↓ Direkt till sidans innehåll
↓ Direkt till sidans sekundära innehåll (sidomenyn)

Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Lidén Per) "

Sökning: WFRF:(Lidén Per)

Resultat 1-50 av 57

Sortera/gruppera träfflistan

Sortering: Träffar per sida:

Numrering	Referens	Omslagsbild	Hitta
1.	Engstrand, Per, 1955-, et al. (författare) Improved refining energy efficiency in thermo-mechanical pulping by means of collimated wood chipping – from solid mechanics to full scale evaluation 2016 Ingår i: PaperWeek Canada 2016 Conference <em>February 1 to 5, 2016, Montreal</em>. Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract The wood chipping process was never optimized with regard to high yield pulping processes as thermomechanical pulping (TMP) and chemithermomechanical pulping (CTMP). It is generally believed that wood chips for pulping should be produced in such a way that the degree of damage is minimized and that the chip dimensional distribution should be as narrow as possible. Since the TMP and CTMP processes were developed in the 60-ies and 70-ies, compression screw as well as roll nip equipment have been developed to pretreat wood chips as a way to reduce refining energy consumption to given fiber and pulp properties and also in order to improve impregnation. The general conclusions are that a combination of shear and compression in the tangential or radial direction of the wood initiates cracks that later in the refiner will enhance and optimize fiber separation and also fiber property development. The idea with the collimated chipping technology is to utilize the wood chipper as a tool, combining cutting of wood logs to wood chips with a pretreatment of the chips by creating cracks that would enhance fiber separation, fiber surface development as well as chip-impregnation. In this case the compression is performed in the wood fiber direction, in which direction wood actually is weakest when it comes to compression induced cracking. The maximization of the amount of cracks in wood-chips is performed by optimizing the knife angle (or spout angle) in the chipper, to what we call collimated chipping (according to a patent owned by CCT AB). This presentation describes a theoretical background and two demonstration scale studies performed by SCA Forest Products at their Ortviken mill. One conclusion drawn, based on two-month test period with three weeks of collimated chipping, was that specific refining energy reduction was around 100 kWh/adt of the 1400 kWh/adt used in primary stage double disc refining. Most probably the potential is higher if the whole system is optimized. Tests were performed at constant production rate and energy was reduced by reducing power to constant freeness, leading to similar tensile and light scattering levels. The deliberately increased forces created in the wood chipper by means of an optimized (increased) edge angle caused more problems with knife holder equipment than normally, as well as increased vibrations. These problems will have to be solved for future long-term implementation of the technique.
2.	Ahlstrand, Erik, 1974-, et al. (författare) Visual scoring of chest CT at hospital admission predicts hospitalization time and intensive care admission in Covid-19 2021 Ingår i: Infectious Diseases. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2374-4235 .- 2374-4243. ; 53:8, s. 622-632 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: Chest CT is prognostic in Covid-19 but there is a lack of consensus on how to report the CT findings. A chest CT scoring system, ÖCoS, was implemented in clinical routine on 1 April 2020, in Örebro Region, Sweden. The ÖCoS-severity score measures the extent of lung involvement. The objective of the study was to evaluate the ÖCoS scores as predictors of the clinical course of Covid-19.METHODS: Population based study including data from all hospitalized patients with Covid-19 in Örebro Region during March to July 2020. We evaluated the correlations between CT scores at the time of admission to hospital and intensive care in relation to hospital and intensive care length of stay (LoS), intensive care admission and death. C-reactive protein and lymphocyte count were included as covariates in multivariate regression analyses.RESULTS: In 381 included patients, the ÖCoS-severity score at admission closely correlated to hospital length of stay, and intensive care admission or death. At admission to intensive care, the ÖCoS-severity score correlated with intensive care length of stay. The ÖCoS-severity score was superior to basic inflammatory biomarkers in predicting clinical outcomes.CONCLUSION: Chest CT visual scoring at admission to hospital predicted the clinical course of Covid-19 pneumonia.
3.	Alvfors, Per, 1954-, et al. (författare) Research and development challenges for Swedish biofuel actors – three illustrative examples : Improvement potential discussed in the context of Well-to-Tank analyses 2010 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Currently biofuels have strong political support, both in the EU and Sweden. The EU has, for example, set a target for the use of renewable fuels in the transportation sector stating that all EU member states should use 10% renewable fuels for transport by 2020. Fulfilling this ambition will lead to an enormous market for biofuels during the coming decade. To avoid increasing production of biofuels based on agriculture crops that require considerable use of arable area, focus is now to move towards more advanced second generation (2G) biofuels that can be produced from biomass feedstocks associated with a more efficient land use. Climate benefits and greenhouse gas (GHG) balances are aspects often discussed in conjunction with sustainability and biofuels. The total GHG emissions associated with production and usage of biofuels depend on the entire fuel production chain, mainly the agriculture or forestry feedstock systems and the manufacturing process. To compare different biofuel production pathways it is essential to conduct an environmental assessment using the well-to-tank (WTT) analysis methodology. In Sweden the conditions for biomass production are favourable and we have promising second generation biofuels technologies that are currently in the demonstration phase. In this study we have chosen to focus on cellulose based ethanol, methane from gasification of solid wood as well as DME from gasification of black liquor, with the purpose of identifying research and development potentials that may result in improvements in the WTT emission values. The main objective of this study is thus to identify research and development challenges for Swedish biofuel actors based on literature studies as well as discussions with the the researchers themselves. We have also discussed improvement potentials for the agriculture and forestry part of the WTT chain. The aim of this study is to, in the context of WTT analyses, (i) increase knowledge about the complexity of biofuel production, (ii) identify and discuss improvement potentials, regarding energy efficiency and GHG emissions, for three biofuel production cases, as well as (iii) identify and discuss improvement potentials regarding biomass supply, including agriculture/forestry. The scope of the study is limited to discussing the technologies, system aspects and climate impacts associated with the production stage. Aspects such as the influence on biodiversity and other environmental and social parameters fall beyond the scope of this study. We find that improvement potentials for emissions reductions within the agriculture/forestry part of the WTT chain include changing the use of diesel to low-CO2-emitting fuels, changing to more fuel-efficient tractors, more efficient cultivation and manufacture of fertilizers (commercial nitrogen fertilizer can be produced in plants which have nitrous oxide gas cleaning) as well as improved fertilization strategies (more precise nitrogen application during the cropping season). Furthermore, the cultivation of annual feedstock crops could be avoided on land rich in carbon, such as peat soils and new agriculture systems could be introduced that lower the demand for ploughing and harrowing. Other options for improving the WTT emission values includes introducing new types of crops, such as wheat with higher content of starch or willow with a higher content of cellulose. From the case study on lignocellulosic ethanol we find that 2G ethanol, with co-production of biogas, electricity, heat and/or wood pellet, has a promising role to play in the development of sustainable biofuel production systems. Depending on available raw materials, heat sinks, demand for biogas as vehicle fuel and existing 1G ethanol plants suitable for integration, 2G ethanol production systems may be designed differently to optimize the economic conditions and maximize profitability. However, the complexity connected to the development of the most optimal production systems require improved knowledge and involvement of several actors from different competence areas, such as chemical and biochemical engineering, process design and integration and energy and environmental systems analysis, which may be a potential barrier.
4.	Alvfors, Per, et al. (författare) Research and development challenges for Swedish biofuel actors – three illustrative examples 2010 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Currently biofuels have strong political support, both in the EU and Sweden. The EU has, for example, set a target for the use of renewable fuels in the transportation sector stating that all EU member states should use 10% renewable fuels for transport by 2020. Fulfilling this ambition will lead to an enormous market for biofuels during the coming decade. To avoid increasing production of biofuels based on agriculture crops that require considerable use of arable area, focus is now to move towards more advanced second generation (2G) biofuels that can be produced from biomass feedstocks associated with a more efficient land use.Climate benefits and greenhouse gas (GHG) balances are aspects often discussed in conjunction with sustainability and biofuels. The total GHG emissions associated with production and usage of biofuels depend on the entire fuel production chain, mainly the agriculture or forestry feedstock systems and the manufacturing process. To compare different biofuel production pathways it is essential to conduct an environmental assessment using the well-to-tank (WTT) analysis methodology. In Sweden the conditions for biomass production are favourable and we have promising second generation biofuels technologies that are currently in the demonstration phase. In this study we have chosen to focus on cellulose based ethanol, methane from gasification of solid wood as well as DME from gasification of black liquor, with the purpose of identifying research and development potentials that may result in improvements in the WTT emission values. The main objective of this study is thus to identify research and development challenges for Swedish biofuel actors based on literature studies as well as discussions with the the researchers themselves. We have also discussed improvement potentials for the agriculture and forestry part of the WTT chain. The aim of this study is to, in the context of WTT analyses, (i) increase knowledge about the complexity of biofuel production, (ii) identify and discuss improvement potentials, regarding energy efficiency and GHG emissions, for three biofuel production cases, as well as (iii) identify and discuss improvement potentials regarding biomass supply, including agriculture/forestry. The scope of the study is limited to discussing the technologies, system aspects and climate impacts associated with the production stage. Aspects such as the influence on biodiversity and other environmental and social parameters fall beyond the scope of this study. We find that improvement potentials for emissions reductions within the agriculture/forestry part of the WTT chain include changing the use of diesel to low-CO2-emitting fuels, changing to more fuel-efficient tractors, more efficient cultivation and manufacture of fertilizers (commercial nitrogen fertilizer can be produced in plants which have nitrous oxide gas cleaning) as well as improved fertilization strategies (more precise nitrogen application during the cropping season). Furthermore, the cultivation of annual feedstock crops could be avoided on land rich in carbon, such as peat soils and new agriculture systems could be introduced that lower the demand for ploughing and harrowing. Other options for improving the WTT emission values includes introducing new types of crops, such as wheat with higher content of starch or willow with a higher content of cellulose. From the case study on lignocellulosic ethanol we find that 2G ethanol, with co-production of biogas, electricity, heat and/or wood pellet, has a promising role to play in the development of sustainable biofuel production systems. Depending on available raw materials, heat sinks, demand for biogas as vehicle fuel and existing 1G ethanol plants suitable for integration, 2G ethanol production systems may be designed differently to optimize the economic conditions and maximize profitability. However, the complexity connected to the development of the most optimal production systems require improved knowledge and involvement of several actors from different competence areas, such as chemical and biochemical engineering, process design and integration and energy and environmental