| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Adman, Per, et al.
(författare)
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171 forskare: ”Vi vuxna bör också klimatprotestera”
- 2019
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Ingår i: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - Stockholm. - 1101-2447.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- DN DEBATT 26/9. Vuxna bör följa uppmaningen från ungdomarna i Fridays for future-rörelsen och protestera eftersom det politiska ledarskapet är otillräckligt. Omfattande och långvariga påtryckningar från hela samhället behövs för att få de politiskt ansvariga att utöva det ledarskap som klimatkrisen kräver, skriver 171 forskare i samhällsvetenskap och humaniora.
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| 6. |
- Larsson, Carolina, et al.
(författare)
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MicroRNA and interleukin 6 interplay in the adipose tissue of rheumatoid arthritis patients.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Clinical and experimental rheumatology. - : Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology. - 0392-856X .- 1593-098X. ; 41:1, s. 32-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- MicroRNAs (miRs) are non-translated RNA sequences that elicit negative control over protein expression. The adipose tissue (AT) is considered the major producer of miRs and inflammatory interleukin 6 (IL-6). This study aims to investigate the relationship between production of IL-6 and miRs in AT.IL-6 gene expression was analysed in RNA extracts from subcutaneous AT of 75 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), with qPCR. Genome-wide profile of human miRs (2565 miRs, 96.6%) was analysed in 35 AT samples on 3D microarray. The miR-processing proteins Dicer, Drosha and DGCR8 were analysed with qPCR. In silico prediction of protein targets for the differentially expressed (DE) miRs (p<0.05; log2FC >±0.5) was conducted by DIANA software. Seven AT samples were stimulated in vitro with IL-6 or IL-6+IL-6R antibody tocilizumab and analysed for the miR processing proteins.We identified 30 DE miRs between AT with high and low IL-6 mRNA, of which 26 miRs were inversely related with IL-6 levels. DE miRs were predicted to interfere in oestrogen (p=0.001), FoxO (p=0.006) and insulin (p=0.03) signalling pathways. High expression of IL-6 in AT was associated with significantly higher expression of Dicer (p=0.04) and Drosha (p=0.04), while inhibition of IL-6 signalling with tocilizumab decreased the levels of total miRs processing enzymes (p=0.003).IL-6 mRNA production in AT has a negative effect on the miRs expression profile and it increases miR-production capacity.
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| 7. |
- Serrander, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Particles binding β2-integrins mediate intracellular production of oxidative metabolites in human neutrophils independently of phagocytosis
- 1999
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Ingår i: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. Molecular Cell Research. - 0167-4889 .- 1879-2596. ; 1452:2, s. 133-144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Complement-opsonised particles are readily ingested by human neutrophils through a complement receptor-mediated process leading to phagolysosome fusion and production of oxidative metabolites. To investigate the complement receptor 3 (CR3)-associated signal system involved, cells were challenged with protein A-positive, heat-killed Staphylococcus aureus to which antibodies with specificity for the subunits of the β2-integrins, i.e. anti-CD11b (the α subunit of CR3) and anti-CD18 (the β subunit of CR3), were bound through their Fc moiety. Despite not being ingested by the neutrophils, the surface associated anti-CD18- and anti-CD11b-coated particles were able to activate the neutrophil NADPH-oxidase. Also anti-CD11a- (the α subunit of LFA-1) and to a lesser extent anti-CD11c- (the α subunit of CR4) coated particles were able to trigger the NADPH-oxidase. The NADPH-oxidase was activated without extracellular release of reactive oxygen species. The activity was inhibited by cytochalasin B, suggesting a necessary role for the cytoskeleton in the signalling pathway that activates the oxidase. We show that particle-mediated cross-linking of β2-integrins on the neutrophil surface initiates a signalling cascade, involving cytoskeletal rearrangements, leading to an activation of the NADPH-oxidase without phagosome formation or extracellular release of reactive oxygen species.
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| 8. |
- Sjölie, Daniel, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Integration of Research on Immersive Learning Environments and Education in Welding
- 2024
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Ingår i: Sustainable Production through Advanced Manufacturing, Intelligent Automation and Work Integrated Learning. - : IOS Press. - 9781643685106 - 9781643685113 ; , s. 660-671
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The integration of virtual reality (VR) laboratories into welding education presents an array of potential advantages. It can be used at campus or in distance, and it offers an alternative when access to traditional laboratories is challenging. The economic benefits, including savings on material preparation and energy costs, along with the environmental, health and safety advantages of mitigating exposure to welding fumes, arc radiation, and electrical hazards, add further value and contribute to sustainability in welding education. The work presented here is an example of the integration of education in the areas of welding and informatics and research on immersive learning. A multidisciplinary team worked on the development of an immersive learning environment, including virtual laboratory areas for welding processes as well as for microstructural inspection of welds.During the project, this learning environment, and the contained virtual laboratories, have been implemented by the researchers with the support from IT students, and tested, and improved with the feedback provided by students in welding technology, materials science, and manufacturing courses. Overall, more than twenty students from Informatics have been involved throughout the project, resulting in five bachelor theses, three master theses, three course projects in Immersive computing, and two course projects focusing on web development. The involvement of IT students has not only supported the development of the virtual learning environment, but it has also created new avenues for future research and developments in immersive computing.
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| 9. |
- Wikberg, Carl, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison Between the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale–Self and the Beck Depression Inventory II in Primary Care
- 2015
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Ingår i: The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders. - 0160-6689 .- 1555-2101 .- 2155-7772. ; 17:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale–Self (MADRS-S) and the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) are commonly used self-assessment instruments for screening and diagnosis of depression. The BDI-II has 21 items and the MADRS-S has 9 items. These instruments have been tested with psychiatric inpatients but not in outpatient primary care, where most patients with symptoms of depression initially seek treatment. The purpose of this study was to compare these 2 instruments in the primary care setting. Method: Data were collected from 2 primary care randomized controlled trials that were performed from 2010 to 2013 in Sweden: the Primary Care Self-Assessment MADRS-S Study and Primary Care Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Study. There were 146 patients (73 patients each from both trials) who had newly diagnosed mild or moderate depression (per DSM-IV recommendations) and who had assessment with both the MADRS-S and BDI-II at primary care centers. Comparability and reliability of the instruments were estimated by Pearson product moment correlation and Cronbach α. Results: A good correlation was observed between the 2 instruments: 0.66 and 0.62 in the 2 study cohorts. The reliability within the 2 study cohorts was good for both MADRS-S (Cronbach α: 0.76 for both cohorts) and BDI-II items (Cronbach α: 0.88 and 0.85). Conclusions: The 2 instruments showed good comparability and reliability for low, middle, and high total depression scores. The MADRS-S may be used as a rapid, easily administered, and inexpensive tool in primary care and has results comparable to the BDI-II in all domains.
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| 10. |
- Ahluwalia, Bani, et al.
