| 1. |
- Lejon, Erik
(författare)
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Information Integration in Computer Aided Design
- 2014
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Information management during product development and over the lifecycle of products has become central to enable competitiveness in the engineering industry. Reuse and integration of information is essential to avoid duplicating efforts. This need for methods and tools which effectively enable capture, retrieval, representation, and reuse of information.The research presented in this thesis is based on investigations of information management at two companies in the engineering industry in Sweden. One case at each company was identified. The cases focused on the methods and tools with which product-related information is captured, retrieved represented, and reused.The challenge lies in ensuring that pertinent product information can be efficiently captured and, once stored, can be understood, used, and reused by both systems and individuals.To address the challenge, an approach for integrating information in Product Development was developed, implemented, and evaluated. One of the bases of the approach is the information architecture used to provide easy access to product information in an integrated and customizable way. Information is stored in a main source, a Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) system tightly integrated with other sources. These tightly integrated information sources together form a PLM solution. The data model of the PLM system becomes the unified data model for the product information. The approach allows for redundancy-free storage that ensures that the information provided is up-to-date and valid. Ease of access to the information is provided by utilizing a service-oriented architecture to provide Web applications and integrations.Close collaboration between researchers and users has been essential throughout the entire process of investigation, implementation, and evaluation.Feedback from the evaluation showed that the prescribed approach was preferred to the old approach and that the participants from both companies agree that it will likely provide value to both authors and consumers of the information.
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| 2. |
- Agarwal, Girish Kumar, et al.
(författare)
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Value Changes during Service Delivery
- 2021
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Ingår i: 2021 IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation (ICE/ITMC). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most industries are shifting from product-orientedbusiness models towards services to step up the value chain andengage in long-term relationships with their customersthroughout the service lifecycle. Digital technologies arecontributing to servitization in many ways by creating andenabling capabilities like connectivity, IoT, data generation andassessment, etc., for new value generation, distribution, andcapture. Because value is subjective, dynamic, and changes duringthe service lifecycle, service providers need to examine closely thevalue perceptions of customers to constantly provide better valueand remain relevant with the competition. Through a consumersurvey and a longitudinal study of thirteen customers, this paperuses qualitative and quantitative assessment to identify the valuedimensions that play a major role for customers being onboardedon a digital enabled service, and also highlights how customervalue dimensions change over the course of the service lifecycle.One important finding is that change in customer value perceptiondoes not follow a pattern and is highly individual and personal.This opens a discussion regarding the need for hyperpersonalizationin successful servitization, and the role of digitaltechnologies towards the same.
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| 3. |
- Alnersson, Gustaf, et al.
(författare)
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3D flow and fibre orientation modelling of compression moulding of A-SMC: simulations and experimental validation in squeeze flow
- 2023
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Ingår i: Functional Composite Materials. - : Springer Nature. - 2522-5774. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sheet Moulding Compound (SMC) based composites have a large potential in industrial contexts due to the possibility of achieving comparatively short manufacturing times. It is however necessary to be able to numerically predict both mechanical properties as well as manufacturability of parts.In this paper a fully 3D, semi-empirical model based on fluid mechanics for the compression moulding of SMC is described and discussed, in which the fibres and the resin are modelled as a single, inseparable fluid with a viscosity that depends on volume fraction of fibres, shear strain rate and temperature. This model is applied to an advanced carbon-fibre SMC with a high fibre volume fraction (35%). Simulations are run on a model of a squeeze test rig, allowing comparison to experimental results from such a rig. The flow data generated by this model is then used as input for an Advani-Tucker type of model for the evolution of the fibre orientation during the pressing process. Numerical results are also obtained from the software 3DTimon. The resulting fibre orientation distributions are then compared to experimental results that are obtained from microscopy. The experimental measurement of the orientation tensors is performed using the Method of Ellipses. A new, automated, accurate and fast method for the ellipse fitting is developed using machine learning. For the studied case, comparison between the experimental results and numerical methods indicate that 3D Timon better captures the random orientation at the outer edges of the circular disc, while 3D CFD show larger agreement in terms of the out-of-plane component. One of the advantages of the new image technique is that less work is required to obtain microscope images with a quality good enough for the analysis.