systems analysis, which may be a potential barrier. Three important results from the lignocellulosic ethanol study are: (i) the production systems could be far more complex and intelligently designed than previous studies show, (ii) the potential improvements consist of a large number of combinations of process integration options wich partly depends on specific local conditions, (iii) the environmental performance of individual systems may vary significantly due to systems design and local conditons.From the case study on gasification of solid biomass for the production of biomethane we find that one of the main advantages of this technology is its high efficiency in respect to converting biomass into fuels for transport. For future research we see a need for improvements within the gas up-grading section, including gas cleaning and gas conditioning, to obtain a more efficient process. A major challenge is to remove the tar before the methanation reaction. Three important results from the biomethane study are: (i) it is important not to crack the methane already produced in the syngas, which indicates a need for improved catalysts for selective tar cracking, (ii) there is a need for new gas separation techniques to facilitate the use of air oxidation agent instead of oxygen in the gasifier, and (iii) there is a need for testing the integrated process under realistic conditions, both at atmospheric and pressurized conditions. From the case study on black liquor gasification for the production of DME we find that the process has many advantages compared to other biofuel production options, such as the fact that black liquor is already partially processed and exists in a pumpable, liquid form, and that the process is pressurised and tightly integrated with the pulp mill, which enhances fuel production efficiency. However, to achieve commercial status, some challenges still remain, such as demonstrating that materials and plant equipment meet the high availability required when scaling up to industrial size in the pulp mill, and also proving that the plant can operate according to calculated heat and material balances. Three important results from the DME study are: (i) that modern chemical pulp mills, having a potential surplus of energy, could become important suppliers of renewable fuels for transport, (ii) there is a need to demonstrate that renewable DME/methanol will be proven to function in large scale, and (iii) there is still potential for technology improvements and enhanced energy integration. Although quantitative improvement potentials are given in the three biofuel production cases, it is not obvious how these potentials would affect WTT values, since the biofuel production processes are complex and changing one parameter impacts other parameters. The improvement potentials are therefore discussed qualitatively. From the entire study we have come to agree on the following common conclusions: (i) research and development in Sweden within the three studied 2G biofuel production technologies is extensive, (ii) in general, the processes, within the three cases, work well at pilot and demonstration scale and are now in a phase to be proven in large scale, (iii) there is still room for improvement although some processes have been known for decades, (iv) the biofuel production processes are complex and site specific and process improvements need to be seen and judged from a broad systems perspective (both within the production plant as well as in the entire well-to-tank perspective), and (v) the three studied biofuel production systems are complementary technologies. Futher, the process of conducting this study is worth mentioning as a result itself, i.e. that many different actors within the field have proven their ability and willingness to contribute to a common report, and that the cooperation climate was very positive and bodes well for possible future collaboration within the framework of the f3 center. Finally, judging from the political ambitions it is clear that the demand for renewable fuels will significantly increase during the coming decade. This will most likely result in opportunities for a range of biofuel options. The studied biofuel options all represent 2G biofuels and they can all be part of the solution to meet the increased renewable fuel demand.
5.	Alvors, Per, et al. (författare) Research and development challenges for Swedish biofuel actors – three illustrative examples : Improvement potential discussed in the context of Well-to-Tank analyses 2010 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Currently biofuels have strong political support, both in the EU and Sweden. The EU has, for example, set a target for the use of renewable fuels in the transportation sector stating that all EU member states should use 10% renewable fuels for transport by 2020. Fulfilling this ambition will lead to an enormous market for biofuels during the coming decade. To avoid increasing production of biofuels based on agriculture crops that require considerable use of arable area, focus is now to move towards more advanced second generation (2G) biofuels that can be produced from biomass feedstocks associated with a more efficient land use.Climate benefits and greenhouse gas (GHG) balances are aspects often discussed in conjunction with sustainability and biofuels. The total GHG emissions associated with production and usage of biofuels depend on the entire fuel production chain, mainly the agriculture or forestry feedstock systems and the manufacturing process. To compare different biofuel production pathways it is essential to conduct an environmental assessment using the well-to-tank (WTT) analysis methodology.In Sweden the conditions for biomass production are favourable and we have promising second generation biofuels technologies that are currently in the demonstration phase. In this study we have chosen to focus on cellulose based ethanol, methane from gasification of solid wood as well as DME from gasification of black liquor, with the purpose of identifying research and development potentials that may result in improvements in the WTT emission values. The main objective of this study is thus to identify research and development challenges for Swedish biofuel actors based on literature studies as well as discussions with the the researchers themselves. We have also discussed improvement potentials for the agriculture and forestry part of the WTT chain. The aim of this study is to, in the context of WTT analyses, (i) increase knowledge about the complexity of biofuel production, (ii) identify and discuss improvement potentials, regarding energy efficiency and GHG emissions, for three biofuel production cases, as well as (iii) identify and discuss improvement potentials regarding biomass supply, including agriculture/forestry. The scope of the study is limited to discussing the technologies, system aspects and climate impacts associated with the production stage. Aspects such as the influence on biodiversity and other environmental and social parameters fall beyond the scope of this study.We find that improvement potentials for emissions reductions within the agriculture/forestry part of the WTT chain include changing the use of diesel to low-CO2-emitting fuels, changing to more fuel-efficient tractors, more efficient cultivation and manufacture of fertilizers (commercial nitrogen fertilizer can be produced in plants which have nitrous oxide gas cleaning) as well as improved fertilization strategies (more precise nitrogen application during the cropping season). Furthermore, the cultivation of annual feedstock crops could be avoided on land rich in carbon, such as peat soils and new agriculture systems could be introduced that lower the demand for ploughing and harrowing. Other options for improving the WTT emission values includes introducing new types of crops, such as wheat with higher content of starch or willow with a higher content of cellulose.From the case study on lignocellulosic ethanol we find that 2G ethanol, with co-production of biogas, electricity, heat and/or wood pellet, has a promising role to play in the development of sustainable biofuel production systems. Depending on available raw materials, heat sinks, demand for biogas as vehicle fuel and existing 1G ethanol plants suitable for integration, 2G ethanol production systems may be designed differently to optimize the economic conditions and maximize profitability. However, the complexity connected to the development of the most optimal production systems require improved knowledge and involvement of several actors from different competence areas, such as chemical and biochemical engineering, process design and integration and energy and environmental systems analysis, which may be a potential barrier.Three important results from the lignocellulosic ethanol study are: (i) the production systems could be far more complex and intelligently designed than previous studies show, (ii) the potential improvements consist of a large number of combinations of process integration options wich partly depends on specific local conditions, (iii) the environmental performance of individual systems may vary significantly due to systems design and local conditons.From the case study on gasification of solid biomass for the production of biomethane we find that one of the main advantages of this technology is its high efficiency in respect to converting biomass into fuels for transport. For future research we see a need for improvements within the gas up-grading section, including gas cleaning and gas conditioning, to obtain a more efficient process. A major challenge is to remove the tar before the methanation reaction.Three important results from the biomethane study are: (i) it is important not to crack the methane already produced in the syngas, which indicates a need for improved catalysts for selective tar cracking, (ii) there is a need for new gas separation techniques to facilitate the use of air oxidation agent instead of oxygen in the gasifier, and (iii) there is a need for testing the integrated process under realistic conditions, both at atmospheric and pressurized conditions.From the case study on black liquor gasification for the production of DME we find that the process has many advantages compared to other biofuel production options, such as the fact that black liquor is already partially processed and exists in a pumpable, liquid form, and that the process is pressurised and tightly integrated with the pulp mill, which enhances fuel production efficiency. However, to achieve commercial status, some challenges still remain, such as demonstrating that materials and plant equipment meet the high availability required when scaling up to industrial size in the pulp mill, and also proving that the plant can operate according to calculated heat and material balances. Three important results from the DME study are: (i) that modern chemical pulp mills, having a potential surplus of energy, could become important suppliers of renewable fuels for transport, (ii) there is a need to demonstrate that renewable DME/methanol will be proven to function in large scale, and (iii) there is still potential for technology improvements and enhanced energy integration.Although quantitative improvement potentials are given in the three biofuel production cases, it is not obvious how these potentials would affect WTT values, since the biofuel production processes are complex and changing one parameter impacts other parameters. The improvement potentials are therefore discussed qualitatively. From the entire study we have come to agree on the following common conclusions: (i) research and development in Sweden within the three studied 2G biofuel production technologies is extensive, (ii) in general, the processes, within the three cases, work well at pilot and demonstration scale and are now in a phase to be proven in large scale, (iii) there is still room for improvement although some processes have been known for decades, (iv) the biofuel production processes are complex and site specific and process improvements need to be seen and judged from a broad systems perspective (both within the production plant as well as in the entire well-to-tank perspective), and (v) the three studied biofuel production systems are complementary technologies. Futher, the process of conducting this study is worth mentioning as a result itself, i.e. that many different actors within the field have proven their ability and willingness to contribute to a common report, and that the cooperation climate was very positive and bodes well for possible future collaboration within the framework of the f3 center.Finally, judging from the political ambitions it is clear that the demand for renewable fuels will significantly increase during the coming decade. This will most likely result in opportunities for a range of biofuel options. The studied biofuel options all represent 2G biofuels and they can all be part of the solution to meet the increased renewable fuel demand.
6.	Andersson, Kurt, et al. (författare) Lärobok i Militärteknik, vol. 4 : Verkan och skydd 2009 Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
