| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Zhang, Lingling, et al.
(författare)
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Integrative analysis of γδT cells and dietary factors reveals predictive values for autism spectrum disorder in children
- 2023
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Ingår i: Brain, behavior, and immunity. - 0889-1591 .- 1090-2139. ; 111, s. 76-89
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) includes a range of multifactorial neurodevelopmental disabilities characterized by a variable set of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Immunological abnormalities have been considered to play important roles in the pathogenesis of ASD, but it is still unknown which abnormalities are more prominent. Methods: A total of 105 children with ASD and 105 age and gender-matched typically developing (TD) children were recruited. An eating and mealtime behavior questionnaire, dietary habits, and the Bristol Stool Scale were investigated. The immune cell profiles in peripheral blood were analyzed by flow cytometry, and cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17A, and TNF-α) in plasma were examined by Luminex assay. The obtained results were further validated using an external validation cohort including 82 children with ASD and 51 TD children. Results: Compared to TD children, children with ASD had significant eating and mealtime behavioral changes and gastrointestinal symptoms characterized by increased food fussiness and emotional eating, decreased fruit and vegetable consumption, and increased stool astriction. The proportion of γδT cells was significantly higher in children with ASD than TD children (β: 0.156; 95% CI: 0.888 ∼ 2.135, p < 0.001) even after adjusting for gender, eating and mealtime behaviors, and dietary habits. In addition, the increased γδT cells were evident in all age groups (age < 48 months: β: 0.288; 95% CI: 0.420 ∼ 4.899, p = 0.020; age ≥ 48 months: β: 0.458; 95% CI: 0.694 ∼ 9.352, p = 0.024), as well as in boys (β: 0.174; 95% CI: 0.834 ∼ 2.625, p < 0.001) but not in girls. These findings were also confirmed by an external validation cohort. Furthermore, IL-17, but not IFN-γ, secretion by the circulating γδT cells was increased in ASD children. Machine learning revealed that the area under the curve in nomogram plots for increased γδT cells combined with eating behavior/dietary factors was 0.905, which held true in both boys and girls and in all the age groups of ASD children. The decision curves showed that children can receive significantly higher diagnostic benefit within the threshold probability range from 0 to 1.0 in the nomogram model. Conclusions: Children with ASD present with divergent eating and mealtime behaviors and dietary habits as well as gastrointestinal symptoms. In peripheral blood, γδT cells but not αβT cells are associated with ASD. The increased γδT cells combined with eating and mealtime behavior/dietary factors have a high value for assisting in the diagnosis of ASD.
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| 3. |
- Liu, Yi, et al.
(författare)
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Porous, robust, thermally stable, and flame retardant nanocellulose/polyimide separators for safe lithium-ion batteries
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 11:43, s. 23360-23369
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The safety of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is paramount for all users. One effective way to improve safety is incorporating heat-resistant polyimide (PI) separators, which can increase the thermal stability of batteries and minimize the risk of thermal runaway. However, preparing PI separators with both an ideal pore structure and adequate mechanical properties remains as a challenge. Here, we introduced decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) into PI and produced a hybrid separator with an outstanding pore structure and excellent mechanical properties. Aided with DBDPE, the separators attain a well-defined and uniform pore size (20 nm), while demonstrating high porosities (78%) through phase inversion processes. Owing to the addition of CNFs, the mechanical properties of the separators were significantly improved, with a tensile strength of 25.4 MPa and an elastic modulus of 550.1 MPa. Moreover, the separators demonstrate high ion conductivity (0.45 mS cm-1), excellent thermal-dimensional stability (up to 200 degrees C), remarkable flame retardancy, and outstanding electrolyte wettability. At room temperature, the batteries with the separators demonstrate comparable performance with those of polypropylene (PP) separators. However, when subjected to thermal shock treatments, the batteries with the separators outperform those with PP, showcasing their superior performance. The work introduces a novel strategy for designing high-performance separators, thereby paving the way for advancements in the fabrication of LIBs with enhanced safety features. A porous, robust, and thermally stable hybrid separator was developed to solve the dilemma between desired pore structures and mechanical properties in polyimide separators by introducing decabromodiphenyl ethane and cellulose nanofibers.
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| 4. |
- Marouli, Eirini, et al.
(författare)
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Rare and low-frequency coding variants alter human adult height
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 542:7640, s. 186-190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Height is a highly heritable, classic polygenic trait with approximately 700 common associated variants identified through genome-wide association studies so far. Here, we report 83 height-associated coding variants with lower minor-allele frequencies (in the range of 0.1-4.8%) and effects of up to 2 centimetres per allele (such as those in IHH, STC2, AR and CRISPLD2), greater than ten times the average effect of common variants. In functional follow-up studies, rare height increasing alleles of STC2 (giving an increase of 1-2 centimetres per allele) compromised proteolytic inhibition of PAPP-A and increased cleavage of IGFBP-4 in vitro, resulting in higher bioavailability of insulin-like growth factors. These 83 height-associated variants overlap genes that are mutated in monogenic growth disorders and highlight new biological candidates (such as ADAMTS3, IL11RA and NOX4) and pathways (such as proteoglycan and glycosaminoglycan synthesis) involved in growth. Our results demonstrate that sufficiently large sample sizes can uncover rare and low-frequency variants of moderate-to-large effect associated with polygenic human phenotypes, and that these variants implicate relevant genes and pathways.
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| 5. |
- Turcot, Valerie, et al.
(författare)
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Protein-altering variants associated with body mass index implicate pathways that control energy intake and expenditure in obesity
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 50:1, s. 26-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified >250 loci for body mass index (BMI), implicating pathways related to neuronal biology. Most GWAS loci represent clusters of common, noncoding variants from which pinpointing causal genes remains challenging. Here we combined data from 718,734 individuals to discover rare and low-frequency (minor allele frequency (MAF) < 5%) coding variants associated with BMI. We identified 14 coding variants in 13 genes, of which 8 variants were in genes (ZBTB7B, ACHE, RAPGEF3, RAB21, ZFHX3, ENTPD6, ZFR2 and ZNF169) newly implicated in human obesity, 2 variants were in genes (MC4R and KSR2) previously observed to be mutated in extreme obesity and 2 variants were in GIPR. The effect sizes of rare variants are similar to 10 times larger than those of common variants, with the largest effect observed in carriers of an MC4R mutation introducing a stop codon (p.Tyr35Ter, MAF = 0.01%), who weighed similar to 7 kg more than non-carriers. Pathway analyses based on the variants associated with BMI confirm enrichment of neuronal genes and provide new evidence for adipocyte and energy expenditure biology, widening the potential of genetically supported therapeutic targets in obesity.
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| 6. |
- Chen, Anqi, et al.
(författare)
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Highly Sensitive Graphene Oxide-based Fabry-Perot Low-frequency Acoustic Sensor With Low-coherence Polarized Demodulation Using Three-step Phase-Shifting Arctan Algorithms
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Lightwave Technology. - 0733-8724 .- 1558-2213. ; In Press
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Developing low-frequency acoustic senor with high sensitivity is crucial for diverse applications, ranging from seismic monitoring, military operations, to pipeline surveillance. Here, we have proposed a high-sensitivity graphene oxide (GO)-based Fabry-Perot low-frequency sensor, in which a 170 nm thick, large-area and uniformly GO film was prepared by a vacuum filtration method. To enhance the accuracy and stability of the sensor, a low-coherence interference system based on birefringent crystal blocks was designed utilizing a three-step phase-shifting arctangent algorithm. Our sensor exhibited a sensitivity of -93.48 dB re 1 rad/μPa at 6-60 Hz with a fluctuation of 0.6 dB. The minimum detectable pressure of the sensor was measured at 0.37 μPa/Hz1/2 @20 Hz with a signal to noise ratio of 135.41 dB. Overall, this sensor offers simplicity in preparation, high sensitivity, low detectable sound pressure, making it a significant asset for low-frequency acoustic applications.
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| 7. |
- Justice, Anne E., et al.
