| 1. |
- Anglert, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Att lägga ut diskursen i landskapet
- 2006
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Ingår i: Centraliteter. Människor, strategier och landskap.. - 917209429X ; , s. 13-50
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- An introductory chapter in a book about centrality in the Late Iron Age and the Early Middle Ages. The chapter focusses on concept formation regarding centrality, hierarchy and heterarchy, the landscape, complexity, aristocratization and urbanization.
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| 2. |
- Latini, Francesco, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Segmentation of the inferior longitudinal fasciculus in the human brain : A white matter dissection and diffusion tensor tractography study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Brain Research. - : Elsevier. - 0006-8993 .- 1872-6240. ; 1675, s. 102-115
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The inferior longitudinal fascicle (ILF) is one of the major occipital-temporal association pathways. Several studies have mapped its hierarchical segmentation to specific functions. There is, however, no consensus regarding a detailed description of ILF fibre organisation. The aim of this study was to establish whether the ILF has a constant number of subcomponents. A secondary aim was to determine the quantitative diffusion proprieties of each subcomponent and assess their anatomical trajectories and connectivity patterns. A white matter dissection of 14 post-mortem normal human hemispheres was conducted to define the course of the ILF and its subcomponents. These anatomical results were then investigated in 24 right-handed, healthy volunteers using in vivo diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and streamline tractography. Fractional anisotropy (FA), volume, fibre length and the symmetry coefficient of each fibre group were analysed. In order to show the connectivity pattern of the ILF, we also conducted an analysis of the cortical terminations of each segment. We confirmed that the main structure of the ILF is composed of three constant components reflecting the occipital terminations: the fusiform, the lingual and the dorsolateral-occipital. ILF volume was significantly lateralised to the right. The examined indices of ILF subcomponents did not show any significant difference in lateralisation. The connectivity pattern and the quantitative distribution of ILF subcomponents suggest a pivotal role for this bundle in integrating information from highly specialised modular visual areas with activity in anterior temporal territory, which has been previously shown to be important for memory and emotions.
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| 3. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 4. |
- Abarenkov, Kessy, et al.
(författare)
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Annotating public fungal ITS sequences from the built environment according to the MIxS-Built Environment standard – a report from a May 23-24, 2016 workshop (Gothenburg, Sweden)
- 2016
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Ingår i: MycoKeys. - : Pensoft Publishers. - 1314-4057 .- 1314-4049. ; 16, s. 1-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent molecular studies have identified substantial fungal diversity in indoor environments. Fungi and fungal particles have been linked to a range of potentially unwanted effects in the built environment, including asthma, decay of building materials, and food spoilage. The study of the built mycobiome is hampered by a number of constraints, one of which is the poor state of the metadata annotation of fungal DNA sequences from the built environment in public databases. In order to enable precise interrogation of such data – for example, “retrieve all fungal sequences recovered from bathrooms” – a workshop was organized at the University of Gothenburg (May 23-24, 2016) to annotate public fungal barcode (ITS) sequences according to the MIxS-Built Environment annotation standard (http://gensc.org/mixs/). The 36 participants assembled a total of 45,488 data points from the published literature, including the addition of 8,430 instances of countries of collection from a total of 83 countries, 5,801 instances of building types, and 3,876 instances of surface-air contaminants. The results were implemented in the UNITE database for molecular identification of fungi (http://unite.ut.ee) and were shared with other online resources. Data obtained from human/animal pathogenic fungi will furthermore be verified on culture based metadata for subsequent inclusion in the ISHAM-ITS database (http://its.mycologylab.org).
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| 5. |
- Björnsson, Jon Mar, et al.
(författare)
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Reduced proliferative capacity of hematopoietic stem cells deficient in hoxb3 and hoxb4
- 2003
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Ingår i: Blood. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 23:11, s. 3872-3883
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several homeobox transcription factors, such as HOXB3 and HOXB4, have been implicated in regulation of hematopoiesis. In support of this, studies show that overexpression of HOXB4 strongly enhances hematopoietic stem cell regeneration. Here we find that mice deficient in both Hoxb3 and Hoxb4 have defects in endogenous hematopoiesis with reduced cellularity in hematopoietic organs and diminished number of hematopoietic progenitors without perturbing lineage commitment. Analysis of embryonic day 14.5 fetal livers revealed a significant reduction in the hematopoietic stem cell pool, suggesting that the reduction in cellularity observed postnatally is due to insufficient expansion during fetal development. Primitive Lin(-) Scal(+) c-kit(+) hematopoietic progenitors lacking Hoxb3 and Hoxb4 displayed impaired proliferative capacity in vitro. Similarly, in vivo repopulating studies of Hoxb3/Hoxb4-deficient hematopoietic cells resulted in lower repopulating capability compared to normal littermates. Since no defects in homing were observed, these results suggest a slower regeneration of mutant HSC. Furthermore, treatment with cytostatic drugs demonstrated slower cell cycle kinetics of hematopoietic stem cells deficient in Hoxb3 and Hoxb4, resulting in increased tolerance to antimitotic drugs. Collectively, these data suggest a direct physiological role of Hoxb4 and Hoxb3 in regulating stem cell regeneration and that these genes are required for maximal proliferative response.
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| 6. |
- Bladh, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Staten, finansmarknaden och Stadshypotek
- 2002
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Ingår i: I takt och otakt med tiden. - : Ekerlids förlag, Stockholm. - 9189617193
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Böör, Katalin, et al.