7.	Andersson, Karin M., 1989-, et al. (författare) Visual grading evaluation of commercially available metal artefact reduction techniques in hip prosthesis computed tomography 2016 Ingår i: British Journal of Radiology. - London, United Kingdom : British Institute of Radiology. - 0007-1285 .- 1748-880X. ; 89:1063 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objectives: To evaluate metal artefact reduction (MAR) techniques from four computed tomography (CT) vendors in hip prosthesis imaging.Methods: Bilateral hip prosthesis phantom images, obtained by using MAR algorithms for single energy CT data or dual energy CT (DECT) data and by monoenergetic reconstructions of DECT data, were visually graded by five radiologists using ten image quality criteria. Comparisons between the MAR images and a reference image were performed for each scanner separately. Ordinal probit regression analysis was used.Results: The MAR algorithms in general improved the image quality based on the majority of the criteria (up to between 8/10 and 10/10) with a statistically improvement in overall image quality (P<0.001). However, degradation of image quality, such as new artefacts, was seen in some cases. A few monoenergetic reconstruction series improved the image quality (P<0.004) for one of the DECT scanners, but it was only improved for some of the criteria (up to 5/10). Monoenergetic reconstructions resulted in worse image quality for the majority of the criteria (up to 7/10) for the other DECT scanner.Conclusions: The MAR algorithms improved the image quality of the hip prosthesis CT images. However, since additional artefacts and degradation of image quality were seen in some cases, all algorithms should be carefully evaluated for every clinical situation. Monoenergetic reconstructions were in general concluded to be insufficient for reducing metal artifacts. Advances in knowledge: Qualitative evaluation of the usefulness of several MAR techniques from different vendors in CT imaging of hip prosthesis.
8.	Bergfeldt, Nora, et al. (författare) Identification of microbial pathogens in Neolithic Scandinavian humans 2024 Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : NATURE PORTFOLIO. - 2045-2322. ; 14 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract With the Neolithic transition, human lifestyle shifted from hunting and gathering to farming. This change altered subsistence patterns, cultural expression, and population structures as shown by the archaeological/zooarchaeological record, as well as by stable isotope and ancient DNA data. Here, we used metagenomic data to analyse if the transitions also impacted the microbiome composition in 25 Mesolithic and Neolithic hunter-gatherers and 13 Neolithic farmers from several Scandinavian Stone Age cultural contexts. Salmonella enterica, a bacterium that may have been the cause of death for the infected individuals, was found in two Neolithic samples from Battle Axe culture contexts. Several species of the bacterial genus Yersinia were found in Neolithic individuals from Funnel Beaker culture contexts as well as from later Neolithic context. Transmission of e.g. Y. enterocolitica may have been facilitated by the denser populations in agricultural contexts.
9.	Bergfeldt, Nora, et al. (författare) Identification of microbial pathogens in Neolithic Scandinavian humans 2024 Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : NATURE PORTFOLIO. - 2045-2322. ; 14:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract With the Neolithic transition, human lifestyle shifted from hunting and gathering to farming. This change altered subsistence patterns, cultural expression, and population structures as shown by the archaeological/zooarchaeological record, as well as by stable isotope and ancient DNA data. Here, we used metagenomic data to analyse if the transitions also impacted the microbiome composition in 25 Mesolithic and Neolithic hunter-gatherers and 13 Neolithic farmers from several Scandinavian Stone Age cultural contexts. Salmonella enterica, a bacterium that may have been the cause of death for the infected individuals, was found in two Neolithic samples from Battle Axe culture contexts. Several species of the bacterial genus Yersinia were found in Neolithic individuals from Funnel Beaker culture contexts as well as from later Neolithic context. Transmission of e.g. Y. enterocolitica may have been facilitated by the denser populations in agricultural contexts.
10.	Björlin-Lidén, Sara, et al. (författare) The Effect of Service Guarantees on Service Recovery 2003 Ingår i: International Journal of Service Industry Management, 14:(1), 36-58, 2003. Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Service guarantees have been attributed the benefit of improving the overall service of a service provider. However, little research has been carried out within the area. This article focus on one aspect of the service guarantee, the effects that service guarantees may have on service recovery. Critical incident data were collected using the critical incident interview technique with customers of RadissonSAS, a worldwide hotel chain using a service guarantee. One contribution of this article is that the interviews convey that the implicit guarantee may serve as a risk reducer, which contradicts and adds to previous research. Previous research states that only the explicit guarantee has these benefits. In this case, the guarantee does not reduce risk in the purchase or consumption stage, but after the consumption when the service has failed, as the customer finds out about the guarantee in the recovery situation. Another contribution of this article is that service guarantees are found to influence the outcome of service recovery as it affects how employees behave to recover the customer. Keywords: Service guarantee, Service Recovery, RadissonSAS
11.	Dienes, Dora, et al. (författare) Identification of a trypsin-like serine protease from Trichoderma reesei QM9414 2007 Ingår i: Enzyme and Microbial Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0141-0229. ; 40:5, s. 1087-1094 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In the present work the genetically modified Trichoderma reesei strain QM9414 was used to produce full-length Ce17B (endoglucanase I, EGI) under the control of the constitutive Aspergillus nidulans gpdA promoter in the presence of glucose. However, the full-length Ce17B enzyme was found to be truncated to lower molecular weight components in the culture broth. Truncation of recombinant proteins produced in fungi may be due to protease activity. In order to identify major sectreted proteases, protease activity was assessed in culture filtrate of the T reesei QM9414 recombinant. Zymogram analysis revealed the presence of proteolytic activity corresponding to one protein, which was subsequently purified by a combination of ion exchange and size exclusion chromatography. The protein has a molecular mass of 25 kDa, and an isoelectric point of 7.3. By matching tryptic peptide fragments analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry to fungal proteins available in databases as well as to expressed sequence tag (EST) sequences, and comparing the coded amino acids to full-length amino acid sequences, the purified protein was found to be homologous to several trypsin-like fungal serine proteases, with the highest homology to the protease P27 from Trichoderma harzianum. The purified protein was further characterized using benzoyl-arginyl-p-nitroanilide (BApNA) as substrate. It was found to have maximum activity at pH 8 and 50 degrees C, with a k(m)-value of 0.3 mM.
12.	Eriksson, Gunnar, et al. (författare) Exploiting Syntax when Detecting Protein Names in Text 2002. - 1 Ingår i: Proceedings of FMI Workshop on Natural Language Processing in Biomedical Applications. Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract This paper presents work on a method to detect names of proteins in running text. Our system - Yapex - uses a combination of lexical and syntactic knowledge, heuristic filters and a local dynamic dictionary. The syntactic information given by a general-purpose off-the-shelf parser supports the correct identification of the boundaries of protein names, and the local dynamic dictionary finds protein names in positions incompletely analysed by the parser. We present the different steps involved in our approach to protein tagging, and show how combinations of them influence recall and precision. We evaluate the system on a corpus of MEDLINE abstracts and compare it with the KeX system (Fukuda et al., 1998) along four different notions of correctness.
13.	Fjellström, Markus, 1987-, et al. (författare) Nya 14C-dateringar av glaciärfynd vid Ålmallojekna i Jokkmokks kommun, Lappland 2019 Ingår i: Fornvännen. - Solna : Kungl. Vitterhets Historie och Antikvitets Akademien. - 0015-7813 .- 1404-9430. ; :4, s. 253-257 Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
14.	Fornander, Elin, 1981- (författare) Consuming and communicating identities : Dietary diversity and interaction in Middle Neolithic Sweden 2011 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Isotope analyses on human and faunal skeletal remains from different Swedish Neolithic archaeological contexts are here applied as a means to reconstruct dietary strategies and mobility patterns. The chronological emphasis is on the Middle Neolithic period, and radiocarbon dating constitutes another central focus. The results reveal a food cultural diversity throughout the period in question, where dietary differences in part correspond to, but also transcend, the traditionally defined archaeological cultures in the Swedish Early to Middle Neolithic. Further, these differences, and the apparent continued utilisation of marine resources in several regions and cultural contexts, can only in part be explained by chronology or availability of resources depending on geographic location. Thus, the sometimes suggested sharp economic shift towards an agricultural way of life at the onset of the Neolithic is refuted. Taking the potential of isotope analyses a step further, aspects of Neolithic social relations and identities are discussed, partly from a food cultural perspective embarking from the obtained results. Relations between people and places, as well as to the past, are discussed. The apparent tenacity in the dietary strategies observed is understood in terms of their rootedness in the practices and social memory of the Neolithic societies in question. Food cultural practices are further argued to have given rise to different notions of identity, some of which can be related to the different archaeological cultures, although these cultures are not to be perceived as bounded entities or the sole basis of self-conceptualisation. Some of these identities have been focused around the dietary strategies of everyday life, whereas others emanate from practices, e.g. of ritualised character, whose dietary importance has been more marginal. Isotope analyses, when combined with other archaeological indices, have the potential to elucidate both these food cultural aspects.
15.	Fornander, Elin, et al. (författare) Identifying mobility in populations with mixed marine/terrestrial diets : strontium isotope analysis of skeletal material from a passage grave in Resmo, Öland, Sweden 2015 Ingår i: Forging identities. - Oxford : British Archaeological Reports. - 9781407314334 ; , s. 183-192, s. 183-192 Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract Strontium isotope analysis of skeletal material as a means to reconstruct prehistoric residential patterns has previously mainly been applied to populations with terrestrial diets. Here we present a model for populations with mixed marine/terrestrial diets, which is based on two-component mixing of strontium isotopes. Applying this model, we can estimate the original strontium isotope value of the terrestrial component of the diet. Accordingly it is possible to identify non-local individuals even if they had a mixed marine/terrestrial diet. The model is applied to tooth enamel samples representing nine individuals recovered from a passage grave in Resmo, on the island of Öland in the Baltic Sea, where at least five non-local individuals, representing at least two different geographical regions of origin, were identified. Non-local individuals were more frequent during the Bronze Age than during previous phases.
16.	Franzén, Kristofer, et al. (författare) Protein names and how to find them 2002. - 1 Ingår i: International Journal of Medical Informatics. - : Elsevier. - 1386-5056 .- 1872-8243. ; 67, s. 49-61 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract A prerequisite for all higher level information extraction tasks is the identification of unknown names in text. Today, when large corpora can consist of billions of words, it is of utmost importance to develop accurate techniques for the automatic detection, extraction and categorization of named entities in these corpora. Although named entity recognition might be regarded a solved problem in some domains, it still poses a significant challenge in others. In this work we focus on one of the more difficult tasks, the identification of protein names in text. This task presents several interesting difficulties because of the named entities' variant structural characteristics, their sometimes unclear status as names, the lack of common standards and fixed nomenclatures, and the specifics of the texts in the molecular biology domain in which they appear. We describe how we approached these and other difficulties in the implementation of Yapex, a system for the automatic identification of protein names in text. We also evaluate Yapex under four different notions of correctness and compare its performance to that of another publicly available system for protein name recognition.