(författare)
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Aloe barbadensis Mill. extract improves symptoms in IBS patients with diarrhoea: post hoc analysis of two randomized double-blind controlled studies
- 2021
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Ingår i: Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology. - : SAGE Publications. - 1756-283X .- 1756-2848. ; 14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Aloe barbadensis Mill. (Aloe) extract was found to be well-tolerated, safe and showed beneficial effects in subsets of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients in two randomized, double-blind, controlled studies. However, the individual studies were underpowered to perform subgroup analyses. We therefore determined the effect of Aloe extract in IBS subgroups in a post hoc analysis combining the results from the two studies. Methods: Data from the two controlled studies comparing Aloe and control treatment taken orally for 4 weeks, were pooled. Both studies included IBS patients fulfilling the ROME III criteria and IBS Symptom Severity Score (IBS-SSS) was assessed. We analysed the effect of Aloe extract on IBS symptom severity and the proportion of responders (IBS-SSS reduction > 50) in IBS subgroups. Results: In total, 213 IBS patients were included in the post hoc subgroup analyses. A reduction in overall symptom severity, primarily driven by effect on pain severity and frequency, comparing baseline versus end of treatment, was recorded in IBS patients with diarrhoea (IBS-D) receiving Aloe (n = 38, p < 0.001) but not control treatment (n = 33, p = 0.33), with difference between the treatment groups (p = 0.01). Moreover, the frequency of responders was higher in IBS-D patients receiving Aloe (n = 22, 58%) compared to control treatment (n = 10, 30%) (p = 0.02). The effect of Aloe extract treatment on IBS symptom severity was not superior to control treatment in the other IBS subtypes. Conclusion: Aloe extract improves symptom severity in IBS-D patients and can be regarded as a safe and effective treatment option for this patient group.
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| 11. |
- Ahluwalia, Bani, et al.
(författare)
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Differences in Metabolite Composition of Aloe barbadensis Mill. Extracts Lead to Differential Effects on Human Blood T Cell Activity In Vitro
- 2022
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Ingår i: Molecules. - : MDPI AG. - 1420-3049 .- 1420-3049. ; 27:19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aloe barbadensis Mill. (Aloe) is used for diverse therapeutic properties including immunomodulation. However, owing to the compositionally complex nature of Aloe, bioactive component(s) responsible for its beneficial properties, though thought to be attributed to polysaccharides (acemannan), remain unknown. We therefore aimed to determine the metabolite composition of various commercial Aloe extracts and assess their effects on human blood T cell activity in vitro. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy donors were stimulated polyclonally in presence or absence of various Aloe extracts. T cell phenotype and proliferation were investigated by flow cytometry. Aloe extracts were analyzed using targeted 1H-NMR spectroscopy for standard phytochemical quality characterization and untargeted gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for metabolite profiling. Aloe extracts differing in their standard phytochemical composition had varying effects on T cell activation, proliferation, apoptosis, and cell-death in vitro, although this was not related to the acemannan content. Furthermore, each Aloe extract had its own distinct metabolite profile, where extracts rich in diverse sugar and sugar-derivatives were associated with reduced T cell activity. Our results demonstrate that all commercial Aloe extracts are unique with distinct metabolite profiles, which lead to differential effects on T cell activity in vitro, independent of the acemannan content.
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| 12. |
- Ahluwalia, Bani, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of Aloe barbadensis Mill. extract (AVH200 (R)) on human blood T cell activity in vitro
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Ethnopharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-8741 .- 1872-7573. ; 179, s. 301-309
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ethnopharmacological relevance: Aloe barbadensis Mill. (Aloe vera) is a widely used medicinal plant well reputed for its diverse therapeutic applications. It has been used for thousands of years in folk medicine to treat various conditions and the Aloe vera gel has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory as well as immunostimulatory and immunomodulatory properties. However, the mode of action is still unclear. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was determine the effects of two well-defined A. barbadensis Mill. extracts AVH200 (R) and AVE200 on human blood T cells in vitro. Materials and methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy donors were stimulated polyclonally in the presence or absence of AVH200 (R) and AVE200. The T cell phenotype was investigated by flow cytometry, cell proliferation was determined by CFSE dye and thymidine assay, respectively and cytokine secretion was determined by MSD (R) Multi-Spot Assay system and ELISA. Results: The presence of AVH200 (R) resulted in a reduced expression of CD25 among CD3(+) T cells and suppression of T cell proliferation in a dose dependent manner. Furthermore, AVH200 (R) reduced the expression of CD28 on CD3(+) T cells. AVH200 (R) also reduced the secretion of IL-2, IFN-gamma and IL-17A in PBMC cultures. The AVH200 (R) dose dependent reduction in T cell activation and proliferation recorded in the cell cultures was not due to apoptosis or cell death. Additionally, AVH200 (R) was found to be more effective as compared to AVE200 in reducing T cell activation and proliferation. Conclusion: AVH200 (R) has the potential to reduce the activation, proliferation and cytokine secretion of healthy human blood T cells. Our study suggests that AVH200 (R) has a suppressive effect on human blood T cells in vitro.
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| 13. |
- Ahluwalia, Bani, et al.
(författare)
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Randomized clinical trial: Effects of Aloe barbadensis Mill. extract on symptoms, fecal microbiota and fecal metabolite profiles in patients with irritable bowel syndrome
- 2020
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Ingår i: Neurogastroenterology and Motility. - : Wiley. - 1350-1925 .- 1365-2982. ; 32:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Aloe barbadensis Mill.(Aloe) with potential prebiotic effects has been suggested to reduce symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We therefore aimed to determine the effects of an Aloe extract on symptoms of IBS, and evaluate whether effects may be mediated by fecal microbiota and metabolites in a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. Methods Patient with IBS diagnosed according to the ROME III criteria (all subtypes), received Aloe or control treatment (inulin) for 4 weeks. IBS Symptom Severity Score (IBS-SSS) was assessed, and fecal samples collected before and at end of treatment. Fecal microbiota composition and metabolomic profile were determined. Key results In total, 160 IBS patients completed the study. The overall severity of IBS symptoms was reduced in both Aloe and control treatment groups (P < .001, both groups, comparing baseline vs end of treatment), without difference between groups (P = .62). The frequency of responders (IBS-SSS reduction >= 50) did not differ between Aloe treatment (n = 33, 39%) and control (n = 34, 45%) (P = .49). However, fecal microbiota and metabolite profiles differed between Aloe, but not control treatment responders and non-responders both before and after treatment. Conclusion In a mixed group of IBS patients, Aloe was not superior to control treatment, although it showed potential to reduce IBS symptom severity in subsets of IBS patients which could be predicted by fecal microbiota and metabolite profiles. ClinicalTrials.gov no: NCT01400048.
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| 14. |
- Alijagic, Andi, 1992-, et al.
(författare)
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Immunotoxic, genotoxic, and endocrine disrupting impacts of polyamide microplastic particles and chemicals
- 2024
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Ingår i: Environment International. - : Elsevier. - 0160-4120 .- 1873-6750. ; 183
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to their exceptional properties and cost effectiveness, polyamides or nylons have emerged as widely used materials, revolutionizing diverse industries, including industrial 3D printing or additive manufacturing (AM). Powder-based AM technologies employ tonnes of polyamide microplastics to produce complex components every year. However, the lack of comprehensive toxicity assessment of particulate polyamides and polyamide-associated chemicals, especially in the light of the global microplastics crisis, calls for urgent action. This study investigated the physicochemical properties of polyamide-12 microplastics used in AM, and assessed a number of toxicity endpoints focusing on inflammation, immunometabolism, genotoxicity, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation, endocrine disruption, and cell morphology. Specifically, microplastics examination by means of field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed that work flow reuse of material created a fraction of smaller particles with an average size of 1-5 µm, a size range readily available for uptake by human cells. Moreover, chemical analysis by means of gas chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry detected several polyamide-associated chemicals including starting material, plasticizer, thermal stabilizer/antioxidant, and migrating slip additive. Even if polyamide particles and chemicals did not induce an acute inflammatory response, repeated and prolonged exposure of human primary macrophages disclosed a steady increase in the levels of proinflammatory chemokine Interleukin-8 (IL-8/CXCL-8). Moreover, targeted metabolomics disclosed that polyamide particles modulated the kynurenine pathway and some of its key metabolites. The p53-responsive luciferase reporter gene assay showed that particles per se were able to activate p53, being indicative of a genotoxic stress. Polyamide-associated chemicals triggered moderate activation of AhR and elicited anti-androgenic activity. Finally, a high-throughput and non-targeted morphological profiling by Cell Painting assay outlined major sites of bioactivity of polyamide-associated chemicals and indicated putative mechanisms of toxicity in the cells. These findings reveal that the increasing use of polyamide microplastics may pose a potential health risk for the exposed individuals, and it merits more attention.
