| 1. |
- Li, Fei, et al.
(författare)
-
A quantum search based signal detection for MIMO-OFDM systems
- 2011
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Ingår i: 18th International Conference on Telecommunications, ICT 2011. - : IEEE. - 9781457700248 - 9781457700255 ; , s. 276-281
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiple input multiple output-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) is considered as candidates for future broadband wireless services. In this paper a novel signal detection scheme based on Grover's quantum search algorithm is proposed for MIMO-OFDM systems. Grover's quantum search algorithm is based on the concept and principles of quantum computing, such as quantum bit, quantum register and quantum parallelism. An analysis is given to the theoretical basis of Grover's algorithm and the performance of Grover's algorithm is evaluated. A novel signal detector based on Grover's algorithm (GD) for MIMO-OFDM system is proposed. The simulation results show that the proposed detector has more powerful properties in bit error rate than MMSE detector and VBLAST-MMSE detector. The performance of the proposed GD detector is close to optimal when the failure probability is 0.001. When the failure probability is 0.00001, the performance of GD detector declines. In this case, our proposed improved Grover's algorithm based detector is still close to the optimal ML detector. The complexity of GD and IGD is O(√N). It's much better than classical ML detector which complexity is O(N).
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| 2. |
- Li, Sirui, et al.
(författare)
-
Glioma grading, molecular feature classification, and microstructural characterization using MR diffusional variance decomposition (DIVIDE) imaging
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Radiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0938-7994 .- 1432-1084. ; 31:11, s. 8197-8207
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate the potential of diffusional variance decomposition (DIVIDE) for grading, molecular feature classification, and microstructural characterization of gliomas. Materials and methods: Participants with suspected gliomas underwent DIVIDE imaging, yielding parameter maps of fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), anisotropic mean kurtosis (MKA), isotropic mean kurtosis (MKI), total mean kurtosis (MKT), MKA/MKT, and microscopic fractional anisotropy (μFA). Tumor type and grade, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1/2 mutant status, and the Ki-67 labeling index (Ki-67 LI) were determined after surgery. Statistical analysis included 33 high-grade gliomas (HGG) and 17 low-grade gliomas (LGG). Tumor diffusion metrics were compared between HGG and LGG, among grades, and between wild and mutated IDH types using appropriate tests according to normality assessment results. Receiver operating characteristic and Spearman correlation analysis were also used for statistical evaluations. Results: FA, MD, MKA, MKI, MKT, μFA, and MKA/MKT differed between HGG and LGG (FA: p = 0.047; MD: p = 0.037, others p < 0.001), and among glioma grade II, III, and IV (FA: p = 0.048; MD: p = 0.038, others p < 0.001). All diffusion metrics differed between wild-type and mutated IDH tumors (MKI: p = 0.003; others: p < 0.001). The metrics that best discriminated between HGG and LGGs and between wild-type and mutated IDH tumors were MKT and FA respectively (area under the curve 0.866 and 0.881). All diffusion metrics except FA showed significant correlation with Ki-67 LI, and MKI had the highest correlation coefficient (rs = 0.618). Conclusion: DIVIDE is a promising technique for glioma characterization and diagnosis. Key Points: • DIVIDE metrics MKIis related to cell density heterogeneity while MKAand μFA are related to cell eccentricity. • DIVIDE metrics can effectively differentiate LGG from HGG and IDH mutation from wild-type tumor, and showed significant correlation with the Ki-67 labeling index. • MKIwas larger than MKAwhich indicates predominant cell density heterogeneity in gliomas. • MKAand MKIincreased with grade or degree of malignancy, however with a relatively larger increase in the cell eccentricity metric MKAin relation to the cell density heterogeneity metric MKI.
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| 3. |
- Parreiras, Lucas S., et al.
(författare)
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Engineering and two-stage evolution of a lignocellulosic hydrolysate-tolerant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain for anaerobic fermentation of xylose from AFEX pretreated corn stover
- 2014
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The inability of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to ferment xylose effectively under anaerobic conditions is a major barrier to economical production of lignocellulosic biofuels. Although genetic approaches have enabled engineering of S. cerevisiae to convert xylose efficiently into ethanol in defined lab medium, few strains are able to ferment xylose from lignocellulosic hydrolysates in the absence of oxygen. This limited xylose conversion is believed to result from small molecules generated during biomass pretreatment and hydrolysis, which induce cellular stress and impair metabolism. Here, we describe the development of a xylose-fermenting S. cerevisiae strain with tolerance to a range of pretreated and hydrolyzed lignocellulose, including Ammonia Fiber Expansion (AFEX)-pretreated corn stover hydrolysate (ACSH). We genetically engineered a hydrolysate-resistant yeast strain with bacterial xylose isomerase and then applied two separate stages of aerobic and anaerobic directed evolution. The emergent S. cerevisiae strain rapidly converted xylose from lab medium and ACSH to ethanol under strict anaerobic conditions. Metabolomic, genetic and biochemical analyses suggested that a missense mutation in GRE3, which was acquired during the anaerobic evolution, contributed toward improved xylose conversion by reducing intracellular production of xylitol, an inhibitor of xylose isomerase. These results validate our combinatorial approach, which utilized phenotypic strain selection, rational engineering and directed evolution for the generation of a robust S. cerevisiae strain with the ability to ferment xylose anaerobically from ACSH.
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| 4. |
- Yang, Bin, et al.
(författare)
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Non-invasive (non-contact) measurements of human thermal physiology signals and thermal comfort/discomfort poses -A review
- 2020
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Ingår i: Energy and Buildings. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA. - 0378-7788 .- 1872-6178. ; 224
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems have been adopted to create comfortable, healthy and safe indoor environments. In the control loop, the technical feature of the human demand-oriented supply can help operate HVAC effectively. Among many technical options, real time monitoring based on feedback signals from end users has been frequently reported as a critical technology to confirm optimizing building performance. Recent studies have incorporated human thermal physiology signals and thermal comfort/discomfort status as real-time feedback signals. A series of human subject experiments used to be conducted by primarily adopting subjective questionnaire surveys in a lab-setting study, which is limited in the application for reality. With the help of advanced technologies, physiological signals have been detected, measured and processed by using multiple technical formats, such as wearable sensors. Nevertheless, they mostly require physical contacts with the skin surface in spite of the small physical dimension and compatibility with other wearable accessories, such as goggles, and intelligent bracelets. Most recently, a low cost small infrared camera has been adopted for monitoring human facial images, which could detect the facial skin temperature and blood perfusion in a contact less way. Also, according to latest pilot studies, a conventional digital camera can generate infrared images with the help of new methods, such as the Euler video magnification technology. Human thermal comfort/discomfort poses can also be detected by video methods without contacting human bodies and be analyzed by the skeleton keypoints model. In this review, new sensing technologies were summarized, their cons and pros were discussed, and extended applications for the demand-oriented ventilation were also reviewed as potential development and applications.