17.	Förr och Nu Årsbok 2018 : Tidskrift för en folkets kultur och historia 2022 Proceedings (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
18.	Hellstrandh Jorstig, Stina, 1978-, et al. (författare) Determination of Right Ventricular Volume by Combining Echocardiographic Distance Measurements 2016 Ingår i: Echocardiography. - Hoboken, USA : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0742-2822 .- 1540-8175. ; 33:6, s. 844-853 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: The position of the right ventricle (RV), often partly behind the sternum, implies difficulties to image the RV free wall using transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and consequently limits the possibilities of stroke volume calculations. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the volume of the right ventricle (RV) can be determined by combining TTE distance measurements that do not need the RV free wall to be fully visualized.Methods: The RV volume was approximated by an ellipsoid composed of three distances. Distance measurements, modeled RV stroke volumes (RVSV), and RV ejection fraction (RVEF) were compared to reference values obtained from cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging for 12 healthy volunteers.Results: Inter-modality comparisons showed that distance measurements were significantly underestimated in TTE compared to CMR. The modeled RV volumes using TTE distance measurements were underestimated compared to reference CMR volumes. There was, however, for TTE an agreement between modeled RVSV and left ventricular stroke volumes determined by biplane Simpson's rule. Similar agreement was shown between modeled RVSV based on CMR distance measurements and the CMR reference. Regarding RVEF, further studies including patients with a wider range of RVEF are needed to evaluate the method.Conclusion: In conclusion, the ellipsoid model of the RV provides good estimates of RVSVs, but volumes based on distance measurements from different modalities cannot be used interchangeably.
19.	Ingberg, Edvin, 1988-, et al. (författare) RT-PCR cycle threshold value in combination with visual scoring of chest computed tomography at hospital admission predicts outcome in COVID-19 2022 Ingår i: Infectious Diseases. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2374-4235 .- 2374-4243. ; 54:6, s. 431-440 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: COVID-19 has a most variable prognosis. Several risk factors for an unfavourable outcome have been identified including extensive lung involvement on chest CT and high viral load estimated by RT-PCR cycle threshold (Ct) values. We investigated Ct value for outcome prediction, relation between Ct value and extent of lung involvement on chest CT and the combination of Ct value and chest CT lung involvement to predict outcome in COVID-19.METHODS: Population-based retrospective study on all patients (n = 286) hospitalised for COVID-19 in Örebro Region, Sweden, between 1 March and 31 August 2020. Nasopharyngeal samples and chest CT at hospital admission were evaluated in relation to outcome of COVID-19.RESULTS: Both Ct value and chest CT lung involvement were independently associated with risk for ICU admission or death. Lung involvement was superior as a single parameter, but addition of Ct value increased the prediction performance. Ct value was especially useful to identify patients with high risk for severe disease despite limited lung involvement.CONCLUSIONS: The addition of RT-PCR Ct value to the assessment of lung involvement on chest CT adds valuable prognostic information in COVID-19. We believe that this information can be used to support clinical decision-making when managing COVID-19 patients.
20.	Jacobsson, Micael, et al. (författare) Improving structure-based virtual screening by multivariate analysis of scoring data 2003 Ingår i: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0022-2623 .- 1520-4804. ; 46:26, s. 5781-5789 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract hree different multivariate statistical methods, PLS discriminant analysis, rule-based methods, and Bayesian classification, have been applied to multidimensional scoring data from four different target proteins: estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha), matrix metalloprotease 3 (MMP3), factor Xa (fXa), and acetylcholine esterase (AChE). The purpose was to build classifiers able to discriminate between active and inactive compounds, given a structure-based virtual screen. Seven different scoring functions were used to generate the scoring matrices. The classifiers were compared to classical consensus scoring and single scoring functions. The classifiers show a superior performance, with rule-based methods being most effective. The precision of correctly predicting an active compound is about 90% for three of the targets and about 25% for acetylcholine esterase. On the basis of these results, a new two-stage approach is suggested for structure-based virtual screening where limited activity information is available.
21.	Jacobsson, Micael, et al. (författare) Improving structure-based virtual screening by multivariate analysis of scoring data 2003 Ingår i: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. - 0022-2623. ; 46, s. 5781- Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
22.	Jakobsen, Stig S., et al. (författare) Failure of total hip implants : metals and metal release in 52 cases 2014 Ingår i: Contact Dermatitis. - : Wiley. - 0105-1873 .- 1600-0536. ; 71:6, s. 319-325 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BackgroundThe pathogenesis of total joint replacement failure is multifactorial. One hypothesis suggests that corrosion and wear of alloys result in metal ion release, which may then cause sensitization and even implant failure, owing to the acquired immune reactivity. ObjectivesTo assess cobalt, nickel and chromium(VI) release from, and the metal composition of, failed metal-on-ethylene total hip replacements. Materials/methodsImplant components from 52 revision cases were evaluated with spot tests for free nickel, cobalt, and chromium (VI) ions. Implant composition was determined with X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, and information on the reason for revision and complications in relation to surgery was collected from the medical charts when possible (72%). For 10 implants, corrosion was further characterized with scanning electron microscopy. ResultsWe detected cobalt release from three of 38 removed femoral heads and from one of 24 femoral stems. Nickel release was detected from one of 24 femoral stems. No chromium(VI) release was detected. ConclusionsWe found that cobalt and nickel were released from some failed total hip arthroplasties, and corrosion was frequently observed. Metal ions and particles corroded from metal-on-polyethylene may play a role in the complex aetiopathology of implant failure.
23.	Jendeberg, Johan, 1972-, et al. (författare) Differentiation of distal ureteral stones and pelvic phleboliths using a convolutional neural network 2021 Ingår i: Urolithiasis. - : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 2194-7228 .- 2194-7236. ; 49, s. 41-49 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The objectives were to develop and validate a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) using local features for differentiating distal ureteral stones from pelvic phleboliths, compare the CNN method with a semi-quantitative method and with radiologists' assessments and to evaluate whether the assessment of a calcification and its local surroundings is sufficient for discriminating ureteral stones from pelvic phleboliths in non-contrast-enhanced CT (NECT). We retrospectively included 341 consecutive patients with acute renal colic and a ureteral stone on NECT showing either a distal ureteral stone, a phlebolith or both. A 2.5-dimensional CNN (2.5D-CNN) model was used, where perpendicular axial, coronal and sagittal images through each calcification were used as input data for the CNN. The CNN was trained on 384 calcifications, and evaluated on an unseen dataset of 50 stones and 50 phleboliths. The CNN was compared to the assessment by seven radiologists who reviewed a local 5 × 5 × 5 cm image stack surrounding each calcification, and to a semi-quantitative method using cut-off values based on the attenuation and volume of the calcifications. The CNN differentiated stones and phleboliths with a sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 94%, 90% and 92% and an AUC of 0.95. This was similar to a majority vote accuracy of 93% and significantly higher (p = 0.03) than the mean radiologist accuracy of 86%. The semi-quantitative method accuracy was 49%. In conclusion, the CNN differentiated ureteral stones from phleboliths with higher accuracy than the mean of seven radiologists' assessments using local features. However, more than local features are needed to reach optimal discrimination.
24.	Jendeberg, Johan, 1972- (författare) Non-enhanced single-energy computed tomography of urinary stones 2021 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Computed tomography (CT) is the mainstay imaging method for urinary stones.The aim of this thesis was to optimize the information obtained from the initial CT scan to allow a well-founded diagnosis and prognosis, and to guide the clinician as early and as far as possible in the further treatment of urinary stone disease.We examined CT scan parameters with regards to their importance for prediction of spontaneous ureteral stone passage, the impact of interreader variability of stone size estimates on this prediction, and the predictive accuracy of a semi-automated, three-dimensional (3D) segmentation algorithm. We also developed and tested the ability of a machine learning algorithm to classify pelvic calcifications into ureteral stones and phleboliths.Using single-energy CT, three quantitative methods for classification of stone composition into uric acid and non-uric acid stones in vivo were prospectively validated, using dual-energy CT as reference.Our results show that spontaneous ureteral stone passage can be predicted with high accuracy, with knowledge of stone size and position. The interreader variability in the size estimation has a large impact on the predicted outcome, but can be eliminated through a 3D segmentation algorithm. Which size estimate we use is of minor importance, but it is important that we use the chosen estimate consistently. A machine learning algorithm can differentiate distal ureteral stones from phleboliths, but more than local features are needed to reach optimal discrimination.A single-energy CT method can distinguish uric acid from non-uric acid stones in vivo with accuracy comparable to dual-energy CT.In conclusion, single-energy CT not only detects a urinary stone, but can also provide us with a prediction regarding spontaneous stone passage and a classification of stone type into uric acid and non-uric acid.
25.	Jendeberg, Johan, 1972-, et al. (författare) Single-energy CT predicts uric acid stones with accuracy comparable to dual-energy CT-prospective validation of a quantitative method 2021 Ingår i: European Radiology. - : Springer. - 0938-7994 .- 1432-1084. ; 31:8, s. 5980-5989 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract OBJECTIVES: To prospectively validate three quantitative single-energy CT (SE-CT) methods for classifying uric acid (UA) and non-uric acid (non-UA) stones.METHODS: Between September 2018 and September 2019, 116 study participants were prospectively included in the study if they had at least one 3-20-mm urinary stone on an initial urinary tract SE-CT scan. An additional dual-energy CT (DE-CT) scan was performed, limited to the stone of interest. Additionally, to include a sufficient number of UA stones, eight participants with confirmed UA stone on DE-CT were retrospectively included. The SE-CT stone features used in the prediction models were (1) maximum attenuation (maxHU) and (2) the peak point Laplacian (ppLapl) calculated at the position in the stone with maxHU. Two prediction models were previously published methods (ppLapl-maxHU and maxHU) and the third was derived from the previous results based on the k-nearest neighbors (kNN) algorithm (kNN-ppLapl-maxHU). The three methods were evaluated on this new independent stone dataset. The reference standard was the CT vendor's DE-CT application for kidney stones.RESULTS: Altogether 124 participants (59 ± 14 years, 91 men) with 106 non-UA and 37 UA stones were evaluated. For classification of UA and non-UA stones, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 100% (37/37), 97% (103/106), and 98% (140/143), respectively, for kNN-ppLapl-maxHU; 95% (35/37), 98% (104/106), and 97% (139/143) for ppLapl-maxHU; and 92% (34/37), 94% (100/106), and 94% (134/143) for maxHU.CONCLUSION: A quantitative SE-CT method (kNN-ppLapl-maxHU) can classify UA stones with accuracy comparable to DE-CT.KEY POINTS:• Single-energy CT is the first-line diagnostic tool for suspected renal colic.• A single-energy CT method based on the internal urinary stone attenuation distribution can classify urinary stones into uric acid and non-uric acid stones with high accuracy.• This immensely increases the availability of in vivo stone analysis.
26.	Jendeberg, Johan, 1972-, et al. (författare) Single-energy CT predicts uric acid stones with accuracy comparableto dual-energy CT : Prospective validation of a quantitative method Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
