| 1. |
- Källmén, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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The Prevalence of Alcohol Prevention Efforts in Swedish Workplaces
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Disability Mangement Research. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1833-8550 .- 1834-4887. ; 8:3, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents results from a survey aimed at identifying the extent of alcohol prevention efforts in Swedish workplaces focusing on the dissemination of a model for secondary prevention — the 'Risk Drinking model'. From a random sample of 929 human resource managers at Swedish workplaces, 374 answered a web-based questionnaire (response rate = 40%). Results showed that about 70% had an alcohol policy at their workplace, 51% were engaged in alcohol prevention efforts and about 19% used the Risk Drinking model. Regression analyses showed that large workplaces, workplaces where employees received training on alcohol, public sector and female-dominated workplaces were significantly associated with alcohol prevention activities. We conclude that training is important for the implementation of alcohol prevention at Swedish workplaces, and is of particular importance in small enterprises.
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| 6. |
- Backhans, Mona, et al.
(författare)
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Vem blir nykterist? : Om nykteristen som avvikare
- 2001
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Ingår i: Sociologisk forskning. - : Sveriges Sociologförbund. - 0038-0342 .- 2002-066X. ; 38:1, s. 58-91
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Who becomes an abstainer? On the abstainer as deviantThe principal aim of the study is to find out what the characteristics are of those consumers that later choose to abstain from alcohol. Both cross-sectional and panel data from the level-of-living surveys (LNU) conducted 1968, 1974, 1981 and 1991 are analysed. The results show that those becoming abstainers during the study period have a higher proportion of smokers than the long-term abstainers and, compared to the long-term abstainers and the drinkers, poorer mental health, a higher prevalence of use of minor tranquillizers and a sparser social network. In the beginning of the study period (1968-74) an association was also found between cardiovascular disease and later abstinence. Whereas (physical) health selection has become less obvious over time, the importance of negative psychosocial selection increases, especially for women. The findings underline the importance of distinguishing the new, selected abstainers - former drinkers - from long-term abstainers. This holds true especially in studies of the relationship between alcohol consumption on the one hand and mortality or morbidity on the other hand. It is likely that a majority of the long-term abstainers, of which some are lifetime abstainers, are part of a social context in which abstinence is not seen as deviant, whereas a large proportion of the new abstainers have a problematic life situation. The abstainers’ deviant position says something about the Swedish drinking culture in the last decades of the twentieth century. The fact that the psychosocial selection is so pronounced, and increases over time, reflects a social climate where an ever-decreasing number sees abstinence as an attractive choice.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Carlson, Per, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish crime trends and control policy
- 2000
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Ingår i: Statistics on alcohol, drugs and crime in the Baltic Sea region. - Helsinki : Nordic Council for Alcohol and Drug Research (NAD). - 9515320046
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Külhorn, Eckart, et al.
(författare)
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Allmänhetens bruk av alhohol och psykofarmaka i empirisk belysning
- 1993
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Ingår i: Sociologisk forskning. - : Sveriges Sociologförbund. - 0038-0342 .- 2002-066X. ; 30:1, s. 79-97
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Use of alcohol and psychotropics in SwedenThis study of a representative Swedish sample of 5612 respondents from 1988, shows that the use of psychotropics in the general population is highly associated with bad health, as indicated by chronic diseases, especially the category of mental disorders. Also old age, the perception of bad health and various types of tiredness are strongly associated with the use of psychotropics. In general, the same pattern was found behind use of psychotropics as for other medicines in terms of sickness, perceived health, age, gender. Users of psychotropics also reported many contacts with the health care system. Altogether, the results argue for the interpretation, that psychotropics mainly are used in order to cope with bad health. This may also explain why more females than males use psychotropics. Contrary to psychotropics, alcohol use showed no association with bad health in general. If there are any functional similarities between alcohol and psychotropics, they are found between abstinence from alcohol and use of psychotropics. Also abstinence from alcohol seems to be connected with strategies to cope with health problems. Survey data in general and ours in particular have poor validity with regard to deviant behaviour. In order to study the combined use of alcohol and psychotropics, clinical populations have to be studied. Our data do not allow for any conclusion in this direction.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Leifman, Håkan
(författare)
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A comparative analysis of drinking patterns in six EU countries in the year 2000
- 2002
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Ingår i: Contemporary Drug Problems. - 0091-4509 .- 2163-1808. ; 29:Fall, s. 501-548
