| 1. |
- Dragioti, Elena, et al.
(författare)
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Longitudinal Associations between Anatomical Regions of Pain and Work Conditions: A Study from The SwePain Cohort
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 16:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated the time-based associations between workload (physical and mechanical), psychosocial work stressors (demands, control, and support), and the number of anatomical regions with pain (ARP). This population-based study with a two-year follow-up included 11,386 responders (5125 men, 6261 women; mean age: 48.8 years; SD: 18.5) living in south-eastern Sweden. Predictive associations were assessed through generalised linear models, and changes over time were examined using a generalised estimating equation. The results of both models were reported as parameter estimates (B) with 95% confidence interval (CIs). Mean changes in the number of ARP, workload, and psychosocial work stressors were stable over time. High mechanical workload and job demands were likely associated with the number of ARP at the two-year follow-up. In the reverse prospective model, we found that the number of ARP was also associated with high physical and mechanical workload and low job control and support. In the two time-based models of changes, we found a reciprocal association between number of ARP and mechanical workload. Our results add epidemiological evidence to the associations between work conditions and the extent of pain on the body. Components of work conditions, including job demands and mechanical strain, must be considered when organisations and health policy makers plan and employ ergonomic evaluations to minimise workplace hazards in the general population.
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| 2. |
- Gerdle, Björn, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Muscle
- 2018
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Ingår i: Fibromyalgia syndrome and widespread pain. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 9781975102852 ; , s. 215-231
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Grundström, Hanna, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Pain catastrophizing is associated with pain thresholds for heat, cold and pressure in women with chronic pelvic pain
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Pain. - : WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH. - 1877-8860 .- 1877-8879. ; 20:3, s. 635-646
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aims: Psychological traits such as pain catastrophizing may play a role in the development of chronic pelvic pain (CPP). Pain catastrophizing is the tendency to amplify negative cognitive and emotional pain processes. The Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) assesses elements of pain catastrophizing divided into three subgroups of factors (rumination, helplessness and magnification). Previous studies have shown associations between CPP and increased pain sensitivity, widespread generalized hyperalgesia, and decreased pain thresholds, but the relation between pain catastrophizing and specific pain thresholds has not yet been widely examined in this patient group. The aims of this study were (a) to determine if catastrophizing is increased in women with CPP compared with pain-free women, (b) to assess the importance of pain catastrophizing, psychological distress variables, and subjective pain sensitivity for pain thresholds of heat, cold and pressure in these two groups, and (c) to determine whether psychological variables or pain thresholds best contribute to the differentiation between CPP and controls. Methods: Thirty-seven women with chronic pelvic pain who underwent diagnostic laparoscopy on the suspicion of endometriosis participated along with 55 healthy and pain-free controls. All underwent quantitative sensory testing on six locations on the body to determine heat (HPT), cold (CPT) and pressure (PPT) pain thresholds. The PCS, the Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire (PSQ), the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, (HAUS) demographics and clinical data were collected prospectively. Principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least square regressions were used to assess the associations between PCS scores and pain thresholds. Results: The women with CPP scored significantly higher on PCS than the healthy controls. PCS-helplessness, PCS-rumination and HADS-depression were significantly associated with pain thresholds for the whole group. In the CPP group, PCS-rumination, body mass index and PSQ were significant regressors for HPT and CPT. The PCS and the HADS subscales were strongly intercorrelated in women with CPP and were stronger regressors of group membership than the three pain thresholds. In the group of healthy control women, no relationships were found to be significant. The psychological variables were somewhat stronger significant regressors than pain thresholds (also significant) for group membership. Conclusions: Women with CPP have significantly higher pain catastrophizing scores than women without CPP. The pain catastrophizing rumination factor is significantly associated with pain thresholds of heat and cold in CPP women. PCS and HADS are strongly intercorrelated and PSQ correlates positively with these variables. It seems that the psychological variables are important for group differentiation.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Karlsson, Linn, 1974-
(författare)
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Chronic Pain and Exercise : Studies on pain intensity, biochemistry, adherence and attitudes
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Chronic pain is common in western countries and entails considerable consequences for the afflicted individuals as well as for the society. Furthermore, chronic pain is complex including an advanced interplay between biological-, psychological- and social aspects. Treatment of chronic pain attempts to decrease pain intensity and increase physical-, psychological- and social functioning. However, the treatment of chronic pain is still not optimized. Different types of physical activity and exercise (PA&E) are commonly applied as non-pharmacological treatment strategies for chronic pain, but the most efficient type and dose of PA&E are unclear. In addition, adherence to prescribed PA&E is often troublesome, which further complicates the application of PA&E as treatment for chronic pain.The aim of this thesis is to increase the knowledge about PA&E as treatment for chronic pain regarding pain intensity, biochemical substances, adherence and attitudes.The findings of this thesis were that a long-term, home-based PA&E intervention comprising strength exercises as well as stretch exercises decreased pain intensity and increased function in women with chronic neck- and shoulder pain. Using microdialysis technique, differences in pain modulatory biochemical substances were found, before the intervention, in painful trapezius muscle compared to pain-free trapezius muscle. In addition, alterations in pain modulatory substances in painful trapezius muscle after the intervention were found, which possibly could imply peripheral physiological effects of PA&E. Furthermore, psychological factors could be associated to the effects of and adherence to the PA&E intervention. An intention to be physically active were expressed by patients with chronic pain, but a discordance between the intention and PA&E-behaviour were evident, even though the PA&E were experienced as valuable.In conclusion, this thesis strengthens the importance of PA&E as treatment for chronic pain. Especially, this thesis increases the knowledge about; possible peripheral pain inhibitory effects after long-term exercise; how psychological factors might affect the results of PA&E; and also about important behavioural aspects that might affect adherence to prescribed PA&E. This thesis highlights the need of more research on physiological pain inhibitory effects of long-term PA&E in chronic pain. Furthermore, improved methods for ensured adherence to prescribed PA&E are necessary in order to optimize the effect of PA&E as treatment for chronic pain.