27.	Joborn, Martin, 1967-, et al. (författare) Energy efficiency and on-time performance for heavy haul trains 2011 Ingår i: International Heavy Haul Association Conference, Conference Proceedings. Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract The driving advisory system CATO has been installed at iron ore trains at LKAB, Sweden. CATO uses radio communication to communicate, e.g., the operational timetable and train status between the train control center and the trains. The advisories both enable the drivers to keep the operational timetable with very high precision and reduce the energy consumption by 20-25 percent. CATO’s speed advisories are easy to follow, and can easily be adapted to be relevant for heavy haul driving under extreme conditions.
28.	Jorstig, Stina, 1978-, et al. (författare) Distance and area measurement of the right atrium and ventricle by echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging : do we measure the same thing? 2016 Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Purpose: It has previously been shown that stroke volumes measured by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) are underestimated, compared to cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging. The purpose of this study was to evaluate differences in distance and area measurements of the right atrium (RA) and the right ventricle (RV) by TTE and CMR.Methods: TTE examinations and CMR examinations were subsequently performed in 12 healthy volunteers. Three distances (RAL - right atrial length, RVIT3 - right ventricular inflow tract, RVLAX - right ventricular long axis) and one area (RVA - right ventricular area) were measured in TTE and CMR. Stroke volumes were also calculated using conventional methods available on each modality. Both intramodality and intermodality comparisons were performed based on measurements from three observers. One of the observers performed measurements in both TTE and CMR.Results: Intermodality comparisons showed that all distance and area measurements were significantly smaller using TTE (Table 1). Two of the measurements, RVIT3 and RVA, differed at about 50%. Calculated stroke volumes showed, consistent with previous results, that the TTE stroke volumes are substantially underestimated compared to CMR volumes. Intramodality variations of distance and area measurements were considerably smaller (Table 1).Conclusions: Our results show that RV distances and areas measured by TTE are smaller compared to CMR, probably due to differences in defining the endocardial borders. These differences subsequently result in smaller stroke volumes when using TTE. Caution should be taken when comparing distances, areas and volumes measured by TTE and CMR.
29.	Jorstig, Stina Hellstrand, 1978-, et al. (författare) A study to determine the contribution to right ventricle stroke volume from pulmonary and tricuspid valve displacement volumes 2015 Ingår i: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 35:4, s. 283-290 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: Describing the systolic function of the right ventricle (RV) is a difficult task due to the complex shape and orientation of the RV. The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which the volumes encompassed by the pulmonary and tricuspid valve displacements contribute to the total right ventricle stroke volume (RVSV).METHODS: Twelve healthy volunteers were examined using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Two series of time-resolved axially rotated MR images were acquired that encompassed the tricuspid valve and the pulmonary valve, respectively. The volume related to each valve movement, the tricuspid plane displacement (TPD) and the pulmonary plane displacement (PPD), was determined by delineation in diastole and systole. These volumes, RVSVTPD and RVSVPPD , were compared to the stroke volume to determine the contributions to the total stroke volume from the TPD and the PPD. The remaining volume of the total RVSV was referred to as RVSVOther . An initial in vitro study was carried out to validate the accuracy of volume measurements using axially rotated images.RESULTS: In vitro measurements indicated that the method for volumetric measurements using axially rotated images was a very accurate one, with a mean difference of 0·04 ± 0·10 ml. The in vivo measurements of RVSVTPD , RVSVPPD and RVSVOther were 45 ± 10%, 13 ± 2% and 42 ± 11%, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: Right ventricle stroke volume is determined by different individual volume changes as follows: RVSVTPD together with RVSVOther contributes to almost the entire RVSV in nearly equal proportions, while RVSVPPD contributes only a small amount and is approximately 30% of either RVSVTPD or RVSVOther.
30.	Jorstig, Stina, 1978- (författare) On the assessment of right ventricular function using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and echocardiography 2016 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging are two commonly used imaging modalities for evaluating the size and function of the heart. There are advantages and disadvantages associated with both modalities when examining the right ventricle (RV).The RV is positioned partly behind the sternum and lung, sometimes causing shadows in the TTE images. This along with the complex shape of the RV makes volume calculations challenging by 2D TTE. CMR is considered to be the reference method for volume calculations of the ventricles. The valve separating the RV from the right atrium is however often oblique compared to the valve separating the left ventricle from the left atrium. This complicates RV volume calculations using conventional CMR short-axis stack images. The aim of this thesis was to find ways to improve the RV stroke volume and ejection fraction calculations using TTE and CMR.A method, transferring the position of the tricuspid plane from RV long-axis images to short-axis images, was developed to improve the separation of the right atrium from the RV when calculating RV stroke volumes by CMR. The method provided calculations of RV stroke volumes with good agreement to reference volumes. Further, the movements contributing to the RV stroke volume was studied aiming to find new ways of calculating RV stroke volumes and ejection fraction by TTE. A model for RV stroke volume and ejection fraction calculations was evaluated showing underestimation of stroke volumes by TTE compared to CMR, which probably depend on differences in distance measurements using the two modalities. The model provided, however, promising results for ejection fraction calculations which was validated in a study of 37 participants that covered a wide range of EF.
31.	Jorstig, Stina, 1978-, et al. (författare) Right ventricular ejection fraction measurements using two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography by applying an ellipsoid model 2017 Ingår i: Cardiovascular Ultrasound. - : BioMed Central. - 1476-7120. ; 15 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: There is today no established approach to estimate right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) using 2D transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). The aim of this study was to evaluate a new method for RVEF calculations using 2D TTE and compare the results with cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE).Methods: A total of 37 subjects, 25 retrospectively included patients and twelve healthy volunteers, were included to give a wide range of RVEF. The right ventricle (RV) was modeled as a part of an ellipsoid enabling calculation of the RV volume by combining three distance measurements. RVEF calculated according to the model, RVEFTTE, were compared with reference CMR-derived RVEF, RVEFCMR. Further, TAPSE was measured in the TTE images and the correlations were calculated between RVEFTTE, TAPSE and RVEFCMR.Results: The mean values were RVEFCMR = 43 +/- 12% (range 20-66%) and RVEFTTE = 50 +/- 9% (range 34-65%). There was a high correlation (r = 0.80, p < 0.001) between RVEFTTE and RVEFCMR. Bland-Altman analysis showed a mean difference between RVEFCMR and RVEFTTE of 6 percentage points (ppt) with limits of agreement from -11 to 23 ppt. The mean value for TAPSE was 19 +/- 5 mm and the correlation between TAPSE and RVEFCMR was moderate (r = 0.54, p < 0.001). The correlation between RVEFTTE and RVEFCMR was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the correlation between TAPSE and RVEFCMR.Conclusions: The ellipsoid model shows promise for RVEF calculations using 2D TTE for a wide range of RVEF, providing RVEF estimates that were significantly better correlated to RVEF obtained from CMR compared to TAPSE.
32.	Jorstig, Stina, 1978-, et al. (författare) Right ventricular ejection fraction measurements using twodimensional echocardiography Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
33.	Krauss, Wolfgang, 1973-, et al. (författare) Radiomics from multisite MRI and clinical data to predict clinically significant prostate cancer 2024 Ingår i: Acta Radiologica. - : Sage Publications. - 0284-1851 .- 1600-0455. ; 23:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is useful in the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). MRI-derived radiomics may support the diagnosis of csPCa. PURPOSE: To investigate whether adding radiomics from biparametric MRI to predictive models based on clinical and MRI parameters improves the prediction of csPCa in a multisite-multivendor setting.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Clinical information (PSA, PSA density, prostate volume, and age), MRI reviews (PI-RADS 2.1), and radiomics (histogram and texture features) were retrieved from prospectively included patients examined at different radiology departments and with different MRI systems, followed by MRI-ultrasound fusion guided biopsies of lesions PI-RADS 3-5. Predictive logistic regression models of csPCa (Gleason score ≥7) for the peripheral (PZ) and transition zone (TZ), including clinical data and PI-RADS only, and combined with radiomics, were built and compared using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.RESULTS: In total, 456 lesions in 350 patients were analyzed. In PZ and TZ, PI-RADS 4-5 and PSA density, and age in PZ, were independent predictors of csPCa in models without radiomics. In models including radiomics, PI-RADS 4-5, PSA density, age, and ADC energy were independent predictors in PZ, and PI-RADS 5, PSA density and ADC mean in TZ. Comparison of areas under the ROC curve (AUC) for the models without radiomics (PZ: AUC = 0.82, TZ: AUC = 0.80) versus with radiomics (PZ: AUC = 0.82, TZ: AUC = 0.82) showed no significant differences (PZ: P = 0.366; TZ: P = 0.171).CONCLUSION: PSA density and PI-RADS are potent predictors of csPCa. Radiomics do not add significant information to our multisite-multivendor dataset.
34.	Lewin, Richard, 1976, et al. (författare) A Randomized Prospective Study of Prophylactic Cloxacillin in Breast Reduction Surgery. 2015 Ingår i: Annals of plastic surgery. - 1536-3708. ; 74:1, s. 17-21 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Postoperative infection after breast reduction surgery is a common complication, with the most commonly involved pathogen being Staphylococcus aureus. Previous studies of antibiotic prophylaxis in breast reduction surgery have been inconclusive. The aim of the present study was to clarify the role of prophylactic antibiotics in breast reduction surgery.
35.	Lidén, Anne, 1947- (författare) Olav den helige i medeltida bildkonst : Legendmotiv och attribut 1999 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract This iconographical study includes all pictorial narratives from the legend of the Martyr King Saint Olav and a variety of samples of his symbolic attributes in representational images. Olav II Haraldsson was king of Norway 1015-1030. After his martyrdom at the Battle of Stiklestad on July 29th 1030 and enshrinement on August 3rd 1031 in Trondheim, the tomb shrine was translated to Nidaros Cathedral, a Nordic main centre of pilgrimage. Many churches in Scandinavia are dedicated to Saint Olav and the images are often placed as triumphal motifs at the altar of the patron saint, "the pillar of the church", at the southern part of the triumphal arch in the nave.The catalogue and indexes contain around 500 works of medieval art in Scandinavian and other European countries, from Romanesque and Gothic to Early Renaissance, mostly from parish churches, such as murals, shrines and altarpieces with panel paintings and wooden sculptures, but also as illuminations in liturgical books and law codes or seals and stone sculptures. The pictorial narratives contain ten hagiographical events from the Vita et Miracula of Saint Olav, his conversion, baptism, voyage, arrival and coronation, vision of paradise, death at the Battle of Stiklestad and crowning as martyr, enshrinement and miracles. Both narrative and symbolic images have been compared with corresponding episodes and themes about Saint Olav in medieval texts from the period 1040-1540, liturgical poems, legends and homilies or chronicles, sagas and ballads, both in Latin and in vernacular languages.The general comparative analyses show a close relation between art and liturgy during the Feast of Saint Olav, from the vigilia on July 28th to the octave on August 5th, in repertoires of both the Divine Office and Mass, especially the themes of voyage and battle. Modelled after biblical kings, prophets, wise teachers and apostles, fulfilling the prophecy of Imitatio Christi, the image of Saint Olav embodied his divine role as intercessor for the congregation.