(författare)
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Chemical vapor deposition of TiN on a CoCrFeNi multi-principal element alloy substrate
- 2020
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Ingår i: Surface and Coatings Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0257-8972 .- 1879-3347. ; 393
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The reactivity of a quaternary multi-principal element alloy (MPEA), CoCrFeNi, as a substrate in thermal halide chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes for titanium nitride (TiN) coatings was studied. The coatings were deposited at 850 °C–950 °C using TiCl4, H2 and N2 precursors. The coating microstructures were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM/TEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Thermodynamic calculations of substrate and coating stability for a gas phase environment of N2 and H2 within a temperature range relevant for the experiments showed that Cr is expected to form hexagonal Cr2N and cubic (Ti1−ε1Crε1)N or (Cr1−ε2Tiε2)N phases. These phases could however not be discerned in the samples by XRD after the depositions. Cr was detected at the grain boundaries and the top surface by EDS for a sample synthesized at 950 °C. Grain boundary and surface diffusion, respectively, were the suggested mechanisms for Cr transport into the coating and onto the top surface. Although thermodynamic calculations indicated that Cr is the most easily etched component of the CoCrFeNi alloy to form gaseous chlorides in similar concentrations to that of the residual Ti-chlorides, no sign of etching were found according to the imaging of the sample cross-sections using SEM and TEM. Cross-section and top surface images further confirmed that the choice of substrate had no significant detrimental influence on the film growth or microstructure.
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| 9. |
- Dwibedi, Chinmay Kumar, et al.
(författare)
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Biological amplification of low frequency mutations unravels laboratory culture history of the bio-threat agent Francisella tularensis
- 2020
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Ingår i: Forensic Science International. - : Elsevier. - 1872-4973 .- 1878-0326. ; 45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Challenges of investigating a suspected bio attack include establishing if microorganisms have been cultured to produce attack material and to identify their source. Addressing both issues, we have investigated genetic variations that emerge during laboratory culturing of the bacterial pathogen Francisella tularensis. Key aims were to identify genetic variations that are characteristic of laboratory culturing and explore the possibility of using biological amplification to identify genetic variation present at exceedingly low frequencies in a source sample. We used parallel serial passage experiments and high-throughput sequencing of F. tularensis to explore the genetic variation. We found that during early laboratory culture passages of F. tularensis, gene duplications emerged in the pathogen genome followed by single-nucleotide polymorphisms in genes for bacterial capsule synthesis. Based on a biological enrichment scheme and the use of high-throughput sequencing, we identified genetic variation that likely pre-existed in a source sample. The results support that capsule synthesis gene mutations are common during laboratory culture, and that a biological amplification strategy is useful for linking a F. tularensis sample to a specific laboratory variant among many highly similar variants.
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| 10. |
- Eklund, Magnus, 1976-
(författare)
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Adoption of the Innovation System Concept in Sweden
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In 2001 Sweden founded the government agency of VINNOVA, named after the OECD-endorsed innovation system concept. Criticising the common assumption that countries are passive and uncritical recipients of the approaches promoted by the OECD, this dissertation tries to show that Swedish actors were in fact very active and strategic as they contributed to the national adoption of the concept. With inspiration from conceptual history and Quentin Skinner’s analysis of the rhetorical use of concepts, this study focuses on the research funding reform process between 1995 and 2001, investigating how actors trying to defend the contested institution of sectoral research used the innovation system concept to rhetorically legitimise their project. To compare these uses with earlier ways of discussing innovation in Sweden, the innovation debate that arose in relation to the industrial crises of the 1970s and 1990s has also been studied. It was found that the early Swedish innovation debate had paid little attention to the university sector. When Research 2000 in 1998 proposed that researcher-dominated research councils should be given control over sectoral research funding, a coalition in favour of industrially relevant research mobilised to protect its influence over research funding. The concept was now appropriated and used to rhetorically reframe the universities as part of a system with the main function of promoting innovations. By using the concept it was also possible to draw on the legitimacy offered by the OECD and science.
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| 11. |
- Hedegård, Joakim, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of internal microfissures on fatigue life
- 2009
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Ingår i: Welding in the World. - 0043-2288 .- 1878-6669. ; 53, s. R209-R220
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The influence of microfissures on the fatigue strength of submerged arc weids in two high-alloyed, austenitic stainless steels has been studied. It was shown that internal microfissures in the weld metal can have a significant influence on the fatigue strength of the joint when the weld geometry is omitted (machined flat).. Still, all test series showed good fatigue performance and reached better results than expected. Three of the four fatigue series reached a loading capacity close to Rp0.2 for the base metal and one of the series reached levels close to Rp0.2 for the weld metal.
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| 12. |
- Hulkko, Johan G., et al.
(författare)
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Low-pressure CVD of (Ti-x,W1-x)Ny from WF6, TiCl4 and NH3
- 2022
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Ingår i: Surface & Coatings Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0257-8972 .- 1879-3347. ; 438
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work chemical vapour deposited (CVD) coatings of (Tix,W1-x)Ny from TiCl4, WF6, NH3 and Ar were investigated. This coating material has previously been deposited using other vacuum techniques but no publication has so far demonstrated CVD of (Tix,W1-x)Ny. The studied (Tix,W1-x)Ny coatings had a metallic molar ratio (Ti:W) close to 2:1 and 1:1, and were slightly over-stoichiometric with regard to N. The coatings appeared homogeneous and crystallised in a rock salt structure on an alpha-Al2O3 substrate. The cell parameter varied between 4.16 and 4.23 angstrom as a function of the deposition conditions, ranging from a pure TiNx to a pure WNx coating. The texture in the normal direction was (100) for the TiNx and (Tix,W1-x)Ny coatings and (111) for WNx. Electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) results showed that a strong correlation to the substrate existed but random inplane orientation was also present. The microstructure showed columnar grains with well defined facets growing. Adding a mixture of TiCl4 and WF6 to produce (Tix,W1-x)Ny did increase the grain size significantly when compared to the case when only one metal precursor was present. The down-stream thickness profile, using only WF6 and NH3, displayed mass transport control behaviour, with the coating thickness converging to zero within the deposition zone. Using only TiCl4 on the other hand showed a uniform deposition profile, the signs of a surface kinetics controlled process.