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| 6. |
- Larsson, Britt, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Predictors of chronic pain intensity, spread and sensitivity in the general population: A two-year follow-up study from the swepain cohort
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - Uppsala, Sweden : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 51:3, s. 183-192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2019 Foundation of Rehabilitation Information. Objective: To determine whether the intensity, spread and sensitivity of chronic pain can be predicted using demographic features, socioeconomic conditions and comorbidities. Design: A longitudinal study design was employed. Data was collected at baseline and at 2-year followup. Setting: General population in south-eastern Sweden. Subjects: A representative stratified random sample of 34,000 individuals, between 18 and 85 years of age, selected from a sampling frame of 404,661 individuals based on the Swedish Total Population Register. Methods: Eligible individuals were sent postal surveys in 2013 and 2015. The 2 surveys included the same questions about basic demographic data, comorbidities, and chronic pain intensity, spread and sensitivity. Results: Several socio-demographic features and comorbidities at baseline were significant predictors of characteristics of pain (intensity, spread and sensitivity) at the 2-year follow-up. When characteristics of pain at baseline were included in the regression analyses they were relatively strong significant predictors of characteristics of pain after 2 years. After this adjustment there were fewer socio-demographic and comorbidity predictors; the effect estimates for those significant predictors had decreased. Conclusion: Clinical assessment should focus on several characteristics of pain and include a broad medical screening to capture the overall burden of pain in adults from a longitudinal perspective.
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| 7. |
- Larsson, Britt, et al.
(författare)
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The prevalences of cytochrome c oxidase negative and superpositive fibres and ragged-red fibres in the trapezius muscle of female cleaners with and without myalgia and of female healthy controls
- 2000
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Ingår i: Pain. - 1872-6623 .- 0304-3959. ; 84:2-3, s. 379-387
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The association of cytochrome c oxidase negative fibres (COX-negative) and ragged-red fibres (RR-fibres) with work related trapezius myalgia has been proposed. Hitherto studies have been small or without control groups. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalences of RR-fibres and COX-negative fibres in female cleaners with (n=25) and without (n=23) trapezius myalgia and in clinically healthy female teachers (n=21). The cleaners did mainly floor cleaning requiring monotonous loading on the trapezius muscle. A questionnaire covering background data and aspects of pain (prevalence, duration, intensity and influence on daily living) was answered. Biopsies were obtained from the trapezius muscle by an open surgical technique. The three groups did not differ in prevalence of COX-negative or COX-superpositive (i.e. type-I fibres with extremely strong brownish reaction in both the COX and SDH/COX stainings) fibres. The prevalence of COX-negative fibres was age dependent. Two subgroups of RR-fibres were present when stained for COX; COX-negative (73%) and COX-superpositive (26%) fibres. Forty-two percent of the COX-negative fibres were RR-fibres and 79% of the COX-superpositive were RR-fibres. A significantly (P=0.002) higher proportion of the COX-superpositive fibres in the cleaners were RR-fibres compared to the teachers. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that age, occupation as cleaner and a tender point in the trapezius were significantly associated with increased prevalences of RR-fibres; a cleaner with a tender point had a 4.35 higher prevalence of RR-fibres compared to a teacher without a tender point. No correlations between other pain related variables and prevalence of RR-fibres were noted. In conclusion, RR-fibres but not COX-negative or COX-superpositive fibres were correlated with cleaning work tasks and with a tender point in the trapezius.
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| 8. |
- Peterson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Using education and support strategies to improve the way nurses assess regular and transient pain : A quality improvement study of three hospitals
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Pain. - : Elsevier. - 1877-8860 .- 1877-8879. ; 16:1, s. 15-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aimsSystematic and regular pain assessment has been shown to improve pain management. Well-functioning pain assessments require using strategies informed by well-established theory. This study evaluates documented pain assessments reported in medical records and by patients, including reassessment using a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) after patients receive rescue medication.MethodsDocumentation surveys (DS) and patient surveys (PS) were performed at baseline (BL), after six months, and after 12 months in 44 in-patient wards at the three hospitals in Östergötland County, Sweden. Nurses and nurse assistants received training on pain assessment and support. The Knowledge to Action Framework guided the implementation of new routines.ResultsAccording to DS pain assessment using NRS, pain assessment increased significantly: from 7% at baseline to 36% at 12 months (p < 0.001). For PS, corresponding numbers were 33% and 50% (p < 0.001). According to the PS, the proportion of patients who received rescue medication and who had been reassessed increased from 73% to 86% (p = 0.003). The use of NRS to document pain assessment after patients received rescue medication increased significantly (4% vs. 17%; p < 0.001).ConclusionsAfter implementing education and support strategies, systematic pain assessment increased, an encouraging finding considering the complex contexts of in-patient facilities. However, the achieved assessment levels and especially reassessments related to rescue medication were clinically unsatisfactory. Future studies should include nursing staff and physicians and increase interactivity such as providing online education support. A discrepancy between documented and reported reassessment in association with given rescue medication might indicate that nurses need better ways to provide pain relief.ImplicationsThe fairly low level of patient-reported pain via NRS and documented use of NRS before and 12 months after the educational programme stresses the need for education on pain management in nursing education. Implementations differing from traditional educational attempts such as interactive implementations might complement educational programmes given at the work place. Standardized routines for pain management that include the possibility for nurses to deliver pain medication within well-defined margins might improve pain management and increase the use of pain assessments. Further research is needed that examines the large discrepancy between patient-reported pain management and documentation in the medical recording system of transient pain.
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| 9. |
- Ringqvist, Asa, et al.