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper compares different aspects of drinking habits in six EU countries: France, Italy, Germany, the UK, Finland and Sweden. Frequency of drinking is highest in France and Italy, lowest in Finland and Sweden, and increases with age in France and Italy in particular, but also in Germany. The average consumed quantity per drinking occasion is highest in Finland, Sweden and the UK and lowest in France and Italy, and the youngest show the highest quantity per drinking occasion in most countries. Also intoxication-oriented drinking is most common in Finland, Sweden and the UK, and in all countries except Italy the youngest report the highest frequency of intoxication. The youngest show the highest mean alcohol consumption in Finland, Sweden and the UK, but the lowest in France, Italy and Germany. In all six countries, men consume at least twice as much alcohol as women.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Leifman, Håkan
(författare)
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Alkoholkonsumtion och svartsprit i södra Sverige 1999 : en regional jämförelse
- 2000
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- En beskrivning av förhållandena i södra Sverige. En genomgång av data från självdeklarerade konsumtionsuppgifter ger vid handen att konsumtionen är högre i södra Sverige i slutet av 1990-talet än riket som helhet, vilket inte var fallet i början och mitten av 1990-talet. Det finns också tecken på att den alkoholrelaterade dödligheten ökat i gränsregionerna men inte i övriga landet. Denna utveckling är direkt relaterad till ökningen av den oregistrerade alkoholen. (Från inledningen)
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Leifman, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Drickandets temporala struktur
- 2004
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Ingår i: Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. - Helsingfors : NAT/STAKES. - 1455-0725 .- 1458-6126. ; 21:1, s. 5-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM To study gender- and agespecific variation in, and co-variation between, alcohol consumption and the frequency of binge drinking. METHOD The analyses were mainly based on self-reported data of alcohol consumption and binge drinking collected monthly from general adult population surveys conducted between July 2001 and May 2003. A total of 1500 interviews were completed in the age group 16-80 years each month. RESULTS The Swedish alcohol consumption varies by month with the highest level found during the summer months, particularly July, and in December. This was the same across both genders and for most age groups. A similar pattern was seen for the frequency of binge drinking. CONCLUSIONS The highest frequency of binge drinking by Swedes was found to be during the same months as when they drink the most amount of alcohol. The peak in July is probably due to the fact that this is the typical holiday month in Sweden. The paper discusses the possibility that the temporal drinking patterns in Sweden (and in other Nordic countries) will gradually change in the future, and will keep pace with an increase in both alcohol consumption and the number of drinking occasions.
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| 17. |
- Leifman, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Drinkandets temporala struktur
- 2004
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Ingår i: Nordisk Alkohol- og narkotikatidsskrift (NAT). - 1455-0725 .- 1458-6126. ; 21, s. 5-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 18. |
- Leifman, Håkan
(författare)
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Dryckesmönstren förändras
- 2003
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Ingår i: Alkohol & Narkotika. - 0345-0732. ; 97:3, s. 14-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Leifman, Håkan
(författare)
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EU:s spritvanor hotar folkhälsan
- 2003
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - Stockholm : Aftonbladet Hierta AB. - 1103-9000. ; :1 mars (The Debate page), s. 26-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Det är ingen tillfällighet att svenskarna dricker mer samtidigt som priset på alkohol har gått ner och tillgängligheten ökat. Det handlar om Sveriges medlemskap i EU. Det skriver i dag alkoholforskaren Håkan Leifman på Aftonbladet Debatt. Är det så att folkhälsan alltid kommer på undantag när mäktiga ekonomiska intressen står på spel?
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| 22. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Leifman, Håkan
(författare)
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The European Comparative Alcohol Study
- 2003
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Ingår i: Less is more. - Dublin : Health Promotion Unit, Ministry of Health and Children. ; , s. 12-40
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 32. |
- Leifman, Håkan
(författare)
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The measurement of alcohol-related social problems in Sweden
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of Substance Abuse. - 0899-3289 .- 1873-6491. ; 12:1-2, s. 197-212
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the first decades following the end of World War II, registers were the predominant data source in Sweden for studying alcohol-related problems and, before the abolition of the rationing system, also for mapping drinking habits. This was possible due to the strict individual control system of alcohol that dominated in Sweden for many decades. With the gradual shift from individual control to general control in the 1960s and 1970s, the possibility of using registry data was reduced, and for the past 20 years or so they have almost never been used to study the relationship between drinking and social problems. Instead, not only drinking levels and drinking patterns, but also social problems associated with alcohol, have slowly but to an increasing extent been measured by self-reported questions in general population surveys. This paper discusses experiences gained from working with self-reported survey data on alcohol-related social problems in Sweden for the past few years and describes discrepancies between register- and survey-based analyses. Swedish examples suggest that it is unlikely that survey data can be used successfully to estimate the prevalence of serious alcohol-related social problems in society. Survey data may be more suitable for estimating risks associated with different drinking levels and drinking patterns in the general population on an ordinal level. However, there is still much room for improvement in the Swedish alcohol surveys that include questions on alcohol problems.