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| 15. |
- Björkelund, Cecilia, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of adding early cooperation and a work-place dialogue meeting to primary care management for sick-listed patients with stress-related disorders: CO-WORK-CARE-Stress - a pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial.
- 2024
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of primary health care. - 1502-7724. ; , s. 1-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate whether intensified cooperation between general practitioner (GP), care manager and rehabilitation coordinator (RC) for patients sick-listed for stress-related mental disorder, combined with a person-centred dialogue meeting with employer, could reduce sick-leave days compared with usual care manager contact.Pragmatic cluster-randomised controlled trial, randomisation at primary care centre (PCC) level.PCCs in Region Västra Götaland, Sweden, with care manager organisation.Of 30 invited PCCs, 28 (93%) accepted the invitation and recruited 258 patients newly sick-listed due to stress-related mental disorder (n=142 intervention, n=116 control PCCs).Cooperation between GP, care manager and rehabilitation coordinator from start of illness notification plus a person-centred dialogue meeting between patient and employer within 3months. Regular contact with care manager was continued at the control PCCs.12-months net and gross number of sick-leave days. Secondary outcomes: Symptoms of stress, depression, anxiety; work ability and health related quality of life (EQ-5D) over 12months.There were no significant differences between intervention and control groups after 12months: days on sick-leave (12-months net sick-leave days, intervention, mean = 110.7days (95% confidence interval (CI) 82.6-138.8); control, mean = 99.1days (95% CI 73.9-124.3)), stress, depression, or anxiety symptoms, work ability or EQ-5D. There were no significant differences between intervention and control groups concerning proportion on sick-leave after 3, 6, 12months. At 3months 64.8% were on sick-leave in intervention group vs 54.3% in control group; 6months 38% vs 32.8%, and12 months 16.9% vs 15.5%.Increased cooperation at the PCC between GP, care manager and RC for stress-related mental disorder coupled with an early workplace contact in the form of a person-centred dialogue meeting does not reduce days of sick-leave or speed up rehabilitation.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03250026 https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03250026?tab=results#publicationsCO-WORK-CAREFirst Posted: August 15, 2017. Recruitment of PCCs: September 2017. Inclusion of patients from December 2017.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Eisele, Frederik, et al.
(författare)
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An Hsp90 co-chaperone links protein folding and degradation and is part of a conserved protein quality control
- 2021
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Ingår i: Cell Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2211-1247. ; 35:13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we show that the essential Hsp90 co-chaperone Sgt1 is a member of a general protein quality control network that links folding and degradation through its participation in the degradation of misfolded proteins both in the cytosol and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Sgt1-dependent protein degradation acts in a parallel pathway to the ubiquitin ligase (E3) and ubiquitin chain elongase (E4), Hul5, and overproduction of Hul5 partly suppresses defects in cells with reduced Sgt1 activity. Upon proteostatic stress, Sgt1 accumulates transiently, in an Hsp90- and proteasome-dependent manner, with quality control sites (Q-bodies) of both yeast and human cells that co-localize with Vps13, a protein that creates organelle contact sites. Misfolding disease proteins, such as synphilin-1 involved in Parkinson's disease, are also sequestered to these compartments and require Sgt1 for their clearance. © 2021 The Author(s)
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| 18. |
- Eivazzadeh, Shahryar, 1975-
(författare)
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Evaluating Success Factors of Health Information Systems
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Health information systems are our technological response to the growing demand for health care. However, their success in their mission can be challenging due to the complexity of evaluating technological interventions in health care. In the series of studies compiled in this dissertation, we looked at the evaluation of these systems. We focused on the evaluation of factors that lead to success, where success is indicated by user satisfaction and can be induced by both intervention-specific and individual-specific factors.Study 1 developed a method, called UVON, to elicit and organise the user-demanded qualities in the outcomes of the health information system intervention. Through the application of the UVON method in the FI-STAR project, an EU project which developed and deployed seven e-health applications in seven member countries, ten categories of quality and their subcategories were identified. These qualities formed two questionnaires, specific to the patient and health professional users. Through the questionnaires, the patients and health-professionals users evaluated and graded both the occurrence of those demanded qualities in the project outcomes and their general satisfaction.Study 2 analysed the survey results to find out which of those ten qualities have the highest impact on satisfaction or can predict it better. Two partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) models were constructed, for the patient and health professionals, based on the Unified eValuation using ONtology (UVON) and survey outputs. The models showed that effectiveness is an important quality in creating satisfaction for both user groups. Besides, affordability for the health professionals and efficiency plus safety for the patients were the most influential. A satisfaction index is also introduced for simple and fast inferring of the changes in the outcome qualities.Study 5 recruited outputs and learnings from studies 1 and 2 to design a system that partially automates the process of evaluating success factors in health information systems, making it continuous and real-time, and replacing hard-to-run surveys with automatically captured indicators and analytics.Study 3 focused on individual-specific factors in using health information systems, particularly the technophilia personality trait. A short six-items instrument, called TechPH, was designed to measure technophilia in users, tuned for older users. The study recruited empirical data from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care (SNAC) project. Two factors, labelled techAnxiety and techEnthusiams, are identified by the factor analysis method. A TechPH score was introduced as a scalar measurement of technophilia.Study 4 elicited and discussed the ethical challenges of evaluating and researching health information systems. Both a scoping review and a novel systematic postulation approach were recruited to identify twenty ethical challenges. The identified ethical challenges were discussed and mapped into a three-dimensional space of evaluation stages, demanded qualities, and major involving entities (stakeholder and artefacts), which fosters further postulation of ethical challenges.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Eriksson, Ulrika, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Examination of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), estrogenic and anti-androgenic activities, and levels of polyaromatic compounds (PACs) in tire granulates using in vitro bioassays and chemical analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Chemosphere. - : Pergamon Press. - 0045-6535 .- 1879-1298. ; 298
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tire granulates recovered from end-of-life tires contain a complex mixture of chemicals, amongst them polyaromatic compounds (PACs), of which many are recognized to be toxic and persistent in the environment. Only a few of these PACs are regularly monitored. In this study a combined approach of chemical analysis and a battery of CALUX® in vitro bioassays was used to determine PAC concentrations and estrogenic, (anti)-androgenic and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activities in tire granulates. Tire granulates from a recycling company was analyzed for PAHs, alkyl-PAHs, oxy-PAHs and heterocyclic PACs (NSO-PACs), in total 85 PACs. The concentrations of PACs were between 42 and 144 mg/kg, with major contribution from PAHs (74-88%) followed by alkyl-PAHs (6.6-20%) and NSO-PACs (1.8-7.0%). The sum of eight priority PAHs were between 2.3 and 8.6 mg/kg, contributing with 4.7-8.2% of ∑PACs. Bioassay analysis showed presence of AhR agonists, estrogen receptor (ERα) agonists, and androgen receptor (AR) antagonists in the tire granulate samples. Only 0.8-2.4% of AhR-mediated activities could be explained by the chemical analysis. Benzo[k+j]fluoranthenes, benzo[b]fluoranthene, indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene, 2-methylchrysene, and 3-methylchrysene were the major contributors to the AhR-mediated activities. The high contribution (98-99%) of unknown bioactive compounds to the bioassay effects in this study raises concerns and urges for further investigations of toxicants identification and source apportionment.