(författare)
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Protein-coding variants implicate novel genes related to lipid homeostasis contributing to body-fat distribution
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 51:3, s. 452-469
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Body-fat distribution is a risk factor for adverse cardiovascular health consequences. We analyzed the association of body-fat distribution, assessed by waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index, with 228,985 predicted coding and splice site variants available on exome arrays in up to 344,369 individuals from five major ancestries (discovery) and 132,177 European-ancestry individuals (validation). We identified 15 common (minor allele frequency, MAF >= 5%) and nine low-frequency or rare (MAF < 5%) coding novel variants. Pathway/gene set enrichment analyses identified lipid particle, adiponectin, abnormal white adipose tissue physiology and bone development and morphology as important contributors to fat distribution, while cross-trait associations highlight cardiometabolic traits. In functional follow-up analyses, specifically in Drosophila RNAi-knockdowns, we observed a significant increase in the total body triglyceride levels for two genes (DNAH10 and PLXND1). We implicate novel genes in fat distribution, stressing the importance of interrogating low-frequency and protein-coding variants.
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| 8. |
- Tang, Sui, et al.
(författare)
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Association of plant-based diet index with sleep quality in middle-aged and older adults : The Healthy Dance Study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Sleep Health. - : Elsevier. - 2352-7218 .- 2352-7226. ; 9:5, s. 698-703
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To investigate the association between plant-based diet indices and sleep quality in Chinese middle-aged and older adults.Methods: The study included 2424 participants aged 45 years and older. Dietary data were collected using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and sleep quality was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scale. Plant-based diet was categorized based on 3 indices (score range, 17-85) covering 17 food groups: the overall plant-based diet index, healthful plant-based diet index, and unhealthful plant-based diet index. The associations between these plant-based diet indices and sleep quality were examined using logistic and linear regression analyses.Results: After controlling for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and multiple disease-related factors, participants in the highest quartile of the healthful plant-based diet index had 0.55 higher odds of better sleep quality (95% CI: 0.42, 0.72; P-trend < .001). In contrast, participants in the highest quartile of the unhealthful plant-based diet index had 2.03 higher odds of poor sleep quality (95% CI: 1.51, 2.72; P-trend < .001). In addition, plant-based diet index and healthful plant-based diet index were inversely associated with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores, while unhealthful plant-based diet index and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores were positively associated.Conclusions: We found unhealthy plant-based diets are significantly associated with poor sleep quality. Adherence to overall plant-based diets, especially healthy plant-based diets, was positively associated with optimal sleep quality.(c) 2023 National Sleep Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 9. |
- Wang, Puyu, et al.
(författare)
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A Test Study of an Energy and Mass Balance Model Application to a Site on Urumqi Glacier No. 1, Chinese Tian Shan
- 2020
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Ingår i: Water. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4441. ; 12:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, energy and mass balance is quantified using an energy balance model to represent the glacier melt of Urumqi Glacier No. 1, Chinese Tian Shan. Based on data from an Automatic Weather Station (4025 m a.s.l) and the mass balance field survey data nearby on the East Branch of the glacier, the “COupled Snowpack and Ice surface energy and Mass balance model” (COSIMA) was used to derive energy and mass balance simulations during the ablation season of 2018. Results show that the modeled cumulative mass balance (−0.67 ± 0.03 m w.e.) agrees well with the in-situ measurements (−0.64 ± 0.16 m w.e.) (r2 = 0.96) with the relative difference within 5% during the study period. The correlation coefficient between modeled and observed surface temperatures is 0.88 for daily means. The main source of melt energy at the glacier surface is net shortwave radiation (84%) and sensible heat flux (16%). The energy expenditures are from net longwave radiation (55%), heat flux for snow/ice melting (32%), latent heat flux of sublimation and evaporation (7%), and subsurface heat flux (6%). The sensitivity testing of mass balance shows that mass balance is more sensitive to temperature increase and precipitation decrease than temperature decrease and precipitation increase.
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| 10. |
- Yue, Siyao, et al.
(författare)
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Brown carbon from biomass burning imposes strong circum-Arctic warming
- 2022
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Ingår i: ONE EARTH. - : Elsevier BV. - 2590-3330 .- 2590-3322. ; 5:3, s. 293-304
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rapid warming in the Arctic has a huge impact on the global environment. Atmospheric brown carbon (BrC) is one of the least understood and uncertain warming agents due to a scarcity of observations. Here, we performed direct observations of atmospheric BrC and quantified its light-absorbing properties during a 2 month circum-Arctic cruise in summer of 2017. Through observation-constrained modeling, we show that BrC, mainly originated from biomass burning in the mid-to high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere (similar to 60%), can be a strong warming agent in the Arctic region, especially in the summer, with an average radiative forcing of-90 mW m(-2) (similar to 30% relative to black carbon). As climate change is projected to increase the frequency, intensity, and spread of wildfires, we expect BrC to play an increasing role in Arctic warming in the future.
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| 11. |
- Ding, Haoming, et al.
(författare)
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Progress in Structural Tailoring and Properties of Ternary Layered Ceramics
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Inorganic Materials. - : SCIENCE PRESS. - 1000-324X. ; 38:8, s. 845-884
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- MAX/MAB phases are a series of non-van der Waals ternary layered ceramic materials with a hexagonal structure, rich in elemental composition and crystal structure, and embody physical properties of both ceramics and metals. They exhibit great potential for applications in extreme environments such as high temperature, strong corrosion, and irradiation. In recent years, two-dimensional (2D) materials derived from the MAX/MAB phase (MXene and MBene) have attracted enormous interest in the fields of materials physics and materials chemistry and become a new 2D van der Waals material after graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides. Therefore, structural modulation of MAX/MAB phase materials is essential for understanding the intrinsic properties of this broad class of layered ceramics and for investigating the functional properties of their derived structures. In this paper, we summarize new developments in MAX/MAB phases in recent years in terms of structural modulation, theoretical calculation, and fundamental application research and provide an outlook on the key challenges and prospects for the future development of these layered materials.
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| 12. |
- Li, Cong, et al.
(författare)
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Targeted therapy with anlotinib for a leptomeningeal spread recurrent glioblastoma patient
- 2021
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Ingår i: NANOMEDICINE AND NEUROPROTECTION IN BRAIN DISEASES. - : ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC. - 9780323901628 ; , s. 407-414
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and the most aggressive primary malignant brain tumor in adults. Although tumor recurrence is inevitable, leptomeningeal spread is relatively rare. We describe a case of leptomeningeal spread recurrent GBM treated with anlotinib in this report. When the recurrent GBM patient had leptomeningeal spread was administered anlotinib 10mg p.o. once every day and added oral temozolomide chemotherapy 100mg/m(2) (days 1-7, days 15-21, 28-day cycle) after 3 months. The patient's overall survival time was more than 5 months and developed oral ulcer and acute cerebral infarction during his oral administration of anlotinib. This patient showed a favorable clinic outcome for treatment of leptomeningeal spread recurrent GBM with anlotinib and didn't show serious side effects.
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| 13. |
- Qin, Shuang-Jian, et al.
