärde. Med dessa begrepp bland många andra har Lars-Magnus Engström bidragit till en fördjupad vetenskaplig förståelse av idrottskulturen.De flesta författarna har eller har haft Lars-Magnus Engström som handledare och tillhör forskningsgruppen för pedagogik, idrott och fritidskultur. Redaktörer för boken är Karin Redelius och Håkan Larsson.
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| 2. |
- Adner, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Budesonide Prevents Cytokine-Induced Decrease of the Relaxant Responses to Formoterol and Terbutaline, but Not to Salmeterol, in Mouse Trachea
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. - : American Society for Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET). - 1521-0103 .- 0022-3565. ; 333:1, s. 273-280
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During asthma exacerbations, increased airway inflammation may impair the effects of beta(2)-adrenoceptor (beta(2)AR) agonists. It is unclear whether this impairment is prevented by inhaled glucocorticoids (GCs). We have investigated the relaxation of carbachol-contracted mouse tracheal segments to the beta(2)AR agonists formoterol, terbutaline, and salmeterol. The segments were pre-exposed for 4 days to the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (100 ng/ml) and interleukin-1 beta (10 ng/ml) with or without the GC, budesonide (1 mu M). Formoterol and terbutaline induced greater maximal relaxation (R-max)than salmeterol. The cytokines decreased R-max of all beta(2)AR agonists, whereas budesonide had no effect. However, after concomitant treatment with cytokines and budesonide, the R-max values of formoterol and terbutaline were not impaired, whereas budesonide did not prevent the decrease in the R-max of salmeterol. A similar pattern was observed for cAMP production by the agonists. In tracheal smooth muscle, beta(2)AR mRNA was not affected by the cytokines but increased with budesonide. However, the cytokines markedly increased cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 mRNA expression, which may lead to heterologous desensitization of beta(2)AR. It is noteworthy that the cytokine-induced increase of COX-2 was blocked by concomitant budesonide suggesting that heterologous desensitization of beta(2)AR by the cytokines may be prevented by budesonide treatment. Budesonide prevented cytokine-induced impairment of the tracheal relaxation and beta(2)AR/cAMP signaling for formoterol but not for salmeterol. This suggests that differences exist between formoterol and salmeterol in beta(2)AR coupling/activation and/or signal transduction upstream of cAMP. These results imply that maximal bronchodilator effects of formoterol, but not of salmeterol, are maintained by budesonide treatment during periods with increased inflammation, such as asthma exacerbations.
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| 3. |
- Anglert, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Att lägga ut diskursen i landskapet
- 2006
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Ingår i: Centraliteter. Människor, strategier och landskap.. - 917209429X ; , s. 13-50
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- An introductory chapter in a book about centrality in the Late Iron Age and the Early Middle Ages. The chapter focusses on concept formation regarding centrality, hierarchy and heterarchy, the landscape, complexity, aristocratization and urbanization.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Christersson, Albert, et al.
(författare)
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Radiographic results after plaster cast fixation for 10 days versus 1 month in reduced distal radius fractures : a prospective randomised study
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1749-799X. ; 11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to examine whether reduced distal radius fractures can be treated with early mobilisation without affecting the radiographic results.METHODS: In a prospective randomised study, 109 patients (mean age 65.8 (range 50-92)) with moderately displaced distal radius fractures were treated with closed reduction and plaster cast fixation for about 10 days (range 8-13 days) followed by randomisation to one of two groups: early mobilisation (n = 54, active group) or continued plaster cast fixation for another 3 weeks (n = 55, control group).RESULTS: For three patients in the active group (6%), treatment proved unsuccessful because of severe displacement of the fracture (n = 2) or perceived instability (n = 1). From 10 days to 1 month, i.e. the only period when the treatment differed between the two groups, the active group displaced significantly more in dorsal angulation (4.5°, p < 0.001), radial angulation (2.0°, p < 0.001) and axial compression (0.5 mm, p = 0.01) compared with the control group. However, during the entire study period (i.e. from admission to 12 months), the active group displaced significantly more than the controls only in radial angulation (3.2°, p = 0.002) and axial compression (0.7 mm, p = 0.02).CONCLUSIONS: Early mobilisation 10 days after reduction of moderately displaced distal radius fractures resulted in both an increased number of treatment failures and increased displacement in radial angulation and axial compression as compared with the control group. Mobilisation 10 days after reduction cannot be recommended for the routine treatment of reduced distal radius fractures.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrail.gov, NCT02798614 . Retrospectively registered 16 June 2016.
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| 6. |
- Dordlofva, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Arrangement for Frequency Planning in Cellular Systems
- 1999
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Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- The invention relates to an arrangement for frequency planning in cellular systems using a mix of wide and narrow antenna beams. The arrangement employs a dual frequency reuse for the respective wide and narrow antenna beams. According to the invention, a first frequency group is allocated to a cluster with a reuse distance sufficient for narrow beam channels and a second frequency group is allocated to a larger cluster with a reuse distance sufficent for wide beam channels. The second frequency group is a subdivision of and contained in the first frequency group. The second frequency group is the only frequency group available for wide beam channels, while all the frequencies of the two groups are available for the narrow beams channels. Generally, the wide beams are used for control channels and the narrow beams are used for traffic channels. A frequency planning in accordance with the invention makes it possible to use narrow beam traffic channels more efficiently compared to known state of the art methods which results in improved trunking efficiency.
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| 7. |
- Furåker, Bengt, 1943, et al.
(författare)
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Trade Union Cooperation in Europe : Patterns, Conditions, Issues
- 2020
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Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- This open access book discusses transnational trade union cooperation in Europe – its forms, focuses, conditions, and obstacles. It provides an overview of existing trade union cooperation and includes detailed analyses of two specific questions: the debates on statutory minimum wages and the Posting of Workers Directive. Drawing on empirical research, the authors take a comparative approach, considering national industrial relations regimes as well as individual sectors. With the ongoing processes of integration in Europe, it has become increasingly important for unions to cooperate with regard to employers and EU institutions. The authors illustrate the interconnections between national and European industrial relations, and explore the process of European integration in labour markets. Illustrating the potential for and difficulties involved in deepening trade union cooperation across Europe, this work is a vital read for trade unionists, researchers and students interested in European trade unionism and labour markets.
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| 8. |
- Glimelius, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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U-CAN : a prospective longitudinal collection of biomaterials and clinical information from adult cancer patients in Sweden.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 57:2, s. 187-194
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Progress in cancer biomarker discovery is dependent on access to high-quality biological materials and high-resolution clinical data from the same cases. To overcome current limitations, a systematic prospective longitudinal sampling of multidisciplinary clinical data, blood and tissue from cancer patients was therefore initiated in 2010 by Uppsala and Umeå Universities and involving their corresponding University Hospitals, which are referral centers for one third of the Swedish population.Material and Methods: Patients with cancer of selected types who are treated at one of the participating hospitals are eligible for inclusion. The healthcare-integrated sampling scheme encompasses clinical data, questionnaires, blood, fresh frozen and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue specimens, diagnostic slides and radiology bioimaging data.Results: In this ongoing effort, 12,265 patients with brain tumors, breast cancers, colorectal cancers, gynecological cancers, hematological malignancies, lung cancers, neuroendocrine tumors or prostate cancers have been included until the end of 2016. From the 6914 patients included during the first five years, 98% were sampled for blood at diagnosis, 83% had paraffin-embedded and 58% had fresh frozen tissues collected. For Uppsala County, 55% of all cancer patients were included in the cohort.Conclusions: Close collaboration between participating hospitals and universities enabled prospective, longitudinal biobanking of blood and tissues and collection of multidisciplinary clinical data from cancer patients in the U-CAN cohort. Here, we summarize the first five years of operations, present U-CAN as a highly valuable cohort that will contribute to enhanced cancer research and describe the procedures to access samples and data.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Hjort, Bengt, 1949-, et al.