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| 21. |
- Essunger, Maria, 1972-
(författare)
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Kärlekens möjlighet : Skönlitterär gestaltning och teologisk reflektion hos François Mauriac och Lars Ahlin
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this thesis literary creation and theological reflection are studied thematically in three unique, but theologically connected novels by François Mauriac (1885–1970) and Lars Ahlin (1915–1997). At the same time more general questions are raised concerning the interaction between fiction and theology. The characters’/people’s relationships with each other and their relations to a possible god, as well as the interaction between these two relational spheres make up the focal point of the analysis. This is further discussed in relation to fundamental theological patterns of thought through the problematisation of two separate visions of love.The study makes use of a method in two stages, influenced by the philosopher Paul Ricœur. The method inspired by narratology, used in the first stage starts in the theories of Tzvetan Todorov and Gérard Genette. In the second stage texts from both theologians and philosophers (either explicitly or implicitly actualised in the novels) are used in order to broaden and deepen the understanding of the content of the novels: Martin Buber, John Macquarrie, Anders Nygren and St. Teresa of Avila, as well as a theological theoretical framework over impersonal and personal love, inspired by the thought of Vincent Brümmer. A concept of views of life serves as both reference and signpost throughout the analysis.In conclusion, the concept of creative silence is discussed, as is the issue of how the novels studied include implicit theological thoughts, at the same time as they avoid presenting (ready made) solutions. They insist instead on the reader’s own involvement and acceptance of responsibility in – and critical relation to – existential questions. From this suggestive silence continued theological reflections are initiated. They lead to a possible way of thinking around a functioning view of life today: to live with hope, but without certainty, of a reconciling love as an attitude to life.
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| 22. |
- Gamgam Leanderz, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Parental-couple separation during the transition to parenthood
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nursing Open. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2054-1058. ; 8:5, s. 2622-2636
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To evaluate factors associated with parental separation during the parenthood transition.DESIGN: Prospective, longitudinal and explorative.METHODS: This is a quantitative longitudinal study of N784 subjects throughout the pregnancy journey with multivariate regression analysis of survey data derived from three validated measurement scales; the Sense of Coherence scale, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and the Perceived Quality of the Dyadic Relationship scale conducted 2014-2016.RESULTS: N17 participants separated at 2 years. Parental separation was significantly greater for those women and partners with low or changing sense of coherence, perceived social support and perceived quality of the parental-couple relationship indexes. Partners with a change in sense of coherence (p: .003) and perceived quality of the parental-couple relationship (p: .020) between 1 week and 2 years were at greater risk for separation. Attending professional preparatory support with a partner for women (p: .013) and attending the "Inspirational Lecture" for partners (p: .046) were, to a lesser extent, associated with a risk of parental separation.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Holmqvist Larsson, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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"It's ok that I feel like this" : a qualitative study of adolescents' and parents' experiences of facilitators, mechanisms of change and outcomes in a joint emotion regulation group skills training
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMC Psychiatry. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-244X. ; 23:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundEmotion regulation difficulties underlie several psychiatric conditions, and treatments that focus on improving emotion regulation can have an effect on a broad range of symptoms. However, participants' in-depth experiences of participating in emotion regulation treatments have not been much studied. In this qualitative study, we investigated participants' experiences of a joint emotion regulation group skills training in a child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient setting.MethodsTwenty-one participants (10 adolescents and 11 parents) were interviewed about their experiences after they had participated in a seven-session transdiagnostic emotion regulation skills training for adolescents and parents. The aim of the skills training was to decrease emotion regulation difficulties, increase emotional awareness, reduce psychiatric symptoms, and enhance quality of life. The skills training consisted of psychoeducation about emotions and skills for regulating emotions. The interviews were transcribed and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.ResultsThe analysis resulted in three overarching themes: Parent - Child processes, Individual processes, and Group processes. The result showed that participants considered an improved parent-child relationship to be the main outcome. Increased knowledge, emotion regulation skills and behavioural change were conceptualised as both mechanisms of change and outcomes. The group format, and the fact that parents and adolescents participated together, were seen as facilitators. Furthermore, the participants experienced targeting emotions in skills training as meaningful and helpful.ConclusionThe results highlight the potential benefits of providing emotion regulation skills training for adolescents and parents together in a group format to improve the parent-child relationship and enable the opportunity to learn skills.
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| 25. |
- Johanson, Suzanne, et al.
(författare)
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Implementation of a novel return-to-work approach for persons with affective disorders in a traditional vocational rehabilitation context: a case study
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Systems. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1752-4458. ; 14:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The person-centred Individual Enabling and Support (IES) model is a novel return-to-work (RTW) intervention for people with affective disorders that was developed from evidence-based supported employment for persons with severe mental illness. Typically, supported employment is integrated into mental healthcare and provides a network around the service user and close collaboration with employment and insurance services and employers. Introducing integrated models into a highly sectored welfare system that includes traditional mental healthcare and vocational rehabilitation is challenging. Greater knowledge is needed to understand how facilitating or hindering factors influence this introduction. The aim of this study was to investigate essential components in implementation of the IES model. Methods A case-study was conducted and included four mental healthcare services. Data collection was comprised of semi-structured interviews with 19 key informants, documentation from meetings, and reflection notes. Analyses were performed according to directed content analysis, using the components of the Consolidated Framework of Implementation Research (CFIR) as a guiding tool. Fidelity assessments were performed at 6 and 12 months. Results Anticipating RTW support for the target group, and building collaborative relationships and a network with employment specialists that engaged staff in every organization were components that resulted in the greatest facilitation if IES implementation. Barriers consisted of difficulty in integrating employment specialists into the mental healthcare teams, insufficient engagement of first line managers, reorganization and differing perceptions of the IES model fit into a traditional vocational context. Delivery of the IES model had good fidelity. Conclusions The IES model can be implemented with good fidelity, several model advantages, and context adaptation. Team integration difficulties and negative perceptions of model fit in a traditional vocational rehabilitation context can be overcome to a certain degree, but this is insufficient for sustainable implementation on a larger scale. Policy and guidelines need to promote integrative and person-centred RTW approaches rather than a segregated stepwise approach. Further implementation studies in the traditional vocational rehabilitation context are needed.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Kristoffersson, Eleonor, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Sweden
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Tax Secrecy and Tax Transparency. - Wien : Peter Lang Publishing Group. - 9783631627464 ; , s. 1079-1110
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 28. |
- Kristoffersson, Eleonor, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Sweden
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Tax Secrecy and Tax Transparency. - Wien : Peter Lang Publishing Group. - 9783631627464 ; , s. 1079-1110
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 29. |
- Ladds, Marcus J. G. W., et al.
(författare)
-
A DHODH inhibitor increases p53 synthesis and enhances tumor cell killing by p53 degradation blockage
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of non-genotoxic therapies that activate wild-type p53 in tumors is of great interest since the discovery of p53 as a tumor suppressor. Here we report the identification of over 100 small-molecules activating p53 in cells. We elucidate the mechanism of action of a chiral tetrahydroindazole (HZ00), and through target deconvolution, we deduce that its active enantiomer (R)-HZ00, inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH). The chiral specificity of HZ05, a more potent analog, is revealed by the crystal structure of the (R)-HZ05/DHODH complex. Twelve other DHODH inhibitor chemotypes are detailed among the p53 activators, which identifies DHODH as a frequent target for structurally diverse compounds. We observe that HZ compounds accumulate cancer cells in S-phase, increase p53 synthesis, and synergize with an inhibitor of p53 degradation to reduce tumor growth in vivo. We, therefore, propose a strategy to promote cancer cell killing by p53 instead of its reversible cell cycle arresting effect.