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| 33. |
- Leifman, Håkan
(författare)
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The six-country survey of the European comparative alcohol study : comparing patterns and assessing validity
- 2002
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Ingår i: Contemporary Drug Problems. - 0091-4509 .- 2163-1808. ; 29:Fall, s. 477-500
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper introduces a set of analyses of national surveys carried out in six countries—Finland, Sweden, Germany, Great Britain, France and Italy-as part of the European Comparative Alcohol Study (ECAS). The ECAS survey data were collected especially for the purpose of country comparisons. Therefore not only were the questions made as similar as possible in all six countries, but also the mode of data collection (telephone interviews), the sampling procedure (random sampling of telephone numbers), and the time of data collection (spring 2000). Despite all these efforts to ensure a high comparability, the crucial question of comparability of alcohol surveys in general, and of the ECAS six-country survey in particular, was raised at an early stage, since large differences were found among the six samples in response rates and in estimates of volume of drinking in relation to recorded per capita consumption (coverage rate). This paper pays attention to some of the validity problems in survey data in general and to the specific problems associated with this comparative survey approach in particular.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Leifman, Håkan
(författare)
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Trends in population drinking
- 2002
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Ingår i: Alcohol in postwar Europe. - Stockholm : National Institute of Public Health [Folkhälsoinstitutet]. - 9122019928 ; , s. 49-81
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Leifman, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Uppföljning och utvärdering av insatserna mot svartsprit 1998-2000 : rapport från KAMEL-gruppen
- 2004
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport följer upp och utvärderar de sammantagna insatserna mot svartsprit som bedrevs under treårsperioden 1998-2000. OAS bedrev i omgångar informations- och opinionsinsatser mot illegal alkoholhantering, speciellt svartsprit. De övergripande målen med de sammantagna insatserna mot svartsprit var att minska tillgången på svartsprit, att förändra attityderna till svartsprit i mer negativ riktning och, framför allt, att minska konsumtionen av svartsprit. I syfte att följa upp och utvärdera insatserna tillsattes en fristående forskargrupp som benämndes KAMEL-gruppen. I denna rapport har de mål som fastställdes följts upp och insatserna under perioden 1998 till 2000 har utvärderats. (Från sammanfattningen)
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Nilsson, Tony, et al.
(författare)
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Effects on Alcohol Consumption and Alcohol Related Harm of a Community-Based Prevention Intervention With National Support in Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: Substance Use & Misuse. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1082-6084 .- 1532-2491. ; 53:3, s. 412-419
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In order to strengthen local alcohol prevention work in Sweden the Swedish government has for the past almost 15years commissioned the Public Health Agency of Sweden to initiate a series of community-based alcohol prevention projects. The latest of these, labeled local development with ambitions (LUMA), included 25 municipalities in Sweden. Objectives: Aim of this study is to examine if LUMA municipalities that received financial support, with requirements, increased local alcohol prevention and if alcohol consumption and harm declined. Methods: Twenty-five Swedish municipalities that received financial support aiming to strengthen local alcohol preventing activities (intervention group) were compared to municipalities that did not receive such support (control group, N = 224), before, during, and after the intervention period. Two composite measures of policy and activity were created and used. The composite activity measure includes seven activity indicators and the composite policy measure includes six policy indicators. Harm measures have been selected based on several recommended indicators for monitoring alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs in Sweden. A fixed effects model was used to analyze data. Results: The results reveal that prevention activities increased and several alcohol-related harm indicators were reduced in intervention municipalities (LUMA) compared with in control municipalities. Conclusions: It seems as if financial support, combined with specific requirements and support from the regional and national level, can stimulate local alcohol prevention activities and have a significant effect on alcohol consumption and alcohol-related harm. Similar evaluations in other countries would be of great value for assessing the generalizability of findings.
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| 41. |
- Norström, Thor, et al.
(författare)
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Concluding policy implications
- 2002
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Ingår i: Alcohol in Postwar Europe. - Stockholm : National Institute of Public Health [Folkhälsoinstitutet] :Almqvist & Wiksell International. - 9122019928 ; , s. 220-225
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 42. |
- Norström, Thor, et al.