(författare)
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Moderate and Stable Pain Reductions as a Result of Interdisciplinary Pain Rehabilitation : A Cohort Study from the Swedish Quality Registry for Pain Rehabilitation (SQRP)
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Medicine. - : MDPI. - 2077-0383. ; 8:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Few studies have investigated the real-life outcomes of interdisciplinary multimodal pain rehabilitation programs (IMMRP) for chronic pain. This study has four aims: investigate effect sizes (ES); analyse correlation patterns of outcome changes; define a multivariate outcome measure; and investigate whether the clinical self-reported presentation pre-IMMRP predicts the multivariate outcome. To this end, this study analysed chronic pain patients in specialist care included in the Swedish Quality Registry for Pain Rehabilitation for 22 outcomes (pain, psychological distress, participation, and health) on three occasions: pre-IMMRP, post-IMMRP, and 12-month follow-up. Moderate stable ES were demonstrated for pain intensity, interference in daily life, vitality, and health; most other outcomes showed small ES. Using a Multivariate Improvement Score (MIS), we identified three clusters. Cluster 1 had marked positive MIS and was associated with the overall worst situation pre-IMMRP. However, the pre-IMMRP situation could only predict 8% of the variation in MIS. Specialist care IMPRPs showed moderate ES for pain, interference, vitality, and health. Outcomes were best for patients with the worst clinical presentation pre-IMMRP. It was not possible to predict who would clinically benefit most from IMMRP.
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| 10. |
- Rosendal, L., et al.
(författare)
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Increased levels of interstitial potassium but normal levels of muscle IL-6 and LDH in patients with trapezius myalgia
- 2005
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Ingår i: Pain. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0304-3959 .- 1872-6623. ; 119:03-jan, s. 201-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mechanisms behind the development of work-related trapezius pain are suggested to involve both peripheral and central components, but the specific contribution of alterations in muscle nociceptive and other substances is not clear. Female patients with chronic trapezius myalgia (N = 19; TM) and female controls (N = 20; CON) were studied at rest, during 20 min repetitive low-force exercise and recovery, and had their interstitial concentrations of potassium (K+), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and collagen turnover determined in the trapezius muscle by the microdialysis technique. K+ levels were at all time points higher in TM than in CON (P < 0.0001). Baseline levels of LDH and IL-6 were similar in both groups. In response to exercise pain intensity, rated perceived exertion, and the concentrations of K+, LDH and IL-6 increased significantly in both groups. [K+] immediately decreased to baseline levels in CON but remained elevated during the first 20 min of recovery in TM (P < 0.01) whereafter it returned to baseline level. In all subjects taken together mean [K+] correlated negatively with pressure pain threshold of trapezius (P < 0.001), positively with mean pain intensity VAS (P < 0.001) and mean perceived exertion (P < 0.001). Rises in muscle LDH and IL-6 as well as the anabolic ratio for collagen type I was not significantly different between groups. In conclusion, patients with chronic pain in the trapezius muscle had increased levels of interstitial potassium. This finding could be causally related to myalgia or secondary to pain due to deconditioned muscle or altered muscle activity pattern.
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| 11. |
- Söderlund Schaller, Anne, 1967-
(författare)
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Impact of Pain and Evaluation of Education and Self-Care in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- It is not unusual for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) to suffer from both tumor and treatment-related pain that is difficult to alleviate despite individualized pharmacological treatment.The presence of concomitant various dimensions of pain in patients during the often difficult period following radiotherapy (RT) has not been elucidated. Several aspects concerning the importance of relatives for HNC patients have been addressed. However, little attention has been given to how relatives perceive patients with HNC pain and it is important to further elucidate this sparsely studied topic. Knowledge about health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) in this patient group during early RT is limited and needs to be assessed in relation to diagnosis and treatment. Self-care (SC) refers to what patients do on their own to achieve, maintain, and promote optimal health and may help reduce pain for several pain conditions. The impact of patient education and SC on pain and other common HNC symptoms need further clarification.The aims of this thesis were:to describe experiences and perceptions of pain in patients with HNC shortly after RTto describe how relatives perceived the patient’s situation, especially concerning pain, and how they experienced their own situationto identify factors that impact HR-QoL during early RTto develop effective pain management strategies, maintain activities of daily living, and promote HR-QoL in patients with HNC undergoing RT using patient education and SC instruction.In paper I patients with HNC described existential pain – expressed as fear of death, meaninglessness and guilt – already during and shortly after RT. Physical pain, psychological distress and social withdrawal played a significant role. Patients with HNC who were treated with RT should also proactively be offered treatment for the various dimensions of pain.In paper II relatives described their mental stress in response to a challenging situation that required their active support to help ease the patient's difficult condition. The interviews with relatives also revealed a lack of personal knowledge and frustration over the inability to participate in patient care, as well as inadequate support from the healthcare system. Early interventions from the healthcare system on behalf of the relatives may be necessary to meet these needs.In Paper III regression models revealed that pain intensity and symptoms of depression adversely affected HR-QoL in patients with HNC during early RT. Customized prehabilitation programs aimed at preventing pain and symptoms of depression could help preserve good HR-QoL.Paper IV assessed individual patient education and SC initiatives that resulted in a tendency for lower pain intensity during a portion of RT. One way to potentially enhance the benefits of education and SC could be to improve for example patient motivation and self-efficacy, as well as to optimize supportive efforts from caregivers.In conclusion, by identifying factors that can impact HR-QoL and evaluating the effect of patient education and SC, this thesis contributes to knowledge on perceived pain and the patient’s situation during and shortly after RT in patients with HNC and their relatives. This thesis points to the need for evaluation and further development of patient education and effective SC strategies for pain in patients with HNC undergoing RT, as well as for development and evaluation of support strategies for patients with pain and their families during and after RT.
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| 12. |
- Adman, Per, et al.
(författare)
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171 forskare: ”Vi vuxna bör också klimatprotestera”
- 2019
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Ingår i: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - Stockholm. - 1101-2447.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- DN DEBATT 26/9. Vuxna bör följa uppmaningen från ungdomarna i Fridays for future-rörelsen och protestera eftersom det politiska ledarskapet är otillräckligt. Omfattande och långvariga påtryckningar från hela samhället behövs för att få de politiskt ansvariga att utöva det ledarskap som klimatkrisen kräver, skriver 171 forskare i samhällsvetenskap och humaniora.