36.	Lidén, Maria, 1954-, et al. (författare) Cow's milk protein and gluten-enviromental factors to be considered in the pathogenesis of spondyloarthropathies Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
37.	Lidén, Maria, et al. (författare) Cow's milk protein sensitivity assessed by the mucosal patch technique is related to irritable bowel syndrome in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome 2008 Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - : Wiley. - 0954-7894 .- 1365-2222. ; 38:6, s. 929-935 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract INTRODUCTION: Patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) are reported to have a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms partly attributed to an overrepresentation of celiac disease. We have observed that irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-like symptoms are frequent complaints in this patient group. Allergic manifestations to various drugs are also common in pSS. A role of food allergy in IBS has been proposed. OBJECTIVE: This study is aimed at evaluating the mucosal response to rectal challenge with cow's milk protein (CM) in patients with pSS and relates possible CM reactivity to their intestinal symptoms. Methods: A rectal challenge with CM was performed in 21 patients with pSS and 18 healthy controls. Fifteen hours after challenge the mucosal production of nitric oxide (NO) and the release of myeloperoxidase (MPO) as signs of mucosal inflammatory reaction were measured using the mucosal patch technique. RESULTS: Eight out of 21 patients with pSS had a definite increase of mucosal NO synthesis and the luminal release of MPO after rectal CM challenge. This sign of milk sensitivity was not linked to IgG/IgA antibodies to milk proteins. The symptoms for IBS according to Rome III criteria were fulfilled in 13 patients. All patients who were CM sensitive suffered from IBS. In a small open study, patients reactive to CM reported an improvement of intestinal symptoms on a CM-free diet. CONCLUSION: A rectal mucosal inflammatory response after CM challenge is seen in 38% of patients with pSS as a sign of CM sensitivity. IBS-like symptoms were common in pSS, linked to CM sensitivity.
38.	Lidén, Mats, 1976-, et al. (författare) Discrimination between distal ureteral stones and pelvic phleboliths in CT using a deep neural network : more than local features needed 2018 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Purpose: To develop a deep learning method for assisting radiologists in the discrimination between distal ureteral stones and pelvic phleboliths in thin slice CT images, and to evaluate whether this differentiation is possible using only local features.Methods and materials: A limited field-of-view image data bank was retrospectively created, consisting of 5x5x5 cm selections from 1 mm thick unenhanced CT images centered around 218 pelvis phleboliths and 267 distal ureteral stones in 336 patients. 50 stones and 50 phleboliths formed a validation cohort and the remainder a training cohort. Ground truth was established by a radiologist using the complete CT examination during inclusion.The limited field-of-view CT stacks were independently reviewed and classified as containing a distal ureteral stone or a phlebolith by seven radiologists. Each cropped stack consisted of 50 slices (5x5 cm field-of-view) and was displayed in a standard PACS reading environment. A convolutional neural network using three perpendicular images (2.5D-CNN) from the limited field-of-view CT stacks was trained for classification.Results: The 2.5D-CNN obtained 89% accuracy (95% confidence interval 81%-94%) for the classification in the unseen validation cohort while the accuracy of radiologists reviewing the same cohort was 86% (range 76%-91%). There was no statistically significant difference between 2.5D-CNN and radiologists.Conclusion: The 2.5D-CNN achieved radiologist level classification accuracy between distal ureteral stones and pelvic phleboliths when only using the local features. The mean accuracy of 86% for radiologists using limited field-of-view indicates that distant anatomical information that helps identifying the ureter’s course is needed.
39.	Lidén, Mats, 1976-, et al. (författare) Impact of Heart Rate on Flow Measurements in Aortic Regurgitation 2017 Ingår i: Journal of Heart Valve Disease. - : I C R Publishers Ltd.. - 0966-8519 .- 2053-2644. ; 26:5, s. 502-508 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: Flow measurements using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) enable quantification of the stroke volume, regurgitant volume (RV) and regurgitant fraction (RF) in patients with aortic regurgitation (AR). These variables are used to assess the severity of the valve disease and for the timing of surgery. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of an increased heart rate on measurement of the RV and RF in patients with AR.METHODS: Among 13 patients with known moderate or severe AR, regurgitant flow measurements, using phase-contrast cine magnetic resonance imaging, were obtained in the ascending aorta. Flow measurements were obtained at rest and at increased heart rates after intravenous administration of atropine.RESULTS: The mean heart rate was 61 beats per min at rest and 91 beats per min after atropine administration. The RV and RF were 52 ml and 35% at rest, respectively, and 34 ml (p <0.001) and 30% (p = 0.065) at increased heart rate, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: An increased heart rate leads to a decreased RV. The RF is more stable and may therefore be preferable for severity grading in AR.
40.	Lidén, Mats, 1976-, et al. (författare) Machine learning slice-wise whole-lung CT emphysema score correlates with airway obstruction 2024 Ingår i: European Radiology. - : Springer. - 0938-7994 .- 1432-1084. ; 34:1, s. 39-49 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract OBJECTIVES: Quantitative CT imaging is an important emphysema biomarker, especially in smoking cohorts, but does not always correlate to radiologists' visual CT assessments. The objectives were to develop and validate a neural network-based slice-wise whole-lung emphysema score (SWES) for chest CT, to validate SWES on unseen CT data, and to compare SWES with a conventional quantitative CT method.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Separate cohorts were used for algorithm development and validation. For validation, thin-slice CT stacks from 474 participants in the prospective cross-sectional Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) were included, 395 randomly selected and 79 from an emphysema cohort. Spirometry (FEV1/FVC) and radiologists' visual emphysema scores (sum-visual) obtained at inclusion in SCAPIS were used as reference tests. SWES was compared with a commercially available quantitative emphysema scoring method (LAV950) using Pearson's correlation coefficients and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis.RESULTS: SWES correlated more strongly with the visual scores than LAV950 (r = 0.78 vs. r = 0.41, p < 0.001). The area under the ROC curve for the prediction of airway obstruction was larger for SWES than for LAV950 (0.76 vs. 0.61, p = 0.007). SWES correlated more strongly with FEV1/FVC than either LAV950 or sum-visual in the full cohort (r = - 0.69 vs. r = - 0.49/r = - 0.64, p < 0.001/p = 0.007), in the emphysema cohort (r = - 0.77 vs. r = - 0.69/r = - 0.65, p = 0.03/p = 0.002), and in the random sample (r = - 0.39 vs. r = - 0.26/r = - 0.25, p = 0.001/p = 0.007).CONCLUSION: The slice-wise whole-lung emphysema score (SWES) correlates better than LAV950 with radiologists' visual emphysema scores and correlates better with airway obstruction than do LAV950 and radiologists' visual scores.CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: The slice-wise whole-lung emphysema score provides quantitative emphysema information for CT imaging that avoids the disadvantages of threshold-based scores and is correlated more strongly with reference tests than LAV950 and reader visual scores.KEY POINTS: • A slice-wise whole-lung emphysema score (SWES) was developed to quantify emphysema in chest CT images. • SWES identified visual emphysema and spirometric airflow limitation significantly better than threshold-based score (LAV950). • SWES improved emphysema quantification in CT images, which is especially useful in large-scale research.
41.	Lidén, Mats, 1976-, et al. (författare) Multi-Reader-Multi-Split Annotation of Emphysema in Computed Tomography 2020 Ingår i: Journal of digital imaging. - : Springer. - 0897-1889 .- 1618-727X. ; 33:5, s. 1185-1193 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Emphysema is visible on computed tomography (CT) as low-density lesions representing the destruction of the pulmonary alveoli. To train a machine learning model on the emphysema extent in CT images, labeled image data is needed. The provision of these labels requires trained readers, who are a limited resource. The purpose of the study was to test the reading time, inter-observer reliability and validity of the multi-reader-multi-split method for acquiring CT image labels from radiologists. The approximately 500 slices of each stack of lung CT images were split into 1-cm chunks, with 17 thin axial slices per chunk. The chunks were randomly distributed to 26 readers, radiologists and radiology residents. Each chunk was given a quick score concerning emphysema type and severity in the left and right lung separately. A cohort of 102 subjects, with varying degrees of visible emphysema in the lung CT images, was selected from the SCAPIS pilot, performed in 2012 in Gothenburg, Sweden. In total, the readers created 9050 labels for 2881 chunks. Image labels were compared with regional annotations already provided at the SCAPIS pilot inclusion. The median reading time per chunk was 15 s. The inter-observer Krippendorff's alpha was 0.40 and 0.53 for emphysema type and score, respectively, and higher in the apical part than in the basal part of the lungs. The multi-split emphysema scores were generally consistent with regional annotations. In conclusion, the multi-reader-multi-split method provided reasonably valid image labels, with an estimation of the inter-observer reliability.
42.	Lidén, Mats, 1976-, et al. (författare) Quantitative T2* imaging of iron overload in a non-dedicated center - Normal variation, repeatability and reader variation 2021 Ingår i: European journal of radiology open. - : Elsevier. - 2352-0477. ; 8 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Patients with transfusion dependent anemia are at risk of complications from iron overload. Quantitative T2* magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the best non-invasive method to assess iron deposition in the liver and heart and to guide chelation therapy.Purpose: To investigate the image quality and inter-observer variations in T2* measurements of the myocardium and the liver, and to obtain the lower limit of cardiac and hepatic quantitative T2* values in patients without suspicion of iron overload.Material and methods: Thirty-eight patients referred for cardiac MRI were prospectively included in the study. Three patients were referred with, and 35 without suspicion of iron overload. Quantitative T2* parametric maps were obtained on a 1.5 T MRI system in the cardiac short axis and liver axial view. Two readers independently assessed the image quality and the representative and the lowest T2* value in the myocardium and the liver.Results: The normal range of representative T2* values in the myocardium and liver was 24-45 ms and 14-37 ms, respectively. None of the 35 participants (0 %, 95 % confidence interval 0-11 %) in the normal reference group demonstrated representative T2* values below previously reported lower limits in the myocardium (20 ms) or the liver (8 ms). Focal myocardial areas with T2* values near the lower normal range, 19-20 ms, were seen in two patients. The readers generally reported good image quality.Conclusion: T2* imaging for assessing iron overload can be performed in a non-dedicated center with sufficient image quality.
43.	Lidén, Maria, 1954-, et al. (författare) Self-reported food intolerance and mucosal reactivity after rectal food protein challenge in patients with rheumatoid arthritis 2010 Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0300-9742 .- 1502-7732. ; 39:4, s. 292-298 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objectives: A dietary link to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been suspected and an influence on arthritic symptoms by different diets has been reported. Our primary aim was to record the self-experienced adverse food reactions in patients with RA. A secondary aim was to relate self-experienced adverse reactions to dairy produce and wheat to the local mucosal reactivity observed after rectal challenge with cow's milk protein (CM) and wheat gluten. Methods: A questionnaire about self-experienced adverse reaction to food was sent to 347 RA patients. Rectal challenge with CM and gluten was performed in 27 of these patients and in healthy controls (n = 18). After a 15-h challenge the mucosal production of nitric oxide (NO) and the mucosal release of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) were measured by using the mucosal patch technique. Results: Twenty-seven per cent of the RA patients reported food intolerance (FI) to various foods, and in particular to CM, meat, and wheat gluten. Strong mucosal reactivity to CM was observed in 11% of the patients. Moderately increased mucosal reactivity to CM and gluten was found in 22% and 33%, respectively, of the patients. No relationship was found between self-experienced adverse reactions to CM or gluten and mucosal reactivity to these proteins. Conclusions: Perceived FI is reported frequently by RA patients, with a prevalence similar to that reported previously in the general population. Mucosal reactivity to CM and gluten is seen in a minor fraction of RA patients and is not related to the frequently perceived intolerance to these proteins.