(författare)
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Neurotoxicity of fine and ultrafine particulate matter : a comprehensive review using a toxicity pathway-oriented adverse outcome pathway framework
- 2024
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 947
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) can cause brain damage and diseases. Of note, ultrafine particles (UFPs) with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 100 nm are a growing concern. Evidence has suggested toxic effects of PM2.5 and UFPs on the brain and links to neurological diseases. However, the underlying mechanism has not yet been fully illustrated due to the variety of the study models, different endpoints, etc. The adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework is a pathway-based approach that could systematize mechanistic knowledge to assist health risk assessment of pollutants. Here, we constructed AOPs by collecting molecular mechanisms in PM-induced neurotoxicity assessments. We chose particulate matter (PM) as a stressor in the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) and identified the critical toxicity pathways based on Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). We found 65 studies investigating the potential mechanisms linking PM2.5 and UFPs to neurotoxicity, which contained 2, 675 genes in all. IPA analysis showed that neuroinflammation signaling and glucocorticoid receptor signaling were the common toxicity pathways. The upstream regulator analysis (URA) of PM2.5 and UFPs demonstrated that the neuroinflammation signaling was the most initially triggered upstream event. Therefore, neuroinflammation was recognized as the MIE. Strikingly, there is a clear sequence of activation of downstream signaling pathways with UFPs, but not with PM2.5. Moreover, we found that inflammation response and homeostasis imbalance were key cellular events in PM2.5 and emphasized lipid metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) impairment in UFPs. Previous AOPs, which only focused on phenotypic changes in neurotoxicity upon PM exposure, we for the first time propose AOP framework in which PM2.5 and UFPs may activate pathway cascade reactions, resulting in adverse outcomes associated with neurotoxicity. Our toxicity pathway-based approach not only advances risk assessment for PM-induced neurotoxicity but shines a spotlight on constructing AOP frameworks for new chemicals.
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| 14. |
- Tong, Yiheng, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental Investigation on Effects of Central Air Jet on the Bluff-body Stabilized Premixed Methane-air Flame
- 2017
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Ingår i: Energy Procedia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1876-6102. ; 107, s. 23-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Flame stabilized by a bluff-body is a common scene in many engineering applications due to the enhanced mixing characteristics, improved flame stability, and ease of combustion control. We recently designed a burner which has a conical bluff body with a central air injector. In the current work, effects of the central air jet on the heat load of the bluff body, the flame structures and the flame blowoff limits were investigated. It was found that the central air jet can significantly reduce the heat load to the bluff body. It is a considerable solution to the problem caused by the high heat load in practical applications. The flame structures and blowout limits were altered with the addition of central air jet as well. Different blowout behaviors caused by the air jet were observed and reported. The bluff-body could be cooled down by the center air injection but then it seems not to stabilize the flame any more.
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| 15. |
- Tong, Yiheng, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental investigation on the influences of bluff-body's position on diffusion flame structures
- 2017
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Ingår i: Boilers and Heat Recovery Steam Generator; Combustion Turbines; Energy Water Sustainability; Fuels, Combustion and Material Handling; Heat Exchangers, Condensers, Cooling Systems, and Balance-of-Plant. - 9780791857601 ; 1
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Effects of the bluff-body's position on diffusion flame structures and flame instability characteristics were investigated experimentally. A flame regime diagram together with the corresponding flow fields were proposed to evaluate the influences caused by the alternation of bluff-body's position. The disk shape bluff-body was placed 10 mm downstream or at the same height with the annular channel exit. The bulk velocity of the annular air flow varied from 0 to 8.6m/s while the central jet fuel velocity ranged from 0 to 30m/s. Various flame patterns including the recirculation zone flame, the stable diffusion jet flame, split-flashing flame and lifted flame were observed and recorded with a high speed camera. It is found that the flame has approximately the same patterns with different bluff-body's positions, except for cases with high air flow rate (Ua > 6.8m/s) and low fuel flow rate (Uj < 5m/s). Under that operating conditions, placing the disk bluff-body 10 mm above the annular channel could better stabilize the flame. High speed Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) was also used to get deeper insight into the characteristics of the flow fields and flame stabilization. The size and strength of the recirculation zone downstream of the bluff-body altered with the changing of bluff-body's position and other operating conditions. The recirculation zone, in the burner with the bluff-body placed 10 mm above the air channel exit, was found larger and stronger than that in the other burner geometry. In the reacting case, a recirculation bubble was formed besides the bluff-body's outer wall which enhanced the flame stabilization. It is also found that the combustion changed the flow fields by enlarging the recirculation bubbles downstream of the bluff-body.
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| 16. |
- Tong, Yiheng, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental study on bluff-body stabilized premixed flame with a central air/fuel jet
- 2017
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Ingår i: Energies. - : MDPI AG. - 1996-1073. ; 10:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bluff-body flame holders are commonly employed in many industrial applications. A bluff-body is usually adopted to enhance the downstream mixing of the combustion products and the fresh fuel-air mixtures, thus to improve the flame stability and to control the combustion process. In the present paper, flames stabilized by a conical-shape bluff-body flame holder with a central air/fuel jet were studied. Effects of both a central air jet and a central fuel jet on the structures and lean blowout limits of the premixed annular flames, and on the temperature on the upper surface of the bluff-body were investigated and presented. It was revealed that a central jet led to a considerable reduction of the temperature on the upper surface of the bluff-body. It was proposed to be caused by the alternation of flow structures (in the case with a central air jet) altogether with the flame lifting from the burner (in the case with a central fuel jet). Thus, it might be used to solve the problem of the bluff-body with high heat loads in practical applications. The flame stability characteristics, for example the unstable flame dynamics and the lean blowout limits, varied with the injection of an air or fuel jet through the central pipe. Different blowout behaviors, being with or without the occurrence of flame split and flashing, caused by a central air jet were presented in the paper. In addition, when a small amount of central fuel jet (i.e., Uf/Ua = 0.045) was injected into the flow fields, an unsteady circular motion of the flame tip along the outer edge of the bluff-body was observed as well. Whereas, with an increase in the amount of the central fuel jet, the flame detached from the outer edge of the bluff-body and then became much more unstable. With a central air or fuel jet injecting into the flow field, premixed flames stabilized by the bluff-body became more unstable and easier to blowout.
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| 17. |
- Wang, Kai, et al.
(författare)
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Calculations with spectroscopic accuracy : Energies and transition rates in the nitrogen isoelectronic sequence from Ar XII to Zn XXIV
- 2016
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0067-0049 .- 1538-4365. ; 223:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Combined relativistic configuration interaction and many-body perturbation calculations are performed for the 359 fine-structure levels of the 2s2 2p3, 2 s2p4, 2p5, 2s2 2p2 3l, 2 s2p3 3l, 2p4 3l, and 2s2 2p2 4l configurations in N-like ions from Ar XII to Zn XXIV. Complete and consistent data sets of energies, wavelengths, radiative rates, oscillator strengths, and line strengths for all possible electric dipole, magnetic dipole, electric quadrupole, and magnetic quadrupole transitions among the 359 levels are given for each ion. The present work significantly increases the amount of accurate data for ions in the nitrogen-like sequence, and the accuracy of the energy levels is high enough to enable the identification and interpretation of observed spectra involving the n=3, 4 levels, for which experimental values are largely scarce. Meanwhile, the results should be of great help for modeling and diagnosing astrophysical and fusion plasmas.
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| 18. |
- Zhang, Yuan, et al.
(författare)
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Quantitative Proteomics of TRAMP Mice Combined with Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals That PDGF-B Regulatory Network Plays a Key Role in Prostate Cancer Progression
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Proteome Research. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1535-3893 .- 1535-3907. ; 17:7, s. 2401-2411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice is a widely used transgenic animal model of prostate cancer (PCa). We performed a label-free quantitative proteomics analysis combined with a bioinformatics analysis on the entire prostate protein extraction from TRAMP mice and compared it with WT littermates. From 2379 total identified proteins, we presented a modest mice prostate reference proteome containing 919 proteins. 61 proteins presented a significant expression difference between two groups. The integrative bioinformatics analysis predicted the overexpression of platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGF-B) in tumor tissues and supports the hypothesis of the PDGF-B signaling network as a key upstream regulator in PCa progression. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Crenolanib, a novel PDGF receptor inhibitor, inhibited PCa cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, we revealed the importance of PDGF-B regulatory network in PCa progression, which will assist us in understanding the role and mechanisms of PDGF-B in promoting cancer growth and provide valuable knowledge for future research on anti-PDGF therapy.
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| 19. |
- Zhu, Ziqiang, et al.