(författare)
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Adoption of a Working Environment Innovation : “Rollout Bar Carpets”
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings CIB W099 Belfast 2015. - Downpatrick : EEI Publishing. - 9781909854017 ; , s. 417-425
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Work environment problems associated with reinforcement work at constructions sites are often great and difficult. This applies especially to the ergonomic situation. The situation is particularly difficult in connection with reinforcement in horizontal structural elements such as slabs and foundation slabs on the ground, where several of the most difficult load factors occur. Since about 15 years there is an innovation (rollout bar carpets) available on the Swedish market. This innovation can many times be used at these structural elements and gives both time savings and working environmental benefits. Despite this the innovation has been and is adopted rather seldom. The reasons for this have been studied through semi structured interviews with with design-engineers, site-managers, workers and persons working at a reinforcement manufacturing company. The main results from the study are as follows: i) Rollout bar carpets have a potential of improving both work environment and time consumption on site. However, this may not be enough in itself to achieve a general adoption of the technology. ii) The implementation and adoption of innovations in construction may be more complex than the novelty of the innovation may suggest. This is due to the contextual delimitations of a project-based industry and the different roles in the construction process.
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| 11. |
- Hjort, Bengt, 1949-, et al.
(författare)
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Success Factors Related to Industrialized Building in Sweden
- 2014
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Ingår i: CIB International Conference 2014. - Salford : School of the Built Environment, University of Salford. - 9781907842542 - 1907842543
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the last decade there has been intense discussion in Sweden about industrialization in construction. The discussion has focused on industrialization in connection with erection of multi dwelling houses. It has been argued that industrialization is a key factor as regards obtaining affordable high-quality dwellings. During the last ten years some new industrialization concepts have been developed and tested. Even though some concepts have failed others have been more successful and are under further development. Industrialization is a reality within the Swedish construction sector and can be assumed to play an important role in the future as regards obtaining affordable high-quality dwellings. In this paper success factors related to four industrialized building concepts/methods are described and discussed. The review is based on available literature relating to each of the concepts/methods/producers, from which it was possible to ascertain success and failure factors.
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| 12. |
- Jäwert, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Loss of 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine and TET2 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Anticancer research. - 1791-7530 .- 0250-7005. ; 33:10, s. 4325-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, are considered important in the regulation of target genes in cancer development. 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) was recently discovered to be related to the process of malignant transformation. The influence of DNA methylation in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) is not fully-understood. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the DNA methylation pattern in OSCC compared to healthy oral epithelium.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Karlsson, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Information driven collaborative engineering : enabling functional product innovation
- 2005
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Ingår i: Challenges in Collaborative Engineering - CCE '05. - Jönköping, Sweden : Department of Computer & Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering, Jönköping University. - 9197560413
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper discusses Information Driven Collaborative Engineering (IDCE) as an enabler of Functional Product Innovation (FPI). It discusses challenges that arise in functional product development and how distributed collaborative work will be affected. Finally the paper proposes bringing the domains of Distributed Collaborative Engineering (DCE) and Knowledge Enabled Engineering (KEE) together to form IDCE, in order to meet these challenges.
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| 15. |
- Karlsson, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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PRISMA IRIDES : PERFORMANCE AT THE END OF THE DRIFT PHASE & PLANNED RENDEZVOUS EXPERIMENTS
- 2014
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Ingår i: 9th International ESA Conference on Guidance, Navigation & Control Systems, Oporto, Portugal.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- PRISMA was launched on June 15, 2010 to demonstrate strategies and technologies for formation flying and rendezvous. OHB Sweden is the prime contractor for the project which is funded by the Swedish National Space Board with additional support from DLR, CNES, and DTU.PRISMA consists of two spacecraft: Mango and Tango. The Mango spacecraft is 3-axis stabilized and has a propulsion system providing full 3D orbit control. Tango is 3-axis stabilized with a solar magnetic control system and does not have orbit control capability. The two spacecraft were launched clamped together into a 700 km SSO and Tango was successfully separated from Mango on August 11, 2010.In April 2013, when both the nominal and extended mission phases were successfully completed, new objectives were assigned to the Mango spacecraft and the Tango spacecraft was shut down permanently. An eighteen month journey was started towards a new, non-cooperative space object to demonstrate rendezvous and inspection within an experiment called IRIDES (Iterative Reduction of Inspection Distance with Embedded Safety). The baseline rendezvous target is Picard.Since the start of IRIDES, the Mango spacecraft has completed a large series of optimized orbit manoeuvres that has put the spacecraft on a drift towards the new object. The rendezvous is expected in the second half of 2014 and will demonstrate optical relative navigation technologies and the characterization of the rendezvous object and its motion with the use of the on-board video system. The rendezvous strategy within IRIDES includes a series of collision free drift manoeuvres past the rendezvous object successively reducing the closest relative distance. The demonstrated technologies for this rendezvous are believed to play an important role in the future developments associated with space debris mitigation.The paper gives a brief introduction to PRISMA including a retrospective of the different achievements made in the mission. The paper then describes the optimized orbit manoeuvres made to acquire the drift orbit. The status of the drift finalization is then given where the initial manoeuvres performed to finalize the drift are described. The final part of the paper describes the planned activities within the rendezvous phase with focus on the IRIDES experiment.
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| 16. |
- Klarin, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Adhesion of the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum 299v onto the gut mucosa in critically ill patients: a randomised open trial.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Critical Care. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1364-8535. ; 9:3, s. 285-293
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction To achieve any possible positive effect on the intestinal mucosa cells it is important that probiotics adhere tightly onto the intestinal mucosa. It has been shown in healthy volunteers that Lactobacillus plantarum 299v (Lp 299v) (DSM 9843), a probiotic bacterium, given orally in a fermented oatmeal formula adheres onto the intestinal mucosa, but whether this also occurs in critically ill patients is unknown. Methods After randomisation, nine enterally fed, critically ill patients treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics received an oatmeal formula fermented with Lp 299v throughout their stay in the intensive care unit; eight patients served as controls. Biopsies of the rectal mucosa were made at admission and then twice a week, and the biopsies were analysed blindly. Results Four patients in the control group were colonised with Lp 299v at admission but thereafter all their biopsies were negative (Lp 299v is an ingredient in a common functional food, ProViva(R), in Sweden). Of the treated patients none was colonised at admission but three patients had Lp 299v adhered on the mucosa from the second or third biopsy and in the following samples. Conclusion This study shows that Lp 299v could survive the passage from the stomach to the rectum and was able adhere onto the rectal mucosa also in critically ill, antibiotic-treated patients.