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| 13. |
- Iraeus, Johan, 1973-
(författare)
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Stochastic finite element simulations of real life frontal crashes : With emphasis on chest injury mechanisms in near-side oblique loading conditions
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction. Road traffic injuries are the eighth leading cause of death globally and the leading cause of death among young people aged 15-29. Of individuals killed or injured in road traffic injuries, a large group comprises occupants sustaining a thorax injury in frontal crashes. The elderly are particularly at risk, as they are more fragile. The evaluation of the frontal crash performance of new vehicles is normally based on barrier crash tests. Such tests are only representative of a small portion of real-life crashes, but it is not feasible to test vehicles in all real-life conditions. However, the rapid development of computers opens up possibilities for simulating whole populations of real-life crashes using so-called stochastic simulations. This opportunity leads to the aim of this thesis, which is to develop and validate a simplified, parameterized, stochastic vehicle simulation model for the evaluation of passive restraint systems in real-life frontal crashes with regard to rib fracture injuries.Methods. The work was divided into five phases. In phase one, the geometry and properties of a finite element (FE) generic vehicle buck model were developed based on data from 14 vehicles. In the second phase, a human FE model was validated for oblique frontal crashes. This human FE model was then used to represent the vehicle occupant. In the third phase, vehicle buck boundary conditions were derived based on real-life crash data from the National Automotive Sampling System (NASS) and crash test data from the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. In phase four, a validation reference was developed by creating risk curves for rib fracture in NASS real-life crashes. Next, these risk curves were compared to the risk of rib fractures computed using the generic vehicle buck model. In the final phase, injury mechanisms in nearside oblique frontal crashes were evaluated.Results. In addition to an averaged geometry, parametric distributions for 27 vehicle and boundary condition parameters were developed as guiding properties for the stochastic model. Particular aspects of the boundary conditions such as pulse shape, pulse angle and pulse severity were analyzed in detail. The human FE model validation showed that the kinematics and rib fracture pattern in frontal oblique crashes were acceptable for this study. The validation of the complete FE generic vehicle buck model showed that the model overestimates the risk of rib fractures. However, if the reported under-prediction of rib fractures (50-70%) in the NASS data is accounted for using statistical simulations, the generic vehicle buck model accurately predicts injury risk for senior (70-year-old) occupants. The chest injury mechanisms in nearside oblique frontal crashes were found to be a combination of (I) belt and airbag loading and (II) the chest impacting the side structure. The debut of the second mechanism was found for pulse angles of about 30 degrees.Conclusion. A parameterized FE generic passenger vehicle buck model has been created and validated on a population of real life crashes in terms of rib fracture risk. With the current validation status, this model provides the possibility of developing and evaluating new passive safety systems for fragile senior occupants. Further, an injury mechanism responsible for the increased number of outboard rib fractures seen in small overlap and near-side oblique frontal impacts has been proposed and analyzed.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Larsson, Arvid, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Charge state control of single InAs/GaAs quantum dots by means of an external magnetic field
- 2008
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Ingår i: in PHYSICS OF SEMICONDUCTORS, vol 1199. - : AIP. - 9780735407367 ; , s. 297-298
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Individual InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) are studied with micro-photoluminescence in the presence of an applied external magnetic field. Attention is focused on the redistribution between the spectral lines of a single QD observed at increased external magnetic field when the magnetic field is applied parallel to the growth direction (Faraday geometry). The effect is shown to be transport related as the electron drift velocity in the QD-plane is decreased by the applied magnetic field and this affects the probability for electron capture into the QD.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Larsson, Arvid, et al.
(författare)
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Magnetic field enabled charge state control of single InAs/GaAs quantum dots
- 2009
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Ingår i: 2009 9th IEEE Conference on Nanotechnology, IEEE NANO 2009. ; , s. 510-512
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Micro-photoluminescence in the presence of an external magnetic field is employed to study individual InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs). By varying the strength of the applied magnetic field, the charge state of the QD is tuned from a double negatively charged exciton to a neutral exciton. This effect is shown to be related to carrier transport in the QD-plane prior to capture into the QD. The temperature dependence of the tuning effect is discussed. © 2009 IEEE NANO Organizers.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Larsson, Gunilla, 1960-
(författare)
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Ship and Society : Maritime Ideology in Late Iron Age Sweden
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis analyses the relation between ship and society against a background of ideological and technological changes in Late Iron Age Sweden. It discusses the factors behind the development of ‘a maritime society’, why ships and seafaring came to play an important role that was also reflected in the use of the ship as a symbol and a metaphor in a military context, as well as in religion, administration, jurisdiction and social life. The author argues that this society is disappearing when it is first encountered in the Early Middle Ages, because of a fundamental ideological change.There is a myth about the appearance of the ‘Viking ship’ and the Iron Age seafarer. The ships are supposed to be big and wide. An analysis of the archaeological material presented here shows that this picture is not correct. Instead the ships of the Svear were quite small and built in a way that made them very light. This was a result of shipbuilding methods introduced in the Late Iron Age, and it had consequences for the trade communication network as well as for naval operations. Because of the light ships, it was possible to land on any shallow shore and navigate the shallow rivers in the East.The ship became a key symbol used by the authorities to structure the society for administrative and military purposes, using a terminology based on the Late Iron Age warship.In the Middle Ages, ideology, shipbuilding and seafaring changed. New key symbols were introduced, and they were used by an increasing royal power to consolidate what would become a united Sweden, inspired by feudal Europe.
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| 21. |
- Larsson, Jonas Larsson, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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From Roll to Bag : D5.2 Final Product Construction Report
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This is the final product construction report for the From Roll to Bag project. The purpose of this report is to present the implementation of the new pattern technology to selected products and to present the modularity for consumer selection. For fulfilling the tasks (5.1 and 5.2) two garments where chosen, one jacket and one shirt, and customization options regarding fit, model, colour and function were developed for each of them. This includes implementation of novel pattern technology to products, graphics, a product architecture with customisation options and initial production tests to verify perfect fit in production and later in use. The more challenging part was to guarantee manufacturability as the patterns require automated manufacturing equipment due to their detailed construction and the pattern matching. Such equipment includes a cutter with a scanner that identifies the outline of the printed pattern and cuts accoringly. If garments with less detailed graphics are considered for production, pre-dyed fabrics can be used and that requires less investments in manufacturing equipment. Such set up would miss one point of the project but in the tradeoff between investment cost and product price point it may be a viable solution. The garments and customization modules are also fit for production but in order to achieve a detailed production evaluation with exact production times and material consumption a long run of products is needed. Considerations about customer’s experiences in this type value chains are also discussed.