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| 5. |
- Abedan Kondori, Farid, et al.
(författare)
-
A Direct Method for 3D Hand Pose Recovery
- 2014
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Ingår i: 2014 22ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PATTERN RECOGNITION (ICPR). - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 9781479952083 ; , s. 345-350
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a novel approach for performing intuitive 3D gesture-based interaction using depth data acquired by Kinect. Unlike current depth-based systems that focus only on classical gesture recognition problem, we also consider 3D gesture pose estimation for creating immersive gestural interaction. In this paper, we formulate gesture-based interaction system as a combination of two separate problems, gesture recognition and gesture pose estimation. We focus on the second problem and propose a direct method for recovering hand motion parameters. Based on the range images, a new version of optical flow constraint equation is derived, which can be utilized to directly estimate 3D hand motion without any need of imposing other constraints. Our experiments illustrate that the proposed approach performs properly in real-time with high accuracy. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate the system performance in 3D object manipulation. This application is intended to explore the system capabilities in real-time biomedical applications. Eventually, system usability test is conducted to evaluate the learnability, user experience and interaction quality in 3D interaction in comparison to 2D touch-screen interaction.
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| 6. |
- Abedan Kondori, Farid, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Direct hand pose estimation for immersive gestural interaction
- 2015
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Ingår i: Pattern Recognition Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-8655 .- 1872-7344. ; 66, s. 91-99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a novel approach for performing intuitive gesture based interaction using depth data acquired by Kinect. The main challenge to enable immersive gestural interaction is dynamic gesture recognition. This problem can be formulated as a combination of two tasks; gesture recognition and gesture pose estimation. Incorporation of fast and robust pose estimation method would lessen the burden to a great extent. In this paper we propose a direct method for real-time hand pose estimation. Based on the range images, a new version of optical flow constraint equation is derived, which can be utilized to directly estimate 3D hand motion without any need of imposing other constraints. Extensive experiments illustrate that the proposed approach performs properly in real-time with high accuracy. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate the system performance in 3D object manipulation On two different setups; desktop computing, and mobile platform. This reveals the system capability to accommodate different interaction procedures. In addition, a user study is conducted to evaluate learnability, user experience and interaction quality in 3D gestural interaction in comparison to 2D touchscreen interaction.
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| 7. |
- Abedan Kondori, Farid, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Head Operated Electric Wheelchair
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the IEEE Southwest Symposium on Image Analysis and Interpretation. - : IEEE Press. - 9781479940530 ; , s. 53-56
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Currently, the most common way to control an electric wheelchair is to use joystick. However, there are some individuals unable to operate joystick-driven electric wheelchairs due to sever physical disabilities, like quadriplegia patients. This paper proposes a novel head pose estimation method to assist such patients. Head motion parameters are employed to control and drive an electric wheelchair. We introduce a direct method for estimating user head motion, based on a sequence of range images captured by Kinect. In this work, we derive new version of the optical flow constraint equation for range images. We show how the new equation can be used to estimate head motion directly. Experimental results reveal that the proposed system works with high accuracy in real-time. We also show simulation results for navigating the electric wheelchair by recovering user head motion.
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| 8. |
- Cheng, Xiaogang, et al.
(författare)
-
A Contactless Measuring Method of Skin Temperature based on the Skin Sensitivity Index and Deep Learning
- 2019
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Ingår i: Applied Sciences. - Switzerland : MDPI. - 2076-3417 .- 1454-5101. ; 9:7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Featured Application The NISDL method proposed in this paper can be used for real time contactless measuring of human skin temperature, which reflects human body thermal comfort status and can be used for control HVAC devices. Abstract In human-centered intelligent building, real-time measurements of human thermal comfort play critical roles and supply feedback control signals for building heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. Due to the challenges of intra- and inter-individual differences and skin subtleness variations, there has not been any satisfactory solution for thermal comfort measurements until now. In this paper, a contactless measuring method based on a skin sensitivity index and deep learning (NISDL) was proposed to measure real-time skin temperature. A new evaluating index, named the skin sensitivity index (SSI), was defined to overcome individual differences and skin subtleness variations. To illustrate the effectiveness of SSI proposed, a two multi-layers deep learning framework (NISDL method I and II) was designed and the DenseNet201 was used for extracting features from skin images. The partly personal saturation temperature (NIPST) algorithm was use for algorithm comparisons. Another deep learning algorithm without SSI (DL) was also generated for algorithm comparisons. Finally, a total of 1.44 million image data was used for algorithm validation. The results show that 55.62% and 52.25% error values (NISDL method I, II) are scattered at (0 degrees C, 0.25 degrees C), and the same error intervals distribution of NIPST is 35.39%.
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| 9. |
- Fahlquist, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Human animal machine interaction : Animal behavior awareness and digital experience
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings of ACM Multimedia 2010 - Brave New Ideas, 25-29 October 2010, Firenze, Italy.. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. - 9781605589336 ; , s. 1269-1274
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper proposes an intuitive wireless sensor/actuator based communication network for human animal interaction for a digital zoo. In order to enhance effective observation and control over wild life, we have built a wireless sensor network. 25 video transmitting nodes are installed for animal behavior observation and experimental vibrotactile collars have been designed for effective control in an animal park. The goal of our research is two-folded. Firstly, to provide an interaction between digital users and animals, and monitor the animal behavior for safety purposes. Secondly, we investigate how animals can be controlled or trained based on vibrotactile stimuli instead of electric stimuli. We have designed a multimedia sensor network for human animal machine interaction. We have evaluated the effect of human animal machine state communication model in field experiments.
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| 10. |
- Kondori, Abedan Farid, et al.
(författare)
-
Direct hand pose estimation for immersive gestural interaction
-
Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- This paper presents a novel approach for performing intuitive gesture-based interactionusing depth data acquired by Kinect. The main challenge to enableimmersive gestural interaction is dynamic gesture recognition. This problemcan be formulated as a combination of two tasks; gesture recognition and gesturepose estimation. Incorporation of fast and robust pose estimation methodwould lessen the burden to a great extent. In this paper we propose a directmethod for real-time hand pose estimation. Based on the range images, a newversion of optical flow constraint equation is derived, which can be utilizedto directly estimate 3D hand motion without any need of imposing other constraints.Extensive experiments illustrate that the proposed approach performsproperly in real-time with high accuracy. As a proof of concept, we demonstratethe system performance in 3D object manipulation on two dierent setups;desktop computing, and mobile platform. This reveals the system capabilityto accommodate dierent interaction procedures. In addition, user studyis conducted to evaluate learnability, user experience and interaction quality in3D gestural interaction in comparison to 2D touch-screen interaction.
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| 11. |
- Kondori, Farid Abedan, et al.
