| 1. |
- Alakangas, Lena, et al.
(författare)
-
Min-North : Development, Evaluation and Optimization of Measures to Reduce the Environmental Impact of Mining Activities in Northern Regions
- 2019
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Min-North (Development, Evaluation and Optimization of Measures to Reduce the Environment Impact of Mining Activities in Northern Regions) project was a trans-national cooperative project, with participants from the Geological Survey of Finland (GTK), University of Oulu (UO), UiT The Arctic University of Norway (UiT), Luleå University of Technology (LTU) and SMEs from Sweden, Finland and Norway. The project was funded by Interreg Nord and Norrbottens länsstyrelse. The participants have expertise in mine waste management, mine water treatment and geophysics. The overall aim of the project was to enhance the development of environmental protection technologies. An associated goal was to deepen cross-border cooperation by creating a larger critical mass of researchers in mine waste management and local SMEs in the Northern regions with greater capacities to disseminate and implement new methods, products and services. The project ran for 36 months from the 1st of January 2016 to the end of December 2018.
|
|
| 2. |
- Hooshmand, Babak, et al.
(författare)
-
Associations between serum homocysteine, holotranscobalamin, folate and cognition in the elderly : a longitudinal study
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 271:2, s. 204-212
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To examine the associations of serum homocysteine (tHcy), Holotranscobalamin (holoTC), the biologically active fraction of vitamin B12, and folate with cognitive functioning in a longitudinal population-based study of Finnish elderly. Subjects and design: tHcy, holoTC, and folate were measured at baseline in 274 dementia-free subjects aged 65-79 years derived from the Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging and Dementia (CAIDE) study. Subjects were re-investigated 7 years later and global cognition, episodic memory, executive functioning, verbal expression, and psychomotor speed were assessed. Results: Higher baseline tHcy values were associated with poorer performance on global cognition: relative difference (95% confidence interval) was: 0.90 (0.81 - 0.99); episodic memory: 0.87 (0.77 - 0.99); executive functions: 0.86 (0.75 - 0.98), and verbal expression: 0.89 (0.81 - 0.97) at follow-up. Increased holoTC levels were related to better performance on global cognition: 1.09 (1.00 - 1.19), executive functions: 1.11 (1.01 - 1.21), and psychomotor speed: 1.13 (1.01 - 1.26). After excluding 20 incident dementia cases, increased tHcy remained associated with poorer performance in episodic memory, execution functions, and verbal expression. Higher holoTC values tended to relate to better performance in executive functions and psychomotor speed while elevated serum folate concentrations were significantly related to higher scores in global cognition and verbal expression tests. Conclusions: tHcy, holoTC, and folate measured 7 years earlier are related to cognitive performance even in non-demented elderly. Randomized trials are needed to determine the impact of vitamin B12 and folate supplementations on preventing cognitive decline in the elderly.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Ren, Zhongfei, et al.
(författare)
-
Combination of adsorption/desorption and photocatalytic reduction processes for PFOA removal from water by using an aminated biosorbent and a UV/sulfite system
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Environmental Research. - : Elsevier. - 0013-9351 .- 1096-0953. ; 228
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are stable organic chemicals, which have been used globally since the 1940s and have caused PFAS contamination around the world. This study explores perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) enrichment and destruction by a combined method of sorption/desorption and photocatalytic reduction. A novel biosorbent (PG-PB) was developed from raw pine bark by grafting amine groups and quaternary ammonium groups onto the surface of bark particles. The results of PFOA adsorption at low concentration suggest that PG-PB has excellent removal efficiency (94.8%–99.1%, PG-PB dosage: 0.4 g/L) to PFOA in the concentration range of 10 μg/L to 2 mg/L. The PG-PB exhibited high adsorption efficiency regarding PFOA, being 456.0 mg/g at pH 3.3 and 258.0 mg/g at pH 7 with an initial concentration of 200 mg/L. The groundwater treatment reduced the total concentration of 28 PFAS from 18 000 ng/L to 9900 ng/L with 0.8 g/L of PG-PB. Desorption experiments examined 18 types of desorption solutions, and the results showed that 0.05% NaOH and a mixture of 0.05% NaOH + 20% methanol were efficient for PFOA desorption from the spent PG-PB. More than 70% (>70 mg/L in 50 mL) and 85% (>85 mg/L in 50 mL) of PFOA were recovered from the first and second desorption processes, respectively. Since high pH promotes PFOA degradation, the desorption eluents with NaOH were directly treated with a UV/sulfite system without further adjustment. The final PFOA degradation and defluorination efficiency in the desorption eluents with 0.05% NaOH + 20% methanol reached 100% and 83.1% after 24 h reaction. This study proved that the combination of adsorption/desorption and a UV/sulfite system for PFAS removal is a feasible solution for environmental remediation.
|
|
| 5. |
- Uwayezu, Jean Noel, et al.
(författare)
-
Combination of separation and degradation methods after PFAS soil washing
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 907
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current study evaluated a three-stage treatment to remediate PFAS-contaminated soil. The treatment consisted of soil washing, foam fractionation (FF), and electrochemical oxidation (EO). The possibility of replacing the third stage, i.e., EO, with an adsorption process was also assessed. The contamination in the studied soils was dominated by perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), with a concentration of 760 and 19 μg kg−1 in soil I and in soil II, accounting for 97 % and 70 % of all detected per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Before applying a pilot treatment of soil, soil washing was performed on a laboratory scale, to evaluate the effect of soil particle size, initial pH and a liquid-to-soil ratio (L/S) on the leachability of PFAS. A pilot washing system generated soil leachate that was subsequently treated using FF and EO (or adsorption) and then reused for soil washing. The results indicated that the leaching of PFAS occurred easier in 0.063–1 mm particles than in the soil particles having a size below 0.063 mm. Both alkaline conditions and a continual replacement of the leaching solution increased the leachability of PFAS. The analysis using one-way ANOVA showed no statistical difference in means of PFOS washed out in laboratory and pilot scales. This allowed estimating twenty washing cycles using 120 L water to reach 95 % PFOS removal in 60 kg soil. The aeration process removed 95–99 % PFOS in every washing cycle. The EO and adsorption processes achieved similar results removing up to 97 % PFOS in concentrated soil leachate. The current study demonstrated a multi-stage treatment as an effective and cost-efficient method to permanently clean up PFAS-contaminated soil.
|
|