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| 4. |
- Claesson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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lntegrated Optical Fiber Sensors in Additive Manufactured Metal Components for Smart Manufacturing Applications
- 2019
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Ingår i: Smart Systems Integration; 13th International Conference and Exhibition on Integration Issues of Miniaturized Systems.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work combines fiber optic sensors with additive manufacturing to enable integration of temperature and strain sensors in metal components. In this paper, we present a fiber optic sensor network integrated in press hardening tools to monitor the contact between the tool and the metal sheet during forming operation. The tools are manufactured through metal powder bed fusion using laser melting processes (PBF-SLM), after which the tools are prepared for sensor integration. A demonstrator press hardening tool with integrated fiber optic sensors was heated using an electric heat foil and the sensor measurements was compared to a thermal simulation model. The sensor technology is based on Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs), integrated at several positions along the optical fiber. FBGs are in-fiber sensors that are multiplexed. lt is possible to place hundreds of FBG sensors along one single fiber, thus allowing for quasidistributed sensing of temperature or strain. The optical fiber itself can be less than 100 micrometer in diameter, allowing for sensing at several points in a minimally invasive way, when integrated in a tool or component.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Lejon, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Integrated Capture and Representation of Product Information In Computer-Aided Product Development
- 2015
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Ingår i: ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. - New York : American Society of Mechanical Engineers. - 9780791857052
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper features the implementation and evaluation of a proposed approach for information capture and representation integrated into the existing design environments at two manufacturing companies. A tool has been developed that automatically derives information from the CAD system during design and provides users with the means to capture product information that has previously been documented outside of the CAD system. Product information is managed in a PLM data model and becomes, once stored, the foundation for providing tailored views of information.Feedback from the evaluation shows that the prescribed approach was preferred to the current one and that it would likely provide value to users, both authors and consumers, of product information. This approach can reduce the time required to capture the pertinent product information. However, the primary savings are likely to be indirect as a result of increased consistency, understanding, and the potential (re)use of product information.The approach and tools presented constitute another step toward providing each stakeholder with more efficient, intuitive, contextual, and purposeful support for information capture and representation in computer-aided product development.
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| 8. |
- Lejon, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Integrating information in product development
- 2013
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Ingår i: Re-engineering Manufacturing for Sustainability. - Singapore : Springer Singapore. - 9789814451475 - 9789814451482 ; , s. 93-98
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The amount of product and process related information in the engineering industry is large and constantly growing. Methods and tools are therefore needed to effectively leverage the information, ensuring that it is readily available, contextually understandable and usable for the activity at hand. This paper presents findings from two cases performed at manufacturing companies and an approach for how information effectively can be utilized during the development and lifecycle of a product. The approach primarily addresses the lack of up-to-date information, free of redundancies and accessible from the context where it is needed or will be captured.
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| 9. |
- Lejon, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Integrating Use Phase Information and Virtual Product Representation to Support Functional Products
- 2015
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Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-8271 .- 2212-8271. ; 38, s. 204-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Providing not only products but a combination of products and services can help add value and enable competitiveness for both the providers and their customers. Research has suggested Functional Products (FP) as one concept to achieving this combination of products and services.Traditionally, when a product is sold the ownership of the product is transferred to the customer, making it difficult for the provider to access information from the products use phase. In the case of FP, the ownership of the product is retained by the provider, and access to use phase information is essential to provide the function at a guaranteed level of availability. This information access also allows feedback to earlier life cycle phases. This paper explores how information generated in the use phase of FP can be integrated with the virtual product representation in a Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) system.A concept was developed for capturing use phase information from a potential FP. The concept utilizes wireless sensors that makes the information available through networks. WebSockets are used for providing real-time access and visualisation of the information. Both real-time and historical information can be accessed in a dashboard by any device that supports HTML5. A PLM system connects relevant information from the FP in use with the virtual representation of the FP.The concept was implemented in a case at a producer of automotive parts. A unified solution for information management of both use and development of FP was achieved by integrating use phase information and the virtual product representation
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| 10. |
- Lejon, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Machine learning for detection of anomalies in press-hardening : Selection of efficient methods
- 2018
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Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier. - 2212-8271 .- 2212-8271. ; 72, s. 1079-1083
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper addresses machine learning methods, utilizing data from industrial control systems, that are suitable for detecting anomalies in the press-hardening process of automotive components. The paper is based on a survey of methods for anomaly detection in various applications. Suitable methods for the press-hardening process are implemented and evaluated. The result shows that it is possible to implement machine learning for anomaly detection by non-machine learning experts utilizing readily available programming libraries/APIs. The three evaluated methods for anomaly detection in the press-hardening process all perform well, with the autoencoder neural network scoring highest in the evaluation.