(författare)
-
Telelife : An immersive media experience for rehabilitation
- 2014
-
Ingår i: 2014 Asia-Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference, APSIPA 2014. - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9786163618238
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, emergence of telerehabilitation systems for home-based therapy has altered healthcare systems. Telerehabilitation enables therapists to observe patients status via Internet, thus a patient does not have to visit rehabilitation facilities for every rehabilitation session. Despite the fact that telerehabilitation provides great opportunities, there are two major issues that affect effectiveness of telerehabilitation: relegation of the patient at home, and loss of direct supervision of the therapist. Since patients have no actual interaction with other persons during the rehabilitation period, they will become isolated and gradually lose their social skills. Moreover, without direct supervision of therapists, rehabilitation exercises can be performed with bad compensation strategies that lead to a poor quality recovery. To resolve these issues, we propose telelife, a new concept for future rehabilitation systems. The idea is to use media technology to create a totally new immersive media experience for rehabilitation. In telerehabilitation patients locally execute exercises, and therapists remotely monitor patients' status. In telelife patients, however, remotely perform exercises and therapists locally monitor. Thus, not only telelife enables rehabilitation at distance, but also improves the patients' social competences, and provides direct supervision of therapists. In this paper we introduce telelife to enhance telerehabilitation, and investigate technical challenges and possible methods to achieve telelife.
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| 12. |
- Li, Bo, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
-
Distinctive curve features
- 2016
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Ingår i: Electronics Letters. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0013-5194 .- 1350-911X. ; 52:3, s. 197-198
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Curves and lines are geometrical, abstract features of an image. Whereas interest points are more limited, curves and lines provide much more information of the image structure. However, the research done in curve and line detection is very fragmented. The concept of scale space is not yet fused very well into curve and line detection. Keypoint (e.g. SIFT, SURF, ORB) is a successful concept which represent features (e.g. blob, corner etc.) in scale space. Stimulated by the keypoint concept, a method which extracts distinctive curves (DICU) in scale space, including lines as a special form of curve features is proposed. A curve feature can be represented by three keypoints (two end points, and one middle point). A good way to test the quality of detected curves is to analyse the repeatability under various image transformations. DICU using the standard Oxford benchmark is evaluated. The overlap error is calculated by averaging the overlap error of three keypoints on the curve. Experiment results show that DICU achieves good repeatability comparing with other state-of-the-art methods. To match curve features, a relatively uncomplicated way is to combine local descriptors of three keypoints on each curve.
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| 13. |
- Li, Bo, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
-
Distinctive curves : unified scale-invariant detection of edges, corners, lines and curves
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper aims to broaden the scope of shape related features including edges, corners, lines and curves: 1) Edges, corners, lines, curves are all shape related features. In the past, the detection of each type of feature is usually solved independently under certain hypotheses. Our proposed distinctive curve detection method (DICU) solves the detection of all these type of features together. 2) Compared to the development in scale-invariant interest point detectors which have adopted more objective robustness measures using repeatability score, the research in line and curve features is still limited to “true/false positive” measures. DICU detection utilizes the scale-space concept and proves that curve features can be as robust as scale-invariant interest points. DICU has three advantages: 1) DICU outputs multi-type features which can benefit future computer vision applications. At the same time, the computational efficiency is unaffected, after detecting edges, only 5% additional computation is needed to detect corners, lines, and curves. 2) It is robust under various image perturbations and transformations and outperforms state-of-the-art interest point detectors and line detectors. At the same time, all types of detected features are robust. 3) Curve features contains more geometric information than points. Our curve matching test shows that curve matching can outperform interest point matching.
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| 14. |
- Li, Bo, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Fast edge detection by center of mass
- 2013
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Ingår i: The 1st IEEE/IIAE International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Image Processing 2013 (ICISIP2013). - Kitakyushu, Japan : The Institute of Industrial Applications Engineers. ; , s. 103-110
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, a novel edge detection method that computes image gradient using the concept of Center of Mass (COM) is presented. The algorithm runs with a constant number of operations per pixel independently from its scale by using integral image. Compared with the conventional convolutional edge detector such as Sobel edge detector, the proposed method performs faster when region size is larger than 9×9. The proposed method can be used as framework for multi-scale edge detectors when the goal is to achieve fast performance. Experimental results show that edge detection by COM is competent with Canny edge detection.
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| 15. |
- Li, Bo, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
-
Fast edge filter and multi-scale edge detection
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The first step of efficient edge detection is to use a filter to detect intensity change. The filter size is a parameter which affects the edge detection result. A filter of large size is less sensitive to noise while a filter of small size is more accurate when locating edges. This gives the user a choice of choosing the proper filter size depending on the situation. A more stable edge detection approach is multi-scale edge detection, which detects gradients using several filter sizes. The time consumption of a conventional edge filter is usually or , where w is the width of the filter. Therefore, using filters of large size or multi-scale filters is not very efficient. We propose an efficient edge detection method with time consumption. It uses the center of mass concept and utilizes the power of integral images to achieve this efficiency. The results of our experiments show that the proposed edge detector is very stable and we also propose a simplified multi-scale edge detection scheme which can be used in practical operations.
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| 16. |
- Li, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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i-Function of Electronic Cigarette : Building Social Network by Electronic Cigarette
- 2011
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Ingår i: 2011 IEEE International Conferences on Internet of Things and Cyber, Physical and Social Computing. - Los Alamitos, CA, USA : IEEE Computer Society. - 9781457719769 ; , s. 634-637
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper the role of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) is considered in context of social networking and internet based help for smoking cessation or reduction in smoking behavior. Electronic cigarette can be a good conversation starter and interaction device. Its interestingness can be used for social network building and thus using virtual communities (e.g. Facebook, Twitter etc.) to exchange experiences and to support each other. A framework of social network interaction through interact function (i-function) of electronic cigarette is presented which enables two e-cigarette users to immediate interact when they are in close range. The framework also presents a functional possibility of reflecting people’s emotion on social network websites.
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| 17. |
- Li, Bo, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Independent Thresholds on Multi-scale Gradient Images
- 2013
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Ingår i: The 1st IEEE/IIAE International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Image Processing 2013 (ICISIP2013). - Kitakyushu, Japan : The Institute of Industrial Applications Engineers. ; , s. 124-131
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we propose a multi-scale edge detection algorithm based on proportional scale summing. Our analysis shows that proportional scale summing successfully improves edge detection rate by applying independent thresholds on multi-scale gradient images. The proposed method improves edge detection and localization by summing gradient images with a proportional parameter cn (c < 1); which ensures that the detected edges are as close as possible to the fine scale. We employ non-maxima suppression and thinning step similar to Canny edge detection framework on the summed gradient images. The proposed method can detect edges successfully and experimental results show that it leads to better edge detection performance than Canny edge detector and scale multiplication edge detector.