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| 17. |
- Klarin, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Lactobacillus plantarum 299v reduces colonisation of Clostridium difficile in critically ill patients treated with antibiotics
- 2008
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Ingår i: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-5172 .- 1399-6576. ; 52:8, s. 1096-1102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The incidence of Clostridium difficile-associated disease (CDAD) in hospitalised patients is increasing. Critically ill patients are often treated with antibiotics and are at high risk of developing CDAD. Lactobacillus plantarum 299v (Lp299v) has been found to reduce recurrence of CDAD. We investigated intensive care unit (ICU) patients regarding the impact of Lp299v on C. difficile colonisation and on gut permeability and parameters of inflammation and infection in that context. Methods: Twenty-two ICU patients were given a fermented oatmeal gruel containing Lp299v, and 22 received an equivalent product without the bacteria. Faecal samples for analyses of C. difficile and Lp299v were taken at inclusion and then twice a week during the ICU stay. Other cultures were performed on clinical indication. Infection and inflammation parameters were analysed daily. Gut permeability was assessed using a sugar probe technique. Main Results: Colonisation with C. difficile was detected in 19% (4/21) of controls but in none of the Lp299v-treated patients (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Enteral administration of the probiotic bacterium Lp299v to critically ill patients treated with antibiotics reduced colonisation with C. difficile. Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN85655545
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| 18. |
- Klarin, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Susceptibility to antibiotics in isolates of Lactobacillus plantarum RAPD-type Lp299v, harvested from antibiotic treated, critically ill patients after administration of probiotics.
- 2019
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Ingår i: MicrobiologyOpen. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2045-8827. ; 8:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recultured Lactobacillus plantarum 299v-like strains were tested regarding antibiotic susceptibility, and no decrease was detected. Antibiotics are frequently used to treat patients in intensive care units (ICUs) and are associated with a significant risk of selection of resistant bacterial strains. In particular, it is possible that genetic transfer of antibiotic resistance to the resident gastrointestinal flora, as well as to administered probiotics, may be increased in the ICU setting. The aim of the present investigation was to detect possible changes in antimicrobial susceptibility in reisolates of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus plantarum 299v (Lp299v) given to antibiotic treated, critically ill patients. Lp299v-like strains were identified in cultures of biopsies and fecal samples from 32 patients given the probiotic strain enterally in two previous ICU studies. The patients received a variety of antibiotics. Isolates with the same genomic RAPD profile (RAPD-type) as Lp299v were obtained to enable monitoring of antibiotic susceptibility by E-tests. Forty-two isolates, collected throughout the course of illness, were tested against 22 different antibiotics. No obvious decrease in susceptibility was found for 21 of the tested antibiotics. There was a tendency toward decreased susceptibility to ampicillin. The stable antibiotic susceptibility profiles of the Lp299v-like isolates studied here suggests this probiotic is less likely to acquire resistance when administered to critically ill patients treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics.
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| 19. |
- Klarin, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Use of the probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum 299 to reduce pathogenic bacteria in the oropharynx of intubated patients : a randomised controlled open pilot study
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Critical Care. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1364-8535 .- 1466-609X. ; 12:6, s. R136-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is usually caused by aspiration of pathogenic bacteria from the oropharynx. Oral decontamination with antiseptics, such as chlorhexidine (CHX) or antibiotics, has been used as prophylaxis against this complication. We hypothesised that the probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum 299 (Lp299) would be as efficient as CHX in reducing the pathogenic bacterial load in the oropharynx of tracheally intubated, mechanically ventilated, critically ill patients. METHODS: Fifty critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation were randomised to either oral mechanical cleansing followed by washing with 0.1% CHX solution or to the same cleansing procedure followed by oral application of an emulsion of Lp299. Samples for microbiological analyses were taken from the oropharynx and trachea at inclusion and at defined intervals thereafter. RESULTS: Potentially pathogenic bacteria that were not present at inclusion were identified in oropharyngeal samples from eight of the patients treated with Lp299 and 13 of those treated with CHX (p = 0.13). Analysis of tracheal samples yielded similar results. Lp299 was recovered from the oropharynx of all patients in the Lp299 group. CONCLUSIONS: In this pilot study, we found no difference between the effect of Lp299 and CHX used in oral care procedures, when we examined the effects of those agents on colonisation of potentially pathogenic bacteria in the oropharynx of intubated, mechanically ventilated patients.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Larsson, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Distributed team innovation - a framework for distributed product development
- 2003
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In response to the need for increased effectivity in global product development, the Polhem Laboratory at Luleå University of Technology, Sweden, and the Center for Design Research at Stanford University, USA, have created the concept of Distributed Team Innovation (DTI). The overall aim of the DTI framework is to decrease the negative impact of geographic distance on product development efforts and to further enhance current advantages of worldwide, multidisciplinary collaboration. The DTI framework uses a three-layered approach to the advancement of global collaboration; with product development, education, and research in dynamic and synergetic interaction. From our preliminary findings, we believe that the approach we have taken in the DTI initiative will make significant contributions to meet current challenges of distributed product development.
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| 22. |
- Larsson, Bengt, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Accounting for Personal Overindebtedness : Debtors' Accounts in Applications for Debt Relief at the Swedish Enforcement Authority
- 2012
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Ingår i: Sociological Research Online. - : Sage Publications. - 1360-7804. ; 17:4, s. 114-124
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to describe and understand the accounts given in applications for debt relief/adjustment in relation to the 'question situation' that overindebted person stand before in their encounters with Swedish authorities. The analysis is based on the sociology of accounts and is made against the background of previous research on overindebtedness in the Nordic countries. The paper shows that the accounts given by debtors include examples of 'refusals' and 'denials', but mainly comprise narratives and accounts centred around giving 'justifications' and 'excuses' focusing on external circumstances (illness, unemployment, divorce, bankruptcy), helplessness, or a lack of knowledge or intent (others causing the debt, or problems of addiction). The applications also contain some 'concessions', 'pledges' and 'appeals' by which the debtors try to show that they are improving in taking economic responsibility and deserve debt relief. The analysis thereby shows which accounts are considered legitimate, but also that the framing cues defining and delimiting the question situation are too weak to produce uniform forms of accounting. Many applicants for debt relief respond to a wide definition of the question situation - one that relates to self-image and social identity.
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| 23. |
- Larsson, Bengt, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Accounting for personal overindebtedness: Debtors’ accounts in applications for debt relief at the Swedish Enforcement Agency
- 2011
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Ingår i: 10th Conference of the European Sociological Association.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- While the Swedish economy is recovering fast from the financial crisis of 2008-9, many households are still in severe and increasing debt problems, not least because of credit driven private consumption. Even though the increase of overindebted persons is coming to a halt at app. 5 % of the population, the number of applications to the Swedish Enforcement Agency for debt release is still increasing (appr 1 %). This paper is part of a project studying the process of debt relief/adjustment in Sweden and analyses 60 such applications. The aim is to describe and understand the accounts given in these applications in relation to the “question situation” that the over-indebted person stands before in their encounters with the authorities. The analysis is based on the sociology of accounts and is made against the background of previous research on the experiences of personal overindebtedness in the Nordic countries. The paper show that the accounts given by debtors include some few examples of “refusals” and “denials”, but mainly comprise of narratives and accounts centred around giving “justifications” and “excuses”, focusing on external circumstances (illness, unemployment, divorce, bankruptcy) helplessness, or a lack of knowledge or intent (others causing the debt or problems of addiction). The applications also contain “concessions”, “pledges” and “appeals” by which the debtors are trying to show that they are improving in taking economic responsibility and deserving a debt relief. The analysis thereby shows which accounts are considered being legitimate, both by the debtors and by the municipal budget- and debt advisers that are to help debtors in applying for debt relief. In addition, the analysis shows that the accounts and narratives given by the debtors often go far beyond what they are asked to explain by the Enforcement Agency, thus indicating that debtors have difficulty in bracketing explanations and accounts produced to acquire social and moral acceptance and re-establishment.