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| 22. |
- Larsson, L. Arvid, et al.
(författare)
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Temperature and Magnetic Field Effects on the Transport Controlled Charge State of a Single Quantum Dot
- 2010
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Ingår i: NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS. - : Springer Science Business Media. - 1931-7573 .- 1556-276X. ; 5:7, s. 1150-1155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Individual InAs/GaAs quantum dots are studied by micro-photoluminescence. By varying the strength of an applied external magnetic field and/or the temperature, it is demonstrated that the charge state of a single quantum dot can be tuned. This tuning effect is shown to be related to the in-plane electron and hole transport, prior to capture into the quantum dot, since the photo-excited carriers are primarily generated in the barrier.
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| 23. |
- Larsson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Archaeological field survey - methods and problems
- 1992
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Ingår i: The Archaeology of the Cultural Landscape. Field work and research in a south Swedish rural region. - 0065-1001. - 9122015507 ; 19
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The advantages and disadvantages of field survey as a method for locating possible Stone and Bronze Age sites are described. Survey in the spring was favorable for finding Stone Age sites, while autumn survey was more successful for locating Bronze Age sites.
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| 24. |
- Larsson, Mikael, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Determination of the glass transition of powder samples using Dynamic Mechanic Analysis on compacts
- 2010
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Ingår i: Annual Transactions - The Nordic Rheology Society. - 1601-4057. ; 18, s. 59-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Dynamic Mechanic Analysis, DMA, is asensitive method to determine the glasstransition temperature (Tg) of materials.Several different sample geometries such asthree point bending, stretched films orcompressed cylinders, are commonly used.The Tg of a powder is related to its “stickypoint”, i.e. the temperature when the powderparticles interact instead of flowing freely.The determination of powder Tg is notstraightforward using DMA due to thelimiting geometry. Here it is demonstratedthat the Tg of powder samples canbe effectively and correctly determinedby DMA on compacts in compression mode,using a standard wedge shaped probe usuallyutilized in three point bend analysis. Theanalysis of compacts holds the benefits ofanalysing powder samples as received frommanufacturers, being relatively robust withregard to deformation as the materialbecomes rubbery, and enabling easy samplepreparation and handling.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Larsson, Mikael, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of ethanol on the water permeability of controlled release films composed of ethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl cellulose
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-3441 .- 0939-6411. ; 76:3, s. 428-432
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The robustness of controlled release formulations when co-ingested with alcohol is a current concern expressed by regulatory authorities, especially with regard to dose dumping. One such controlled release formulation commonly used is film coating composed of ethyl cellulose (EC) and hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC). The aim of this study was to investigate how the presence of ethanol in the dissolution medium affects the water permeability of such films. Film samples were prepared in various EC–HPC compositions, and the effect of different ethanol concentrations in the dissolution medium on the permeability was studied using a modified Ussing chamber and tritiated water. It was found that the effect of ethanol on the film permeability varied depending on the composition of the films. The results were interpreted in terms of swelling of the EC in the films, where the swelling increased with increasing ethanol concentration. Thus, for films with low HPC content (non-interconnected pores), the water permeability of the films increased with increasing ethanol concentration as the diffusion through the ethyl cellulose increased due to swelling. However, for films with higher HPC content (having interconnected pores through the films), the permeability decreased, likely due to the swelling of the ethyl cellulose blocking the pores. The interpretation of the results was supported by dynamic mechanic analysis and SEM analysis.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Larsson, Mikael, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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High Performance Polysodium Acrylate Superabsorbents Utilizing Microfibrillated Cellulose to Augment Gel Properties
- 2010
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Ingår i: Soft Materials. - 1539-445X .- 1539-4468. ; 8:3, s. 207-225
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Microfibrillated cellulose was utilized at low concentrations as a filler material, added prior to free radical polymerization, in cross-linked superabsorbent polysodium acrylate hydrogels. The effect of microfibrillated cellulose concentration on equilibrium swelling, shear modulus after synthesis, and shear modulus at equilibrium swelling was studied at different degree of cross-linking. For the characterization of the microfibrillated cellulose optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and transmittance analysis were used. The shear modulus of the samples was determined using uniaxial compression analysis. The swelling of the gels was determined using classical gravimetrical measurements. It was found that microfibrillated cellulose was highly efficient in increasing the shear modulus of the gels. Furthermore, the microfibrillated cellulose was found to have the same effect on the swelling and shear modulus at equilibrium swelling as the same mass of the conventional covalent cross-linker N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA), while in fact improving the fracture resistance of the gels. In conclusion, microfibrillated cellulose shows great potential as an additive to enhance the performance of soft materials.
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| 29. |
- Larsson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Magnetic field effects on optical and transport properties in InAs/GaAs quantum dots
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. - 1098-0121. ; 74:24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A photoluminescence study of self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots under the influence of magnetic fields perpendicular and parallel to the dot layer is presented. At low temperatures, the magnetic field perpendicular to the dot layer alters the in-plane transport properties due to localization of carriers in wetting layer (WL) potential fluctuations. Decreased transport in the WL results in a reduced capture into the quantum dots and consequently a weakened dot-related emission. The effect of the magnetic field exhibits a considerable dot density dependence, which confirms the correlation to the in-plane transport properties. An interesting effect is observed at temperatures above approximately 100 K, for which magnetic fields, both perpendicular and parallel to the dot layer, induced an increment of the quantum dot photoluminescence. This effect is ascribed to the magnetic confinement of the exciton wave function, which increases the probability for carrier capture and localization in the dot, but affects also the radiative recombination with a reduced radiative lifetime in the dots under magnetic compression.