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| 30. |
- Larsson, Johan, 1972-
(författare)
-
Development of suppliers and supply chains : Supplier development as a purchasing strategy
- 2005
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Purchasing is a function that has developed form a more clerical function to a function of strategic importance over the last 20 years. As a result of this development we have observed that many fi rms engage in supplier development activities as a part of their purchasing strategy. This thesis consists of four different essays describing various aspects of supplier development and an essay that summarise and connects the four essays as well as giving a broad introduction to the fi eld of research. Small and medium sized firms are of special interest when studying supplier or supply chain since they are important links in their supply chains but have fewer resources and therefore limited possibilities to develop by themselves. In the thesis three of the essays describe different ways in which this can be conducted. Positive benefits from supplier and supply chain development reported in the thesis are lower costs, shorter lead times, increased competence and an overall improved competitiveness.
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| 31. |
- Larsson, Johanna, 1986-
(författare)
-
Trainee teacher identities in the discourses of physics teacher education : Going against the flow of university physics
- 2021
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis investigates what is involved in being recognized as a legitimate physics teacher-to-be in a Swedish physics teacher programme. Drawing on in-depth, qualitative interviews with 17 physics teacher educators and 17 trainee physics teachers, this thesis sees learning to become a physics teacher as a process of performing professional identities. It demonstrates aligning discourses of educators and trainees, and outlines a number of challenges that trainees have to negotiate when learning to become physics teachers.The first part of the project analyzes the discourses of teacher educators. Four discourse models are identified which demonstrate how the talk of physics lecturers portrays the default goal of learning physics as becoming a researcher. Choosing to become a teacher in this system, means diverting from the expected path of a physics student, and moving backwards towards school physics. In such a system, trainee physics teachers are described as less competent and ambitious than other physics students, and can be understood to be incomprehensibly “going against the flow” of university physics by aiming towards school physics.The second part of the project shows how physics courses are experienced by the trainee physics teachers as primarily meeting the needs of other student groups. The educators’ talk about trainee teachers as less competent and ambitious is mirrored by trainees who see no incentive to try hard for good results. The analysis shows a physics study culture that emphasises brilliance and nerdiness, resulting in a passive classroom culture and high stress. Deepened analysis of the identity negotiations of three female interviewees shows how trainee teachers are resourceful in navigating this study culture. Combining positions of feminine woman, trainee teacher, and physics student, these students create practices of relaxed and constructive physics learning that challenge the elitist physics discourse.The education of physics teachers is important for many reasons. There are projected shortages of trained teachers, and physics teachers have the power to affect how physics, a field that is lacking diversity, is perceived by young people. By exploring how becoming a physics teacher is entangled with discourses of competence, femininity, and the status of the physics discipline this thesis takes a novel approach to the education of physics teachers. The findings suggest that physics faculty in their role as teacher educators examine assumptions about physics teacher education and trainee physics teachers, and can be used to empower trainee physics teachers to challenge norms of brilliance and masculinity in physics.
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| 32. |
- Larsson, Maria, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Absorbed dose to the kidneys after treatment with 177Lu-octreotate
- 2011
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- 177Lu-DOTA-octreotate (177Lu-octreotate) is used for therapy of patients with neuroendocrine (NE), somatostatin-receptor-expressing tumours. After administration 177Lu is mainly secreted via the kidneys with reabsorption and accumulation in the kidney cortex. One of the limiting factors in this type of treatment is kidney toxicity. The aim of this study was to estimate the absorbed dose to the kidneys after fractionated therapy, and examine how which time-points that are necessary for more accurate determination of the biokinetics and cumulated activity of 177Lu. Methods: Totally, 33 patients with NE tumours received 3.5-8 GBq 177Lu-octreotate, up to five times, combined with amino acid infusion to block the kidney uptake. Whole body planar gamma camera images were taken at day 0, 1, 2 and 7. The conjugate-view method was used to determine the 177Lu activity in the kidneys, and the absorbed dose to the kidneys was determined. Then, activity data from one time-point at a time was excluded, and the resulting absorbed dose was compared with that based on all time-points. Results: Large variations were found in the patterns of the time-activity curves, and in kidneys between patients: 0.34-2.43 Gy/GBq, also. Large variations were also seen in the absorbed dose to the kidneys between fractions for an individual patient. Excluding data for day 7 resulted in a deviation in the absorbed dose to the kidneys up to a factor of 2.3. Conclusion: A large variation in the absorbed dose to the kidneys per administered activity was found after therapy with 177Lu-octreotate. The results clearly show that treatment planning and treatment follow-up is necessary for each patient for individual optimisation of the treatment.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Larsson, Maria, 1972
(författare)
-
Dosimetric estimation of kidney dose after patient treatments with 177Lu- DOTA, Tyr3-octreotate on neuroendocrine somatostatin-Receptor-Expressing tumour
- 2008
-
Ingår i: workshop: Quantitative imaging and dosimetry in Nuclear Medicine.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- 177Lu-DOTA, Tyr3-octreotate (177Lu-DOTATATE) has recently been introduced for therapy of neuroendocrine, somatostatin-receptor-expressing tumours, in Sweden. 177Lu-DOTATE is mainly secret through the kidneys and there is a reabsorbtion and an accumulation in the kidney cortex. Kidney toxicity is the mean limiting factor for 177Lu-DOTATE cancer treatment. To avoid negative effects of 177Lu- DOTATE and to determine the tolerance dose there is a need for knowledge of the 177Lu- DOTATE-distribution in the kidney along with dosimetric and radiobiological data. Encouraging therapeutic results from 177Lu-DOTATE treatment have been received, with high absorbed dose to the tumour and effective reduction of tumour size and even cure for some patients. It has also been seen that treated patients with advanced tumour burden experienced relive of pain and enhanced quality of life. Knowledge about the tolerance dose increases accuracy in the treatment of neuroendocrine cancer tumours. The aim of this study is to estimate the kidney dose and examine how many time-points that are necessary. Method 26 patients received 177Lu-DOTATE, activity of 8000 MBq 177Lu- DOTATE in four fractions. They also received lysin 2.5% and arginin 2.5% in NaCl solution, infusion 250ml/h 30 minutes before 177Lu-DOTATE, for four hours. This blocks the kidney uptake and thereby the kidney reabsorbtion is lowered. Whole body planar gamma camera (Picker Irix) images at nuclear medicine apartment (Sahlgrenska University hospital), were taken day one, two three and seven. Biological half-life in the kidney where obtained and a Conjugate view method was used to calculate the dose to the kidney. One time-point at a time was excluded when estimating the necessity of all images in the dosimetry calculation and compared with calculation with all time-points included. Results The result shows a large individual variation in kidney dose, of 2.2-18.4 Gy with a mean of 7.6 Gy for either right or left kidney. There is also a small variation of 2% between right and left kidney for some patients. Twenty patients have completed their treatment and only eight received four fractions of treatment. Ten patients received a lower activity, due to high calculated kidney doses. Excluding images day seven the dose to the kidney deviates up to 23%. Conclusion A large variation in kidney dose was found therefore an individual calculation is necessary. Of the four time-points for imaging day two and seven were the most important.
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| 35. |
- Larsson, Maria, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Estimation of absorbed dose to the kidneys in patients after treatment with 177Lu-octreotate: comparison between methods based on planar scintigraphy.