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| 24. |
- Larsson, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Den svenska lärarstudenten i idrott och hälsa
- 2013
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Ingår i: SVEBI konferens: Idrottsforskning i tiden.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I Sverige har en stark expansion av studenter till högre utbildning skett under de senaste två decennierna. Flera orsaker finns till detta: många utbildningar har förlängts, dvs studenter stannar kvar längre inom systemet, nya lärosäten har tillkommit och utbildningsutbudet har expanderat. Socialt sett har expansionen inneburit en stark tillströmning från grupper som inte tidigare har studerat på universitetsnivå – ur ett meritokratiskt perspektiv har förändringen lett till en ökad andel studenter med svaga skolmeriter (Broady, Börjesson & Bertilsson 2009:12). Vad som drastiskt förändrats är dock söktrycket till lärarutbildningarna. Det kan vara av intresse att studera rekryteringen till idrottslärarutbildningen - då många förändringar skett under senare år.Syftet är att beskriva idrottslärarstudenterna med fokus på deras dispositioner i termer av erfarenhet, resurser och smaker. Vi tar utgångspunkt i den franska kultursociologen Bourdieus teorier och begrepp. I Bourdieus tankar om hur den sociala världen är konstruerad har gruppers sociala bakgrund, erfarenheter och levnadsvanor betydelse för deras val och handlingar. Bourdieu (1977, 1990, 2000) förundrades över att vi trots att vi i praktiken kan välja fritt och upplever att vi gör det, ändå i så hög grad väljer i linje med det sociala sammanhang vi är uppväxta i och har erfarenheter ifrån. En enkätstudie har genomförts där samtliga sju lärosäten med examensrätt ht 2011 deltog och de nyrekryterade studenterna besvarade enkäten (208 studenter). data har analyserats med hjälp av SPSS 20.0.Resultat visar att de studenter som ht-11 påbörjade sina studier i idrott och hälsa kan beskrivas som en ganska homogen grupp som dock skiljer sig på en del punkter från den genomsnittliga lärarstudenten. I den undersökta gruppen är exempelvis drygt 60 % män jämfört med ca 20 % för den totala gruppen lärarstudenter. I ett åldersperspektiv är hälften av gruppen mellan 21-25 år, ca 40 %är mellan 18-20 år och knappt 10 % är äldre än 25 år. Majoriteten av studenterna har genomgått ett studieförberedande gymnasieprogram och av dessa har drygt 40 % gått ett program med idrottsinriktning. Cirka 60 % av studenterna har en eller två föräldrar med universitets-/högskoleutbildning.Innan studenterna började sin utbildning i idrott och hälsa hade drygt 10 % skaffat sig erfarenhet av arbete inom förskola eller skola. En betydligt större andel, knappt 60 %, hade erfarenhet av annan yrkesverksamhet. När det gäller idrottserfarenhet uppger drygt tre fjärdedelar att de har sådan och knappt tre fjärdedelar att de även har erfarenhet av att vara ledare inom idrottsrörelsen. På fritiden ägnar sig studenterna huvudsakligen åt eget idrottande/motionerande, umgås med vänner, Internet i olika former, se på video/teve samt umgås med familjen. Däremot är intresset för exempelvis politik och kultur lågt.Bourdieu, P. (1977). Outline of a Theory of Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Bourdieu, P. (1990). The Logic of Practice. Cambridge: Polity Press. Bourdieu, P. (2000). Pascalian Meditations. USA: Stanford University Press.Broady, D., Börjesson, M. & Bertilsson, E. (2009). Lärarutbildningens hierarkier, Nordisk tidskrift för kultur- og samfundsvidenskab (4), 5–17.
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| 25. |
- Larsson, Bengt, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Discretion in the “Backyard of Law”: Case Handling of Debt Relief in Sweden
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Professions and Professionalism. - Oslo : OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University. - 1893-1049. ; 3:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article explores discretion in welfare professional work. The aim is to analyse what room for discretionary decision-making that exist in case handling of debt relief at the Swedish Enforcement Authority (SEA). The analysis is guided by a conceptual distinction between structural and epistemic aspects of discretion, as well as between substantive and procedural aspects. The data comprises official and internal SEA documents, interviews with management and staff and field notes from observations. The analysis points to a change in the balance between standards and discretion in relation to the on-going formalization of case handling at the SEA, though not in the simplistic sense that discretion is diminished through formalization. When taking into account the different analytical aspects of discretion, it is concluded that discretion is narrowed only in some respects. There is still space for case officers in selecting and interpreting information and assess-ing the conditions regarding subject matter.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Larsson, Bengt, 1943-, et al.
(författare)
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Logistik vid husbyggande : Några praktikfall
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bakgrund: I slutet av 70-talet påbörjades studier om överförbrukning av material i byggproduktionen med FoU-Väst som pådrivare och SBUF som finansiär. Det genomfördes då ett antal “materialspills- projekt” som blev ganska uppmärksammade och som påverkade synen på hur viktigt det är att hantera byggmaterial på rätt sätt. Under de mer än trettio år som gått sedan dess har ett flertal utvecklingsprojekt om byggandets logistik genomförts. Men ämnet är inte uttömt, byggande innebär ständig utveckling och eftersom 50 % av kostnaderna i ett byggprojekt är kostnader för material finns det fortfarande många möjligheter till effektivisering. I detta utvecklingsprojekt har några arbetsplatser studerats samtidigt som samverkan med några byggmaterialleverantörer har undersökts.Syfte: Det finns ett betydande slöseriet inom byggmaterialhanteringen. Brister i inköps- och materialhanteringsprocessen påverkar i hög grad byggandets effektivitet. Exempel på detta är överproduktion, korrigeringsarbete, onödig förflyttning av material, stora materiallager, väntetid i produktionen och onödiga arbetskraftsförflyttningar. Allt detta rör logistiken på byggarbetsplatsen. Bygglogistik omfattar planering, organisering, koordinering och kontroll av materialflöden från råmaterial tills det att materialet byggts in i den färdiga byggnaden. Syftet med detta projekt har varit att identifiera och förklara faktorer som har betydelse för materialflödeskostnadernas struktur och storlek, och som är möjliga att påverka. Normala byggmaterial har valts ut för praktikfallsstudier – material som är besvärliga ur logistikperspektiv och som har en stor besparingspotential.Genomförande: Med stöd från SBUF har arbetet utförts av deltagare från PEAB och Högskolan i Halmstad. För att samla in materialet till rapporten gjordes en omfattande litteraturstudie. Vidare gjordes uppföljningar på sju olika husbyggnadsarbetsplatser och intervjuer med sex byggmaterialtillverkare/leverantörer genomfördes.Resultat: Erfarenheter från tidigare projekt: Det finns alltså en mängd studier gjorda som visar på olika brister i byggandets materialhantering och många menar att med utnyttjande av studiernas rekommendationer borde kostnaderna för material och hantering av material kunna minskas med bortåt 50 %. Den största vinsten kan nås genom att effektivisera hantering och lagring av byggmaterial. Reduktion av materialspill och minskade störningar kan också ge minskade logistikkostnader. Lägsta pris är ofta inte det samma som lägsta totalkostnad. Det fysiska flödet på byggarbetsplatsen kan förbättras genom att försöka skapa tillgång till nödvändigt byggmaterial utan att bygga upp för stora lager. Byggmaterial som lagras länge riskerar att användas till annat, fördärvas eller att stjälas. Byggmaterialterminaler kan i vissa fall vara ett alternativ till lager på byggarbetsplatsen. Många pekar på vikten av långsiktigt samarbete mellan leverantör och entreprenör/projekt. Men denna samverkan försvåras genom att byggarna går från projekt till projekt och att det krävs så många olika byggmaterial. Det kontinuerliga samarbetet och standardisering av kommunikation och produkter blir lidande på grund av detta.Under senare år har det blivit vanligare med import av byggmaterial. Import kan ge billigare priser men risken är att dessa vinster äts upp av ökande logistikkostnader.