(författare)
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Integrative microRNA and mRNA expression profiling in acute aristolochic acid nephropathy in mice
- 2020
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Ingår i: Molecular Medicine Reports. - : Spandidos Publications. - 1791-2997 .- 1791-3004. ; 22:4, s. 3367-3377
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In acute aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN), aristolochic acid (AA) induces renal injury and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. However, the roles of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) and mRNAs involved in AAN are not clearly understood. The aim of the present study was to examine AA-induced genome-wide differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs and DE mRNAs using deep sequencing in mouse kidneys, and to analyze their regulatory networks. In the present self-controlled study, mice were treated with 5 mg/kg/day AA for 5 days, following unilateral nephrectomy. AA-induced renal injury and tubulointerstitial fibrosis were detected using hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson's trichrome staining in the mouse kidneys. A total of 82 DE miRNAs and 4,605 DE mRNAs were identified between the AA-treated group and the self-control group. Of these DE miRNAs and mRNAs, some were validated using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Expression levels of the profibrotic miR-21, miR-433 and miR-132 families were significantly increased, whereas expression levels of the anti-fibrotic miR-122-5p and let-7a-1-3p were significantly decreased. Functions and signaling pathways associated with the DE miRNAs and mRNAs were analyzed using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). A total of 767 DE pairs (in opposing directions) of miRNAs and their mRNA targets were identified. Among these, regulatory networks of miRNAs and mRNAs were analyzed using KEGG to identify enriched signaling pathways and extracellular matrix-associated pathways. In conclusion, the present study identified genome-wide DE miRNAs and mRNAs in the kidneys of AA-treated mice, as well as their regulatory pairs and signaling networks. The present results may improve the understanding of the role of DE miRNAs and their mRNA targets in the pathophysiology of acute AAN.
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| 20. |
- Abelev, Betty, et al.
(författare)
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Long-range angular correlations on the near and away side in p-Pb collisions at root S-NN=5.02 TeV
- 2013
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Ingår i: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 719:1-3, s. 29-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Angular correlations between charged trigger and associated particles are measured by the ALICE detector in p-Pb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV for transverse momentum ranges within 0.5 < P-T,P-assoc < P-T,P-trig < 4 GeV/c. The correlations are measured over two units of pseudorapidity and full azimuthal angle in different intervals of event multiplicity, and expressed as associated yield per trigger particle. Two long-range ridge-like structures, one on the near side and one on the away side, are observed when the per-trigger yield obtained in low-multiplicity events is subtracted from the one in high-multiplicity events. The excess on the near-side is qualitatively similar to that recently reported by the CMS Collaboration, while the excess on the away-side is reported for the first time. The two-ridge structure projected onto azimuthal angle is quantified with the second and third Fourier coefficients as well as by near-side and away-side yields and widths. The yields on the near side and on the away side are equal within the uncertainties for all studied event multiplicity and p(T) bins, and the widths show no significant evolution with event multiplicity or p(T). These findings suggest that the near-side ridge is accompanied by an essentially identical away-side ridge. (c) 2013 CERN. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 21. |
- Adyari, Bob, et al.
(författare)
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Strong impact of micropollutants on prokaryotic communities at the horizontal but not vertical scales in a subtropical reservoir, China
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 721
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Micropollutants have become of great concern, because of their disrupting effects on the structure and function of microbial communities. However, little is known about the relative importance of trace micropollutants on the aquatic prokaryotic communities as compared to the traditional physico-chemical characteristics, especially at different spatial dimensions. Here, we investigated free-living (FL) and particle-associated (PA) prokaryotic communities in a subtropical water reservoir, China, across seasons at horizontal (surface water) and vertical (depth-profile) scales by using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Our results showed that the shared variances of physico-chemicals and micropollutants explained majority of the spatial variations in prokaryotic communities, suggesting a strong joint effect of the two abiotic categories on reservoir prokaryotic communities. Micropollutants appeared to exert strong independent influence on the core sub-communities (i.e., abundant and wide-spread taxa) than on the satellite (i.e., less abundant and narrow-range taxa) counterparts. The pure effect of micropollutants on both core and satellite sub-communities from FL and PA fractions was similar to 1.5 folds greater than that of physico-chemical factors at the horizontal scale, whereas an opposite effect was observed at the vertical scale. Moreover, eight micropollutants including anti-fungal agents, antibiotics, bisphenol analogues, stimulant and UV-filter were identified as the major disrupting compounds with strong associations with core taxa of typical freshwater prokaryotes. Altogether, we concluded that the ecological disrupting effects of micropollutants on prokaryotic communities may vary along horizontal and vertical dimensions in freshwater ecosystems.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Aspeel, Antoine, et al.
(författare)
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A Low-Rank Approach to Minimize Sensor-to-Actuator Communication in Finite-Horizon Output Feedback
- 2023
-
Ingår i: IEEE Control Systems Letters. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 2475-1456. ; 7, s. 3609-3614
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many modern controllers are composed of different components that communicate in real-time over some network with limited resources. In this letter, we are interested in designing a controller that can be implemented with a minimum number of sensor-to-actuator messages, while satisfying safety constraints over a finite horizon. For finite horizon problems, a linear time-varying controller with memory can be represented as a block-lower-triangular matrix. We show that the rank of this matrix exactly captures the minimum number of messages needed to be sent from the sensors to actuators to implement such a controller. Moreover, we introduce a novel matrix factorization called causal factorization that gives the required implementation. Finally, we show that the rank of the controller is the same as the rank of the Youla parameter, enabling the Youla parametrization (or analogous parametrizations) to be used to design the controller, which reduces the overall design problem into a rank minimization one over a convex set. Finally, convex relaxations for rank are used to demonstrate that our approach leads to 20-50% less messages on a simulation than a benchmark method.
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| 24. |
- Bai, Pu, et al.
(författare)
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A Layered Cationic Aluminum Oxyhydroxide as a Highly Efficient and Selective Trap for Heavy Metal Oxyanions
- 2020
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Ingår i: Angewandte Chemie International Edition. - : Wiley. - 1433-7851 .- 1521-3773. ; 59:44, s. 19539-19544
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cationic framework materials, especially pure inorganic cationic frameworks that can efficiently and selectively capture harmful heavy metal oxyanions from aqueous solution are highly desired yet scarcely reported. Herein, we report the discovery of a 2D cationic aluminum oxyhydroxide, JU-111, which sets a new benchmark for heavy metal oxyanion sorbents, especially for Cr-VI. Its structure was solved based on 3D electron diffraction tomography data. JU-111 shows fast sorption kinetics (ca. 20 min), high capture capacity (105.4 mg g(-1)), and broad working pH range (3-10) toward Cr(VI)oxyanions. Unlike layered double hydroxides (LDHs), which are poorly selective in the presence of CO32-, JU-111 retains excellent selectivity for Cr(VI)even under a large excess of CO32-. These superior features coupled with the ultra-low cost and environmentally benign nature make JU-111 a promising candidate for toxic metal oxyanion remediation as well as other potential applications.
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| 25. |
- Chen, Liangkai, et al.
(författare)
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Physical frailty, adherence to ideal cardiovascular health and risk of cardiovascular disease : a prospective cohort study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Age and Ageing. - : Oxford University Press. - 0002-0729 .- 1468-2834. ; 52:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: longitudinal evidence concerning frailty phenotype and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) remained insufficient, and whether CVD preventive strategies exert low CVD risk on frail adults is unclear.Objectives: we aimed to prospectively evaluate the association of frailty phenotype, adherence to ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) and their joint associations with the risk of CVD.Methods: a total of 314,093 participants from the UK Biobank were included. Frailty phenotype was assessed according to the five criteria of Fried et al.: weight loss, exhaustion, low physical activity, slow gait speed and low grip strength. CVH included four core health behaviours (smoking, physical activity and diet) and three health factors (weight, cholesterol, blood pressure and glycaemic control). The outcome of interest was incident CVD, including coronary heart disease, heart failure and stroke.Results: compared with the non-frail people whose incident rate of overall CVD was 6.54 per 1,000 person-years, the absolute rate difference per 1,000 person-years was 1.67 (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.33, 2.02) for pre-frail and 5.00 (95% CI: 4.03, 5.97) for frail. The ideal CVH was significantly associated with a lower risk of all CVD outcomes. For the joint association of frailty and CVH level with incident CVD, the highest risk was observed among frailty accompanied by poor CVH with an HR of 2.92 (95% CI: 2.68, 3.18).Conclusions: our findings indicate that physical frailty is associated with CVD incidence. Improving CVH was significantly associated with a considerable decrease in CVD risk, and such cardiovascular benefits remain for the frailty population.
