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| 2. |
- Kim, Joon Tae, et al.
(författare)
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Dual antiplatelet Use for extended period taRgeted to AcuTe ischemic stroke with presumed atherosclerotic OrigiN (DURATION) trial : Rationale and design
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Stroke. - : SAGE Publications. - 1747-4930 .- 1747-4949. ; 18:8, s. 1015-1020
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rationale: The optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with clopidogrel-aspirin for the large artery atherosclerotic (LAA) stroke subtype has been debated. Aims: To determine whether the 1-year risk of recurrent vascular events could be reduced by a longer duration of DAPT in patients with the LAA stroke subtype. Methods and study design: A total of 4806 participants will be recruited to detect a statistically significant relative risk reduction of 22% with 80% power and a two-sided alpha error of 0.05, including a 10% loss to follow-up. This is a registry-based, multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded end point study designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a 12-month duration of DAPT compared with a 3-month duration of DAPT in the LAA stroke subtype. Patients will be randomized (1:1) to either DAPT for 12 months or DAPT for 3 months, followed by monotherapy (either aspirin or clopidogrel) for the remaining 9 months. Study outcomes: The primary efficacy outcome of the study is a composite of stroke (ischemic or hemorrhagic), myocardial infarction, and all-cause mortality for 1 year after the index stroke. The secondary efficacy outcomes are (1) stroke, (2) ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack, (3) hemorrhagic stroke, and (4) all-cause mortality. The primary safety outcome is major bleeding. Discussion: This study will help stroke physicians determine the appropriate duration of dual therapy with clopidogrel-aspirin for patients with the LAA stroke subtype. Trial registration: URL: https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris. CRIS Registration Number: KCT0004407.
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| 3. |
- Mahajan, Anubha, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-ancestry genetic study of type 2 diabetes highlights the power of diverse populations for discovery and translation
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Nature. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 54:5, s. 560-572
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We assembled an ancestrally diverse collection of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in 180,834 affected individuals and 1,159,055 controls (48.9% non-European descent) through the Diabetes Meta-Analysis of Trans-Ethnic association studies (DIAMANTE) Consortium. Multi-ancestry GWAS meta-analysis identified 237 loci attaining stringent genome-wide significance (P < 5 x 10(-9)), which were delineated to 338 distinct association signals. Fine-mapping of these signals was enhanced by the increased sample size and expanded population diversity of the multi-ancestry meta-analysis, which localized 54.4% of T2D associations to a single variant with >50% posterior probability. This improved fine-mapping enabled systematic assessment of candidate causal genes and molecular mechanisms through which T2D associations are mediated, laying the foundations for functional investigations. Multi-ancestry genetic risk scores enhanced transferability of T2D prediction across diverse populations. Our study provides a step toward more effective clinical translation of T2D GWAS to improve global health for all, irrespective of genetic background. Genome-wide association and fine-mapping analyses in ancestrally diverse populations implicate candidate causal genes and mechanisms underlying type 2 diabetes. Trans-ancestry genetic risk scores enhance transferability across populations.
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| 4. |
- Jeon, Jae Bum, et al.
(författare)
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Photo-annealed amorphous titanium oxide for perovskite solar cells
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nanoscale. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2040-3364 .- 2040-3372. ; 11:41, s. 19488-19496
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electron selective layers are important to the efficiency, stability and hysteresis of perovskite solar cells. Photo-annealing is a low-cost, roll-to-roll-compatible process that can be applied to the post-treatment fabrication of sol-gel based metal oxide layers. Here, we fabricate an amorphous titanium oxide electron selective layer at a low temperature in a dry atmosphere using a UV light annealing system and compare it with a thermal annealing process. Active oxygen species are created by using UV light to promote hydrolysis and condense the TiO2 precursor, which removes organic ligands effectively. The photo-annealed TiO2-based perovskite solar cell has a power conversion efficiency of 19.37% without hysteresis.
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| 5. |
- Lee, Jun Han, et al.
(författare)
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TPL2 is an oncogenic driver in keratocanthoma and squamous cell carcinoma
- 2016
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Ingår i: Cancer Research. - 0008-5472. ; 76:22, s. 6712-6722
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and keratoacanthoma (KA; SCC/KA) research has been hampered mainly by our lack of understanding the underlying genetic and epigenetic alterations associated with SCC/KA development, as well as the lack of animal models that faithfully recapitulate histopathologic features of human SCC/KA. Here, we show that TPL2 over-expression induced both cell transformation in immortalized human keratinocytes and SCC and KA-like cutaneous SCC (cSCC) development in mice. Mechanistically, activation of TPL2 downstream signaling pathways such as MEK/ERK MAPK, mTOR, NF-κB, and p38 MAPK leads to TPL2-mediated cell transformation in immortalized human keratinocytes and tumorigenesis in mice. Most importantly, TPL2 overexpression is required for iTPL2 TG-driven SCC and KA-like cSCC tumor maintenance, validating TPL2 as a possible drug target for the treatment of SCC/KA. Finally, we verified that TPL2 is over-expressed in human cutaneous metastatic SCC and KA clinical specimens compared with normal skin. Taken together, our results establish TPL2 as an oncogenic driver in SCC/KA development.
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| 6. |
- Kim, Hae Young, et al.