44.	Lidén, Mats, 1976-, et al. (författare) Two- and three-dimensional CT measurements of urinary calculi length and width : a comparative study Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract The standard imaging procedure for a patient presenting with renal colic is unenhanced CT. The CT measured size has a close correlation to the estimated prognosis for spontaneous passage of a ureteral calculus. Size estimations of urinary calculi in CT images are still based on 2d-reformats. In the present study we developed and validated a calculus oriented 3dmethod for measurements of length and width of urinary calculi and compared those with corresponding 2d measurements in axial and coronal reformats.Methods: Fifty unenhanced CT examinations demonstrating urinary calculi were included. A 3d-symmetric segmentation algorithm was validated against reader size estimations. The calculus-oriented size from the segmentation was then compared to the size in axial and coronal reformats.Results: The validation showed 0.1±0.7 mm agreement against reference measure. There was a 0.4 mm median bias for 3d-estimated calculus length compared to 2d (p<0.001), but no significant bias for 3d-width compared to 2d.Conclusion: The size of the urinary calculus becomes underestimated if its orientation is not aligned to the axial or coronal image plane. Future studies aiming to correlate calculus size with patient outcome should use a calculus oriented size estimation.
45.	Lidén, Mats, 1976-, et al. (författare) Two- and three-dimensional CT measurements of urinary calculi length and width : a comparative study 2015 Ingår i: Acta Radiologica. - : Sage Publications. - 0284-1851 .- 1600-0455. ; 56:4, s. 487-492 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: The standard imaging procedure for a patient presenting with renal colic is unenhanced computed tomography (CT). The CT measured size has a close correlation to the estimated prognosis for spontaneous passage of a ureteral calculus. Size estimations of urinary calculi in CT images are still based on two-dimensional (2D) reformats.Purpose: To develop and validate a calculus oriented three-dimensional (3D) method for measuring the length and width of urinary calculi and to compare the calculus oriented measurements of the length and width with corresponding 2D measurements obtained in axial and coronal reformats.Material and Methods: Fifty unenhanced CT examinations demonstrating urinary calculi were included. A 3D symmetric segmentation algorithm was validated against reader size estimations. The calculus oriented size from the segmentation was then compared to the estimated size in axial and coronal 2D reformats.Results: The validation showed 0.1 +/- 0.7mm agreement against reference measure. There was a 0.4mm median bias for 3D estimated calculus length compared to 2D (P < 0.001), but no significant bias for 3D width compared to 2D.Conclusion: The length of a calculus in axial and coronal reformats becomes underestimated compared to 3D if its orientation is not aligned to the image planes. Future studies aiming to correlate calculus size with patient outcome should use a calculus oriented size estimation.
46.	Lidén, Mats, 1976-, et al. (författare) Urinary stone size estimation : a new segmentation algorithm-based CT method 2012 Ingår i: European Radiology. - New York, USA : Springer. - 0938-7994 .- 1432-1084. ; 22:4, s. 731-737 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The size estimation in CT images of an obstructing ureteral calculus is important for the clinical management of a patient presenting with renal colic. The objective of the present study was to develop a reader independent urinary calculus segmentation algorithm using well-known digital image processing steps and to validate the method against size estimations by several readers. Fifty clinical CT examinations demonstrating urinary calculi were included. Each calculus was measured independently by 11 readers. The mean value of their size estimations was used as validation data for each calculus. The segmentation algorithm consisted of interpolated zoom, binary thresholding and morphological operations. Ten examinations were used for algorithm optimisation and 40 for validation. Based on the optimisation results three segmentation method candidates were identified. Between the primary segmentation algorithm using cubic spline interpolation and the mean estimation by 11 readers, the bias was 0.0 mm, the standard deviation of the difference 0.26 mm and the Bland-Altman limits of agreement 0.0 +/- 0.5 mm. The validation showed good agreement between the suggested algorithm and the mean estimation by a large number of readers. The limit of agreement was narrower than the inter-reader limit of agreement previously reported for the same data. The size of kidney stones is usually estimated manually by the radiologist. An algorithm for computer-aided size estimation is introduced. The variability between readers can be reduced. A reduced variability can give better information for treatment decisions.
47.	Lidén, Per, et al. (författare) Protein name tagging for browsing support, active database cross linking, and information retrieval 2002. - 2 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Whereas many applications of natural language processing for molecular biology focus on protein name tagging for the purpose high-level information extraction from large corpuses of scientific text, such as automatic identification of protein-protein interactions, high quality protein name tagging has a value in itself. The aim of this study was to design, implement, and evaluate a high-accuracy protein name tagger, and give proof-of-concept for some of the most basic applications of protein name tagging in an information retrieval setting, namely browsing support, active database cross linking, and enhanced query functionality. A combination of heuristics, dictionary look-up, syntactic analysis, and the application of a local dynamic dictionary were used to create a protein name tagger. This tagger outperforms a previously published similar system when benchmarked on a corpus of manually annotated Medline abstracts. In addition to evaluating the tagging performance, the implemented algorithm was used to add mark-up to a corpus of approximately 10000 Medline abstracts, which were indexed in a state-of-the-art information retrieval system. Indexing highlights many basic benets of adding named entity mark-up such as protein names. One obvious benet is that the search process is enhanced by the addition of a search eld. Furthermore, the mark-up can be used for providing active hyperlinks between protein entities in presented documents and protein sequence databases, such as SwissProt, when both databases are indexed in the same information retrieval system. Efficient links can also be constructed in the opposite direction providing high precision retrieval of documents relevant for protein entries. Fast and accurate cross linking can be obtained by using an efficient implementation of the eld based approximate cosine measure, which is a simple standard information retrieval technique for document similarity searching. This poster presents methods, results, implementation details, and features of a prototype system.
48.	Lundin Gurné, Frida, et al. (författare) Seeking lifestyle counselling at primary health care centres: a cross-sectional study in the Swedish population 2023 Ingår i: BMC Primary Care. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2731-4553. ; 24:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Millions of people follow an unhealthy lifestyle in terms of tobacco consumption, hazardous use of alcohol, poor eating habits, and insufficient physical activity. Healthy lifestyles can to a large extent prevent and/or delay progression of non-communicable diseases. Factors influencing persons health-seeking behaviour regarding unhealthy lifestyles are of importance for sustainable health-promotive and disease-preventive work in primary health care. Generally, lifestyle interventions within primary health care are seen as feasible, but rarely reach all members of the general population. Few studies have been conducted about the likelihood among the general population to voluntarily contact a primary health care centre for support regarding lifestyle changes. The present study therefore aimed to investigate the general population’s likelihood of contacting a primary health care centre regarding their lifestyles, and factors associated with a lower such likelihood. Methods: A probability sample of adults living in Sweden (n = 3750) were invited to participate in a cross-sectional survey regarding how societal developments affect attitudes and behaviours of the adult Swedish population. Data were collected between September and December 2020. Participants completed a questionnaire about lifestyle changes, and the data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. Results: The response rate was 52.0% (n = 1 896). Few persons responded that they would be likely to contact a primary health care centre for support regarding their lifestyles. Factors predicting a lower likelihood of contacting primary health care included few yearly visits to a primary health care centre, male sex, and living in a rural area. Conclusions: Primary health care centres are not the first choice for lifestyle counselling for the majority of adults living in Sweden. We have identified factors predicting low likelihood of using the support available at these centres. In order to work with sustainable and visible health-promotive and disease-preventive strategies at primary health care centres, these settings need to find valid methods to involve and collaborate with the members of the general community, to meet the needs of a population struggling with unhealthy lifestyles.
49.	Längkvist, Martin, 1983-, et al. (författare) Computer aided detection of ureteral stones in thin slice computed tomography volumes using Convolutional Neural Networks 2018 Ingår i: Computers in Biology and Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 0010-4825 .- 1879-0534. ; 97, s. 153-160 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Computed tomography (CT) is the method of choice for diagnosing ureteral stones - kidney stones that obstruct the ureter. The purpose of this study is to develop a computer aided detection (CAD) algorithm for identifying a ureteral stone in thin slice CT volumes. The challenge in CAD for urinary stones lies in the similarity in shape and intensity of stones with non-stone structures and how to efficiently deal with large high-resolution CT volumes. We address these challenges by using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) that works directly on the high resolution CT volumes. The method is evaluated on a large data base of 465 clinically acquired high-resolution CT volumes of the urinary tract with labeling of ureteral stones performed by a radiologist. The best model using 2.5D input data and anatomical information achieved a sensitivity of 100% and an average of 2.68 false-positives per patient on a test set of 88 scans.
50.	Malmström, Helena Jankovic, et al. (författare) Ancient mitochondrial DNA from the northern fringe of the Neolithic farming expansion in Europe sheds light on the dispersion process 2015 Ingår i: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences. - : The Royal Society. - 0962-8436 .- 1471-2970. ; 370:1660 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The European Neolithization process started around 12 000 years ago in the Near East. The introduction of agriculture spread north and west throughout Europe and a key question has been if this was brought about by migrating individuals, by an exchange of ideas or a by a mixture of these. The earliest farming evidence in Scandinavia is found within the Funnel Beaker Culture complex (Trichterbecherkultur, TRB) which represents the northernmost extension of Neolithic farmers in Europe. The TRB coexisted for almost a millennium with hunter-gatherers of the Pitted Ware Cultural complex (PWC). If migration was a substantial part of the Neolithization, even the northerly TRB community would display a closer genetic affinity to other farmer populations than to hunter-gatherer populations. We deep-sequenced the mitochondrial hypervariable region 1 from seven farmers (six TRB and one Battle Axe complex, BAC) and 13 hunter-gatherers (PWC) and authenticated the sequences using postmortem DNA damage patterns. A comparison with 124 previously published sequences from prehistoric Europe shows that the TRB individuals share a close affinity to Central European farmer populations, and that they are distinct from hunter-gatherer groups, including the geographically close and partially contemporary PWC that show a close affinity to the European Mesolithic hunter-gatherers.