(författare)
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Conclusions
- 2002
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Ingår i: Alcohol in Postwar Europe. - Stockholm : National Institute of Public Health and Almqvist & Wiksell International. - 9122019928 ; , s. 185-194
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Norström, Thor, 1948-, et al.
(författare)
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Hazardous drinking among restaurant workers
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 40:7, s. 591-595
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/aims: We address three research questions pertaining to Swedish restaurant workers: (i) What is the prevalence of hazardous drinking? (ii) How is the consumption of alcohol distributed? (iii) Does the prevention paradox apply? Methods: Data were collected by administering the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) among restaurant workers who attended a 2-day Responsible Beverage Service training in Stockholm during the period from October 2008 to December 2009. The control group comprised a sample representative of the general Swedish population. We restricted the analyses to the age span 18-59 years, which yielded a sample size of 579 for restaurant workers and 434 for the general population. Results: The prevalence of hazardous drinking as measured by AUDIT (8+ for men and 6+ for women) was markedly higher among restaurant workers than in the general population. The difference was especially pronounced among females below 30 years of age. We found no difference between restaurant workers and the general population in the distribution of alcohol consumption. About 76% of the drinking problems were found in the lower part of the consumption distribution (bottom 88%), which supports the prevention paradox. Conclusions: Restaurant workers comprise a high-risk group with respect to drinking.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Ramstedt, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Reducing youth violence related to student parties : Findings from a community intervention project in Stockholm
- 2013
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Ingår i: Drug and Alcohol Review. - : Wiley. - 0959-5236 .- 1465-3362. ; 32:6, s. 561-565
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundDuring the spring of 2007, the police reported a marked increase in violence and binge drinking related to high school student graduation parties on weekday nights at restaurants in Stockholm city. This spurred a multi-component community intervention project to reduce these problems. AimsThis study aims to evaluate the impact of the intervention on youth-related violence on weekday nights in 2008-2010. Design and MethodThe outcome measure entailed the number of violence-related emergency room visits on weekday nights (10:00 pm-6:00 am) by adolescents aged 18-20 years. The study period was 1 April-31 May, which is when most student graduation parties took place. The data covered the years 2005-2010, with three data points before the intervention, and three after the intervention was introduced. Because the intervention was expected to apply to weekdays only, the control series involved a corresponding indicator pertaining to weekend nights (10:00 pm-6:00 am). The intervention effect was assessed by means of difference-in-differences estimation. ResultsThe estimated intervention effect according to the difference-in-differences estimation models was a statistically significant 23% reduction of violence among young people. Discussion and ConclusionThis type of intervention is a promising measure of preventing youth violence and deserves to be continued. Such continuation would also provide additional data required for a more conclusive assessment.[Ramstedt M, Leifman H, Muller D, Sundin E, Norstrom T. Reducing youth violence related to student parties: Findings from a community intervention project in Stockholm. Drug Alcohol Rev 2013;32:561-565]
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Trolldal, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of a Multi-component Responsible Beverage Service Program on Violent Assaults in Sweden
- 2013
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Ingår i: Addiction. - : Wiley. - 0965-2140 .- 1360-0443. ; 108:1, s. 89-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: A multi-component Responsible Beverage Service (RBS) programme has been disseminated in Swedish municipalities. The aim of the programme is to reduce violence associated with consumption of alcohol at on-licensed premises. This study aimed to analyse the effect of the programme on police-recorded assaults after the dissemination of the programme in Swedish municipalities, 19962009.Design: This study is a natural experiment that uses variation in the level of implementation of the RBS programme to predict change in the rate of police-recorded assaults. Setting Swedish municipalities. Participants The municipalities included in the study initiated the RBS programme no later than 2008. On-licensed premises open during the evenings must exist. Of 290 municipalities, 237 fulfilled these requirements.Measurement: Programme fidelity was studied by means of several surveys. Yearly data on police-recorded assaults, per 100?000 inhabitants aged 15 and above, committed on weekend nights, were used as dependent variable. A fixed-effects panel data regression model was used to examine the effect of the programme.Findings: Each extension of the programme, by one component, was associated with a significant 3.1% reduction in assaults. However, this effect was seen mainly in smaller municipalities. Of the different components of the programme, the presence of a community coalition steering group had a significant effect on assaults. No significant effect was found regarding RBS training or supervision of on-licensed premises.Conclusion: Multi-component Responsible Beverage Service programmes can have a significant effect on police-recorded assaults even when implemented on a large scale in many communities.
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