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| 28. |
- Larsson, Bengt, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Standards and discretion in the “backyard of law” – case handling of debt relief at the Swedish Enforcement Authority
- 2012
-
Ingår i: 26th Conference of the Nordic Sociological Association, 15-18 August 2012, University of Iceland, Reykjavik.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The number of applications for debt relief has been increasing in Sweden during the last ten years. Up until 2006 when a new debt relief law was introduced, the number of rejections was higher than the number of decisions on debt relief. But since then that relation has been inversed and the number of positive decision almost twice as high as the number of rejections. The policy of the enforcement agency during the last years has been, not only to grant debt relief in as many cases as possible given the legal space for maneuver, but also to strengthen both the productivity and the uniformity in the decision making process. This paper analyses the case handling in the debt relief process at the Swedish Enforcement Authority. The focus is on the relation between legal standards and professional discretion in case-handling. In addition to this general theme, the paper also discusses the relation between individual and collective interpretive practices, local variation and uniformity, and the translation of the debtors’ accounts and other information into legally binding decisions. The empirical base of the paper is organizational documents from the Enforcement Agency, ethnographic participation at meetings, and interviews with staff and management.
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| 29. |
- Larsson, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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The Swedish PE student of today : a cultural sociological analysis
- 2013
-
Ingår i: ECER 2013, Creativity and Innovation in Educational Research. ; , s. 93-, s. 93-
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The past two decades have seen a huge increase in the number of students enrolling in higher education in Sweden. There are several reasons for this: many of the degree programmes have been extended, resulting in students remaining in the system longer than previously; the number of degree programmes to choose from has increased; and there are new higher education institutions (HEIs). Socially speaking, the expansion has led to a huge influx of groups that had not previously studied at university—from a meritocratic perspective, this change has resulted in a growing number of students with poor qualifications (Broady, Börjesson & Bertilsson 2009: 12). The teacher training programme has, however, seen a very modest increase in the number of students. The 1971/72 academic year saw 9,500 student teachers accepted, which constituted 40 per cent of the intake. Today’s 11,000 student teachers only make up 17 per cent of the higher education intake (Bertilsson 2009). What has dramatically changed is the oversubscription to teacher training programmes. At the beginning of the 1980s, there were approximately ten applicants per place compared with at present just over one per place. The percentage of male applicants to teacher training programmes has for the past decade remained around the 20 per cent mark (Swedish National Agency for Higher Education [HSV] 2012). One possible explanation for the teacher training programme being less oversubscribed is that it has faced ever-greater competition from other higher education programmes. Another might be the mass media’s portrayal and the constant criticism of schools and that nowadays teaching is classed as a low-status profession. This might explain why, compared with other university programmes, the teacher training programme has the largest percentage of students whose parents have no higher education experience (Börjesson & Broady 2004; Börjesson 2004; Statistics Sweden [SCB] HSV 2009, 2010; Larsson 2009). The question of interest here is what has happened to the recruiting within the Swedish teacher training programme in recent decades (Bertilsson 2009). In this context, the recruiting to the Physical Education Teacher Education (PETE) programme is also of interest. For more than 150 years, there was only one PETE programme in Sweden, namely the Royal Central Institute of Gymnastics founded by Per Henrik Ling. In 1966, a sister organization was founded, this time in the city of Örebro, both came under the same organizational unit and were known collectively as the Stockholm University College of Physical Education and Sports (GIH). From the latter half of the 1980s until 2001, the number of HEIs offering a PETE programme increased to sixteen as a result of various teacher training reforms (Meckbach & Wedman 2007). This number has now decreased and as of 2011 there are only seven HEIs entitled to award the degree of Bachelor of Education in Physical Education.The aim of this study is to describe the student PE teachers in Sweden, with focus on their dispositions in terms of experiences, resources and tastes.Methodology To be able to study student PE teachers’ dispositions, resources and tastes, we take Bourdieu’s theories and concepts as our starting point. In Bourdieu’s thoughts on how the social world is constructed, groups’ social background, experiences and ways of living influence their choices and actions. Bourdieu (1984) was surprised that even though we are able to freely choose and feel that we do so, we, nevertheless, to such a great extent, make choices according to the social context we have grown up in and have experiences of. Using Bourdieu’s theoretical concepts makes it possible to examine the students’ tastes, practices and lifestyles.The data has been collected as follows: the student PE teachers in Sweden that run a PETE programme answered a questionnaire with thirty-five questions. Apart from the background information, the questionnaire contained questions about the studies and the students’ leisure habits. The vast majority were closed questions, where the respondents were asked to give one answer. For a small number of questions, it was possible to give more than one answer. The data has been analysed using statistical methods chosen based on the study’s questions. In total, 208 students participated in the study.Results Those students who began studying PETE in the autumn of 2011 can be described as a pretty homogeneous group that, nevertheless, differentiates itself from the average student teacher in a number of respects. For example, in the group studied a little over 60% are men compared with approximately 20% for the whole group of student teachers. In terms of age, half of the group are between 21 and 25 years old. The majority of the students have completed a preparatory upper secondary programme, of which just over 40% have completed a programme specializing in sport. Approximately 60% of the students have one or two parents with a university or higher education.Before starting their PETE programme, just over 10% of the students had experience of working at a school. As for having experience of sport, just over three-quarters say that they have such experience and almost three-quarters also have experience of being a coach within the Swedish sports movement. In their free time, the students mainly do sports, see their friends, use the Internet for various things, watch videos and TV, and see their family. However, there is little interest in, for example, politics and culture.References Bertilsson, Emil (2009). Lärarstudenterna: Förändring i rekrytering under perioden 1977-2007, (4), 19–41.Bourdieu, Pierre (1984). Distinction. A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste. (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul).Broady, Donald, Börjesson, Mikael & Bertilsson, Emil (2009). Lärarutbildningens hierarkier, Nordisk tidskrift för kultur- og samfundsvidenskab (4), 5–17.Börjesson, Mikael (2004). Det svenska högskolefältet och lärarutbildningarna. (Uppsala: Forskningsgruppen för utbildnings- och kultursociologi (SEC) Institutionen för lärarutbildning, Uppsala universitet).Börjesson, Mikael & Broady, Donald (2004). Vad har studenter vid Uppsala universitet i bagaget? Om social och meritokratisk snedrekrytering. (Uppsala: Forskningsgruppen för utbildnings- och kultursociologi (SEC) Institutionen för lärarutbildning, Uppsala universitet).Larsson, Lena (2009). Idrott–och helst lite mer idrott. Idrottslärarstudenters möte med utbildningen. Diss. (Stockholm: Stockholms universitet).Meckbach, Jane & Wedman, Ingemar (2007). Idrottslärarstudenten vid GIH. www.idrottsforum.orgHSV (2009).Uppföljning av lärosätenas arbete med breddad rekrytering 2006–2008. Rapport 2009:18 R.HSV (2010). Higher education. Level of parental education among university entrants 2009/10 and first time students at third circle studies 2008/09. UF 20 SM 1003HSV (2012) http://www.hsv.se/download/18.4149f55713bbd917563800045/statistisk-analys-larautbildning-2012-15.pdfStatistiska centralbyrån 2006, Universitet och högskolor. Social bakgrund bland högskolenybörjare 2005/06 och doktorandnybörjare 2004/05.
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| 30. |
- Larsson, E, et al.