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| 13. |
- Einarsson, Snorri, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Weight reduction intervention for obese infertile women prior to IVF: a randomized controlled trial.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Human reproduction (Oxford, England). - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0268-1161 .- 1460-2350. ; 32:8, s. 1621-1630
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Does an intensive weight reduction programme prior to IVF increase live birth rates for infertile obese women?An intensive weight reduction programme resulted in a large weight loss but did not substantially affect live birth rates in obese women scheduled for IVF.Among obese women, fertility and obstetric outcomes are influenced negatively with increased risk of miscarriage and a higher risk of maternal and neonatal complications. A recent large randomized controlled trial found no effect of lifestyle intervention on live birth in infertile obese women.A prospective, multicentre, randomized controlled trial was performed between 2010 and 2016 in the Nordic countries. In total, 962 women were assessed for eligibility and 317 women were randomized. Computerized randomization with concealed allocation was performed in the proportions 1:1 to one of two groups: weight reduction intervention followed by IVF-treatment or IVF-treatment only. One cycle per patient was included.Nine infertility clinics in Sweden, Denmark and Iceland participated. Women under 38 years of age planning IVF, and having a BMI ≥30 and <35 kg/m2 were randomized to two groups: an intervention group (160 patients) with weight reduction before IVF, starting with 12 weeks of a low calorie liquid formula diet (LCD) of 880 kcal/day and thereafter weight stabilization for 2-5 weeks, or a control group (157 patients) with IVF only.In the full analysis set (FAS), the live birth rate was 29.6% (45/152) in the weight reduction and IVF group and 27.5% (42/153) in the IVF only group. The difference was not statistically significant (difference 2.2%, 95% CI: 12.9 to -8.6, P = 0.77). The mean weight change was -9.44 (6.57) kg in the weight reduction and IVF group as compared to +1.19 (1.95) kg in the IVF only group, being highly significant (P < 0.0001). Significantly more live births were achieved through spontaneous pregnancies in the weight reduction and IVF group, 10.5% (16) as compared to the IVF only group 2.6% (4) (P = 0.009). Miscarriage rates and gonadotropin dose used for IVF stimulation did not differ between groups. Two subgroup analyses were performed. The first compared women with PCOS in the two randomized groups, and the second compared women in the weight reduction group reaching BMI ≤ 25 kg/m2 or reaching a weight loss of at least five BMI units to the IVF only group. No statistical differences in live birth rates between the groups in either subgroup analysis were found.The study was not powered to detect a small increase in live births due to weight reduction and was not blinded for the patients or physician. Further, the intervention group had a longer time to achieve a spontaneous pregnancy, but were therefore slightly older than the control group at IVF. The study only included women with a BMI lower than 35 kg/m2.The study suggests that weight loss for obese women (BMI: 30-34.9 kg/m2) may not rectify the outcome in IVF cycles, although a significant higher number of spontaneous conceptions occurred in the weight loss group. Also, the study suggests that intensive weight reduction with LCD treatment does not negatively affects the results.The study was funded by Sahlgrenska University Hospital (ALFGBG-70 940), Merck AB, Solna, Sweden (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Impolin AB, Hjalmar Svensson Foundation and Jane and Dan Olsson Foundation. Dr Thurin-Kjellberg reports grants from Merck, non-financial support from Impolin AB, during the conduct of the study, and personal fees from Merck outside the submitted work. Dr Friberg reports personal fees from Ferring, Merck, MSD, Finox and personal fees from Studentlitteratur, outside the submitted work. Dr Englund reports personal fees from Ferring, and non-financial support from Merck, outside the submitted work. Dr Bergh reports and has been reimbursed for: writing a newsletter twice a year (Ferring), lectures (Ferring, MSD, Merck), and Nordic working group meetings (Finox). Dr Karlström reports lectures (Ferring, Finox, Merck, MSD) and Nordic working group meetings (Ferring). Ms Kluge, Dr Einarsson, Dr Pinborg, Dr Klajnbard, Dr Stenlöf, Dr Larsson, Dr Loft and Dr Wistrand have nothing to disclose.ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01566929.23-03-2012.05-10-2010.
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| 14. |
- Ekerljung, Linda, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Has the increase in the prevalence of asthma and respiratory symptoms reached a plateau in Stockholm, Sweden?
- 2010
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. - 1027-3719 .- 1815-7920. ; 14:6, s. 764-771
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- SETTING: An increase in the prevalence of asthma has previously been reported worldwide. However, the current trend is debatable. OBJECTIVE: To assess changes in the prevalence of asthma and respiratory symptoms in a defined study area in Stockholm, Sweden, using identical methods. DESIGN: A questionnaire was sent by mail in 1996 and 2007 to randomly selected subjects aged 20-69 years. On both occasions, 8000 subjects received the questionnaire, with response rates of 72% and 68%, respectively. Questions on asthma, respiratory symptoms, asthma medication and possible determinants were included. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess determinants. RESULTS: Ever asthma increased from 8.7% in 1996 to 11.0% in 2007 and physician-diagnosed asthma from 7.6% to 9.3%. The proportion of asthma patients reporting one to two symptoms increased by 14% during the study period. There were few significant changes in the prevalence of respiratory symptoms: wheeze in the previous 12 months (15.9-17.3%), wheezing with breathlessness apart from cold (3.2-4.1%) and recurrent wheeze (8.3-6.8%). There was no major difference in the risk factor pattern between the surveys. CONCLUSION: An increase in the prevalence of asthma with few symptoms as well as an unchanged prevalence of symptoms was demonstrated, which may indicate a change in diagnostic practices.
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| 15. |
- Ekerljung, Linda, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence and prevalence of adult asthma is associated with low socio-economic status
- 2010
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Ingår i: The Clinical Respiratory Journal. - 1752-6981 .- 1752-699X. ; 4:3, s. 147-56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Low socio-economic status is often related to health problems; however, previous studies on asthma, usually cross-sectional, yield inconsistent results. In this study, longitudinal and cross-sectional data on the association between socio-economic status and asthma as well as respiratory symptoms among adults are presented. Methods: A postal questionnaire was sent on two occasions, 1996 and 2006, to a randomly selected sample of subjects aged 20–69 years in 1996. In total, 4479 subjects participated in both surveys. The questionnaire included questions on asthma, respiratory symptoms and possible determinants. Logistic regression analysis, adjusted for potential confounders, was used to study the association between asthma, respiratory symptoms and socio-economic status. Results: Manual workers in service had the highest prevalence and cumulative incidence for all investigated symptoms and asthma. Despite a large decrease in smokers, the increase in incident bronchitic symptoms was higher than the increase of incident asthma and incident asthmatic symptoms. Low socio-economic status, rhinitis and a family history of asthma were risk factors for having and developing asthma and respiratory symptoms. Conclusion: Low socio-economic status is significantly associated with an increased risk for prevalent and incident asthma and respiratory symptoms in this longitudinal population-based survey. The increase in risk was most pronounced in manual workers. Several studies have recently shown an association between low socio-economic status and respiratory symptoms and we conclude that asthma can not be considered as a disease that mainly affects the middle and upper socio-economic classes.