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| 30. |
- Larsson, Mats, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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Some observations on failure prediction in sheet metal forming
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of The 6th European LS-DYNA Users' Conference, May 29-30, 2007, Göteborg, Sweden. ; , s. 5.93-5.102
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents results from a FE-study on failure prediction in ductile metal sheets. The studied material, a DP600 dual phase steel, is used throughout the study. The effects of variation of element sizes, material parameters, and friction are shown and discussed. Also results from simulations of in-plane and out-of-plane tests are compared and discussed
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Larsson, Mikael, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of HPMC substitution pattern on solid state properties
- 2010
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Ingår i: Carbohydrate Polymers. - : Elsevier BV. - 0144-8617 .- 1879-1344. ; 82:4, s. 1074-1081
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The solid-state properties were studied for different batches of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). The batches had similar chemical composition, but different degree of heterogeneity with regard to the distribution of the substituents along the polymer chains. The glass transition temperature, Tg, was analysed using a new developed method where dynamic mechanic analysis, DMA, was performed in compression mode on compacts, utilizing a wedge-shaped probe. The method was verified by conventional DMA on films. Molecular interactions were studied using FT-IR. In addition, the water vapour sorption was determined by gravimetric measurements and the plasticization by water vapour was studied on film samples using DMA. The results revealed a linear relationship between increasing Tg and increasing percent glucose liberated after enzyme hydrolysis. The percent glucose liberated can in turn be considered to account for both the heterogeneity of the substituents and the total degree of substitution. The results indicated that more heterogeneously substituted cellulose derivatives and derivates with a lower degree of substitution had stronger interactions between polymer chains. As expected from these results, some small difference in the plasticization by water vapour could be detected. However, no significant differences were found in molecular interactions using FT-IR or in the sorption of water vapour. The correlation between heterogeneity in the distribution of the substituents and Tg is of much interest as heterogeneously substituted batches of HPMC have been previously shown to exhibit very different behaviour in solution and in gelling tablets.
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| 33. |
- Larsson, Pär, et al.
(författare)
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The complete genome sequence of Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia
- 2005
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 37:2, s. 153-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Francisella tularensis is one of the most infectious human pathogens known. In the past, both the former Soviet Union and the US had programs to develop weapons containing the bacterium. We report the complete genome sequence of a highly virulent isolate of F. tularensis (1,892,819 bp). The sequence uncovers previously uncharacterized genes encoding type IV pili, a surface polysaccharide and iron-acquisition systems. Several virulence-associated genes were located in a putative pathogenicity island, which was duplicated in the genome. More than 10% of the putative coding sequences contained insertion-deletion or substitution mutations and seemed to be deteriorating. The genome is rich in IS elements, including IS630 Tc-1 mariner family transposons, which are not expected in a prokaryote. We used a computational method for predicting metabolic pathways and found an unexpectedly high proportion of disrupted pathways, explaining the fastidious nutritional requirements of the bacterium. The loss of biosynthetic pathways indicates that F. tularensis is an obligate host-dependent bacterium in its natural life cycle. Our results have implications for our understanding of how highly virulent human pathogens evolve and will expedite strategies to combat them.
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| 34. |
- Larsson, Torsten, et al.
(författare)
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Intraosseous samples can be used for opioid measurements : An experimental study in the anaesthetized pig
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5513 .- 1502-7686. ; 73:2, s. 102-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim.The intraosseous route provides access to the systemic circulation in an emergency situation when other forms of vascular access are unavailable and there is an urgent need for fluid or drug therapy. The intraosseous access has also been used for collecting samples for laboratory testing. A question that may arise in an unconscious or severely exhausted patient is whether this condition is caused by an unknown drug. We aimed to evaluate whether intraosseous samples could be used to measure opioids and to study the accuracy and precision of such measurements.Methods.Five healthy, anaesthetized pigs were treated with a continuous morphine infusion as part of the anaesthesia procedure. Samples for morphine testing were collected hourly for 6 h from two tibial intraosseous cannulae and a central venous catheter.Results. The differences in morphine concentrations between the two tibial intraosseous cannulae were less than 10% in 32/33 times. The values were also relatively stable over time.Conclusion.Our findings suggest that intraosseous samples can be used for the analysis of opioids if an IV route is not available.
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| 35. |
- Mansouri, Larry, et al.
(författare)
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Functional loss of I kappa B epsilon leads to NF-kappa B deregulation in aggressive chronic lymphocytic leukemia
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Medicine. - : Rockefeller University Press. - 0022-1007 .- 1540-9538. ; 212:6, s. 833-843
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- NF-kappa B is constitutively activated in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL); however, the implicated molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Thus, we performed targeted deep sequencing of 18 core complex genes within the NF-kappa B pathway in a discovery and validation CLL cohort totaling 315 cases. The most frequently mutated gene was NFKBIE (21/315 cases; 7%), which encodes I kappa B epsilon, a negative regulator of NF-kappa B in normal B cells. Strikingly, 13 of these cases carried an identical 4-bp frameshift deletion, resulting in a truncated protein. Screening of an additional 377 CLL cases revealed that NFKBIE aberrations predominated in poor-prognostic patients and were associated with inferior outcome. Minor subclones and/or clonal evolution were also observed, thus potentially linking this recurrent event to disease progression. Compared with wild-type patients, NFKBIE-deleted cases showed reduced I kappa B epsilon protein levels and decreased p65 inhibition, along with increased phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of p65. Considering the central role of B cell receptor (BcR) signaling in CLL pathobiology, it is notable that I kappa B epsilon loss was enriched in aggressive cases with distinctive stereotyped BcR, likely contributing to their poor prognosis, and leading to an altered response to BcR inhibitors. Because NFKBIE deletions were observed in several other B cell lymphomas, our findings suggest a novel common mechanism of NF-kappa B deregulation during lymphomagenesis.
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| 36. |
- Mansouri, Larry, et al.