- 2012
-
Ingår i: EJNMMI research. - 2191-219X. ; 2:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Lu-[DOTA0, Tyr3]-octreotate (177Lu-octreotate) is used to treat neuroendocrine tumors with high somatostatin-receptor expression. 177Lu-octreotate is mainly excreted via the kidneys, but to some extent, accumulates in the kidney cortex due to, e.g., tubular reabsorption. Renal toxicity is one of the main limiting factors in 177Lu-octreotate treatment. Further knowledge of the biodistribution and dosimetry of 177Lu-octreotate in individual patients is needed. The aim of this study was to estimate the absorbed dose to the kidneys and compare the results obtained with planar imaging and different dosimetric methods: (1) conjugate-view (CV) method using patient-specific kidney sizes, (2) PA method, based on posterior images only, (3) CV method with reduced number of time points (CVreduced data), and (4) CV method using standard kidney sizes (CVstandard size). METHODS: Totally, 33 patients each received 3.4 to 8.2 GBq of 177Lu-octreotate up to five times, with infusion of lysine and arginine to block the renal uptake. Whole-body planar gamma camera images were acquired on days 0, 1, 2, and 7. The 177Lu concentration in the kidneys was determined by the CV method, and the absorbed dose was estimated with patient-specific organ sizes. Comparison to the CV method was made using posterior images only, together with the influence of the number of time points and with standard organ sizes. RESULTS: Large interindividual variations were found in the time-activity curve pattern and in the absorbed dose to the kidneys using the CV method: 0.33 to 2.4 Gy/GBq (mean 0.80 Gy/GBq, SD = 0.30). In the individual patient, the mean deviation of all subsequent kidney doses compared to that of the first administration was 1 % (SD 19 %) and 5 % (SD 23 %) for the right and left kidneys, respectively. Excluding data for day 7 resulted in large variations in the absorbed dose. CONCLUSION: Large interindividual variations in kidney dose were found, demonstrating the need for patient-specific dosimetry and treatment planning.
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| 36. |
- Larsson, Maria, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Evaluation of novel radiation protection devices during radiologically guided interventions
- 2024
-
Ingår i: CVIR ENDOVASCULAR. - 2520-8934. ; 7:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundIn radiologically guided interventions, medical practitioners are subjected to radiation exposure, which may lead to radiation-induced diseases. In this study, novel radiation shields for the head and neck were evaluated for their potential to reduce radiation exposure.MethodAn anthropomorphic phantom was exposed on its left side to scattered radiation from beneath to simulate the exposure of an operator in a x-ray operating room. Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) were positioned at different depths in five slices in the phantom, measuring personal dose equivalent. Two different set up situations were evaluated: a head protector designed to reduce radiation in the upper section of the head; and a novel thyroid protector prototype extended in the front and on both sides, designed to reduce radiation in the lower and middle sections of the head. A standard thyroid collar prototype and a ceiling mounted lead glass shield were used as comparisons.Furthermore, the head protector was evaluated in a clinical study in which TLDs were positioned to measure scattered radiation exposure to the heads of operators during endovascular interventions.MethodAn anthropomorphic phantom was exposed on its left side to scattered radiation from beneath to simulate the exposure of an operator in a x-ray operating room. Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) were positioned at different depths in five slices in the phantom, measuring personal dose equivalent. Two different set up situations were evaluated: a head protector designed to reduce radiation in the upper section of the head; and a novel thyroid protector prototype extended in the front and on both sides, designed to reduce radiation in the lower and middle sections of the head. A standard thyroid collar prototype and a ceiling mounted lead glass shield were used as comparisons.Furthermore, the head protector was evaluated in a clinical study in which TLDs were positioned to measure scattered radiation exposure to the heads of operators during endovascular interventions.ResultsThe extended thyroid protector reduced the scattered radiation in the throat, chin, and ear slices. Some shielding effect was seen in the brain and skull slices. The head protector showed a shielding effect in the skull slice up to two cm depth where it covered the phantom head. As expected, the ceiling mounted lead glass shield reduced the scattered radiation in all measuring points.ConclusionsA ceiling mounted lead glass shield is an effective radiation protection for the head, but in clinical practice, optimal positioning of a ceiling mounted lead shield may not always be possible, particularly during complex cases when radiation protection may be most relevant. Added protection using these novel guards may compliment the shielding effect of the ceiling mounted lead shield. The head protector stand-alone did not provide sufficient protection of the head. The extended thyroid protector stand-alone provided sufficient protection in the lower and middle sections of the head and neck.
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| 37. |
- Larsson, Maria, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Kidney toxicity in mice treated with 177Lu-octreotate
- 2012
-
Ingår i: 25th Annual Congress on European Association of Nuclear Medicine, Milano, Italy, October 27-31, 2012 . (European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging). - 1619-7070.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 38. |
- Larsson, Maria, 1972
(författare)
-
Therapy with 177Lu-octreotate - pharmacokinetics, dosimetry and kidney toxicity
- 2014
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- 177Lu-octreotate is used for treatment of patients with somatostatin receptor expressing neuroendocrine tumors in some clinics using a standard schedule. Renal and bone marrow toxicity are the main limiting factors. Results are in general positive, but no optimization of treatment schedule has been performed and animal studies suggest that higher cure rate might be possible. To optimize the treatment and minimize toxicity, individual biodistribution and dosimetric data are needed. The biological effects on kidney tissue of 177Lu must be studied, together with better ways to block the radionuclide retention in kidneys. The aims of the project were to determine the pharmacokinetics in patients and to perform dosimetric estimations for kidneys, bone marrow, liver, spleen and tumors after 177Lu-octreotate administration, to examine the radiobiological effects of 177Lu in the kidneys in an animal model, and to study how kidney blocking agents lysine and dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) affect the uptake of111In-octreotide in the kidneys. The pharmacokinetics in patients who received 3.5-8 GBq 177Lu-octreotate up to six times combined with amino acids for kidney blocking, were determined using planar scintigraphy and conjugate view method. Large individual variations were observed in absorbed dose per administered activity to all tissues, e.g. 0.33-2.4 Gy/GBq to kidneys, 0.047-0.54 Gy/GBq to liver, 0.28-4.4 Gy/GBq to spleen, and 0.010-0.093 Gy/GBq to bone marrow. Tumors received up to 20 Gy/GBq. Long-term effects on the kidneys after injection of 0-150 MBq 177Lu–octreotate were evaluated in normal mice. Effects on renal functions, e.g. glomerular filtration, reabsorption, and excretion were observed after high administered activity using 99mTc-DTPA–scintigraphy and urea level in blood. Results may be important for defining potential biomarkers for early prediction of late renal toxicity and impairment. Blocking of the uptake of 111In-octreotide in the kidneys was studied in normal mice using lysine and DMSA. The results indicated that the uptake of 111In depends on the amount of lysine and DMSA administered, and the time for injection of respective agent. Lysine combined with DMSA did not give better blocking, probably due to less optimal time schedule. In conclusion, this work demonstrates the importance and some possibilities to optimize treatment of patients with neuroendocrine tumors using 177Lu-octreotate.