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| 16. |
- Hansson, Anders, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Flawed communications: Health professionals' experience of collaboration in the care of frail elderly patients
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 46:7, s. 680-689
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Frail elderly patients who have multiple illnesses do not fare well in modern health care systems, mainly due to a lack of care planning and flawed communication between health professionals in different care organisations. This is especially noticeable when patients are discharged from hospital. The aim of this study was to explore health care professionals' experience of obstacles and opportunities for collaboration. Methods: Health professionals were invited to participate in three focus groups, each consisting of a hospital physician, a primary care physician, a hospital nurse, a primary care nurse, a municipal home care nurse or an assistant officer, a physical or occupational therapist and a patient or a family member representative. These individual people were then asked to discuss the obstacles and opportunities for communication between themselves and with the patients and their relatives when presented with the case report of a fictitious patient. Content analysis was used to identify categories. Results: Several obstacles were identified for effective communication and care planning: insufficient communication with patients and relatives; delayed collaboration between care-givers; the lack of an adequate responsible person for care planning; and resources not being distributed according to the actual needs of patients. The absence of an overarching responsibility for the patient, beyond organisational borders, was a recurring theme. These obstacles could also be seen as opportunities. Conclusions: Obstacles for collaboration were found on three levels: societal, organisational and individual. As health care professionals are well aware of the problems and also see solutions, management for health care should support employees' own initiatives for changes that are of benefit in the care of frail elderly patients with multiple illnesses.
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| 17. |
- Jöud, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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The association between pain characteristics, pain catastrophizing and health care use – Baseline results from the SWEPAIN cohort
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Pain. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 1877-8860 .- 1877-8879. ; 16, s. 122-128
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aim Pain is common and adds to the global burden of disease. However, individuals suffering from pain are a heterogeneous group in terms of pain spreading, intensity and duration. While pain influences overall health care consultation not everyone with pain consult health care. To be able to provide health care matching the patients’ needs increased knowledge about what factors determines the decision to consult health care is essential. The aim of this study was to explore the combined importance of pain spreading, intensity, duration and pain catastrophizing for consulting health care. Methods In this cross-sectional study we used population based survey data from southeast Sweden (SWEPAIN) including 7792 individuals’ aged 16–85 reporting pain. We used Modified Poisson regressions to analyse factors of importance related to the decision to consult health care. Results High and moderate pain intensity, as compared to low, increases the probability of consulting health care (High PR = 1.7 [95% CI 1.51–1.88], moderate PR = 1.2 [1.15–1.41]). Having widespread pain, as compared to localised pain, increased the probability of consulting health (PR = 1.2 [1.03–1.36). Pain duration was not associated with increased probability of consulting health care (PR = 1.0 CI0.88–1.07). However an interaction (p = 0.05) between pain duration and pain catastrophizing beliefs was seen indicating a combined importance of the two when consulting health care. Conclusion Our result suggests that pain intensity, pain spreading and pain catastrophizing independently influence the decision to consult health care while there is an interaction effect between pain duration and pain catastrophizing beliefs where the importance of pain catastrophizing believes differ with pain duration; the importance of pain catastrophizing believes differ with pain duration. Implications Treatment and rehabilitation strategies should incorporate this finding in order to meet the individual's needs focusing on the biopsychosocial model within health care focusing not only on actual pain reliefs but also on for example acceptance and behavioural changes.
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| 18. |
- Karlsson, Mikael, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Characterisation of silicon, zirconium and aluminium coated titanium dioxide pigments recovered from paint waste
- 2019
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Ingår i: Dyes and Pigments. - : Elsevier BV. - 0143-7208 .- 1873-3743. ; 162, s. 145-152
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2018 Elsevier Ltd Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is the major white pigment used by the paint industry. However, the production of TiO2is associated with a high carbon footprint. An alternative source of pigment could be created by developing a method to recover it from waste paint. In this paper two rutile pigments with different surface treatments were recovered from paint by a thermal recycling process. The pigments were analysed using powder x-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), surface area measurements (BET), laser diffraction for particle size analysis and zeta potential measurements before and after the recycling process. It was concluded that the rutile cores of both pigments were intact and there were no major changes in particle size distribution or surface charge for either pigment induced by the recycling process. However, XPS and zeta potential measurements showed that the surface coating of the pigments can be more or less degraded depending on the chemical nature, which might imply the need for further re-coating after-treatment. Another option would be to find another application for the pigment where the quality and function of the coating is of less importance.
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| 19. |
- Karlsson, Mikael, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of paint formulated using secondary TiO2 pigments recovered from waste paint
- 2019
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Ingår i: JCT Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1547-0091 .- 2168-8028 .- 1935-3804. ; 16:2, s. 607-614
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paint industry is continuously striving to reduce its environmental impact, especially when it comes to the major virgin white pigment, titanium dioxide (TiO2). In this work, recycled TiO2 pigment was used in a paint formulation as a replacement for pigment made from virgin raw materials. The paint was evaluated based on pH, Stormer and ICI viscosities, gloss, hiding power, and color characteristics. The paint films were also characterized by LVSEM–EDS, AFM, and profilometry. The most significant difference between a paint based on recycled pigments and a paint based on virgin pigments was the agglomeration of pigment particles which gave a reduction in gloss and a rougher surface of the dried paint film based on recycled pigment, and it could be concluded that the recycled pigment could not be used without accepting a small decrease in paint quality. This points toward two main directions: (1) the use of recycled pigment in applications with less demand on surface finish and gloss, such as ceiling paints, and (2) that further work on formulation should be carried out with the recycled pigment as for any other new pigment introduced in a paint formulation to optimize its performance. © 2018, The Author(s).