(författare)
-
Functional loss of IκBε leads to NF-κB deregulation in aggressive chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Medicine. - : Rockefeller University Press. - 1540-9538 .- 0022-1007. ; 212:6, s. 833-843
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- NF-κB is constitutively activated in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL); however, the implicated molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Thus, we performed targeted deep sequencing of 18 core complex genes within the NF-κB pathway in a discovery and validation CLL cohort totaling 315 cases. The most frequently mutated gene was NFKBIE (21/315 cases; 7%), which encodes IκBε, a negative regulator of NF-κB in normal B cells. Strikingly, 13 of these cases carried an identical 4-bp frameshift deletion, resulting in a truncated protein. Screening of an additional 377 CLL cases revealed that NFKBIE aberrations predominated in poor-prognostic patients and were associated with inferior outcome. Minor subclones and/or clonal evolution were also observed, thus potentially linking this recurrent event to disease progression. Compared with wild-type patients, NFKBIE-deleted cases showed reduced IκBε protein levels and decreased p65 inhibition, along with increased phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of p65. Considering the central role of B cell receptor (BcR) signaling in CLL pathobiology, it is notable that IκBε loss was enriched in aggressive cases with distinctive stereotyped BcR, likely contributing to their poor prognosis, and leading to an altered response to BcR inhibitors. Because NFKBIE deletions were observed in several other B cell lymphomas, our findings suggest a novel common mechanism of NF-κB deregulation during lymphomagenesis.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Mattiasson, Kjell, 1948, et al.
(författare)
-
On the prediction of plastic instability in metal sheets
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of NUMIFORM'07, The 9th international conference on numerical methods in industrial forming processes, June 17-21, 2007, Porto, Portugal, AIP Conference proceedings 908. - 9780735404168 ; 1, s. 129-134
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current report presents some results from a study on the prediction of necking failure in ductile metal sheets. In particular methods for creating Forming Limit Curves (FLCs) are discussed in the present report. Three groups of methods are treated: Experimental methods, Theoretical/analytical methods, and the Finite Element Method (FEM). The various methods are applied to two different materials: An aluminum alloy and a high strength steel. These materials do both exhibit a distinct necking behavior before fracture, and they do both exhibit only a small strain rate dependence. As can be expected, the resulting FLCs from the various experimental, theoretical, and numerical methods show a substantial scatter. The reasons for these deviating results are analyzed, and some conclusions are drawn regarding the applicability of the different methods.
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| 40. |
- Mattiasson, Kjell, 1948, et al.
(författare)
-
On the role of strain rate in in FE-simulation of sheet forming processes
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of NUMISHEET 2008, Editor Pavel Hora. - 9783909386802 ; , s. 223-228
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Strain rate dependency of the sheet material is known to have a delaying effect on theformation of necks in the material. This phenomenon is especially strong in highly ductile steel alloys. Thestrain rate effect is rarely considered in commercial simulations of forming processes. However, if thepurpose of the simulation is to predict strain localization and necking, the strain rate effect has to beconsidered. In the current paper a simple inverse approach is suggested for the determination of thematerial’s strain rate dependency. The method assumes that the FLD0, the limit strain at plane strain, isknown from some experiment. The material’s strain rate dependency is then determined from simulations ofa plane strain test in a trial-and-error process. As a faster alternative to performing full FE simulations, theuse of a simple M-K model, consisting of two finite elements, is suggested. Three different functionsdescribing the strain rate hardening effect have been evaluated. The strain rate parameter determined bymeans of the simplified M-K model has been used in full FE simulations of press forming operations. TheFE model is shown to be capable of predicting necking strains in an accurate way.
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| 41. |
- Mattiasson, Kjell, 1948, et al.
(författare)
-
Theoretical and experimental sheet metal failure evaluation
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of IDDRG'07, The international deep drawing research group, May 21-23, 2007, Györ, Hungary. ; , s. 185-194
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present paper some results from an ongoing study on the prediction of necking and fracture in connection to sheet metal forming are presented. The materials used in this study do all show a distinct necking behavior before fracture. In fact, the formation of an incipient neck is here used to define the limit strains. Three groups of methods for defining limit strains are used in this study. These are: experimental methods, theoretical/analytical methods, and Finite Element methods. The various methods are briefly described in the report. Unfortunately, there is a considerable scatter in results between the various groups of methods, and also within the separate groups. These discrepancies are analyzed, and explanations for them are given where possible
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| 42. |
- Mendoza, Patricia, et al.
(författare)
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DamID transcriptional profiling identifies the Snail/Scratch transcription factor Kahuli as an Alk target in the Drosophila visceral mesoderm
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Development. - : The Company of Biologists. - 0950-1991 .- 1477-9129. ; 148:23
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Development of the Drosophila visceral muscle depends on Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (Alk) receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling, which specifies founder cells (FCs) in the circular visceral mesoderm (VM). Although Alk activation by its ligand Jelly Belly (Jeb) is well characterized, few target molecules have been identified. Here, we used targeted DamID (TaDa) to identify Alk targets in embryos overexpressing Jeb versus embryos with abrogated Alk activity, revealing differentially expressed genes, including the Snail/Scratch family transcription factor Kahuli (Kah). We confirmed Kah mRNA and protein expression in the VM, and identified midgut constriction defects in Kah mutants similar to those of pointed (pnt). ChIP and RNA-Seq data analysis defined a Kah target-binding site similar to that of Snail, and identified a set of common target genes putatively regulated by Kah and Pnt during midgut constriction. Taken together, we report a rich dataset of Alk-responsive loci in the embryonic VM and functionally characterize the role of Kah in the regulation of embryonic midgut morphogenesis.
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| 43. |
- Moskalenko, Evgenii, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparative Magneto-Photoluminescence Study of Ensembles and of Individual InAs Quantum Dots
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Nano letters (Print). - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1530-6984 .- 1530-6992. ; 9:1, s. 353-359
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on magneto-photoluminescence studies of InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) of considerably different densities, from dense ensembles down to individual dots. It is found that a magnetic field applied in Faraday geometry decreases the photoluminescence (PL) intensity of OD ensembles, which is not accompanied by the corresponding increase of PL signal of the wetting layer on which ON are grown. The model suggested to explain these data assumes considerably different strengths of suppression of electron and hole fluxes by a magnetic field. This idea has been successfully checked in experiments on individual ON, where the PL spectra allow to directly monitor the charge state of a OD and, hence, to conclude about relative magnitudes of electron and hole fluxes toward the QD. Comparative studies of different individual QDs have revealed that the internal electric field in the sample (which was altered in the experiments in a controllable way) together with an external magnetic field will determine the charge state and emission intensity of the QDs.
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| 44. |
- Moskalenko, Evgenii, et al.