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| 18. |
- Li, Bo, 1982-
(författare)
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Interest Curves : Concept, Evaluation, Implementation and Applications
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Image features play important roles in a wide range of computer vision applications, such as image registration, 3D reconstruction, object detection and video understanding. These image features include edges, contours, corners, regions, lines, curves, interest points, etc. However, the research is fragmented in these areas, especially when it comes to line and curve detection. In this thesis, we aim to discover, integrate, evaluate and summarize past research as well as our contributions in the area of image features. This thesis provides a comprehensive framework of concept, evaluation, implementation, and applications for image features.Firstly, this thesis proposes a novel concept of interest curves. Interest curves is a concept derived and extended from interest points. Interest curves are significant lines and arcs in an image that are repeatable under various image transformations. Interest curves bring clear guidelines and structures for future curve and line detection algorithms and related applications.Secondly, this thesis presents an evaluation framework for detecting and describing interest curves. The evaluation framework provides a new paradigm for comparing the performance of state-of-the-art line and curve detectors under image perturbations and transformations.Thirdly, this thesis proposes an interest curve detector (Distinctive Curves, DICU), which unifies the detection of edges, corners, lines and curves. DICU represents our state-of-the-art contribution in the areas concerning the detection of edges, corners, curves and lines. Our research efforts cover the most important attributes required by these features with respect to robustness and efficiency.Interest curves preserve richer geometric information than interest points. This advantage gives new ways of solving computer vision problems. We propose a simple description method for curve matching applications. We have found that our proposed interest curve descriptor outperforms all state-of-the-art interest point descriptors (SIFT, SURF, BRISK, ORB, FREAK). Furthermore, in our research we design a novel object detection algorithm that only utilizes DICU geometries without using local feature appearance. We organize image objects as curve chains and to detect an object, we search this curve chain in the target image using dynamic programming. The curve chain matching is scale and rotation-invariant as well as robust to image deformations. These properties have given us the possibility of resolving the rotation-variance problem in object detection applications. In our face detection experiments, the curve chain matching method proves to be scale and rotation-invariant and very computational efficient.
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| 19. |
- Li, Bo, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Restricted Hysteresis Reduce Redundancy in Edge Detection
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Signal and Information Processing. - 2159-4465 .- 2159-4481. ; 4:3B, s. 158-163
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In edge detection algorithms, there is a common redundancy problem, especially when the gradient direction is close to -135°, -45°, 45°, and 135°. Double edge effect appears on the edges around these directions. This is caused by the discrete calculation of non-maximum suppression. Many algorithms use edge points as feature for further task such as line extraction, curve detection, matching and recognition. Redundancy is a very important factor of algorithm speed and accuracy. We find that most edge detection algorithms have redundancy of 50% in the worst case and 0% in the best case depending on the edge direction distribution. The common redundancy rate on natural images is approximately between 15% and 20%. Based on Canny’s framework, we propose a restriction in the hysteresis step. Our experiment shows that proposed restricted hysteresis reduce the redundancy successfully.
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| 20. |
- Li, Bo, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Scale-invariant corner keypoints
- 2014
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Ingår i: 2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON IMAGE PROCESSING (ICIP). - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781479957514 ; , s. 5741-5745
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Effective and efficient generation of keypoints from images is the first step of many computer vision applications, such as object matching. The last decade presented us with an arms race toward faster and more robust keypoint detection, feature description and matching. This resulted in several new algorithms, for example Scale Invariant Features Transform (SIFT), Speed-up Robust Feature (SURF), Oriented FAST and Rotated BRIEF (ORB) and Binary Robust Invariant Scalable Keypoints (BRISK). The keypoint detection has been improved using various techniques in most of these algorithms. However, in the search for faster computing, the accuracy of the algorithms is decreasing. In this paper, we present SICK (Scale-Invariant Corner Keypoints), which is a novel method for fast keypoint detection. Our experiment results show that SICK is faster to compute and more robust than recent state-of-the-art methods.
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| 21. |
- Li, Bo, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
-
Scale-invariant corner keypoints
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Effective and efficient generation of keypoints from images is the first step of many computer vision applications, such as object matching. The last decade presented us with an arms race toward faster and more robust keypoint detection, feature description and matching. This resulted in several new algorithms, for example Scale Invariant Features Transform (SIFT), Speed-up Robust Feature (SURF), Oriented FAST and Rotated BRIEF (ORB) and Binary Robust Invariant Scalable Keypoints (BRISK). The keypoint detection has been improved using various techniques in most of these algorithms. However, in the search for faster computing, the accuracy of the algorithms is decreasing. In this paper, we present SICK (Scale-Invariant Corner Keypoints), which is a novel method for fast keypoint detection. Our experiment results show that SICK is faster to compute and more robust than recent state-of-the-art methods.
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| 22. |
- Li, Fei, et al.
(författare)
-
A novel neural network optimized by quantum genetic algorithm for signal detection in MIMO-OFDM systems
- 2011
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Ingår i: Computational Intelligence in Control and Automation (CICA). - : IEEE. - 9781424499038 - 9781424499021 ; , s. 170-177
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neural networks can easily fall into a local extremum and have slow convergence rate. Quantum Genetic Algorithm (QGA) has features of small population size and fast convergence. Based on the investigation of QGA, we propose a novel neural network model, Radial Basis Function (RBF) networks optimized by Quantum Genetic Algorithm (QGA-RBF model). Then we investigate the performance of the proposed QGA-RBF on solving MIMO-OFDM signal detection problem. A novel signal detector based on QGA-RBF for MIMO-OFDM system is also proposed. The simulation results show that the proposed detector has more powerful properties in bit error rate than QGA based detector, RBF based detector and MMSE algorithm based detector, namely a 4-6 dB gain in performance can be achieved. The performance of the proposed detector is closer to optimal, compared with the other detectors.
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| 23. |
- Li, Fei, et al.
(författare)
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Cognitive radio spectrum sharing using improved Quantum Genetic Algorithm
- 2011
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Ingår i: 2011 International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing, WCSP 2011. - : IEEE. - 9781457710100 - 9781457710094
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A key challenge in cognitive radios (CR) network is how to adaptively and efficiently allocate transmission powers and spectrum among CR users according to the surrounding environment. In this paper, we propose a novel spectrum sharing based on our improved Quantum Genetic Algorithm (QGA) in a non-cooperative game for CR network. We improved the original QGA by quantum crossover operator, in order to overcome the shortcoming of the original QGA easily falling into a local extremum when used to optimize the continuous functions with many extrema. We used our improved QGA as a competitive strategy and conducted several simulations in two-user system and multi-user system. From simulation results, it is evident that the proposed improved QGA based spectrum sharing scheme has better convergence rate and higher sum capacity than GA based scheme even in multi-user CR system, namely up to 2bit/s/Hz increase in capacity. The simulation results also show that the population size of QGA affect sum capacity of cognitive radio system. The results demonstrated the effectiveness and the applicability of QGA in spectrum sharing in multi-user cognitive radio system.
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| 24. |
- Li, Fei, et al.