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| 20. |
- Karlsson, Mikael, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Surface properties of recycled titanium oxide recovered from paint waste
- 2018
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Ingår i: Progress in organic coatings. - : Elsevier BV. - 0300-9440 .- 1873-331X. ; 125, s. 279-286
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aluminium oxide coated rutile pigment was extracted from a paint matrix by means of a thermal recycling process. The objective was to investigate the effect of the recycling process on the surface properties of the pigment. The pigment was analysed using powder x-ray diffraction (XRD), surface area measurements (BET), laser diffraction for particle size analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) before and after the recycling process. Investigations on the zeta potential and the surface charge were performed as well. It was concluded that the rutile crystalline core and the aluminium oxide coating of the pigment were still intact after the recycling process. The particle size distribution of the recycled pigment was slightly broader compared to the virgin pigment. The measured magnitude in zeta potential of the recycled pigment was lower than for the virgin pigment. This difference is thought to be caused by alteration in the surface hydroxyl concentration. Surface charge titrations showed differences between the virgin and the recycled pigment at alkaline pH and at low salt concentrations.
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| 21. |
- Larsson, Britt, 1953-
(författare)
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Arbetsrelaterade senfäste-nerv- och muskelsmärtor
- 2006. - 1
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Ingår i: Rehabiliteringsmedicin. - Lund : Studenlitteratur. - 9144045077 - 9789144045078 ; , s. 149-155
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kapitel om rehabiliteringsmedicinens utveckling och nuvarande plats i sjukvården samt begrepp och metodik inleder boken. I två delar ges därefter rehabiliteringsmedicinska aspekter på de dominerande sjukdomsgrupperna - komplexa smärttillstånd respektive skador och sjukdomar i nervsystemet. Som avslutning beskrivs bland annat stressrelaterade tillstånd. Läroboken är avsedd för grundutbildning av läkare, arbetsterapeuter och sjukgymnaster, logopeder samt för läkare under AT-tjänstgöring. Den är också lämplig som introduktion i specialistutbildningen i rehabiliteringsmedicin, geriatrik, neurologi och smärtlindring. Vidareutbildningar av olika vårdyrkesgrupper kan ha nytta av boken och den kan också användas som referenslitteratur av yrkesverksamma med intresse för rehabiliteringsmedicin
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| 22. |
- Larsson, Britt, et al.
(författare)
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Blood supply and oxidative metabolism in muscle biopsies of female cleaners with and without myalgia
- 2004
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Ingår i: The Clinical Journal of Pain. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0749-8047 .- 1536-5409. ; 20:6, s. 440-446
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Pathomechanisms of work-related myalgia are poorly understood. Myalgia is thought to be caused by excitation of nociceptors present in the muscular tissue but not in the muscle fiber itself. Muscle contraction in combination with hypoxia is known to excite nociceptors. Morphologic analysis can contribute to the knowledge of the excitation of nociceptors. This study thoroughly examines the morphology of the trapezius muscle's capillary supply and signs of disturbed oxidative metabolism to understand their role in work-related myalgia. METHODS: Surgical trapezius muscle biopsies were obtained from 25 female cleaners with long-standing work-related myalgia, 25 female cleaners without trapezius myalgia, and 21 healthy teachers. Enzyme and immunohistochemical stainings were performed to highlight fibers with aberrant intermyofibrillar patterns, indicating a disturbed oxidative metabolism (also known as moth-eaten fibers) and a disturbed capillary supply of different fibers. RESULTS: A significantly lower number of capillaries per fiber area in cleaners suffering from myalgia compared with cleaners without trapezius myalgia was found. Moth-eaten fibers were found in the 3 groups, but these fibers were significantly more prevalent in the groups of cleaners than in the healthy teacher group. CONCLUSION: This work indicates that the capillary supply of trapezius is affected in work-related trapezius myalgia. More studies are needed to understand possible mechanisms that would explain the occurrence of moth-eaten fibers.
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| 23. |
- Larsson, Britt, et al.
(författare)
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Myosin heavy chain isoforms influence surface EMG parameters : A study of the trapezius muscle in cleaners with and without myalgia and in healthy teachers
- 2002
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Ingår i: European Journal of Applied Physiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1439-6319 .- 1439-6327. ; 87:6, s. 481-488
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study had two aims: (1) to investigate potential differences in proportion of myosin heavy chain isoforms in the trapezius muscle between female cleaners with and without trapezius myalgia and healthy teachers, and (2) to elucidate if myosin heavy chain composition and surface electromyogram (EMG) during an isokinetic endurance test of shoulder flexors are significantly related. The subjects were divided into three groups: (1) 25 female cleaners with diagnosed work-related trapezius myalgia, (2) 25 female cleaners without work-related trapezius myalgia, (3) a control group of 21 healthy female teachers who were not exposed to repetitive or static muscle work. All subjects performed a test involving 150 forward flexions using an isokinetic dynamometer. During the test surface EMG was recorded from the trapezius muscle. Muscle samples were obtained from the descending part of the trapezius muscle. The fibre type area percentage based on ATPase staining and the proportions of different MHC isoforms as determined by gel electrophoresis. The trapezius was dominated by MHC I (71%), followed by MHC IIA (22-24%), and MHC IIX (5-7%), no significant differences between the three groups of subjects were found. The proportion of MHC I correlated negatively with MHC IIA (r=-0.78, P<0.001) and MHC IIX (r= -0.53, P<0.001). Significant correlations existed between the proportion of the MHC isoforms and the corresponding proportion of the fibre type area, 27-45% of the variance was explained. The multivariate analysis of the three groups of subjects revealed that MHC variables showed intercorrelations with EMG (both amplitude and frequency variables). However, the directions of the relationships differed among the three groups, the cleaners with myalgia and the teachers showed the greatest similarities in patterns. Intrinsic muscle properties appear to influence the frequency content of the EMG, which is in contrast to some of the theoretical models of the EMG. Our data could suggest that monotonous work such as professional cleaning can change the relationships between muscle structure and the frequency content of the EMG.