(författare)
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Corticosteroid treatment of experimental arthritis retards cartilage destruction as determined by histology and serum COMP
- 2004
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Ingår i: Rheumatology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1462-0332 .- 1460-2172 .- 1462-0324. ; 43:4, s. 428-434
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To examine if changes in serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) correlate with the development of cartilage damage, as measured by histological grading, in corticosteroid-treated animals with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Methods. DA rats with established CIA were treated with corticosteroids (betamethasone, 0.1 mg/kg body weight) or placebo (saline) intraperitoneally once daily after reaching an arthritis score exceeding 1. The treatment continued throughout the study. Arthritis progression was monitored by clinical scoring of paws, serial measurements of serum COMP and fibrinogen, and histological grading of paws. Results. Corticosteroid treatment reduced clinical signs of arthritis compared with placebo (arthritis score reduced, P < 0.01 at day 25). Corticosteroid treatment also reduced fibrinogen levels compared with placebo (P < 0.01). The morphological changes in the joint were less severe in the corticosteroid-treated animals (median cartilage score 4 in the placebo group, 0 in the corticosteroid-treated group; P < 0.01). The levels of COMP remained unchanged during treatment in the corticosteroid-treated arthritic animals, whereas an increase in levels of COMP was observed in rats treated with placebo (P < 0.01). There was a correlation between serum COMP and the extent of cartilage destruction at day 25 after immunization (r=0.77, P < 0.001). Conclusions. Corticosteroids given therapeutically to arthritic rats diminish joint destruction histologically, and stable serum COMP levels reflect this effect.
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| 31. |
- Larsson, E, et al.
(författare)
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Serum concentrations of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein, fibrinogen and hyaluronan distinguish inflammation and cartilage destruction in experimental arthritis in rats.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Rheumatology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1462-0332 .- 1460-2172 .- 1462-0324. ; 41, s. 996-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES:We investigated if changes in serum/plasma fibrinogen (FIB), hyaluronan (HA) and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) levels can be used to differentiate between inflammation and cartilage involvement during arthritis. METHODS:Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), oil-induced arthritis (OIA) and for comparison, experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) induced in DA rats were investigated. RESULTS:Elevations of FIB concentrations were apparent at days 4-7 post-immunization in both arthritis models reaching a maximum on day 20-21, i.e. before peak arthritis. Elevations of HA in both models were seen shortly before macroscopically apparent arthritis, and peaked at or just before maximal arthritis, i.e. later in CIA than in OIA. COMP levels increased only after onset of arthritis and peaked late in disease (days 34-37), being significantly higher in the more destructive CIA compared with the less destructive OIA. During EAE flares, only FIB levels increased. CONCLUSIONS:FIB is a general inflammation marker, HA appears to be a marker for synovitis and changes in COMP levels appear to reflect the cartilage destruction process.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Larsson, Håkan, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Social stratification of physical activity. An exploration into how logics of practice affect participation in movement culture
- 2023
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Ingår i: Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1740-8989 .- 1742-5786. ; 28:3, s. 213-228
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Researchers have long studied the social stratification of physical activity patterns in terms of 'determinants' of physically active lifestyles. In this article, we set out to explore how Bourdieu's concept logic of practice can be used as an intermediating analytical tool to promote understanding rather than the calculation of human participation in movement culture. Theoretical framework: The logic of the practice is similar to the logic of the logician, but it differs in terms of temporality and directionality. Specifically, where the logician needs not take notice to such worldly matters, they are inevitably inherent in social life. Thus, logics of practice guide how practice is played out as well as, on the level of the unconscious, the attitude of its participants towards themselves, the practice, and each other. Different logics of practice, as previously theorised by Engstrom, may 'taste' differently to people depending on their habitus, that is, their embodied dispositions. In this article, such logics of practice of movement culture are investigated further. Purpose: The purpose of the article is to investigate how gender and social position relate to participation in movement cultures that are guided by different logics of practice. Method: In 1968, just over 2000 Swedish teenagers who were born in 1953, answered a questionnaire about their participation in movement culture. New data collections took place in 1973, 1978, 1983, 1994 and 2006/2007. The current paper is based on data collected from 846 individuals, now 63 years old, who chose to participate in a new data collection. Data about self-reported participation in movement culture, and the stated taste (or dis-taste) for certain logics of practice in movement culture, was calculated in relation to gender, level of education (cultural capital) and self-reported class affiliation (economic capital). Results and conclusions: The statistical analysis indicates that while the logic of performing in this study indicates masculine and upper-class values, the logic of experiencing indicates feminine and academic values. The logic of improving seems to hold a middle-ground position. Importantly one of the logics, experiencing nature, which is actually also the one that most of the 63 year-olds express a taste for, seem not to be linked to either gender or social position. We conclude that this may have important societal and pedagogical implications, for example, that increasing the possibilities to experience nature could facilitate participation in movement culture at least among Swedish upper middle-aged people.
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| 34. |
- Larsson, K, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic and perinatal factors as risk for childhood type 1 diabetes
- 2004
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Ingår i: Diabetes/Metabolism Research & Reviews. - : Wiley. - 1520-7552. ; 20:6, s. 429-437
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mechanisms by which gestational infections, blood incompatibility, birth weight, mother's age and other prenatal or neonatal events increase the risk for type 1 diabetes are not understood. Studies so far have been retrospective, and there is a lack of population-based prospective studies. The possibility identifying children at type 1 diabetes risk among first-degree relatives has resulted in prospective studies aimed at identifying postnatal events associated with the appearance of autoantibody markers for type 1 diabetes and a possible later onset of diabetes. However, the majority (85%) of new onset type 1 diabetes children do not have a first-degree relative with the disease. Population-based studies are therefore designed to prospectively analyse pregnant mothers and their offspring. One such study is DiPiS (Diabetes Prediction in Skane), which is examining a total of about 10 000 pregnancies expected every year in the Skane (Scania) region of Sweden that has 1.1 million inhabitants. Blood samples from all mothers in this region are obtained during pregnancy and at the time of delivery. Cord blood is analysed for HLA high-risk alleles and for autoantibodies against the 65 kD isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA), the protein tyrosine phosphatase-related IA-2 antigen (IA-2A) and insulin (IAA) as a measure of prenatal autoimmune exposure. Identifying high-risk children by genetic, autoimmune and gestational risk factors followed by prospective analyses will make it possible to test the hypothesis that gestational events may trigger beta cell autoimmunity as a prerequisite for childhood type 1 diabetes. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.
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| 35. |
- Larsson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
-
Birgitta Hårdh : A bibiography
- 2015
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Ingår i: Small Things – Wide Horizons : Studies in honour of Birgitta Hårdh - Studies in honour of Birgitta Hårdh. - 9781784911317 ; , s. 301-301
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 36. |
- Larsson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Close to Asgard : between West and South
- 2015
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Ingår i: Small Things – Wide Horizons : Studies in honour of Birgitta Hårdh - Studies in honour of Birgitta Hårdh. - 9781784911317 ; , s. 110-114
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 37. |
- Larsson, Lena, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Expression of High Mobility Group A proteins in oral leukoplakia
- 2013
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 33:10, s. 4261-4266
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Oral leukoplakia (LPL) is considered a potentially malignant disorder in the oral cavity and the gastric tract. The high mobility group A (HMGA) proteins are important in the transformation of normal cells into cancer cells, but there is a lack of knowledge about their importance in development of oral cancer. The aim of the current project was to investigate HMGA expression in LPLs with different levels of dysplasia. Materials and Methods: Biopsies were histologically processed to visualize the expression of HMGA1 and HMGA2 using immunohistochemistry. Results: An increase of HMGA1-positive cells correlating to the degree of dysplasia was registered in the epithelium and in the connective tissue. HMGA2 expression was seen in the epithelium and in the connective tissue but with no obvious correlation to the level of dysplasia. Conclusion: This is, to our knowledge, the first study showing the expression of HMGA proteins in healthy and non-healthy oral mucosa.