(författare)
-
Improved quantum genetic algorithm for competitive spectrum sharing in cognitive radios
- 2012
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Ingår i: 2011 International Conference in Electrics, Communication and Automatic Control Proceedings. - New York, NY : Springer. - 9781441988485 - 9781441988492 ; , s. 1203-1209
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter investigates a kind of whole new approach to spectrum sharing in cognitive radio (CR) system, quantum-inspired approach. First, we improved Quantum Genetic Algorithm (QGA) by adding quantum crossover operator to overcome the shortcomings of the original QGA, easily falling into a local extremum when used to optimize the continuous functions with many extrema. We then propose a novel spectrum sharing scheme in noncooperative game for CR system based on our improved QGA. We use QGA as competitive strategies and provide simulation results that confirm the proposed schemes have better convergence rate and higher sum capacity than genetic algorithm (GA)-based scheme, namely at most 1 bit/s/Hz increase in capacity. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and the applicability of QGA in spectrum sharing in CR system.
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| 25. |
- Li, Fei, et al.
(författare)
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Quantum Bacterial Foraging Optimization Algorithm
- 2014
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Ingår i: 2014 IEEE CONGRESS ON EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION (CEC). - : IEEE Press. - 9781479914883 ; , s. 1265-1272
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper proposes a novel swarm intelligence optimization method which integrates bacterial foraging optimization (BFO) with quantum computing, called quantum bacterial foraging optimization (QBFO) algorithm. In QBFO, a multi-qubit which can represent a linear superposition of states in search space probabilistically is used to represent a bacterium, so that the quantum bacteria representation has a better characteristic of population diversity. A quantum rotation gate is designed to simulate the chemotactic step to drive the bacteria toward better solutions. Several tests are conducted based on benchmark functions including multi-peak function to evaluate optimization performance of the proposed algorithm. The numeric results show that the proposed QBFO has more powerful properties in convergence rate, stability and the ability of searching for the global optimal solution than the original BFO and quantum genetic algorithm. In addition, we applied our proposed QBFO to solve the traveling salesman problem, which is a well-known NP-hard problem in combinatorial optimization. The results indicate that the proposed QBFO shows better convergence behavior without premature convergence, and has more powerful properties in convergence rate, stability and the ability of searching for the global optimal solution, as compared to ant colony optimization algorithm and quantum genetic algorithm.
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| 26. |
- Li, Liu, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Vibrotactile chair : A social interface for blind
- 2006
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Ingår i: Proceedings SSBA 2006. - Umeå : Umeå universitet. Institutionen för datavetenskap. ; , s. 117-120
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this paper we present our vibrotactile chair, a social interface for the blind. With this chair the blind can get on-line emotion information from the person he / she is heading to. This greatly enhances communication ability and improve the quality of social life of the blind. In the paper we are discussing technical challenges and design principles behind the chair, and introduce the experimental platform: tactile facial expression appearance recognition system (TEARS)TM".
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| 27. |
- Liu, LI, et al.
(författare)
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Tactile video
- 2002
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Ingår i: Vinnova och SSFs medicintekniska konferens 2002. - : Vinnova.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 28. |
- Lu, G., et al.
(författare)
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Multi-modal emotion feature fusion method based on genetic algorithm
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications. - : Journal of Nanjing Institute of Posts and Telecommunications. - 1673-5439. ; 39:5, s. 41-47
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To improve the accuracy of the emotion recognition,aiming at the low accuracy of the single-modal emotion recognition and the shortcomings of conventional feature fusion methods,this paper proposes a multi-modal emotion feature fusion method based on a genetic algorithm.The features from multiple emotion modalities are selected,crossed and recombined by using the genetic algorithm.The emotion recognition tests are carried out in eNTRAFACE'05 audio-visual emotion database.The performance of the single-modal emotion recognition based on the facial expression or speech and various bimodal emotion recognitions based on the feature level or the decision level fusion are compared.Experimental results show that the performance of the bimodal emotion recognition is better than that of the single-modal emotion recognition,and the proposed method based on genetic algorithm is superior to other conventional feature fusion methods,thus demonstrating the feasibility and the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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| 29. |
- Maddali, Manoj V., et al.
(författare)
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Validation and utility of ARDS subphenotypes identified by machine-learning models using clinical data : an observational, multicohort, retrospective analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine. - 2213-2600. ; 10:4, s. 367-377
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Two acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) subphenotypes (hyperinflammatory and hypoinflammatory) with distinct clinical and biological features and differential treatment responses have been identified using latent class analysis (LCA) in seven individual cohorts. To facilitate bedside identification of subphenotypes, clinical classifier models using readily available clinical variables have been described in four randomised controlled trials. We aimed to assess the performance of these models in observational cohorts of ARDS. Methods: In this observational, multicohort, retrospective study, we validated two machine-learning clinical classifier models for assigning ARDS subphenotypes in two observational cohorts of patients with ARDS: Early Assessment of Renal and Lung Injury (EARLI; n=335) and Validating Acute Lung Injury Markers for Diagnosis (VALID; n=452), with LCA-derived subphenotypes as the gold standard. The primary model comprised only vital signs and laboratory variables, and the secondary model comprised all predictors in the primary model, with the addition of ventilatory variables and demographics. Model performance was assessed by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and calibration plots, and assigning subphenotypes using a probability cutoff value of 0·5 to determine sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the assignments. We also assessed the performance of the primary model in EARLI using data automatically extracted from an electronic health record (EHR; EHR-derived EARLI cohort). In Large Observational Study to Understand the Global Impact of Severe Acute Respiratory Failure (LUNG SAFE; n=2813), a multinational, observational ARDS cohort, we applied a custom classifier model (with fewer variables than the primary model) to determine the prognostic value of the subphenotypes and tested their interaction with the positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) strategy, with 90-day mortality as the dependent variable. Findings: The primary clinical classifier model had an area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0·92 (95% CI 0·90–0·95) in EARLI and 0·88 (0·84–0·91) in VALID. Performance of the primary model was similar when using exclusively EHR-derived predictors compared with manually curated predictors (AUC=0·88 [95% CI 0·81–0·94] vs 0·92 [0·88–0·97]). In LUNG SAFE, 90-day mortality was higher in patients assigned the hyperinflammatory subphenotype than in those with the hypoinflammatory phenotype (414 [57%] of 725 vs 694 [33%] of 2088; p<0·0001). There was a significant treatment interaction with PEEP strategy and ARDS subphenotype (p=0·041), with lower 90-day mortality in the high PEEP group of patients with the hyperinflammatory subphenotype (hyperinflammatory subphenotype: 169 [54%] of 313 patients in the high PEEP group vs 127 [62%] of 205 patients in the low PEEP group; hypoinflammatory subphenotype: 231 [34%] of 675 patients in the high PEEP group vs 233 [32%] of 734 patients in the low PEEP group). Interpretation: Classifier models using clinical variables alone can accurately assign ARDS subphenotypes in observational cohorts. Application of these models can provide valuable prognostic information and could inform management strategies for personalised treatment, including application of PEEP, once prospectively validated. Funding: US National Institutes of Health and European Society of Intensive Care Medicine.