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| 39. |
- Ledman, Kristina, 1972-
(författare)
-
Historia för yrkesprogrammen : Innehåll och betydelse i policy och praktik
- 2015
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis offers critical perspectives on a history syllabus for vocational education and training (VET) tracks in Swedish upper secondary schools and adds to our knowledge and understanding of the educative function of history education for the individual and for society. The overall aim of this thesis is to critically investigate discourses that are voiced in different fields about the construction and reproduction of the history curriculum in VET tracks. A general question addressed is how vertical (critical and theoretical) and horizontal knowledge is articulated by the discourses in terms of the meaning of history in a VET context. The following four research questions were the focus of the four different studies in this thesis: How were non-vocational subjects discussed on a policy level during the post-war period, and what meanings were ascribed to history education? What aspects of history as a field of knowledge are recontextualised into a pedagogic discourse for the VET curriculum? How do teachers perceive the history syllabus? What do the students express concerning the history syllabus and history education? The results of these studies are reported in separate papers, and the aggregated results are analysed in this thesis. The data consisted of government bills and committee reports, material from the National Agency of Education archives, and interview data gathered through interviews with 5 teachers and 46 students. The major theoretical inspiration comes from Basil Bernstein whose theories of classification and framing, pedagogic discourse, pedagogic code, and vertical and horizontal discourses are used in the analysis. With the aid of these concepts, the content and meaning of history education for VET are connected to macro levels of education, and the way in which education reproduces social order when certain forms of knowledge are distributed to different groups in society is discussed. Three major conclusions are drawn. First, history as a pedagogic discourse comes forward as versatile and contradictory when the results from the studies are aggregated. There is, however, a shared understanding that the meaning of history in VET is to educate the students to become democratic and active citizens. Secondly, the investigated discourses ascribe history education with the potential to distribute critical and powerful knowledge. The students see a value for history education in their future as citizens and for giving them access the public conversation of society. A final conclusion is that the pedagogic code, embedded in the history curriculum, can be interpreted in two different ways. The emphasis on competencies and the focus on the last two hundred years can be interpreted as (A) an expression of a wish for immediate utility and thus an instrumental view of education or (B) the recontextualisation of scientific theories, concepts, and practices into a pedagogic discourse as a means to give students access to disciplinary (powerful) knowledge.
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| 40. |
- Lindvall, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparisons of weight change, eating habits and physical activity between women in Northern Sweden and Rural New York State-results from a longitudinal study
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Nutrition Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1475-2891. ; 14:88
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Previous research has focused exclusively on weight loss or weight maintenance following weight loss, i.e. secondary weight maintenance (SWM). The long-term results of SWM have been modest, suggesting that preventing initial weight gain among normal weight or overweight individuals, i.e. primary weight maintenance (PWM), may be more successful. The aim of this study was to compare the pattern of weight change between Swedish and US women and to contrast eating and physical activity between the two countries. Methods: A questionnaire of attitudes, strategies and behaviours regarding physical activity, food habits, body image and demands to maintain weight was mailed to 4021 Swedish and 3199 US individuals. Subjects had weight measurements taken 10 years apart in the Vasterbotten Intervention Programme in northern Sweden, and self-reported weight as part of the Upstate Health and Wellness Study in Upstate New York. The mean 10-year percent weight change, and weight change in kilograms, were calculated between the two countries for nine female age (30, 40, 50 years at baseline) by BMI (20-25, 25-30, 30-35) groups. For the Swedish/US pair showing the largest differences in these two endpoints, analysis of variance, correlations and chi-square tests identified likely contributors to the observed differences in weight change. Results: For all subgroups combined, the mean percent weight changes for Swedish women and US women were 4.9 % (SD = 5.8) and 9.1 % (SD = 13.7) respectively (p<0.001). Differences in 10 year weight change between the two countries were largest among normal weight 30 year olds. Eight variables were identified as likely contributors to this difference. A significantly higher proportion of Swedish women selected the healthy alternatives for these eight variables. Percent weight change varied considerably over healthy versus unhealthy response levels in the US, but not in Sweden. Conclusions: The prevalence of obesity among the Swedish women did not progress as rapidly as among the US. The greatest weight gain occurred predominantly among the 30 year old groups. The Swedish women tended to select healthier alternatives than their US counterparts, and women in the US appeared to be more vulnerable to the effects of unhealthy habits than women in Sweden.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Lindvall, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
-
Weight maintenance as a tight rope walk - a Grounded Theory study.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: BMC public health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Overweight and obesity are considerable public health problems internationally as well as in Sweden. The long-term results of obesity treatment are modest as reported by other studies. The importance of extending the focus to not only comprise obesity treatment but also prevention of weight gain is therefore being emphasized. However, despite the suggested change in focus there is still no consensus on how to prevent obesity or maintain weight. This study reports findings from a qualitative study focusing on attitudes, behaviors and strategies important for primary weight maintenance in a middle-aged population.
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| 43. |
- Nyström, Christine Delisle, et al.
(författare)
-
Results From Sweden's 2016 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth.
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Journal of physical activity & health. - : Human Kinetics. - 1543-5474 .- 1543-3080. ; 13:11 Suppl 2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 2016 Swedish Report Card on Physical Activity (PA) for Children and Youth is a unique compilation of the existing physical and health related data in Sweden. The aim of this article is to summarize the procedure and results from the report card.Nationally representative surveys and individual studies published between 2005-2015 were included. Eleven PA and health indicators were graded using the Active Healthy Kids Canada grading system. Grades were assigned based on the percentage of children/youth meeting a defined benchmark (A: 81% to 100%, B: 61% to 80%, C: 41% to 60%, D: 21% to 40%, F: 0% to 20%, or incomplete (INC).The assigned grades were Overall Physical Activity, D; Organized Sport Participation, B+; Active Play, INC; Active Transportation, C+; Sedentary Behaviors, C; Family and Peers, INC; School, C+; Community and the Built Environment, B; Government Strategies and Investments, B; Diet, C-; and Obesity, D.The included data provides some support that overall PA is too low and sedentary behavior is too high for almost all age groups in Sweden, even with the many national policies as well as an environment that is favorable to the promotion of PA.
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| 44. |
- Palm, Maria, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
-
A longitudinal study of plasma levels of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt1), placental growth factor (PlGF), sFlt1 : PlGF ratio and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) in normal pregnancy
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6349 .- 1600-0412. ; 90:11, s. 1244-1251
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To describe plasma levels of angiogenic (PlGF, VEGF-A) and anti-angiogenic (sFlt1) factors as well as the sFlt1:PlGF ratio throughout normal pregnancy and postpartum. Design: Longitudinal prospective study. Setting: One outpatient antenatal clinic in Uppsala, Sweden. Population: Thirty-seven healthy women with normal pregnancies and normal neonatal outcome were included. Methods: Blood samples were collected from each woman at least six times. Plasma levels of sFlt1, PlGF and VEGF-A were measured using commercially available ELISA kits. Main outcome measures. Median plasma levels, the 25th to the 75th percentile and the average change per gestational week of sFlt1, PlGF and the sFlt1:PlGF ratio. Results: sFlt1 levels were relatively constant until weeks 29-30, when they increased, reaching a peak at week 40. An increase of 643pg/ml per week was observed from weeks 30 to 40. Postpartum levels were low. PlGF increased by 16pg/ml per week from early pregnancy until weeks 29-30 and thereafter decreased by 14pg/ml per week until week 40. The sFlt1:PlGF ratio decreased from weeks 9-12, was constantly low from weeks 19-20 to 37-38 and then increased to weeks 39-40. VEGF-A was detectable in only 8% of the samples during pregnancy and in 64% postpartum. Conclusion: This longitudinal study demonstrates how sFlt1, PlGF and the sFlt1:PlGF ratio fluctuate throughout normal pregnancy and postpartum and may serve as a reference against which these factors can be studied in complicated pregnancies. VEGF-A levels were more often detectable postpartum.