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| 26. |
- Chen, Shuang, et al.
(författare)
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CH4/Air反扩散射流火焰多组分同步PLIF诊断
- 2018
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Ingår i: Shiyan Liuti Lixue/Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics. - 1672-9897. ; 32:1, s. 26-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The simultaneous multi-species Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence technique plays an important role in studying the flame structure and the two-dimensional distribution of intermediate species in combustion. The experimental system of OH/CH2O/Acetone-PLIF was built in order to study the CH4-Air inverse diffusion jet (IDJ) flame. The system consists of two sets of lasers, two intensifier-CCD cameras, a temporal controller and several lenses. The strategy of fluorescence excitation, the method of synchronous timing control and image calibration procedures are discussed. The IDJ flame was studied using the simultaneous multi-species PLIF technique, and the reaction zone, pre-heating zone and fuel zone of IDJ flame were determined. Experimental results suggest that the IDJ flame is different from either the normal diffusion flame or the premixed jet flame. The behavior of this type of flame reveals similarity to the partially premixed flame. Compared to OH chemilumiscence images, simultaneous multi-species PLIF can provide more detail and information about the flame structure and it has huge potential in fundamental combustion studies and industrial burner experiments
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| 27. |
- Chen, Shuang, et al.
(författare)
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Quantitative measurement of hydroxyl radical (OH) concentration in premixed flat flame by combining laser-induced fluorescence and direct absorption spectroscopy
- 2016
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Ingår i: Chinese Physics C. - : IOP Publishing. - 1674-1137 .- 1674-1056. ; 25:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An accurate and reasonable technique combining direct absorption spectroscopy and laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) methods is developed to quantitatively measure the concentrations of hydroxyl in CH4/air flat laminar flame. In our approach, particular attention is paid to the linear laser-induced fluorescence and absorption processes, and experimental details as well. Through measuring the temperature, LIF signal distribution and integrated absorption, spatially absolute OH concentrations profiles are successfully resolved. These experimental results are then compared with the numerical simulation. It is proved that the good quality of the results implies that this method is suitable for calibrating the OH-PLIF measurement in a practical combustor.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Eme, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Inference and reconstruction of the heimdallarchaeial ancestry of eukaryotes
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Nature. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 618:7967, s. 992-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the ongoing debates about eukaryogenesis-the series of evolutionary events leading to the emergence of the eukaryotic cell from prokaryotic ancestors-members of the Asgard archaea play a key part as the closest archaeal relatives of eukaryotes(1). However, the nature and phylogenetic identity of the last common ancestor of Asgard archaea and eukaryotes remain unresolved(2-4). Here we analyse distinct phylogenetic marker datasets of an expanded genomic sampling of Asgard archaea and evaluate competing evolutionary scenarios using state-of-the-art phylogenomic approaches. We find that eukaryotes are placed, with high confidence, as a well-nested clade within Asgard archaea and as a sister lineage to Hodarchaeales, a newly proposed order within Heimdallarchaeia. Using sophisticated gene tree and species tree reconciliation approaches, we show that analogous to the evolution of eukaryotic genomes, genome evolution in Asgard archaea involved significantly more gene duplication and fewer gene loss events compared with other archaea. Finally, we infer that the last common ancestor of Asgard archaea was probably a thermophilic chemolithotroph and that the lineage from which eukaryotes evolved adapted to mesophilic conditions and acquired the genetic potential to support a heterotrophic lifestyle. Our work provides key insights into the prokaryote-to-eukaryote transition and a platform for better understanding the emergence of cellular complexity in eukaryotic cells.
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| 30. |
- Feng, Zhenhua, et al.
(författare)
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Multicore-Fiber-Enabled WSDM Optical Access Network With Centralized Carrier Delivery and RSOA-Based Adaptive Modulation
- 2015
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Ingår i: IEEE PHOTONICS JOURNAL. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1943-0655. ; 7:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We proposed and experimentally demonstrated a wavelength-space division multiplexing (WSDM) optical access network architecture with centralized optical carrier delivery utilizing multicore fibers (MCFs) and adaptive modulation based on reflective semiconductor amplifier (RSOA). In our experiment, five of the outer cores are used for undirectional downstream (DS) transmission only, whereas the remaining outer core is utilized as a dedicated channel to transmit upstream (US) signals. Optical carriers for US are delivered from the optical line terminal (OLT) to the optical network unit (ONU) via the inner core and then transmitted back to the OLT after amplification and modulation by the RSOA in the colorless ONU side. The mobile backhaul (MB) service is also supported by the inner core. Wavelengths used in US transmission should be different from that of the MB in order to avoid the Rayleigh backscattering effect in bidirectional transmission. With quadrature phase-shift keying-orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (QPSK-OFDM) modulation format, the aggregation DS capacity reaches 250 Gb/s using five outer cores and ten wavelengths, and it can be further scaled to 1 Tb/s using 20 wavelengths modulated with 16 QAM-OFDM. For US transmission, 2.5 Gb/s QPSK-OFDM transmission can be achieved just using a low-bandwidth RSOA, and adaptive modulation is applied to the RSOA to further enhance the US data rate to 3.12 Gb/s. As an emulation of high-speed MB transmission, 48 Gb/s inphase and quadrature (IQ) modulated popularization division multiplexing (PDM)-QPSK signal is transmitted in the inner core of MCF and coherently detected in the OLT side. Both DS and US optical signals exhibit acceptable performance with sufficient power budget.
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| 31. |
- Fisher, Jeffrey W., et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of iodide deficiency in the lactating rat and pup using a biologically based dose-response model
- 2013
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Ingår i: Toxicological Sciences. - : Oxford University Press. - 1096-6080 .- 1096-0929. ; 132:1, s. 75-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A biologically based dose-response (BBDR) model for the hypothalamic-pituitary thyroid (HPT) axis in the lactating rat and nursing pup was developed to describe the perturbations caused by iodide deficiency on the HPT axis. Model calibrations, carried out by adjusting key model parameters, were used as a technique to evaluate HPT axis adaptations to dietary iodide intake in euthyroid (4.1-39 µg iodide/day) and iodide-deficient (0.31 and 1.2 µg iodide/day) conditions. Iodide-deficient conditions in both the dam and the pup were described with increased blood flow to the thyroid gland, TSH-mediated increase in thyroidal uptake of iodide and binding of iodide in the thyroid gland (organification), and, in general, reduced thyroid hormone production and metabolism. Alterations in thyroxine (T4) homeostasis were more apparent than for triiodothyronine (T3). Model-predicted average daily area-under-the-serum-concentration-curve (nM-day) values for T4 at steady state in the dam and pup decreased by 14-15% for the 1.2 µg iodide/day iodide-deficient diet and 42-52% for the 0.31 µg iodide/day iodide-deficient diet. In rat pups that were iodide deficient during gestation and lactation, these decreases in serum T4 levels were associated with declines in thyroid hormone in the fetal brain and a suppression of synaptic responses in the hippocampal region of the brain of the adult offspring (Gilbert et al. , 2013).
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| 32. |
- Gao, Jinlong, et al.
