| 1. |
- Lidskog, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental and Computational Models for Side Chain Discrimination in Peptide–Protein Interactions
- 2021
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Ingår i: Chemistry - A European Journal. - : Wiley. - 0947-6539 .- 1521-3765. ; 27:42, s. 10883-10897
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A bis(18-crown-6) Tröger's base receptor and 4-substituted hepta-1,7-diyl bisammonium salt ligands have been used as a model system to study the interactions between non-polar side chains of peptides and an aromatic cavity of a protein. NMR titrations and NOESY/ROESY NMR spectroscopy were used to analyze the discrimination of the ligands by the receptor based on the substituent of the ligand, both quantitatively (free binding energies) and qualitatively (conformations). The analysis showed that an all-anti conformation of the heptane chain was preferred for most of the ligands, both free and when bound to the receptor, and that for all of the receptor-ligand complexes, the substituent was located inside or partly inside of the aromatic cavity of the receptor. We estimated the free binding energy of a methyl- and a phenyl group to an aromatic cavity, via CH-π, and combined aromatic CH-π and π-π interactions to be −1.7 and −3.3 kJ mol−1, respectively. The experimental results were used to assess the accuracy of different computational methods, including molecular mechanics (MM) and density functional theory (DFT) methods, showing that MM was superior.
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| 2. |
- Aspelin, Vidar, et al.
(författare)
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Counterintuitive Electrostatics upon Metal Ion Coordination to a Receptor with Two Homotopic Binding Sites
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-5126 .- 0002-7863. ; 144:7, s. 2921-2932
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The consecutive binding of two potassium ions to a bis(18-crown-6) analogue of Tröger’s base (BCETB) in water was studied by isothermal titration calorimetry using four different salts, KCl, KI, KSCN, and K2SO4. A counterintuitive result was observed: the enthalpy change associated with the binding of the second ion is more negative than that of the first (ΔH°bind,2 < ΔH°bind,1). This remarkable finding is supported by continuum electrostatic theory as well as by atomic scale replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations, where the latter robustly reproduces experimental trends for all simulated salts, KCl, KI, and KSCN, using multiple force fields. While an enthalpic K+–K+attraction in water poses a small, but fundamentally important, contribution to the overall interaction, the probability of the collapsed conformation (COL) of BCETB, where both crown ether moieties (CEs) of BCETB are bent in toward the cavity, was found to increase successively upon binding of the first and second potassium ions. The promotion of the COL conformation reveals favorable intrinsic interactions between the potassium coordinated CEs, which further contribute to the observation that ΔH°bind,2 < ΔH°bind,1. While the observed trend is independent of the counterion, the origin of the significantly larger magnitude of the difference ΔH°bind,2 - ΔH°bind,1 observed experimentally for KSCN was studied in light of the weaker hydration of the thiocyanate anion, resulting in an enrichment of thiocyanate ions close to BCETB compared to the other studied counterions.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Li, Yutang, et al.
(författare)
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Enantiotopic Discrimination by Coordination-Desymmetrized meso-Ligands
- 2020
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Ingår i: ChemCatChem. - : Wiley. - 1867-3880 .- 1867-3899. ; 12:6, s. 1575-1579
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The first examples of enantiopure catalysts that are chiral merely due to coordination of different metal ions at enantiotopic positions of an achiral meso-ligand are reported. These catalysts exhibit a pseudo-Cs symmetry and are able to catalyze reactions demanding simultaneous involvement of two catalytic sites. The latter was demonstrated by application in the asymmetric ring-opening of meso-epoxides.