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| 30. |
- Qian, Junpeng, et al.
(författare)
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Vision-Based Contactless Pose Estimation for Human Thermal Discomfort
- 2020
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Ingår i: Atmosphere. - : MDPI. - 2073-4433. ; 11:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Real-time and effective human thermal discomfort detection plays a critical role in achieving energy efficient control of human centered intelligent buildings because estimation results can provide effective feedback signals to heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. How to detect occupant thermal discomfort is a challenge. Unfortunately, contact or semi-contact perception methods are inconvenient in practical application. From the contactless perspective, a kind of vision-based contactless human discomfort pose estimation method was proposed in this paper. Firstly, human pose data were captured from a vision-based sensor, and corresponding human skeleton information was extracted. Five thermal discomfort-related human poses were analyzed, and corresponding algorithms were constructed. To verify the effectiveness of the algorithms, 16 subjects were invited for physiological experiments. The validation results show that the proposed algorithms can recognize the five human poses of thermal discomfort.
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| 31. |
- Shao, Wen-Ze, et al.
(författare)
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DeblurGAN plus : Revisiting blind motion deblurring using conditional adversarial networks
- 2020
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Ingår i: Signal Processing. - : ELSEVIER. - 0165-1684 .- 1872-7557. ; 168
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work studies dynamic scene deblurring (DSD) of a single photograph, mainly motivated by the very recent DeblurGAN method. It is discovered that training the generator alone of DeblurGAN will result in both regular checkerboard effects and irregular block color excursions unexpectedly. In this paper, two aspects of endeavors are made for a more effective and robust adversarial learning approach to DSD. On the one hand, a kind of opposite-channel -based discriminative priors is developed, improving the deblurring performance of DeblurGAN without additional computational burden in the testing phase. On the other hand, a computationally more efficient while architecturally more robust auto -encoder is developed as a substitute of the original generator in DeblurGAN, promoting DeblurGAN to a new state-of-the-art method for DSD. For brevity, the proposed approach is dubbed as DeblurGAN+. Experimental results on the benchmark GoPro dataset validate that DeblurGAN+ achieves more than 1.5 dB improvement than DeblurGAN in terms of PSNR as trained utilizing the same amount of data. More importantly, the results on realistic non -uniform blurred images demonstrate that DeblurGAN+ is really more effective than DeblurGAN as well as most of variational model-based methods in terms of both blur removal and detail recovery.
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| 32. |
- Shao, Wen-Ze, et al.
(författare)
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Nonparametric Blind Super-Resolution Using Adaptive Heavy-Tailed Priors
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision. - : Springer. - 0924-9907 .- 1573-7683. ; 61:6, s. 885-917
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Single-image nonparametric blind super-resolution is a fundamental image restoration problem yet largely ignored in the past decades among the computational photography and computer vision communities. An interesting phenomenon is observed that learning-based single-image super-resolution (SR) has been experiencing a rapid development since the boom of the sparse representation in 2005s and especially the representation learning in 2010s, wherein the high-res image is generally blurred by a supposed bicubic or Gaussian blur kernel. However, the parametric assumption on the form of blur kernels does not hold in most practical applications because in real low-res imaging a high-res image can undergo complex blur processes, e.g., Gaussian-shaped kernels of varying sizes, ellipse-shaped kernels of varying orientations, curvilinear kernels of varying trajectories. The paper is mainly motivated by one of our previous works: Shao and Elad (in: Zhang (ed) ICIG 2015, Part III, Lecture notes in computer science, Springer, Cham, 2015). Specifically, we take one step further in this paper and present a type of adaptive heavy-tailed image priors, which result in a new regularized formulation for nonparametric blind super-resolution. The new image priors can be expressed and understood as a generalized integration of the normalized sparsity measure and relative total variation. Although it seems that the proposed priors are simple, the core merit of the priors is their practical capability for the challenging task of nonparametric blur kernel estimation for both super-resolution and deblurring. Harnessing the priors, a higher-quality intermediate high-res image becomes possible and therefore more accurate blur kernel estimation can be accomplished. A great many experiments are performed on both synthetic and real-world blurred low-res images, demonstrating the comparative or even superior performance of the proposed algorithm convincingly. Meanwhile, the proposed priors are demonstrated quite applicable to blind image deblurring which is a degenerated problem of nonparametric blind SR.
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| 33. |
- Shao, Wen-Ze, et al.
(författare)
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On potentials of regularized Wasserstein generative adversarial networks for realistic hallucination of tiny faces
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Neurocomputing. - : ELSEVIER. - 0925-2312 .- 1872-8286. ; 364, s. 1-15
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Super-resolution of facial images, a.k.a. face hallucination, has been intensively studied in the past decades due to the increasingly emerging analysis demands in video surveillance, e.g., face detection, verification, identification. However, the actual performance of most previous hallucination approaches will drop dramatically when a very low-res tiny face is provided, due to the challenging multimodality of the problem as well as lack of an informative prior as a strong semantic guidance. Inspired by the latest progress in deep unsupervised learning, this paper focuses on tiny faces of size 16 x 16 pixels, hallucinating them to their 8 x upsampling versions by exploring the potentials of Wasserstein generative adversarial networks (WGAN). Besides a pixel-wise L2 regularization term imposed to the generative model, it is found that our advocated autoencoding generator with both residual and skip connections is a critical component for WGAN representing the facial contour and semantic content to a reasonable precision. With the additional Lipschitz penalty and architectural considerations for the critic in WGAN, the proposed approach finally achieves state-of-the-art hallucination performance in terms of both visual perception and objective assessment. The cropped CelebA face dataset is primarily used to aid the tuning and analysis of the new method, termed as tfh-WGAN. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach not only achieves realistic hallucination of tiny faces, but also adapts to pose, expression, illuminance and occluded variations to a great degree.
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| 34. |
- Sun, Wenbo, et al.
(författare)
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Quantifying H&E staining results, grading and predicting IDH mutation status of gliomas using hybrid multi-dimensional MRI
-
Ingår i: Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine. - 0968-5243.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To assess the performance of hybrid multi-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (HM-MRI) in quantifying hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining results, grading and predicting isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation status of gliomas. Materials and methods: Included were 71 glioma patients (mean age, 50.17 ± 13.38 years; 35 men). HM-MRI images were collected at five different echo times (80–200 ms) with seven b-values (0–3000 s/mm2). A modified three-compartment model with very-slow, slow and fast diffusion components was applied to calculate HM-MRI metrics, including fractions, diffusion coefficients and T2 values of each component. Pearson correlation analysis was performed between HM-MRI derived fractions and H&E staining derived percentages. HM-MRI metrics were compared between high-grade and low-grade gliomas, and between IDH-wild and IDH-mutant gliomas. Using receiver operational characteristic (ROC) analysis, the diagnostic performance of HM-MRI in grading and genotyping was compared with mono-exponential models. Results: HM-MRI metrics FDvery-slow and FDslow demonstrated a significant correlation with the H&E staining results (p <.05). Besides, FDvery-slow showed the highest area under ROC curve (AUC = 0.854) for grading, while Dslow showed the highest AUC (0.845) for genotyping. Furthermore, a combination of HM-MRI metrics FDvery-slow and T2Dslow improved the diagnostic performance for grading (AUC = 0.876). Discussion: HM-MRI can aid in non-invasive diagnosis of gliomas.