(författare)
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Visualization of instantaneous structure and dynamics of large-scale turbulent flames stabilized by a gliding arc discharge
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the Combustion Institute. - : Elsevier BV. - 1540-7489. ; 37:4, s. 5629-5636
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A burner design with integrated electrodes was used to couple a gliding arc (GA) discharge to a high-power and large-scale turbulent flame for flame stabilization. Simultaneous OH and CH2O planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) and CH PLIF measurements were conducted to visualize instantaneous structures of the GA-assisted flame. Six different regions of the GA-assisted flame were resolved by the multi-species PLIF measurements, including the plasma core, the discharge-induced OH region, the post-flame OH region, the flame front, the preheat CH2O region and the fresh gas mixture. Specifically, the OH profile was observed to be ring-shaped around the gliding arc discharge channel. The formaldehyde (CH2O) was found to be widely distributed in the entire measurement volume even at a low equivalence ratio of 0.4, which suggest that long-lived species from the gliding arc discharge have induced low-temperature oxidations of CH4. The CH layer coincides with the interface of the OH and CH2O regions and indicates that the flame front and the discharge channel are spatially separated by a distance of 3-5 mm. These results reveal that the discharge column acts as a movable pilot flame, providing active radicals and thermal energy to sustain the flame. High-speed video photography was also employed to record the dynamics of the GA-assisted flame. This temporally resolved data was used to study the ignition and propagation behaviors of the flame in response to a temporally modulated burst-mode discharge. The results indicate that turbulent flame can be sustained by matching temporal parameters of the high-voltage bursts to the extinction time of flame.
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| 33. |
- Gao, Shuang, et al.
(författare)
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Benefits of integrating power-to-heat assets in CHPs
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Applied Energy. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0306-2619 .- 1872-9118. ; 335
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Integrating power-to-heat (P2H) assets in combined heat and power plants (CHPs) is an attractive option, which can improve the flexibility in CHPs. This paper compares the potential benefits of integrating an electrical boiler (EB) and a heat pump (HP) in a CHP from providing flexibility services in both the day-ahead market and the frequency regulation market. An optimization model is developed for the operation of P2H assets and the CHP to maximize the profit. A case study is carried out using the data of a real CHP and electricity prices of Nord Pool. It is found that when an EB or a HP is integrated, the annual profit of the studied CHP from providing frequency regulation can be increased by 3.1 % (EB) or 27.7 % (HP) respectively compared to the CHP without P2H. Despite the high capital cost, a HP can increase the net present value up to 21.8 %, and achieve a payback period of 3 year, which are better than an EB (0.8 % and 5 year). Sensitivity analysis shows that prices of fuel and electricity have significant impacts on the net present value and payback period for the integration of P2H assets. Even though the increase of the fuel price decreases the NPV, it can lead to a decline in the payback period. Meanwhile, the increase of the electricity price results in a large growth in the profit and NPV, but a big reduction in payback period.
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| 34. |
- Gao, Shuang, et al.
(författare)
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Optimal Charging of Electric Vehicle Aggregations Participating in Energy and Ancillary Service Markets
- 2022
-
Ingår i: IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Industrial Electronics. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 2687-9735 .- 2687-9743. ; 3:2, s. 270-278
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Providing ancillary services through flexible electric vehicle (EV) charging has the potential to offer extra market benefit for EVs. EV aggregator controlling a fleet of EVs can play a significant role in managing the considerable EV charging demand and bid in the electricity markets. The increasing penetration of EVs has created the feasibility of participating in both the day-ahead energy market and frequency regulation market. This article presents a multimarket optimization model for minimizing the net operation cost of EV charging considering the benefit from performing frequency regulation. A two-level optimization algorithm for EVs controlled by the aggregator is proposed to determine optimal operation strategies of EV aggregations and the charging power of each individual EV. The optimization is able to merge revenue from frequency regulation with the cost reduction objectives of traditional EV charging management. The effectiveness of optimization algorithm is demonstrated by simulating EVs charged at the workplace and residential areas. The operation of EV aggregator is studied considering the diverse charging need of individual EV and market prices acquired from Nord Pool real-time market and Swedish power system operator. The increased profitability of participation in the sequential electricity markets has been illustrated. Net operating cost of EV aggregations can be significantly reduced considering both capacity and energy remunerations in the regulation market and the charging demand in the energy market.
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| 35. |
- Gao, Shuang, et al.
(författare)
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Potential benefits from participating in day-ahead and regulation markets for CHPs
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Applied Energy. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0306-2619 .- 1872-9118. ; 306:A
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A combined heat and power plant (CHP) has the ability to provide ancillary services and therefore, can contribute to the improvement of flexibility and reliability of the power system. To motivate CHPs to provide flexibility services, this work investigated the potential benefit for CHPs from participating simultaneously in day-ahead and frequency regulation markets. A new CHP model was proposed, which considers both heat recovery from flue gas condensation and thermal energy storage. Based on the multi-market optimization using real market prices, it can be concluded that providing the frequency regulation service in addition to day-ahead trading can increase the annual profit of CHPs, which was 2.75% for the studied CHP. Meanwhile, the benefit was clearly affected by the heat demand as both high and low heat demand seasons (e.g. in winter and summer) can limit the flexibility provided by the CHP. In addition, the sensitivity analysis was carried out to assess the impacts of key factors, including electricity price, heat demand, cost of electricity, and bid size for frequency reserve services, on the benefit from the participation in both markets. The price difference between the day-ahead and frequency regulation markets and the cost of electricity generation were found to have clear impacts on the benefit of the CHP.
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| 36. |
- Kapusta, Łukasz Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Structures of inverse jet flames stabilized on a coaxial burner
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0360-5442. ; 193
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study we investigate different parameters used for mapping global flame structures and identify the most universal in terms of comparing flames emerging from different geometrical burner arrangements. Simultaneously the study was carried out to determine the discharge conditions yielding the blue flame of a high degree of partial premixing, and to examine the instantaneous local flame structures and mixing in the blue torch area under these conditions. In order to decouple velocity ratio and global equivalence ratio (referring to the mass flow rate of air and methane), as well as the jet velocity and Reynolds number, two different centre air nozzle diameters were studied. The results clearly indicated that the centre jet Reynolds number and global equivalence ratio are more universal parameters for inverse flame characterization than jet velocity and velocity ratio. OH-PLIF (planar laser-induced fluorescence), hot- and cold-flow acetone-PLIF were performed to provide additional information on instantaneous local flame structures and mixing in the blue torch area of the flame resembling a partially premixed flame. The PLIF results indicated that in the area of the blue torch, air and gas are well mixed by shear layer-generated vortices, and turbulences, which at this position are strongly present.
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| 37. |
- Knyazeva, Anastasia, 1995-, et al.
(författare)
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A chemical inhibitor of IST1-CHMP1B interaction impairs endosomal recycling and induces noncanonical LC3 lipidation
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 121:17
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) machinery constitutes multisubunit protein complexes that play an essential role in membrane remodeling and trafficking. ESCRTs regulate a wide array of cellular processes, including cytokinetic abscission, cargo sorting into multivesicular bodies (MVBs), membrane repair, and autophagy. Given the versatile functionality of ESCRTs, and the intricate organizational structure of the ESCRT machinery, the targeted modulation of distinct ESCRT complexes is considerably challenging. This study presents a pseudonatural product targeting IST1-CHMP1B within the ESCRT-III complexes. The compound specifically disrupts the interaction between IST1 and CHMP1B, thereby inhibiting the formation of IST1-CHMP1B copolymers essential for normal-topology membrane scission events. While the compound has no impact on cytokinesis, MVB sorting, or biogenesis of extracellular vesicles, it rapidly inhibits transferrin receptor recycling in cells, resulting in the accumulation of transferrin in stalled sorting endosomes. Stalled endosomes become decorated by lipidated LC3, suggesting a link between noncanonical LC3 lipidation and inhibition of the IST1-CHMP1B complex.
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| 38. |
- Li, Helong, et al.