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| 24. |
- Larsson, Britt, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Respiratory and ocular symptoms in workers exposed to potassium aluminium-tetrafluoride soldering flux
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-1246 .- 0340-0131. ; 80:7, s. 627-633
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives Exposure to aluminium compounds, such as fluorides in gaseous and particulate form, places people who work in potrooms at risk for respiratory symptoms. Workers in potrooms, however, also are exposed to a number of other air contaminants. In this study, we present the first report of a dose-response relationship after exposure to potassium aluminium tetrafluoride (KAlF4) and the influence of smoking and atopy. Materials All workers (308) from an industrial plant that used KA1F as soldering flux were invited to participate in the study. In all, 289 workers participated and 118 employees not exposed to chemicals in their professional work served as an unexposed group. Methods In the first step, all subjects answered a questionnaire concerning respiratory symptoms and work history, and participated in a lung function examination. In a second step, all workers who reported work-related complaints from lower respiratory airways were invited to participate in medical examination, methacholine test, screening test of respiratory allergy, and skin prick test against KAlF4. Results The exposed subjects had more symptoms than the unexposed group; dry cough odds ratio (OR): 5.17 (confidence interval 1.79-15.0), stuffy nose: 2.3 (1.25-4.22), nose bleeding: 10.7 (3.26-35.3) and ocular symptoms 5.01 (1.92-13.1) except for chest tightening and wheezing, and shortness of breath. The symptoms appeared in a dose response-like manner although the ORs between high and low exposed were significant for only chest tightening and wheezing, 2.62 (1.30-5.26) and stuffy nose 2.1 (1.22-3.66). Smokers and atopics did not report more frequent work-related symptoms. Smokers were significantly less hyperreactive than non-smokers, indicating a healthy-worker effect. No one showed a positive skin prick test against KAlF4. Conclusions In spite of exposure levels of KAlF4 well below the new Swedish threshold limit, value frequent respiratory and ocular symptoms were reported. No evidence of IgE mediated allergy was found.
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| 25. |
- Larsson, Britt, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Work related neck-shoulder pain : a review on magnitude, risk factors, biochemical characteristics, clinical picture and preventive interventions
- 2007
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Ingår i: Baillière's Best Practice & Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1521-6942 .- 1532-1770. ; 21:3, s. 447-463
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this review is to scrutinize the physiology of neck-shoulder pain and trapezius myalgia based on the most recent scientific literature. Therefore, systematic literature searches have been conducted. Occurrence of neck-shoulder pain, risk factors for development of neck-shoulder pain, and its work-relatedness are addressed. Furthermore, the latest information on the biochemical milieu within healthy and painful neck-shoulder muscles is reviewed. Finally diagnosis of and intervention for neck and shoulder pain are discussed. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 26. |
- Modin Larsson, Malin, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Antibody prevalence and titer to norovirus (genogroup II) correlate with secretor (FUT2) but not with ABO phenotype or Lewis (FUT3) genotype
- 2006
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Ingår i: J Infect Dis. - : Oxford University Press. ; 194:10, s. 1422-1427
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Histo-blood group antigens and secretor status have been associated with susceptibility to Norovirus infections, which suggests that antibody prevalence and titer might correlate with these phenotypes. METHODS: Plasma samples (n = 105) from Swedish blood donors that had been genotyped for secretor (FUT2) and Lewis (Le; FUT3) genotypes and phenotyped for ABO and Le blood groups were analyzed for immunoglobulin G antibody prevalence and titers to norovirus genogroup (GG) II.4. RESULTS: The results showed that nonsecretors (se4128se428) and Lea+b- individuals not only had significantly lower antibody titers than did secretors (P < .0001) and Lea-b+ individuals (P < .0002) but were also significantly more often antibody negative (P < .05). Antibody titers in secretors were not significantly different between individuals of different Le (FUT3) genotypes or different ABO phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS: Nonsecretors and Lea+b- individuals are significantly less prone to be infected with GGII noroviruses. This new information extends previous knowledge and supports the hypothesis that nonsecretors are relatively but not absolutely resistant to norovirus infections.
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| 27. |
- Peterson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Nurses' Advocacy of Clinical Pain Management in Hospitals : A Qualitative Study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Pain Management Nursing. - : Saunders Elsevier. - 1524-9042 .- 1532-8635. ; 20:2, s. 133-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND AIMS: In hospitals, efficient pain care given by nurses is warrented because pain prevalence in the previous 24 hours has been reported to be high. This study aims to clarify nurse's experiences with pain management as a specific responsibility added to their regular clinical duties. In addition, this study aims to elucidate these nurses' attitudes about sharing their pain knowledge with their colleagues.DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: This study includes semi-structured interviews of 17 registered staff nurses at the University Hospital, Linköping Sweden. The interviews were analyzed using a qualitative content analysis.RESULTS: A main thematic category emerged: Selected nurses experience shortcomings and obstacles in clinical pain management and are willing to improve their knowledge and share it with their colleagues. This main category was based on the following four sub-categories: a valued but unclear assignment; the presence of facilitators and obstacles; in need of support and collaboration; and a deficit of own knowledge and future teaching of colleagues.CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the nurses maintained a constructive attitude about their responsibilities to teach colleagues about pain management in spite the difficulties they experienced fulfilling all their responsibilities. Nurses who have the added responsibility to teach their colleagues pain management need specialized education in pain management and pedagogic skills for teaching clinical pain management. Moreover, these nurses need to be given the time, support, and collaborative opportunities to develop their knowledge. A nursing model that provides nurses trained in pain management education should be developed and evaluated.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Rosendahl, Lars, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Increase in muscle nociceptive substances and anaerobic metabolism in patients with trapezius myalgia : microdialysis in rest and during exercise
- 2004
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Ingår i: Pain. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0304-3959 .- 1872-6623. ; 112:3, s. 324-334
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Local metabolic changes are suggested to be involved in muscle pain development in humans. Nineteen women with chronic work-related trapezius myalgia (TM) and 20 healthy female controls (CON) were studied during baseline rest, 20 min repetitive low-force exercise, and 120 min recovery. Interstitial serotonin (5-HT), glutamate, lactate, pyruvate, and blood flow were determined by microdialysis in the trapezius muscle. Baseline pressure pain threshold (PPT) was lower (143+/-18 (TM) vs. 269+/-17 (CON) kPa) (mean +/- SEM), pain intensity (visual analogue scale, VAS) higher (33+/-5 vs. 2+/-1 mm), muscle 5-HT higher (22.9+/-6.7 vs. 3.8+/-1.3 nmol/l), and glutamate higher (47+/-3 vs. 36+/-4 mumol/l) in TM than in CON (all P<0.05), whereas muscle blood flow was similar in groups. Furthermore, muscle pyruvate was higher (180+/-15 vs. 135+/-12 mumol/l) and lactate higher (4.4+/-0.3 vs. 3.1+/-0.3 mmol/l) in TM than in CON (P<0.001). In response to exercise, VAS and glutamate increased in both TM and CON (all P<0.05). In TM only, lactate and pyruvate increased significantly (P<0.02), whereas blood flow increased to similar levels in both groups. During the initial 20 min recovery period, blood flow remained increased in TM (P<0.005) whereas it decreased to baseline levels in CON. In conclusion, patients with chronic work-related TM have increased levels of muscle 5-HT and glutamate that were correlated to pain intensity (r=0.55, P<0.001) and PPT (r=-0.47, P<0.001), respectively. In addition, TM was associated with increased anaerobic metabolism, whereas a normal rise in blood flow was seen with exercise. These findings indicate that peripheral nociceptive processes are active in work-related TM.