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| 35. |
- ur Réhman, Shafiq, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Facial expression appearance for tactile perception of emotions
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Swedish symposium on image analysis, 2007. ; , s. 157-160
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To enhance the daily life experience for visually challengedpersons, the Facial Expression Appearance for Tactile systemis proposed. The manifold of facial expressions is used fortactile perception. Locally Linear Embedding (LLE) codingalgorithm is implemented for tactile display. LLE algorithmis extended to handle the real time video coding. The vibrotactilechair as a social interface for the blind is used to displaythe facial expression. The chair provides the visuallyimpaired with on-line emotion information about the personhe/she is approaching. The preliminary results are encouragingand show that it greatly enhances communication abilityof the visually impaired person.
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| 36. |
- ur Réhman, Shafiq, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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How to use manual labelers in evaluation of lip analysis systems?
- 2009
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Ingår i: Visual speech recognition. - USA : IGI Global. - 9781605661865 ; , s. 239-259
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this chapter is not to describe any lip analysis algorithms but rather to discuss some of the issues involved in evaluating and calibrating labeled lip features from human operators. In the chapter we question the common practice in the field: using manual lip labels directly as the ground truth for the evaluation of lip analysis algorithms. Our empirical results using an Expectation-Maximization procedure show that subjective noise in manual labelers can be quite significant in terms of quantifying both human and algorithm extraction performance. To train and evaluate a lip analysis system one can measure the performance of human operators and infer the “ground truth” from the manual labelers, simultaneously.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Ur Réhman, Shafiq, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Lip Localization and Performance Evaluation
- 2007
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Ingår i: IEEE int'l Conf. on Machine Vision (ICMV' 2007), Pakistan. - 9781424416240 ; , s. 29-34
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 39. |
- ur Réhman, Shafiq, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Lip segmentation : performance evaluation criteria
- 2006
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this work, we determined the measure to compare and evaluate the performance of lip detection techniques.Despite of a number of methods used for lip-detecction/localization, a reliable method for comparing and determining the quality of the result is still missing. The proposed criterion ensures the clear and fair way to report the results so that mentioned results can be comparable and measurable to enhance the quality of lip detection and/or error rate. After applying the EM-like algorithm it is showed that performance of the specific technique can be evaluated.
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| 40. |
- ur Réhman, Shafiq, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Lipless tracking and emotion estimation
- 2007
-
Ingår i: <em>Proceedings of IEEE 3rd International Conference on Signal ImageTechnology & Internet based Systems </em>. - Shanghai, China : IEEE. - 9780769531229 ; , s. 768-774
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Automatic human lip tracking is one of the key components to many facial image analysis tasks, such as, lip-reading and emotion from lips. It has been a classical hard image analysis problem over decades. In this paper, we propose an indirect lip tracking strategy: ‘lipless tracking’. It is based on the observation that many of us don’t have clear lips and some even don’t have visible lips. The strategy is to select and localize stable lip features around the mouth for tracking. For this purpose deformable contour-segments are modelled based on lip features and tracking is done using dynamic programming and viterbi algorithm. The strength of proposed algorithm is demonstrated in emotion estimation domain. Finally, real-time video experiments performed on private and publicly available data sets (MMI face database) have shown the robustness of our proposed lipless tracking technique.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- ur Réhman, Shafiq, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Tactile car warning system
- 2005
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Ingår i: Proceedings of first joint Euro Haptics conference and symposium on haptic interfaces for virtual environment and teleoperator systems. - Pisa, Italy : IEEE.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Driving on the busy road is a critical job. Drivers need to combine all senses to solve to handle upcoming events and situations. According to recent survey pedestrian based accidents represent a huge portion of traffic accidents in EU, it is stated that more than 200,000 pedestrians are injured and about 9,000 are killed in accidents yearly. Enormous amounts of research have been on the detectionDriving on the busy road is a critical job. Drivers need to combine all senses to solve to handle upcoming events and situations. According to recent survey pedestrian based accidents represent a huge portion of traffic accidents in EU, it is stated that more than 200,000 pedestrians are injured and about 9,000 are killed in accidents yearly. Enormous amounts of research have been on the detection of pedestrian from moving platform using different image processing techniques like shape/texture-based method. Currently, Guilloux and his colleague pointed out the advantages of using infrared cameras. A few pedestrian detection systems using infrared video sequences have been experimented as well. The possibilities of using the human hands as tactile sensory input are explored by the researchers in order to obtain precise knowledge for building tactual display. Recently a number of vibrotactile devices have been accessible for experimental as well as commercial reason. We present a driver assistant system which will provide tactual alert on detection of the pedestrians. The Different issues regarding the development of driver assistant program are considered. Here the Template matching based pedestrian detection in infrared videos is performed. Finally, ‘Driver assistant system’ experiment is presented.
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| 43. |
- ur Réhman, Shafiq, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
-
Turn your mobile into the football : rendering live football game by vibration
- 2008
-
Ingår i: IEEE transactions on multimedia. - 1520-9210 .- 1941-0077. ; 10:6, s. 1022-1033
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vibration offers many potential benefits for the use of mobile phones. In this paper, we propose a new method of rendering live football game on mobile phones using vibration. A mobile phone is “synchronized” with the ball in the real field. By holding the phone, users are able to experience dynamic movements of the ball, to know attacking directions and which team is leading the attack. The usability test of our system shows that vibrotactile display is suitable for rendering live football information on mobile phones by adopting designed coding schemes with a right training process.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- ur Réhman, Shafiq, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Vibrotactile TV for immersive experience
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference (APSIPA), 2014 Asia-Pacific. - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9786163618238
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Audio and video are two powerful media forms to shorten the distance between audience/viewer and actors or players in the TV and films. The recent research shows that today people are using more and more multimedia contents on mobile devices, such as tablets and smartphones. Therefore, an important question emerges - how can we render high-quality, personal immersive experiences to consumers on these systems? To give audience an immersive engagement that differs from `watching a play', we have designed a study to render complete immersive media which include the `emotional information' based on augmented vibrotactile-coding on the back of the user along with audio-video signal. The reported emotional responses to videos viewed with and without haptic enhancement, show that participants exhibited an increased emotional response to media with haptic enhancement. Overall, these studies suggest that the effectiveness of our approach and using a multisensory approach increase immersion and user satisfaction.