(författare)
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Parallel Connection of Silicon Carbide MOSFETs - Challenges, Mechanism, and Solutions
- 2023
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Ingår i: IEEE transactions on power electronics. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0885-8993 .- 1941-0107. ; 38:8, s. 9731-9749
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Power semiconductor devices are often connected in parallel to increase the current rating of the power conversion systems. However, due to mismatched circuit parameters or semiconductor fabrication discrepancies, the current of paralleled power semiconductor devices can be unbalanced, which potentially leads to accelerated aging and long-term reliability issues. The fast-switching speed of silicon carbide (SiC) devices aggravates this problem due to its higher sensitivity to parasitic parameters. Numerous efforts have been dedicated to analyzing and addressing the current imbalance issue of paralleling SiC devices. This article comprehensively summarizes and presents state-of-the-art research regarding the current imbalance in paralleled SiC devices. Degree of imbalance is proposed to comprehensively quantify the current mismatch. Starting with mechanism analysis, different types of current imbalance are categorized. Various device parameters and the package layout that impact the current distribution are investigated. The existing solutions including passive methods and active methods are concluded and categorized. This work also incorporates insight into the future development needs of high-power multichip SiC module packaging and driving technologies.
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| 39. |
- Li, Kezhi, et al.
(författare)
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State of the art and prospects of structured sensing matrices in compressed sensing
- 2015
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Ingår i: Frontiers of Computer Science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2095-2228 .- 2095-2236. ; 9:5, s. 665-677
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Compressed sensing (CS) enables people to acquire the compressed measurements directly and recover sparse or compressible signals faithfully even when the sampling rate is much lower than the Nyquist rate. However, the pure random sensing matrices usually require huge memory for storage and high computational cost for signal reconstruction. Many structured sensing matrices have been proposed recently to simplify the sensing scheme and the hardware implementation in practice. Based on the restricted isometry property and coherence, couples of existing structured sensing matrices are reviewed in this paper, which have special structures, high recovery performance, and many advantages such as the simple construction, fast calculation and easy hardware implementation. The number of measurements and the universality of different structure matrices are compared.
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| 40. |
- Li, Shuang, et al.
(författare)
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Massive MIMO Asymptotics for Ray-Based Propagation Channels
- 2020
-
Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications. - 1536-1276. ; 19:6, s. 3977-3991
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Favorable propagation (FP) and channel hardening (CH) are desired properties in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. To date, these properties have primarily been analyzed for classical statistical channel models, or ray-based models with very specific angular parameters and distributions. This paper presents a thorough mathematical analysis of the asymptotic system behavior for ray-based channels with arbitrary ray distributions, and considers two types of antenna array structures at the cellular base station: a uniform linear array (ULA) and a uniform planar array (UPA). In addition to FP and channel hardening, we analyze the large system potential (LSP) which measures the asymptotic ratio of the expected power in the desired channel to the expected total interference power when both the antenna and user numbers grow. LSP is said to hold when this ratio converges to a positive constant. The results demonstrate that while FP is guaranteed in ray-based channels, CH may or may not occur depending on the nature of the model. Furthermore, we demonstrate that LSP will not normally hold as the expected interference power grows logarithmically for both ULAs and UPAs relative to the power in the desired channel as the system size increases. Nevertheless, we identify some fundamental and attractive properties of massive MIMO in this limiting regime.
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| 41. |
- Li, Shuang, et al.
(författare)
-
Massive MIMO for Ray-Based Channels
- 2019
-
Ingår i: IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC) 2019, Proceedings. - 9781538680889
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Favorable propagation (FP) and channel hardening are desired properties in massive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) systems, where nearly optimal performance is achieved with linear processing techniques, such as maximal-ratio combining. To date, these properties have primarily been analyzed for statistical channel models, or ray-based models with very specific angular parameters and distributions. This paper presents a thorough mathematical analysis of the asymptotic system behavior for ray-based channels with arbitrary ray distributions and a uniform linear array at the base station. In addition to FP and channel hardening, we analyze the large system potential (LSP) which measures the asymptotic signal-to-interference ratio when both the antenna and user numbers grow at an equal rate. The results demonstrate that while FP is guaranteed in ray-based channels, channel hardening may or may not occur depending on the nature of the model. Furthermore, we demonstrate that LSP will not normally hold as the interference power grows logarithmically relative to the signal as the array size increases. Nevertheless, we identify some fundamental and attractive properties of massive MIMO in this limiting regime.
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| 42. |
- Lin, Chun-Yu, et al.
(författare)
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Hyaluronan-Induced CD44-iASPP Interaction Affects Fibroblast Migration and Survival
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Cancers. - : MDPI. - 2072-6694. ; 15:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present study, we show that the inhibitor of the apoptosis-stimulating protein of p53 (iASPP) physically interacts with the hyaluronan receptor CD44 in normal and transformed cells. We noticed that the CD44 standard isoform (CD44s), but not the variant isoform (CD44v), bound to iASPP via the ankyrin-binding domain in CD44s. The formation of iASPP-CD44s complexes was promoted by hyaluronan stimulation in fibroblasts but not in epithelial cells. The cellular level of p53 affected the amount of the iASPP-CD44 complex. iASPP was required for hyaluronan-induced CD44-dependent migration and adhesion of fibroblasts. Of note, CD44 altered the sub-cellular localization of the iASPP-p53 complex; thus, ablation of CD44 promoted translocation of iASPP from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, resulting in increased formation of a cytoplasmic iASPP-p53 complex in fibroblasts. Overexpression of iASPP decreased, but CD44 increased the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Knock-down of CD44s, in the presence of p53, led to increased cell growth and cell density of fibroblasts by suppression of p27 and p53. Our observations suggest that the balance of iASPP-CD44 and iASPP-p53 complexes affect the survival and migration of fibroblasts.
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| 43. |
- Liu, Yu-peng, et al.
(författare)
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应用酶热生物分析仪快速测量血糖的研究分析
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. ; 12:8, s. 579-581
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To compare the enzyme thermistor bioanalysis equipment with blood glucose meter which is analyzed by automatic biochemical analyzer, validate the correct rate of this equipment. The long-term aim of the project was to develop a prototype for a bedside monitor system for semi-continuous monitoring of the blood glucose concentration. This was made possible by using the special advantage of the thermal sensor technique in combination with the adjustment of flow. Methods 150 patients were collected in our department. The glucose level was determined using a single channel enzyme thermistor device. Then the results were compared with lab biochemistry analysator. Results There was no significant difference between these two methods (P>0.05). The measuring method with single channel enzyme thermistor device is a reliable method in determining blood glucose level. Single channel enzyme thermistor keep a coincidence with automatic biochemical analyzer. The assay cycle time was 3 minutes. Comparative analysis between our device and the clinical system device showed an excellent correlation for 150 patient blood samples. The device was stabile for hundreds of injections over a period of 45 days. Conclusion Determined glucose in whole blood using a single channel Enzyme Thermistor device can be used to assess the severity of an illness and for evaluating therapeutic efficacy. The ability of the device to analyze whole blood without any pretreatment makes it possible to develop real-time analysis.
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| 44. |
- Meng, Shuang, et al.
(författare)
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Numerical simulation of slipstreams and wake flows of trains with different nose lengths passing through a tunnel
- 2021
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Ingår i: Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0886-7798. ; 108
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examined the slipstreams induced by high-speed trains (HSTs) passing through a tunnel using the improved delayed detached eddy simulation (IDDES) method. First, the flow fields in the open air and in a tunnel were compared. Furthermore, the flow in a tunnel was analyzed in detail, considering the development of both instantaneous flow structures and slipstream profiles at various measurement points. Finally, by considering four different nose lengths (4 m, 7 m, 9 m, and 12 m), the differences in the slipstream profiles and the wake flow induced by HSTs passing through a tunnel were determined. The results show that the piston effect had a significant influence on the slipstream profiles, causing a larger positive peak when a train passed through a tunnel. The peaks of the slipstream profiles decrease as the distances from the center of the track (COT) and the top of the rail (TOR) increases. The results show that a long nose length can reduce the scale and strength of the instantaneous x-vorticity and y-vorticity in the wake propagation region, thereby lowering the maximum slipstream peaks. The 12-m nose length train induced 56.7% lower velocity than the 4-m nose length train at y = 2 m beside the COT and z = 0.2 m above the TOR. In particular, the standard deviations of the positive peaks of the seven cross-sections decrease by 38.4% with the increase in the nose length from 4 m to 12 m, which means that a longer nose length can reduce the turbulence level in the wake propagation region. Consequently, from the perspectives of the safety and comfort of trackside people, a long nose length train is strongly recommended.