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| 38. |
- Lindehammer, Sabina, et al.
(författare)
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Temporal trends of HLA genotype frequencies of type 1 diabetes patients in Sweden from 1986 to 2005 suggest altered risk
- 2008
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Ingår i: Acta Diabetologica. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0940-5429 .- 1432-5233. ; 45:4, s. 231-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to compare the frequency of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotypes in 1-18-year-old patients with type 1 diabetes newly diagnosed in 1986-1987 (n = 430), 1996-2000 (n = 342) and in 2003-2005 (n = 171). We tested the hypothesis that the HLA DQ genotype distribution changes over time. Swedish type 1 diabetes patients and controls were typed for HLA using polymerase chain reaction amplification and allele specific probes for DQ A1* and B1* alleles. The most common type 1 diabetes HLA DQA1*-B1*genotype 0501-0201/0301-0302 was 36% (153/430) in 1986-1987 and 37% (127/342) in 1996-2000, but decreased to 19% (33/171) in 2003-2005 (P \ 0.0001). The 0501-0201/0501-0201 genotype increased from 1% in 1986-1987 to 7% in 1996-2000 (P = 0.0047) and to 5% in 2003-2005 (P > 0.05). This study in 1-18-year-old Swedish type 1 diabetes patients supports the notion that there is a temporal change in HLA risk.
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| 39. |
- Odin, Elisabeth, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Rapid method for relative gene expression determination in human tissues using automated capillary gel electrophoresis and multicolor detection
- 1999
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Ingår i: J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. - 1387-2273. ; 734:1, s. 47-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate a direct and automated post-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection system to simultaneously determine the relative gene expression levels of nine cancer-related human genes. Total RNA was prepared from flash-frozen biopsies derived from human colorectal tumors or normal mucosa and reverse-transcribed to cDNA which was PCR-amplified using primer pairs corresponding to the studied genes. In each reaction, the forward primer was labeled with a fluorescent dye. The PCR products were pooled and an internal size standard with a uniquely colored fluorescent dye was added. The samples were then subjected to automated capillary gel electrophoresis. Fragment analysis software was used to calculate the relative gene expression using beta-actin as the reference gene. We found that automated capillary gel electrophoresis with multicolor detection is a rapid, accurate and highly reproducible method for separation and quantification of PCR-amplified cDNA.
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| 40. |
- Olauson, Hannes, et al.
(författare)
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A novel missense mutation in GALNT3 causing hyperostosis-hyperphosphataemia syndrome
- 2008
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Ingår i: European Journal of Endocrinology. - Bristol : BioScientifica Ltd. - 0804-4643 .- 1479-683X. ; 158:6, s. 929-934
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Hyperostosis–hyperphosphataemia syndrome (HHS) is a rare hereditary disorder characterized by hyperphosphataemia, inappropriately normal or elevated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and localized painful cortical hyperostosis. HHS was shown to be caused by inactivating mutations in GALNT3, encoding UDP-N-acetyl-a-D-galactosamine: polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 3 (GalNAc-transferase; GALNT3). Herein,we sought to identify the genetic cause of hyperphosphataemia and tibial hyperostosis in a 19-year-old girl of Colombian origin. Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted and sequencing analysis of the GALNT3 and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) genes performed. Serum levels of intact and C-terminal FGF23 were measured using two different ELISA methods. Results: Mutational analysis identified a novel homozygous missense mutation in exon 6 of GALNT3 (1584 GOA), leading to an amino acid shift from Arg to His at residue 438 (R438H). The mutation was not found in over 200 control alleles or in any single nucleotide polymorphism databases. The R438 residue is highly conserved throughout species and in all known GalNAc-transferase family members. Modelling predicted the substitution deleterious for protein structure. Importantly, the phosphaturic factor FGF23 was differentially processed, as reflected by low intact (15 pg/ml) but high C-terminal (839 RU/ml) serum FGF23 levels. Conclusions: We report on the first missense mutation in GALNT3 giving rise to HHS, since previous GALNT3 mutations in HHS caused aberrant splicing or premature truncation of the protein. The R438H substitution likely abrogates GALNT3 activity, in turn causing enhanced FGF23 degradation and subsequent hyperostosis/hyperphosphataemia.
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| 41. |
- Olsson, Cecilia, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Adaption of the Quality From the Patient’s Perspective Instrument for Use in Assessing Gynecological Cancer Care and Patients’ Perceptions of Quality Care Received
- 2022
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Ingår i: Cancer Care Research Online. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 2691-3623. ; 2:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Research focusing on patients’ perceptions of the quality of gynecological cancer care is needed.Objective: To adapt the Quality from the Patient’s Perspective instrument for use in gynecological cancer care (QPP-GynCa) and describe patients’ perceptions of their quality of care in terms of the care received and the subjective importance of the aspects of care.Methods: A cross-sectional study 6–8 months after diagnosis was conducted, involving 1511 patients (response rate of 50.4%) included in the Swedish quality registry for gynecologic cancer.Results: The exploratory factor analysis (n = 1431) resulted in the QPP-GynCa with a 5-factor structure and an eigenvalue of ≥1, explaining 73.1% of the total scale variance. The final 27-item version of the QPP-GynCa consisted of 18 items with 8 additional single items and 1 global single item. The Cronbach’s alpha was acceptable for most factors (>.80). Subjective importance scores were higher than corresponding quality of care scores for care received (P ≤ .01)in all dimensions, factors, and items.Conclusions: The QPP-GynCa instrument reflects all 4 dimensions of the theoretical model of quality of care and achieved good validity as a reliable instrument in assessing the quality of gynecological cancer care.Implication for Practice: Information related to self-care, aspects of sexuality, and reducing patient waiting times need improvement.What Is Foundational: This study contributes to a better understanding of quality of gynecological cancer treatment and care. The validated QPP-GynCa instrument will be a platform for more research on how this group of patients experience their received care, as well as importance of each aspect of care.
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| 42. |
- Riise, Gerdt C., 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Bronchial inflammation in chronic bronchitis assessed by measurement of cell products in bronchial lavage fluid
- 1995
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Ingår i: Thorax. - 0040-6376. ; 50:4, s. 360-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND--Bronchial inflammation in chronic bronchitis has not been characterised as well as in asthma. The present study was undertaken to assess whether a characteristic pattern of bronchial inflammatory markers could be found in patients with chronic bronchitis. METHODS--Bronchoscopy with bronchial lavage was performed in 42 patients with chronic bronchitis and in 13 healthy controls. Twenty three of the patients had non-obstructive chronic bronchitis and 19 had chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Eighteen of the patients with bronchitis had recurrent infective exacerbations and 24 did not. Intrabronchial bacterial cultures were taken with a protected specimen brush. RESULTS--Increased activity of neutrophils, fibroblasts, and eosinophils was found in the patients with chronic bronchitis as assessed by the levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and interleukin-8 (IL-8), hyaluronan, and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), respectively. The levels of tryptase did not differ from the controls. High correlations were found between the levels of MPO and IL-8, as well as ECP and IL-8. No differences were found between the patients with COPD and those with non-obstructive chronic bronchitis. CONCLUSIONS--Recruitment and activation of both neutrophils and eosinophils seem to be a characteristic of chronic bronchitis. This activation is associated with IL-8. The patients with intrabronchial cultures of Streptococcus pneumoniae had the highest individual levels of MPO, ECP, and IL-8 of all subjects in the study, indicating that colonisation with S pneumoniae could promote bronchial inflammation.