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| 11. |
- Lejon, Marcus, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Simulation of Tip-Clearance Effects in a Transonic Compressor
- 2015
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Ingår i: ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. - 9780791856635 ; 2A
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tip clearance flow can have a large impact on compressor performance and is therefore important to consider in compressor design. A wide range of computational approaches can be used for modeling tip clearance flow. The different modeling strategies reflect compromises between accuracy and computational time. The present study investigates a large tip gap configuration (1.65% of the rotor tip chord) of the highly loaded transonic 1.5 stage compressor Hulda. The aim of the study is to evaluate different modeling approaches and find a method that can predict the effects of a large tip clearance on compressor performance. The modeling approaches investigated are the SAS-SST model in CFX and the k-ε turbulence model using a wall function and Chien’s low-Reynolds model in the in-house CFD solver VolSol++. Results obtained using the chosen solvers and turbulence models are compared with experimental data, and all approaches are shown to predict the overall performance trends. However, the turbulence kinetic energy in the tip clearance flow and the trajectory of the vortex are shown to vary depending on the method. The SAS-SST model predicts the performance well in terms of total pressure ratio, polytropic efficiency as well as radial distribution of total pressure downstream the rotor. Based on the results from the study, SAS-SST is concluded to be a good candidate for detailed studies of transonic compressors with large tip gaps.
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| 12. |
- Lindström, John, et al.
(författare)
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An Initial Model for Zero Defect Manufacturing
- 2020
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Ingår i: Applied Sciences. - Basel, Switzerland : MDPI. - 2076-3417. ; 10:13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates an initial model for Zero Defect Manufacturing (ZDM) using a cost function where the operation and condition of a production process are reflected, and the quality of the output/product and the production process (as well as safety aspects) can be considered. The outset of the study is based on empirical data collected from five manufacturing companies, and proposes an initial model for ZDM with an Industry 4.0 perspective. The initial ZDM model has a generic setup for a real-life system and its replication as a digital twin using system models based on a representation of a generic production process with its connected control system, and potential interconnections between unit processes. It is based on concepts from system theory of dynamic systems and principles from condition monitoring and fault detection. In that way the model is deemed as highly generalizable for manufacturing and process industry companies as well as for some critical infrastructures with production and distribution systems. The proposed model with its cost function setup is analyzed and discussed in the context of ZDM. It is concluded that production processes in the manufacturing and process industry can be made more intelligent and interoperable using this approach. Improved sustainability, competitiveness, efficiency and profitability of companies are foreseen welcomed secondary effects. Finally, the proposed ZDM model further develops the ZDM by adding to it a systematic approach based on a solid mathematical foundation.
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| 13. |
- Lindström, John, et al.
(författare)
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Towards intelligent and sustainable production : combining and integrating online predictive maintenance and continuous quality control
- 2017
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Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier. - 2212-8271 .- 2212-8271. ; 63, s. 443-448
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper addresses intelligent and sustainable production in the sense of combining and integrating online predictive maintenance andcontinuous quality control. The rationale for combining and integrating them is that continuous quality control can provide input to the onlinepredictive maintenance in cases where no signs of maintenance issues have been indicated and inadequate output is produced (and the processparameters cannot be adjusted in order to meet the output specifications). The paper outlines the first part of an action research effort atGestamp HardTech AB in Sweden, whose objective is to keep its position as a world-leading provider of press-hardened vehicle parts. The firstinitial design criteria concerned with simplicity and low-cost was changed after learning more details and what can be accomplished, and theupdated first design criteria focused instead on robustness, high-quality output and future-proofing. The intermediary result is an action plan forthe technical change, whereas the organizational change will be addressed later during the action research effort.