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| 45. |
- Qie, Zhiwei, et al.
(författare)
-
Sensitive detection of atrazine in tap water using TELISA
- 2015
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Ingår i: Analyst. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1364-5528. ; 140:15, s. 5220-5226
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A highly sensitive flow injection analysis (FIA)-based thermal enzyme-linked immunoassay, TELISA, was developed for the rapid detection of atrazine (ATZ) in tap water. ATZ and beta-lactamase-labeled ATZ were employed in a competitive immunoassay using a monoclonal antibody (mAb). After the off-column liquid-phase competition, the mAb was captured on the Protein G Sepharose (TM) 4 Fast Flow (PGSFF) column support material. Injected beta-lactamase substrate ampicillin was degraded by the column-bound ATZ-beta-lactamase, generating a detectable heat signal. Several assay parameters were optimized, including substrate concentration, flow rates and regeneration conditions, as well as the mAb and ATZ-beta dilution ratios and concentrations. The assay linear range was 0.73-4.83 ng mL(-1) with a detection limit of 0.66 ng mL(-1). An entire heat signal requires 10 min for generation, and the cycle time is less than 40 min. The results were reproducible and stable. ATZ-spiked tap water samples exhibited a recovery rate of 103%-116%, which correlated with the UHPLC-MS/MS measurements. We attributed this significant increase in sensitivity over our previously published work to the following factors: (i) the capture of already-formed immune complexes on the column via immobilized Protein G, which eliminated chemical immobilization of the antibody; (ii) off-column preincubation allows the formation of immune complexes under nearly ideal conditions; and (iii) multiple buffers can be used to, in one case, enhance immune-complex formation and in the other to maximize enzymatic activity. Furthermore, the scheme creates a universal assay platform in which sensing is performed in the off-column incubation and detection after capture in the enzyme thermistor (ET) detector, which opens up the possibility of detecting any antigen for which antibodies were available.
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| 46. |
- Sarma, Anish A., et al.
(författare)
-
Internal Feedback in Biological Control : Architectures and Examples
- 2022
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Ingår i: 2022 American Control Conference (ACC). - : IEEE. ; , s. 456-461
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Feedback is ubiquitous in both biological and engineered control systems. In biology, in addition to typical feedback between plant and controller, we observe complex feedback pathways within control systems, which we call internal feedback pathways (IFPs). These IFPs are most familiar in neural systems, our primary case study, but they appear everywhere from bacterial signal transduction to the human immune system. In this paper, we describe these very different examples and introduce the concepts necessary to explain their complex IFPs - particularly the severe speed-accuracy tradeoffs that constrain hardware in biology. We also sketch some minimal theory for extremely simplified toy models that highlight the importance of diversity-enabled sweet spots (DESS) in mitigating the impact of hardware tradeoffs. Standard modern and robust control theory can offer some insights into previously cryptic IFPs in more realistic models, and the new System Level Synthesis theory expands on these insights substantially, as explored in detail in companion papers.
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| 47. |
- Shen, Cheng, et al.
(författare)
-
Increases of Offshore Wind Potential in a Warming World
- 2024
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Ingår i: Geophysical Research Letters. - 0094-8276.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Offshore wind farms, a rapidly expanding sector within wind energy, are playing a significant role in achieving global carbon neutrality, and this trend is to continue. Here, we utilize ERA5 reanalysis to correct offshore wind speed trends predicted by CMIP6 models. This approach led to enhanced projections for changes in offshore Wind Power Density (WPD) under four Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) scenarios. Throughout the 21st century, global offshore WPD is projected to follow an upward trend across all SSP scenarios. Notably, Europe stands out with the most substantial increase in offshore WPD among regions with higher current installations, projected to reach up to 26% under 4°C global warming. Our study uncovers a notable increase of global offshore WPD in a warmer climate, which offers valuable insights for the strategic planning of future global wind energy.
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| 48. |
- Shi, Yuanping, et al.
(författare)
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Comprehensive lipidomics in apoM−/− mice reveals an overall state of metabolic distress and attenuated hepatic lipid secretion into the circulation
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Genetics and Genomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1673-8527. ; 47:9, s. 523-534
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Apolipoprotein M (apoM) participates in both high-density lipoprotein and cholesterol metabolism. Little is known about how apoM affects lipid composition of the liver and serum. In this study, we systemically investigated the effects of apoM on liver and plasma lipidomes and how apoM participates in lipid cycling, via apoM knockout in mice and the human SMMC-7721 cell line. We used integrated mass spectrometry–based lipidomics approaches to semiquantify more than 600 lipid species from various lipid classes, which include free fatty acids, glycerolipids, phospholipids, sphingolipids, glycosphingolipids, cholesterol, and cholesteryl esters (CEs), in apoM−/− mouse. Hepatic accumulation of neutral lipids, including CEs, triacylglycerols, and diacylglycerols, was observed in apoM−/− mice; while serum lipidomic analyses showed that, in contrast to the liver, the overall levels of CEs and saturated/monounsaturated fatty acids were markedly diminished. Furthermore, the level of ApoB-100 was dramatically increased in the liver, whereas significant reductions in both ApoB-100 and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were observed in the serum of apoM−/− mice, which indicated attenuated hepatic LDL secretion into the circulation. Lipid profiles and proinflammatory cytokine levels indicated that apoM−/− leads to hepatic steatosis and an overall state of metabolic distress. Taken together, these results revealed that apoM knockout leads to hepatic steatosis, impaired lipid secretion, and an overall state of metabolic distress.
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| 49. |
- Shuang, S., et al.
(författare)
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Unusually high corrosion resistance in MoxCrNiCo medium entropy alloy enhanced by acidity in aqueous solution
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Science & Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1005-0302. ; 139, s. 59-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High corrosion resistance of alloys is essential for their structural applications; however, most alloys suffer from degradation of their corrosion resistance with the increasing acidity of their surround-ings. Nonetheless, we developed a series of medium-entropy alloys (MEAs) in this work, which ex-hibit high strength, superior fracture toughness and ultra-high corrosion resistance, outperforming the variety of corrosion resistant alloys hitherto reported. Most interestingly, our MEAs exhibit an unusual anti-corrosion behavior and their corrosion resistance increases with acidity in Cl- containing solutions. Through extensive thermodynamic calculations, density functional theory (DFT) simulations and experi-ments, we reveal that the unusual anti-corrosion behavior of our MEAs can be attributed to their surface chemical complexity, which facilitates the physio-chemical-absorption of H2O and O 2 and thus the rapid formation of metastable medium entropy passive films that contain the lowest amount of defects, as compared to the passive films on conventional alloys reported in the literature.
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| 50. |
- Si, Ran, et al.
(författare)
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EXTENDED CALCULATIONS WITH SPECTROSCOPIC ACCURACY : ENERGY LEVELS AND TRANSITION PROPERTIES FOR THE FLUORINE-LIKE ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE WITH Z = 24–30
- 2016
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0067-0049 .- 1538-4365. ; 227:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have performed extensive multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartree–Fock calculations and second-order many-body perturbation calculations for F-like ions with Z = 24–30. Energy levels and transition rates for electric dipole (E1), electric-quadrupole (E2), electricoctupole (E3), magnetic dipole (M1), and magnetic-quadrupole (M2) transitions, as well as radiative lifetimes, are provided for the lowest 200 levels belonging to the 1s22s22p5, 1s22s2p6, 1s22s22p43l, 1s22s2p53l, 1s22p63l, and 1s22s22p44l configurations of each ion. The results from the two sets of calculations are in excellent agreement. Extensive comparisons are also made with other theoretical results and observed data from the CHIANTI and NIST databases. The present energies and wavelengths are believed to be accurate enough to aid line identifications involving the n = 3 and n = 4 configurations, for which observations are largely missing. The calculated wavelengths and transition data will be useful in the modeling and diagnostics of astrophysical and fusion plasmas.
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