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| 43. |
- Riise, Gerdt C., 1956, et al.
(författare)
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The intrabronchial microbial flora in chronic bronchitis patients: a target for N-acetylcysteine therapy?
- 1994
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Ingår i: Eur Respir J. - 0903-1936. ; 7:1, s. 94-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic bronchitis is common among smokers, often together with recurrent infectious exacerbations. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae are the pathogens traditionally considered most important. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment has been shown to reduce the number of infectious exacerbations in patients with chronic bronchitis. The mechanism behind this is unknown. We attempted to characterize the intrabronchial bacterial flora in patients with chronic bronchitis in an infection-free interval, and to determine whether pharmacological and immunological factors effected the bacterial occurrence. Twenty two smokers with non-obstructive chronic bronchitis, 19 smokers with chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 14 healthy nonsmokers underwent bronchoscopy. To obtain uncontaminated intrabronchial samples, a protected specimen brush was used. Quantitative bacterial cultures and virus isolations were performed. Significantly positive bacterial cultures (> 1,000 colony-forming units (cfu).ml-1) were found only in the patients. S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae were found in five patients, and only in the patients without NAC treatment. The most common bacterium was alpha-haemolytic streptococcus. Negative cultures were more common in the healthy controls. Of the various factors examined, only NAC medication had an influence on bacterial numbers. Significantly fewer patients with NAC medication had positive cultures (3 out of 16) than in the group of patients without NAC therapy (15 out of 21). Our results confirm that chronic bronchitis in smokers leads to increased intrabronchial bacterial colonization. We could also confirm that 1,000 cfu.ml-1 is an adequate cut-off level for significant bacterial growth when using the protected specimen brush. NAC medication was associated with low bacterial numbers.
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| 44. |
- Rundquist, Jonas, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Construction Innovation : Addressing the Project–Product Gap in the Swedish Construction Sector
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Innovation Science. - Brentwood : Multi-Science Publishing. - 1757-2223 .- 1757-2231. ; 5:1, s. 1-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The construction sector is often accused of being inefficient, conservative and noninnovative, although some commentators have suggested that the construction sector is not backward, it is merely different to other industries. One of these differences is the uniqueness of construction projects, which are determined by the characteristics of the site, interaction of project participants (also partly site specific) and the relationship between contractors and building product producers (which changes from one project to another). These factors are known to colour construction innovation. Previous research into the Swedish construction sector has identified a significant gap between the building product producers who are 'product focused' and the contractors who are 'project focused', with concerns expressed about effectiveness of communication between two. The findings of previous research imply, both implicitly and explicitly, that this gap may be hindering innovation within the construction sector. This appears to have implications for those concerned with construction, the building users and society as a whole. In this paper the authors provide an extensive review of the literature and research findings from which a number of unique insights are offered. The reasons for the gap between producers and contractors are discussed and a number of innovative measures are proposed that may help to bridge the gap, and hence improve innovation systems. The paper concludes with some practical findings for producers and contractors as well as some thoughts on where future research should be targeted.
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| 45. |
- Räty, Lena, 1948-, et al.
(författare)
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Epilepsy patients' Conceptions of Epilepsy as a Phenomenon
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Neuroscience Nursing. - Philadelphia, USA : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0888-0395 .- 1945-2810. ; 41:4, s. 201-210
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study addressed epilepsy patients' conceptions of epilepsy as a phenomenon and emotions related to those conceptions. Nineteen outpatients were interviewed, and data were analyzed according to the phenomenographical methodology. Patients described epilepsy in six qualitatively different ways: Epilepsy is (a) an illness related to physical disturbances, (b) a condition related to physical disturbances, (c) a mental disturbance related to lack of mental capacity, (d) a handicap related to psychological and/or social aspects, (e) an identity related to being an epileptic, and (f) a punishment. The emotions confidence, happiness, hope, and annoyance were related to epilepsy as an illness or a condition, whereas shame, fear, sorrow, and guilt were related to the other four categories. This study indicated that, to patients, the phenomenon of epilepsy is above all a psychosocial nature and in that dimension closely related to negative emotions.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Wester, Axel, et al.
(författare)
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An Increased Diagnostic Sensitivity of Truncated GAD65 Autoantibodies in Type 1 Diabetes May Be Related to HLA-DQ8
- 2017
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Ingår i: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 1939-327X .- 0012-1797. ; 66:3, s. 735-740
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- N-terminally truncated (96-585) GAD65 (tGAD65) autoantibodies may better delineate type 1 diabetes than full-length GAD65 (fGAD65) autoantibodies. We aimed to compare the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity between fGAD65 and tGAD65 autoantibodies for type 1 diabetes in relation to HLA-DQ. Sera from children and adolescents with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes (n = 654) and healthy control subjects (n = 605) were analyzed in radiobinding assays for fGAD65 (fGADA), tGAD65 (tGADA), and commercial (125)I-GAD65 (RSRGADA) autoantibodies. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in the receiver operating characteristic curve did not differ between fGADA and tGADA. At the optimal cutoff, the diagnostic sensitivity for fGADA was lower than tGADA at similar diagnostic specificities. In 619 patients, 64% were positive for RSRGADA compared with 68% for fGADA and 74% for tGADA. Using non-DQ2/non-DQ8 patients as reference, the risk of being diagnosed with fGADA and tGADA was increased in patients with DQ2/2 and DQ2/8. Notably, logistic regression analysis suggested that DQ8/8 patients had an increased risk to be diagnosed with tGADA (P = 0.003) compared with fGADA (P = 0.09). tGADA had a higher diagnostic sensitivity for type 1 diabetes than both fGADA and RSRGADA. As DQ8/8 patients represent 10-11% of patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes <18 years of age, tGADA analysis should prove useful for disease classification.
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| 49. |
- Wilde-Larsson, Bodil, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Birthgiving women's feelings and perceptions of quality of intrapartal care : a nationwide Swedish cross-sectional study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 20:7-8, s. 1168-1177
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim. The aim was to explore the relationships between the feelings of women who give birth and several birth-related care conditions, the womens' socio-demographic background, personality and perceptions of the quality of intrapartum care. Background. Childbirth is a highly significant emotional event for women and it is an explicit goal that each woman should have a positive childbirth experience. Design. The nationwide study is cross-sectional and was conducted at Swedish maternity units over two months in 2007. Methods. The study group consisted of 739 women (63% response rate). A dimensionality analysis of six emotion items was performed using structural equation modelling (SEM). Non-parametric tests and generalised linear mixed effects model analyses were used to study relationships and to make subgroup comparisons. Results. In the SEM analysis, a positive and a negative feeling factor were identified. Strong associations between the feeling factors and the womens' perceptions of the quality of care were found, particularly in regard to the so-called identity-oriented approach of the midwives and other health professionals. In addition, a higher intensity of negative feelings was associated with a personality pattern characterised by extraversion, emotional instability and lower degree of conscientiousness, a lower level of education and having had delivery through Caesarean section. Conclusions. The positive and negative feelings of women who give birth strongly covary with the women's perception of the quality of their intrapartum care. This pertains in particular to information issues, the midwives showing commitment, empathy and respect, being present during labour and allowing the women to actively participate as much as they want to. Relevance to clinical practice. Subgroup differences indicate that midwives should pay increased attention to childbearing women who have primary school education only, a lower emotional stability and/or deliver through Caesarean section.
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| 50. |
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