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| 5. |
- Lidskog, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Asymmetric ring-opening of epoxides catalyzed by metal–salen complexes
- 2020
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Ingår i: Catalysts. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4344. ; 10:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The asymmetric ring-opening of epoxides is an important reaction in organic synthesis, since it allows for the enantioselective installation of two vicinal functional groups with specific stereochemistry within one step from a highly available starting material. An effective class of catalysts for the asymmetric ring-opening of epoxides is metal–salen complexes. This review summarizes the development of metal–salen catalyzed enantioselective desymmetrization of meso-epoxides and kinetic resolution of epoxides with various nucleophiles, including the design and application of both homogeneous- and heterogeneous epoxide-opening catalysts as well as multi-metallic covalent and supramolecular catalytic systems.
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| 6. |
- Lidskog, Anna
(författare)
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Bicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes as Scaffolds in Supramolecular Chemistry : From Host-Guest Systems to Hydrogen-Bonded Aggregates
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis describes the use of bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane and its heteroanalogue 1,5- diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane as scaffolds in different supramolecular systems. The thesis is divided into two parts, with the first part (chapter 2–4) focusing on the development and applications of a synthetic receptor based on a Tröger’s base motif fused with 18-crown-6 moieties. In chapter 3, NMR titration methodology was used to determine relative association constants and binding energies of the binding between the receptor and differently substituted bisammonium ligands. A small but evident discrimination based solely on the substituent was found, with phenyl- and methyl-substituted ligands forming stronger receptor-ligand complexes than ligands with no or larger substituents. By combining the estimated relative binding energies with results from conformational analyses of the receptor-ligand complexes, the free binding energies between a methyl or a phenyl group and an aromatic cavity were estimated to -0.40 and -0.80 kcal/mol, respectively, which is comparable to previously reported values for similar CH-π and π-π interactions.In chapter 4, the consecutive binding of potassium ions to the same ditopic receptor in water is studied. ITC experiments revealed a counterintuitive result: that the binding of the second potassium ion is enthalpically favored compared to the binding of the first. A combination of experiments and simulations were employed to investigate how different factors influence the thermodynamics of the binding process, resulting in the finding that both the counterion and intrinsic favorable interactions between the two potassium-bound crown-ethers contribute to the observed thermodynamic trends. Although further investigations are needed to fully elucidate the different contributions, the herein presented study offers valuable insights into factors affecting receptor/ligand interactions in water.The second part of the thesis (chapter 5–6) describes hydrogen-bonding monomers capable of self- assembling into cyclic and tubular aggregates. With the aim of developing amphiphilic monomers, polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains were introduced to the bicyclic backbone of the monomers. The synthesis and self-assembly of two new PEGylated monomers is described and compared to previously reported alkylated analogues. Both new monomers were capable of forming hydrogen-bonded cyclic aggregates. The effect of the PEG chains on the aggregate stability was found to depend on the hydrogen bond strength. One of the monomers exhibited the desired amphiphilicity and could be extracted from an aqueos solution into a chloroform solution, where self-assembly into cyclic tetramers occurred.
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| 7. |
- Lidskog, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Interprofessional education on a training ward for older people : students' conceptions of nurses, occupational therapists and social workers.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Interprofessional Care. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1356-1820 .- 1469-9567. ; 21:4, s. 387-399
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Collaboration between professionals in health and social care is essential to meet the needs of the patient. The collaboration is dependent on knowledge and understanding of each other's roles. One means of improving communication and collaboration among professionals is interprofessional education. The aim of this study was to describe the variation in how students in nursing, occupational therapy and social work perceived their own and the other professions. Over a three-week period two interviews were conducted with each of 16 students who were on an interprofessional training ward for older people in a municipal setting in Sweden. A phenomenographical approach was used in the analysis of the interviews. The findings showed great variation in how the students perceived the professions, from simplistic in terms of tasks to a more complex conception in terms of knowledge, responsibility and values. Differences in the ways professions were described concerning their professional stance towards the patients were especially accentuated. The findings indicate that the students need opportunities for reflection on and scrutiny of each other's beliefs and knowledge. The influence of interprofessional education involving reflection on the different health-care professions needs to be explored in future research.