(författare)
-
Effective tuning of the charge state of a single InAs/GaAs quantum dot by an external magnetic field
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 78:7, s. 075306-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A microphotoluminescence study of single InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) in the presence of an applied external magnetic field is presented. Attention is focused on the redistribution between the spectral lines of a single QD observed at increasing magnetic field parallel to the growth direction (Faraday geometry). The redistribution effect is explained by considering the electron drift velocity in the QD plane that affects the probability for capture into the QD. In contrast, no redistribution is observed when applying the magnetic field perpendicular to the growth direction (Voigt geometry).
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Nilsson, Evalill, et al.
(författare)
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SF-36 predicts 13-year CHD incidence in a middle-aged Swedish general population
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Quality of Life Research. - : Springer. - 0962-9343 .- 1573-2649. ; 29, s. 971-975
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeTo study the predictive ability of each of the eight scales of SF-36 on 13-year all-cause mortality and incident coronary heart disease (CHD) in a general middle-aged population.MethodsThe population-based, longitudinal “Life-conditions, Stress and Health” study, in 2003–2004 enrolled 1007 persons aged 45–69 years (50% female), randomly sampled from the general population in Östergötland, Sweden. Variables at baseline included the SF-36 (health-related quality of life, HRQoL) and self-reported disease. Incident CHD (morbidity and mortality) and all-cause mortality data for the study population during the first 13 years from baseline were obtained from national Swedish registries.ResultsSeven of the eight SF-36 scales predicted CHD (sex- and age-adjusted Hazard Ratios up to 2.15; p ≤ 0.05), while only the Physical Functioning scale significantly predicted all-cause mortality. Further adjustments for presence of (self-reported) disease did not, in most cases, alter these significant predictions.ConclusionLow SF-36 scores predict risk of CHD, also after adjustment for present disease, supporting the biopsychosocial model of health and disease. Measures of HRQoL yield important information and can add to the cardiopreventive toolbox, including primary prevention efforts, as it is such a simple and relatively inexpensive tool.
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| 47. |
- Nilsson, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
-
54 forskare: Inte alla klarar höjd pensions-ålder
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Svenska Dagbladet, Stockholm. - 1101-2412.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Ett hållbart och acceptabelt pensionssystem måste utformas utifrån personliga förutsättningar och förhållanden i arbetslivet, så att fler klarar att arbeta i högre ålder. Att enbart genom ekonomiska åtgärder höja pensionsåldern är inte långsiktigt hållbart, skriver 54 forskare.DEBATT | PENSIONForskning visar att cirka var fjärde har en diagnos eller skada orsakad av sitt arbete. Detta gör arbetsorsakad sjukdom och skada till ett betydelsefullt folkhälsoproblem. Att då enbart genom ekonomiska åtgärder höja pensionsåldern för samtliga (yrkes)grupper utifrån deras kronologiska ålder är inte långsiktigt hållbart när individers biologiska ålder är så olika bland annat till följd av arbetslivet. Detta är en demokratifråga. Forskning om äldre i arbetslivet och hållbart arbete visar att man då främst flyttar individer från pensionssystemet till sjukförsäkringssystemet och ökar klyftorna i samhället.Debatt Det här är en argumenterande text med syfte att påverka. Åsikterna som uttrycks är skribentens egna.Vi är 54 forskare som nu gemensamt har skrivit denna debattartikel. Anledningen är att vi är oroade över att cirka var fjärde blir sjuk av sitt arbete samtidigt som man i det förslag som ligger om att senarelägga ålderspensionen i princip utgår ifrån att arbetskraftsdeltagande enbart styrs av ekonomin. Vi vill trycka på betydelsen av åtgärder i arbetslivet för att komma tillrätta med ohälsan, det vill säga inte enbart ekonomiska restriktioner som tvingar folk som inte kan, vill och orkar att stanna kvar i arbetslivet till en högre kronologisk ålder.Pensionssystemet bygger på att vi ska arbeta en viss del av våra liv för att förtjäna möjligheter till pension. Vi bör dock inte enbart utgå ifrån antalet år sedan en person föddes, då korttidsutbildade generellt träder in på arbetsmarknaden tidigare än långtidsutbildade. De har alltså varit en del av arbetskraften från en yngre ålder. Människor med kortare utbildning har oftare ett arbete som innebär påfrestningar som kan inverka negativt på hälsotillståndet och som till och med kan påskynda det biologiska åldrandet. Dessutom lever korttidsutbildade generellt sett inte lika länge som långtidsutbildade, vilket delvis även avspeglar skilda livs- och arbetsvillkor.Den svenska sjukförsäkringsreformen 2008 avsåg att få tillbaka människor i arbete. Men studien fann att den faktiskt bidrog till att fler gick i tidig ålderspension av dem som var i åldern 55–64 år. Ökningen var störst bland korttidsutbildade. Mer än 5 procent fler gick i tidig ålderspension då det blev svårare att få sjukpenning och sjukersättning. Vi kan notera att det är vanligare att manliga chefer tar ut tidig ålderspension, jämfört med kvinnliga maskinskötare inom tillverkningsindustrin. I vissa yrken är det dessutom vanligare att människor, trots pension, både orkar och faktiskt ges möjlighet att arbeta vidare om de har en specialkompetens som efterfrågas. Om vi endast kombinerar ekonomiska morötter med piskor finns en stor risk att vi ökar klyftan mellan grupper som både kan och vill fortsätta att yrkesarbeta och personer som av olika skäl inte längre kan eller orkar.Ta nytta av den forskning som vi har tagit fram. Ett hållbart och acceptabelt pensionssystem måste utformas utifrån personliga förutsättningar och förhållanden i arbetslivet. Ett hållbart arbetsliv för allt fler i vår åldrande befolkning fordrar att vi samtidigt beaktar faktorer som relaterar till