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| 45. |
- Persdotter, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Rätten till en skälig levnadsnivå i förhandling
- 2023
-
Ingår i: De sociala rättigheternas politik. - Malmö : Gleerups Utbildning AB. - 9789151109855 ; , s. 85-102
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 46. |
- Persson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
A qualitative study on health care providers' experiences of providing comprehensive abortion care in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Conflict and Health. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1752-1505. ; 15
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Humanitarian settings are characterised by limited access to comprehensive abortion care. At the same time, humanitarian settings can increase the vulnerability of women and girls to unintended pregnancies and unsafe abortions. Humanitarian actors and health care providers can play important roles in ensuring the availability and accessibility of abortion-related care. This study explores health care providers' perceptions and experiences of providing comprehensive abortion care in a humanitarian setting in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh and identifies barriers and facilitators in service provision.Method: In-depth interviews (n = 24) were conducted with health care providers (n = 19) providing comprehensive abortion care to Rohingya refugee women and with key informants (n = 5), who were employed by an organisation involved in the humanitarian response. Data were analysed using an inductive content analysis approach.Results: The national menstrual regulation policy provided a favourable legal environment and facilitated the provision of comprehensive abortion care, while the Mexico City policy created organisational barriers since it made organisations unable or unwilling to provide the full comprehensive abortion care package. Supplies were available, but a lack of space created a barrier to service provision. Although training from organisations had made the health care providers confident and competent and had facilitated the provision of services, their knowledge of the national abortion law and menstrual regulation policy was limited and created a barrier to comprehensive abortion services. Even though the health care providers were willing to provide comprehensive abortion care and had acquired skills and applied strategies to communicate with and provide care to Rohingya women, their personal beliefs and their perceptions of Rohingya women influenced their provision of care.Conclusion: The availability and accessibility of comprehensive abortion care was limited by unfavourable abortion policies, a lack of privacy, a lack of knowledge of abortion laws and policies, health care providers' personal beliefs and a lack of cultural safety. To ensure the accessibility and availability of quality services, a comprehensive approach to sexual and reproductive health and rights is needed. Organisations must ensure that health care providers have knowledge of abortion policies and the ability to provide quality care that is woman-centred and non-judgmental.
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| 47. |
- Rafsten, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Gothenburg Very Early Supported Discharge study (GOTVED) : a randomised controlled trial investigating anxiety and overall disability in the first year after stroke
- 2019
-
Ingår i: BMC Neurology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2377. ; 19, s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Early supported discharge (ESD) has been shown to be efficient and safe as part of the stroke care pathway. The best results have been seen with a multidisciplinary team and after mild to moderate stroke. However, how very early supported discharge (VESD) works has not been studied. The aim of this study was to investigate whether VESD for stroke patients in need of ongoing individualized rehabilitation affects the level of anxiety and overall disability for the patient compared with ordinary discharge routine.METHODS: A randomized controlled trial was performed with intention to treat analyses comparing VESD and ordinary discharge from hospital. All patients admitted at the stroke care unit at Sahlgrenska University Hospital of Gothenburg between August 2011 and April 2016 were screened. Inclusion occurred on day 4 using a block randomization of 20 and with a blinded assessor. Assessments were made 5 days post-stroke and 3 and 12 months post-stroke. Patients in the VESD group underwent continued rehabilitation in their homes with a multidisciplinary team from the stroke care unit for a maximum of 1 month. The patients in the control group had support as usual after discharge when needed such as home care service and outpatient rehabilitation. The primary outcome was anxiety as assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety subscale (HADS-A). The secondary outcome was the patients' degree of overall disability, measured by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS).RESULTS: No significant differences were found between the groups regarding anxiety at three or 12 months post-stroke (p = 0.811). The overall disability was significantly lower in the VESD group 3 months post-stroke (p = 0.004), compared to the control group. However, there was no significant difference between the groups 1 year post-stroke.CONCLUSIONS: The VESD does not affects the level of anxiety compared to ordinary rehabilitation. The VESD leads to a faster improvement of overall disability compared to ordinary rehabilitation. We suggest considering coordinated VESD for patients with mild to moderate stroke in addition to ordinary rehabilitation as part of the service from a stroke unit.TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinical Trials.gov: NCT01622205. Registered 19 June 2012 (retrospectively registered).
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| 48. |
- Ryve, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Kartläggning av forskning om formativ bedömning, klassrumsundervisning och läromedel i matematik : Delrapport från skolforsk-projektet
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The current project focuses on mathematics education, and is partitioned into three subprojects mapping research on formative assessment, classroom teaching, and curriculum programs in mathematics. The rationale for focusing on these three areas is that they are all highly relevant for understanding and improving Swedish mathematics education and students’ knowing of mathematics. Therefore, the aim of the project is to map research on formative assessment, classroom teaching, and curriculum programs in mathematics education.The methodology of the literature review has been inspired by Gough, Oliver, and Thomas (2013), and we have focused on the mapping on journal articles published on Web of Science (WoS).The results from the sample of articles on formative assessment show that strategies of formative assessment in mathematics are positively correlated to students’ performance in mathematics with medium and large effect sizes. However, based on the current mapping it is difficult to specify aspects of how the formative strategies are to be implemented in order to promote students’ knowing of mathematics.Despite the change in perspective of what constitutes knowledge in mathematics to also include reasoning, problem-solving and communication, the map shows that research is mainly focused on examining teaching methods and their effects on students’ skills in mathematics. A closer examination of the studies that do focus on teaching for supporting students in developing competencies like reasoning and problem-solving shows that connections between and comparison of students’ solutions, as well as teachers’ ways of asking questions to support students in explaining their solutions clearly and in detail, are important for students’ learning of these competencies.A central finding stemming from this review of curriculum programs is the complexity involved in how the programs can support teachers in establishing classroom practices. Curriculum resources and teacher resources, as well as other influencing factors, impact the quality of instruction, and studies have begun to point out how curriculum resources and teacher resources uniquely and jointly impact classroom practices. Multiple research articles have expressed the need for teacher support in implementing curriculum programs, by means of professional development, teacher education and support provided by the curriculum programs themselves. Interesting in this regard is the state of the research field concerning the design of educative curriculum programs, and how teachers make use of such support. Studies have proposed design approaches, regarding both the actual development of educative curriculum programs as well as how to use them in teacher education to support prospective teachers’ development of knowledge. Further, although research has revealed that it is important to prepare for teaching in certain ways, we found very little research that explicitly analyzed how teachers actually prepare for teaching a mathematics lesson.Limitations of the project include: (1) the lack of searching in potentially relevant databases, (2) the fact that a relatively small proportion of articles found in the search have been coded, (3) that we have not engaged in deep considerations as to whether and in what ways results from international research are relevant in the Swedish context, and (4) that we therefore have not been able to synthesize the results of the study. In relation to the Swedish context (Hemmi & Ryve, 2014; Boesen et al., 2014), international research (Hattie, 2009; Smith & Stein, 2011), and the current project’s findings, we recommend that Skolforskningsinstitutet focus on two aspects of great importance for developing students’ knowing of mathematics. First, Skolforskningsinstitutet should synthesize research that supports actors, such as teachers and principals, in acting within school practices. In the case of teachers, support is needed to engage them in actively anticipating students’ thinking, using curriculum programs effectively, introducing mathematical content, acting in group work, formatively assessing students’ learning, and orchestrating whole-class mathematical discussions. Secondly, actors within school practices need support not only in initiating and implementing developments but also in institutionalizing such developments. Skolforskningsinstitutet should specify the kind of support needed in order to ensure that material, routines, competences, and organizations become integral and permanent features of Swedish school practice.
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| 49. |
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Röster om hajj
- 2017
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 50. |
- Schüler, Emil, et al.
(författare)
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Potential Biomarkers for Radiation-Induced Renal Toxicity following 177Lu-Octreotate Administration in Mice.
- 2015
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Ingår i: PloS one. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 10:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- C57BL/6N mice were i.v. injected with 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, or 150 MBq 177Lu-octreotate (0, 16, 29, 40, 48, and 54 Gy to the kidneys). At 4, 8, and 12 months after administration, radiation-induced effects were evaluated in relation to (a) global transcriptional variations in kidney tissues, (b) morphological changes in the kidneys, (c) changes in white and red blood cell count as well as blood levels of urea, and (d) changes in renal function using 99mTc-DTPA/99mTc-DMSA scintigraphy.
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