Skapa referenser, mejla, bekava och länka

Länka till träfflistan

Resultat 1-50 av 57

Avgränsa träffmängd

Typ av publikation: tidskriftsartikel (34); konferensbidrag (8); annan publikation (4); doktorsavhandling (4); rapport (3); bok (1); visa fler...; proceedings (redaktörskap) (1); forskningsöversikt (1); bokkapitel (1); visa färre...

Typ av innehåll: refereegranskat (41); övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt (16)

Författare/redaktör: Lidén, Mats, 1976- (23); Thunberg, Per, 1968- (17); Jendeberg, Johan, 19 ... (7); Stålbrand, Henrik (4); Asker, Lars (4); Eriksson, Gunnar (4); visa fler...; Lidén, Gunnar (3); Olsson, Fredrik (3); Boström, Henrik (3); Kusar, Henrik (3); Geijer, Håkan, 1961- (3); Björnsson, Lovisa (3); Lidén, Kerstin (3); Norinder, Ulf (3); Wetterlund, Elisabet ... (3); Sjöström, Krister (3); Zacchi, Guido (3); Wallberg, Ola (3); Venge, Per (3); Arnell, Jenny (3); Hoffstedt, Christian (3); Klintbom, Patrik (3); Magnusson, Mimmi (3); Öhrman, Olof (3); Jakobsson, Mattias (3); Waldenborg, Micael, ... (3); Unneberg, Per (2); Loutfi, Amy, 1978- (2); Lidén, Kerstin, 1960 ... (2); Börjesson, Pål (2); Pettersson, Karin (2); Ahlstrand, Erik, 197 ... (2); Cajander, Sara, 1980 ... (2); Cajander, Per, 1976- (2); Löf, Erika (2); Wegener, Matthias (2); Hällgren, Roger (2); Harvey, Simon (2); Rydberg, Tomas (2); Längkvist, Martin, 1 ... (2); Krauss, Wolfgang, 19 ... (2); Hjelmgren, Ola (2); Berglin, Niklas (2); Grahn, Maria (2); Holmgren, Kristina (2); Jelse, Kristian (2); Skar, Birgitte (2); Sanchez-Quinto, Fede ... (2); Oskolkov, Nikolay (2); Fraser, Magdalena (2); visa färre...

Lärosäte: Örebro universitet (24); Stockholms universitet (9); Uppsala universitet (8); Linköpings universitet (7); Lunds universitet (7); Göteborgs universitet (5); visa fler...; RISE (4); Karolinska Institutet (4); Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (3); Umeå universitet (1); Mittuniversitetet (1); Chalmers tekniska högskola (1); Riksantikvarieämbetet (1); Karlstads universitet (1); Försvarshögskolan (1); Naturhistoriska riksmuseet (1); visa färre...

Språk: Engelska (52); Svenska (4); Odefinierat språk (1)

Forskningsämne (UKÄ/SCB): Medicin och hälsovetenskap (29); Naturvetenskap (14); Teknik (9); Humaniora (7); Samhällsvetenskap (1)

År

Kungliga biblioteket hanterar dina personuppgifter i enlighet med EU:s dataskyddsförordning (2018), GDPR. Läs mer om hur det funkar här.
Så här hanterar KB dina uppgifter vid användning av denna tjänst.

LIBRIS.kb.se

Stäng

Kopiera och spara länken för att återkomma till aktuell vy