(författare)
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CT in Differentiating Complicated From Uncomplicated Appendicitis: Presence of Any of 10 CT Features Versus Radiologists Gestalt Assessment
- 2019
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Ingår i: American Journal of Roentgenology. - : AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC. - 0361-803X .- 1546-3141. ; 213:5, s. W218-W226
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study is to propose a sensitive CT criterion (the presence of any of 10 CT features) for complicated appendicitis that could be used in the nonoperative management of appendicitis and to compare the diagnostic performance of this sensitive CT criterion with that of gestalt assessment. MATERIALS AND METHODS. This retrospective study, which was conducted in a tertiary teaching hospital, included 100 patients with suspected appendicitis on CT. Complicated appendicitis, defined as gangrenous or perforated appendicitis, was pathologically or surgically confirmed in 32 patients. Six radiologists independently determined the presence of 10 previously reported CT features of complicated appendicitis (contrast enhancement defect of the appendiceal wall, abscess, extraluminal air, intraluminal air, extraluminal appendicolith, intraluminal appendicolith, moderate-to-severe periappendiceal fat stranding, periappendiceal fluid, ileus, and ascites) and rated the likelihood score for complicated appendicitis using gestalt assessment. The sensitivity and specificity of CT for complicated appendicitis were measured by the presence of any of 10 CT features (the any-of-10-features criterion) and by the radiologists gestalt assessment. Pooled sensitivity and specificity were compared using a generalized linear mixed model. RESULTS. The pooled sensitivity of the presence of any of 10 CT features was higher than that of gestalt assessment (92% vs 64%; difference, 28% [95% CI, 10-46%]; p amp;lt; 0.001), although the pooled specificity was lower (43% vs 76%; difference, -33% [95% CI, -48% to -17%]; p amp;lt; 0.001). CONCLUSION. The pooled sensitivity of the presence of any of 10 CT features was higher than that of gestalt assessment, at the cost of lower specificity. For prudent selection of patients who should receive nonoperative treatment of appendicitis, the any-of-10-features criterion may be used to decrease treatment failure associated with a false-negative diagnosis of complication.
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| 8. |
- Duan, Shengchao, et al.
(författare)
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Evolution of nonmetallic inclusions in 80-t 9CrMoCoB large-scale ingots during electroslag remelting process
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials. - : University of Science and Technology Beijing. - 1674-4799 .- 1869-103X. ; 31:7, s. 1525-1539
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In combination with theoretical calculations, experiments were conducted to investigate the evolution behavior of nonmetallic inclusions (NMIs) during the manufacture of large-scale heat-resistant steel ingots using 9CrMoCoB heat-resistant steel and CaF2–CaO–Al2O3–SiO2–B2O3 electroslag remelting (ESR)-type slag in an 80-t industrial ESR furnace. The main types of NMI in the consumable electrode comprised pure alumina, a multiphase oxide consisting of an Al2O3 core and liquid CaO–Al2O3–SiO2–MnO shell, and M23C6 carbides with an MnS core. The Al2O3 and MnS inclusions had higher precipitation temperatures than the M23C6-type carbide under equilibrium and nonequilibrium solidification processes. Therefore, inclusions can act as nucleation sites for carbide layer precipitation. The ESR process completely removed the liquid CaO–Al2O3–SiO2–MnO oxide and MnS inclusion with a carbide shell, and only the Al2O3 inclusions and Al2O3 core with a carbide shell occupied the remelted ingot. The M23C6-type carbides in steel were determined as Cr23C6 based on the analysis of transmission electron microscopy results. The substitution of Cr with W, Fe, or/and Mo in the Cr23C6 lattice caused slight changes in the lattice parameter of the Cr23C6 carbide. Therefore, Cr21.34Fe1.66C6, (Cr19W4)C6, Cr18.4Mo4.6C6, and Cr16Fe5Mo2C6 can match the fraction pattern of Cr23C6 carbide. The Al2O3 inclusions in the remelted ingot formed due to the reduction of CaO, SiO2, and MnO components in the liquid inclusion. The increased Al content in liquid steel or the higher supersaturation degree of Al2O3 precipitation in the remelted ingot than that in the electrode can be attributed to the evaporation of CaF2 and the increase in CaO content in the ESR-type slag.
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| 9. |
- Jung, Young-Eun, et al.
(författare)
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The Korean version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale: An extended validation
- 2012
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Ingår i: Stress and Health. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1532-3005 .- 1532-2998. ; 28:4, s. 319-326
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD‐RISC) is a brief self‐rating questionnaire for measuring resilience. The aims of the present study were to describe the development of a Korean version of the CD‐RISC (K‐CD‐RISC) and to more firmly establish its psychometric properties in terms of reliability and validity. The participants consisted of a general population sample (n = 194) and psychiatric outpatients (n = 127) with non‐psychotic mood or anxiety disorders. The K‐CD‐RISC score means (standard deviation) were 65.9 (13.6) in the general population and 50.4 (20.5) in the psychiatric outpatients. The mean score of the general population was significantly higher than that of the psychiatric outpatients. Exploratory factor analysis revealed five factors, and the obtained factor structure was verified through confirmatory factor analysis. In the general population, the Cronbach's α coefficient of the K‐CD‐RISC was found to be 0.92. Greater resilience was found to be associated with less perceived stress, anxiety and depression and with higher levels of positive affect and purpose in life. Taken together, our findings suggest that the K‐CD‐RISC has good psychometric properties and is a valid and reliable tool for assessing resilience.
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