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| 14. |
- Lindström, John, et al.
(författare)
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Towards intelligent and sustainable production systems with a zero-defect manufacturing approach in an Industry4.0 context
- 2019
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Ingår i: Procedia CIRP, vol 81. - : Elsevier. ; , s. 880-885
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper addresses intelligent and sustainable production achieved through combination and integration of online predictive maintenance, monitoring of process parameters and continuous quality control of both input materials and output from the process. This enables production systems, within both manufacturing and process industries, to move towards zero-defect manufacturing. Such a zero-defect manufacturing approach allows for earlier identification of problems or issues, which will or already negatively affect the output. The paper outlines the first part of the second cycle of an action research effort at Gestamp HardTech AB in Sweden, whose objective is to keep its position as a world-leading provider of press-hardened vehicle parts. In order to fully implement the zero-defect manufacturing approach, 4-6 action research cycles are expected to be needed in order to iteratively refine the approach. During the first cycle, various methods and solutions for some of the individual issues/problems have been conceptualized, realized and initially tested. The selected design criteria for the action research efforts were: simplicity, low cost, robustness, high-quality output and future-proofing. The result from the research in the second cycle so far is an action plan for the technical change and a set of challenges/problems which need additional investigation.
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| 15. |
- Lindström, John, et al.
(författare)
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Zero Defect Manufacturing in an Industry 4.0 Context : A Case Study of Requirements for Change and Desired Effects
- 2020
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Ingår i: TESConf 2020 - 9th International Conference on Through-life Engineering Services. - : Elsevier BV.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper addresses, based on a case study comprising six process- and manufacturing industry companies, requirements for change and desired effects from Zero Defect Manufacturing in an Industry 4.0 context. The results outline seven problems and five needs perceived by the companies. Further, the results also outline four desired effects. The results are aligned with existing literature and studies but also bring up new aspects of Zero Defect Manufacturing in terms of problems, needs and desired effects. Noteworthy new desired effects are increased trust for the production process and improved gender equality.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Lundin, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Efficient design module capture and representation for product family reuse
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering. - : The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). - 1530-9827 .- 1944-7078. ; 17:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New business models and more integrated product development processes require designers to make use of knowledge more efficiently. Capture and reuse are means of coping, but support, techniques, and mechanisms have yet to be sufficiently addressed. This paper consequently explores how computer-aided technologies (CAx) and a computer-aided design (CAD) model-oriented approach can be used to improve the efficiency of design module capture and representation for product family reuse. The first contribution of this paper is the investigation performed at a Swedish manufacturing company and a set of identified challenges related to design capture and representation for reuse in product family development. The second contribution is a demonstrated and evaluated set of systems and tools, which exemplifies how these challenges can be approached. Efficient design capture is achieved by a combination of automated and simplified design capture, derived from the design implementation (CAD model definition) to the extent possible. Different design representations can then be accessed by the designer using the CAD-internal tool interface. A web application is an example of more generalpurpose representation to tailor design content, all of which is managed by a product lifecycle management (PLM) system. Design capture is based on a modular view block definition, stored in formal information models, management by a PLM system, for consistent and reliable design content. It was, however, introduced to support the rich and expressive forms of capture and representation required to facilitate understanding, use, and reuse of varied and increasingly complex designs. A key element in being able to describe a complex design and its implementation has been capture and representation of a set of design states. The solution has been demonstrated to effectively be able to capture and represent significant portions of a step-by-step design training material and the implementation of complex design module through a set of design decisions taken. The validity and relevance of the proposed solution is strengthened by the level of acceptance and perceived value from experienced users, together with the fact that the company is implementing parts of it today.
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