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| 30. |
- Rossen, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of a three-armed randomised controlled trial using self-monitoring of daily steps with and without counselling in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes-the Sophia Step Study
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. - : BioMed Central. - 1479-5868. ; 18:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: This aimed to evaluate the effects of self-monitoring of daily steps with or without counselling support on HbA1c, other cardiometabolic risk factors and objectively measured physical activity (PA) during a 2-year intervention in a population with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes.METHODS: The Sophia Step Study was a three-armed parallel randomised controlled trial. Participants with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes were recruited in a primary care setting. Allocation (1:1:1) was made to a multi-component intervention (self-monitoring of steps with counselling support), a single-component intervention (self-monitoring of steps without counselling support) or standard care. Data were collected for primary outcome HbA1c at baseline and month 6, 12, 18 and 24. Physical activity was assessed as an intermediate outcome by accelerometer (ActiGraph GT1M) for 1 week at baseline and the 6-, 12-, 18- and 24-month follow-up visits. The intervention effects were evaluated by a robust linear mixed model.RESULTS: and HbA1c was 50 (11) mmol/mol, 21% had prediabetes and 40% were female. The dropout rate was 11% at 24 months. Effect size (CI) for the primary outcome (HbA1c) ranged from -1.3 (-4.8 to 2.2) to 1.1 (-2.4 to 4.6) mmol/mol for the multi-component vs control group and from 0.3 (-3.3 to 3.9) to 3.1 (-0.5 to 6.7) mmol/mol for the single-component vs control group. Effect size (CI) for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity ranged from 8.0 (0.4 to 15.7) to 11.1 (3.3 to 19.0) min/day for the multi-component vs control group and from 7.6 (-0.4 to 15.6) to 9.4 (1.4 to 17.4) min/day for the single-component group vs control group.CONCLUSION: This 2-year intervention, including self-monitoring of steps with or without counselling, prevented a decrease in PA but did not provide evidence for improved metabolic control and cardiometabolic risk factors in a population with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02374788 . Registered 2 March 2015-Retrospectively registered.
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| 31. |
- Schaller, Anne, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Are patient education and self-care advantageous for patients with head and neck cancer? : A feasibility study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nursing Open. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 2054-1058. ; 6:4, s. 1528-1541
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: This study evaluates whether patient education and individually self-care reduces pain and improves QoL, mood and sleep during and after radiotherapy treatment for patients with head and neck cancer.Design: A longitudinal, two-armed feasibility study design was performed.Methods: Sixty-four participants with curative intent were included in the study. All participants answered questions about pain three times a week and completed a survey questionnaire about pain, QoL, psychological aspects and barriers towards pain management at baseline, at 4 weeks and at 10 weeks. Thirty-four of the participants attended in two education sessions on pain based on their beliefs about pain and received individualized self-care instructions based on their weekly rating of pain.Result: This study did not find any significant group differences for the pain, QoL, mood and sleep.
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| 32. |
- Ylmén, Rikard E, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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DR-FTIR method for the study of early hydration of cement
- 2008
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Ingår i: Conference Proceedings for “SCC 2008: Challenges and Barriers to Application.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method has been developed to study early hydration reactions of ordinary Portland cement using freeze drying and Diffuse Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (DR-FTIR). The hydration process was studied after 3 minutes up to 2 hours. The cement samples were mixed and after different hydration times the samples were placed in frozen liquid hydrogen to stop the hydration process. The samples were freeze dried under vacuum and analyzed with DR-FTIR. Measurements were also made on cement that was only dried in vacuum. The results showed that the freezing of the cement instantly stopped without any further hydration. This makes it possible to monitor chemical changes during very early hydration stages of cement by using the freeze drying combined with DR-FTIR. It was also possible to dry the samples with only vacuum, but then it was not possible to study the hydration process on a short timescale. Comparison between frozen and non-frozen samples showed that the freezing do not cause any detectable differences. This clearly indicates that the freezing do not change the chemical or physical structure of the samples to any larger extent. The freezing of the samples gave a much better time resolution and made it easier to handle the samples technically as they could be stored in the liquid nitrogen and put in the freeze drier together. The vacuum dried samples on the other hand had to be put in the drier at specified times. After a sample is put in the drier, vacuum has to be established and the sample must be sufficiently dry for the hydration to stop. This limits the time resolution of the vacuum technique in this study at best to a few minutes. The limiting time step of the freezing technique is the time for freezing the samples, which in this study was a few seconds.
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