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| 46. |
- Wang, Longxin, et al.
(författare)
-
Telomere-to-telomere and haplotype-resolved genome assembly of the Chinese cork oak (Quercus variabilis)
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Plant Science. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-462X. ; 14
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Quercus variabilis, a deciduous broadleaved tree species, holds significant ecological and economical value. While a chromosome-level genome for this species has been made available, it remains riddled with unanchored sequences and gaps. In this study, we present a nearly complete comprehensive telomere-to-telomere (T2T) and haplotype-resolved reference genome for Q. variabilis. This was achieved through the integration of ONT ultra-long reads, PacBio HiFi long reads, and Hi-C data. The resultant two haplotype genomes measure 789 Mb and 768 Mb in length, with a contig N50 of 65 Mb and 56 Mb, and were anchored to 12 allelic chromosomes. Within this T2T haplotype-resolved assembly, we predicted 36,830 and 36,370 protein-coding genes, with 95.9% and 96.0% functional annotation for each haplotype genome. The availability of the T2T and haplotype-resolved reference genome lays a solid foundation, not only for illustrating genome structure and functional genomics studies but also to inform and facilitate genetic breeding and improvement of cultivated Quercus species.
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| 47. |
- Yan, Jingjie, et al.
(författare)
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FENP : A Database of Neonatal Facial Expression for Pain Analysis
- 2023
-
Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1949-3045. ; 14:1, s. 245-254
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, we introduce a new neonatal facial expression database for pain analysis. This database, called facial expression of neonatal pain (FENP), contains 11,000 neonatal facial expression images associated with 106 Chinese neonates from two children's hospitals, i.e., the Children's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University and Second Affiliated Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University in China. The facial expression images cover four categories of facial expressions, i.e., severe pain expression, mild pain expression, crying expression and calmness expression, where each category contains 2750 neonatal facial expression images. Based on this database, we also investigate the pain facial expression recognition problem using several state-of-the-art facial expression features and expression recognition methods, such as Gabor+SVM, LBP+SVM, HOG+SVM, LBP+HOG+SVM, and several Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) methods (including AlexNet, VGGNet, GoogLeNet, ResNet and DenseNet). The experimental results indicate that the proposed neonatal pain facial expression database is very suitable for the study of both neonatal pain and facial expression recognition. Moreover, the FENP database is publicly available after signing a license agreement (the users can contact Jingjie Yan (yanjingjie@njupt.edu.cn), Guanming Lu (lugm@njupt.edu.cn)) or Xiaonan Li (xnli@njmu.edu.cn).
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| 48. |
- Yousefi, Shahrouz, et al.
(författare)
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3D gesture analysis using a large-scale gesture database
- 2014
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Ingår i: Advances in Visual Computing (ISVC 2014), Pt 1. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319142494 - 9783319142487 ; , s. 206-217
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- 3D gesture analysis is a highly desired feature of future interaction design. Specifically, in augmented environments, intuitive interaction with the physical space seems unavoidable and 3D gestural interaction might be the most effective alternative for the current input facilities. This paper, introduces a novel solution for real-time 3D gesture analysis using an extremely large gesture database. This database includes the images of various articulated hand gestures with the annotated 3D position/orientation parameters of the hand joints. Our unique search algorithm is based on the hierarchical scoring of the low-level edge-orientation features between the query input and database and retrieving the best match. Once the best match is found from the database in real-time, the pre-calculated 3D parameters can instantly be used for gesture-based interaction.
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| 49. |
- Yuan, Shichen, et al.
(författare)
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Balancing Charge Injection via a Tailor-Made Electron-Transporting Material for High Performance Blue Perovskite QLEDs
- 2023
-
Ingår i: ACS Energy Letters. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 2380-8195. ; 8:1, s. 818-826
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the great challenges in perovskite quantum dot light-emitting diodes (Pe-QLEDs) is the unbalanced charge injection that significantly hinders the device performance and stability. Herein, we tailor-made a high mobility electron-transporting material (ETM), named B2, to balance the carrier injection in blue Pe-QLEDs. B2 with a tailored asymmetric anthracenyl structure exhibits a promising electron mobility of 2.7 x 10(-4) cm(2)center dot V-1 center dot s(-1), which is almost 20 times higher than the commonly used ETM-TPBi (1.1 x 10(-5) cm(2)center dot V-1 center dot s(-1)). Subsequently, sky blue (490 nm) Pe-QLED with B2 as the ETM presented a remarkably high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 13.17% and a low turn-on voltage of 2.2 V, which is much better than that of the TPBi-based device (EQE of 8.31% and Vturn-on of 3.2 V). In addition, B2 also demonstrated a universal application in green and deep blue Pe-QLEDs. This work provides an important guidance to rational design of high electron mobility ETMs for high-performance LEDs.
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| 50. |
- Zhu, Haibo, et al.
(författare)
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Insight into Benzothiadiazole Acceptor in D-A-pi-A Configuration on Photovoltaic Performances of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
- 2014
-
Ingår i: ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2168-0485. ; 2:4, s. 1026-1034
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The option of conjugated pi-linkers is critical for molecular engineering toward the energy-level strategy of donor-pi-acceptor (D-pi-A) sensitizers. There is always a balance in the optimization of a it-linker. The pi-conjugation should be enlarged to expand the light-harvesting capability of sensitizers for an increase in photocurrent; however, the oversized it-linker also would affect seriously the photovoltage and photostability. Two sensitizers, WS-22 and WS-23, are constructed without or with benzothiadiazole (BTD) in a molecular skeleton, aiming to gain insight into the effect of an auxiliary acceptor in D-A-pi-A sensitizers on the photophysical and photovoltaic performances, especially focusing on the exploitation of the short circuit current density (J(sc)) and open circuit voltage (V-oc). Compared with the typical D-pi-A sensitizer WS-22, the incorporation of an auxiliary acceptor of BTD in WS-23 can improve the light-harvesting ability both in red-shifting the absorption peaks and the increment of absorption coefficient. The predominant increase by 15.6% in light-harvesting efficiency (LHE) of WS-23 results in a relatively higher J(sc) from 13.77 (WS-22) to 16.91 mA cm(-2) (WS-23). Moreover, the improvement of the V-oc in WS-23 is originated by a synergy contribution of the uplifting of E-CB and inhibition of charge recombination. The stepped light-induced transient (SLIT) measurements indicate that the introduction of BTD can negatively shift the conduction band of the TiO2 film. For WS-23, the higher molecular dipole moment can bring forth a more effective charge separation between donor and acceptor units, also resulting in an increase in V-oc. The incorporated BTD unit can increase V-oc by 57 mV, arising from the CB edge shift of TiO2 (accounting for 40%, 23 mV) and the retarding charge recombination (accounting for 60%, 34 mV). As a consequence, WS-23 realizes an optimizing photovoltaic efficiency (eta = 8.15%), with an improvement of 36.5% with respect to WS-22.
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