biologisk/kroppslig ålder, mental/kognitiv ålder samt social ålder/livsloppsfas och våra attityder som är kopplade till ålder. Vi måste ta större hänsyn till olika förutsättningar och varierande funktionsförmåga och utifrån detta anpassa de åtgärder som gör att arbetslivet blir möjligt och hållbart för allt fler även i högre ålder.”Morötter” är viktigare för en god arbetshälsa och hög produktivitet än en piska i form av oron för en dålig ekonomi.Forskning visar att pedagogik som bygger på ”morötter” oftast är betydligt bättre än ”piskor” för att nå framgångsrika och långsiktiga mål. ”Morötter” i samhället, för organisationer, företag och individer är därför viktiga för god arbetshälsa och fortsatt produktivitet och kan bidra till ett längre arbetsliv även för grupper som tidigare inte ens klarat av att arbeta fram till pensionsåldern. Genom forskning inom området har bland annat swage-modellen utarbetats. Detta är ett verktyg som visar på komplexiteten i ett hållbart arbetsliv och tillsammans med systematiskt arbetsmiljöarbete, handlingsplaner och åtgärder syftar till ett mer hållbart arbetsliv. Morötter är enligt forskningen i detta sammanhang åtgärder för en god fysisk och mental arbetsmiljö, avpassad arbetsbelastning, stödjande teknik, att man kan anpassa arbetstakten, alternativa arbetstidsmodeller vid behov. Det är viktigt att man känner sig trygg och förväntas och tillåts vara delaktig, att man blir sedd av chefen och arbetskamraterna. Att de egna arbetsuppgifterna upplevs som meningsfulla och behövda av andra skapar självförverkligande och tillfredsställelse i arbetet. Att man känner att ens arbetsuppgifter och man själv är viktig för organisationen och företaget. Att man trots högre ålder inkluderas i olika nysatsningar och får tillgång till kompetensutveckling och inte blir åsidosatt eller åldersdiskriminerad. Utvärderingar visar att de äldre medarbetarna som fick några av dessa anpassningar och möjligheter var mer effektiva, utvilade, stimulerade när de var på arbetet samtidigt som sjukfrånvaron minskade. Vilket i sin tur bidrar till ett längre arbetsliv för grupper som tidigare inte klarat av att arbeta fram till pensionsåldern. I organisationer som bygger på en deltagar- och lärandekultur rustas de anställda för att klara omställningar, nya arbetsuppgifter och vid behov även yrkesbyten.Med en åldrande befolkning där allt fler lever allt längre behöver vi arbeta till en högre ålder i framtiden för att pensionssystemet ska hålla. Men ”morötter” är viktigare för en god arbetshälsa och hög produktivitet än en piska i form av oron för en dålig ekonomi. Det kräver också att vi ändrar våra attityder och förhållningssätt till äldre på arbetsmarknaden, vilket vi bäst gör genom att organisationer och företag får incitament till och erbjuder mer individanpassade arbetsvillkor, särskilt för personer i högre ålder. Låt oss därför använda den framtagna kunskapen i praktiken för att göra arbetslivet friskt och hållbart för alla åldrar.
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| 48. |
- Nilsson, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
-
Vi är oroade över senare ålderspension
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Dagens Samhälle. - 1652-6511.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Var fjärde person blir i dag sjuk till följd av sitt arbete. Att höja pensionsåldern för alla yrkesgrupper, utan konkreta åtgärder för att minska ohälsan, är därför problematiskt och mycket oroande. Det är, enligt forskarna, inte långsiktigt samhällsekonomiskt lönsamt att utan andra åtgärder höja pensionsåldern för alla. Vi – 54 forskare – är mycket oroade över konsekvenserna av att, som föreslagits, senarelägga ålderspensionen.Förslaget utgår i princip från arbetskraftsdeltagande i princip enbart styrs av ekonomin, medan forskningen visar att det bara är en av flera faktorer som styr hur länge och hur mycket människor väljer att arbeta.Det här sättet att lösa problemet med en åldrande befolkning och ett sviktande pensionssystem är inte samhällsekonomiskt lönsamt på lång sikt, utan riskerar bara att flytta runt folk mellan olika ersättningssystem. Pensionssystemet bygger på att vi ska arbeta en viss del av våra liv för att tjäna in vår pension. Vi bör dock inte enbart utgå ifrån ålder eller antalet år sedan en person föddes då korttidsutbildade generellt träder in på arbetsmarknaden tidigare än långtidsutbildade. De med kortare utbildningstid har alltså varit en del av arbetskraften från en yngre ålder. Människor med kortare utbildning har också oftare ett arbete som innebär påfrestningar som kan inverka negativt på hälsotillståndet och som till och med kan påskynda det biologiska åldrandet. Dessutom lever korttidsutbildade generellt sett inte lika länge som långtidsutbildade, vilket delvis även avspeglar skilda livs- och arbetsvillkor.Ta nytta av den forskning som vi har tagit fram. Ekonomin är självklart viktigt för att vi ska vilja arbeta, men den är som sagt enbart en av flera faktorer med betydelse vårt arbetsliv.Hälsotillståndet, både det fysiska och det mentala, har en avgörande betydelse för hur länge och hur mycket vi orkar arbeta. Ett fysiskt och mentalt belastande arbete är en stark riskfaktor för en nedsatt hälsa i slutet av arbetslivet. Arbetstid, arbetstakt och möjlighet till återhämtning spelar en allt större roll ju äldre vi blir. Andra aspekter är arbetsinnehåll, hur meningsfulla och stimulerande arbetsuppgifterna är, balansen mellan arbete och familjesituation och fritidsaktiviteter. Organisationskultur, ledarskapet, stöd i arbetet och kompetens har stor betydelse för om vi ska kunna och vilja arbeta till en högre ålder. Vi måste ta större hänsyn till olika förutsättningar och varierande funktionsförmåga och utifrån detta anpassa de åtgärder som gör att arbetslivet blir möjligt och hållbart för allt fler även i högre ålder.Ett hållbart och acceptabelt pensionssystem måste därför utformas utifrån personliga förutsättningar och förhållanden i arbetslivet. Ett hållbart arbetsliv för allt fler i vår åldrande befolkning fordrar att vi samtidigt beaktar faktorer som relaterar till biologisk/kroppslig ålder, mental/kognitiv ålder samt social ålder/livsloppsfas samt de attityder som är kopplade till ålder.
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| 50. |
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