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| 8. |
- Lidskog, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Learning about each other : Students' conceptions before and after interprofessional education on a training ward
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Interprofessional Care. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1356-1820 .- 1469-9567. ; 22:5, s. 521-533
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In interprofessional work the striving of the members of each profession to establish their own positive in-group identity can be a source of conflict and have a negative effect on care. To counteract this, interprofessional training wards (IPTWs) have been developed in Sweden. The aim of the present study was to investigate similarities and differences in how student nurses, student occupational therapists and student social workers perceived their own and the other two professions before and after clinical education on an IPTW. Sixteen students were interviewed before and after the training on an IPTW in municipal care for older people in Sweden. A coding scheme developed in an earlier study was used in the analysis of the interviews. The findings indicate that there are changes in the students' stereotyped views, enhancing understanding of each other's professions after three weeks' clinical education on the IPTW. In some areas, however, there are still discrepancies between the description of own profession and the others' understanding of this profession that need to be confronted. In interprofessional training during education in social and health care there needs to be a balance between on the one hand the particular professional identity, on the other the shared identity implied by membership of the health-care team focusing on a common goal.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Lidskog, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Learning through participating on an interprofessional training ward
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Interprofessional Care. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1356-1820 .- 1469-9567. ; 23:5, s. 486-497
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Learning in clinical education can be understood as a process of becoming a legitimate participant in the relevant context. Interprofessional training wards (IPTWs) are designed to give students from educational programmes in health and social care a realistic experience of collaboration for the purpose of developing teamwork skills. IPTWs have been found to be appreciated by the students and to influence students' understanding of each other's professions. The aim of this study was to describe and analyse the students' learning on an interprofessional training ward in care for older persons through focusing on the students' ways of participating in the communities of practice on the ward. A case study design was chosen. Multiple data sources were used. The findings show that the students engaged as active participants in the care. At the same time there was sometimes a discrepancy between on the one hand expectations and goals, on the other hand actual participation. There were difficulties in making the training relevant for all the student groups involved. The findings indicate that in the planning of interprofessional education the choice of setting and learning situations is crucial with regard to the learning that will occur.
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| 11. |
- Lidskog, Marie, 1961-
(författare)
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Learning with, from and about each other : interprofessional education on a training ward in municipal care for older persons
- 2008
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall aim of this thesis was to describe and evaluate interprofessional education on an interprofessional training ward in municipal care for older persons. Interprofessional education has for some years now been proposed as a means to meet the call for effective collaboration, co-ordination and quality in health and social care. On the interprofessional training ward considered in this thesis, stu-dents from nursing, occupational therapy and social work programmes worked together for three weeks to learn with, from and about each other. In the first study (I) students’ perceptions and attitudes concerning the training on the ward were studied. An attitude questionnaire and a retrospective goal-fulfilment questionnaire were distributed to all students. Non-parametric statistics were used for the quantitative analysis, and qualitative content analysis for the qualitative parts. The results showed that the students had positive attitudes to-wards the training ward and in most respects the learning goals set up for the course were considered to have been met. In Studies II and III the focus was on students’ knowledge and understanding of their own and the others’ professions. Sixteen students were interviewed before and after. In the analysis of the interviews a phenomenographic approach was used. The findings showed a variation from simplistic conceptions of the profes-sions in terms of tasks to more complex conceptions in terms of the profession’s knowledge, responsibility and values. Differences in the ways professions were described concerning their professional stance towards the patients were espe-cially accentuated. The comparison between before and after indicated that there were changes in the students’ views. In some areas, however, there remained dis-crepancies between students’ understanding of their own profession and the oth-ers’ understanding of this profession. To promote mutual agreement on each other’s role this needs to be given careful consideration. In the fourth study (IV) the focus was on the students’ participation in the community of practice on the ward, and the findings reveal an ambivalent picture of this participation (and thus of their learning). The students collaborated in the care of the patients. However, they sometimes experienced a gap between expec-tations and reality with regard to both the profession-specific and the interprofes-sional training on the ward: what they had to do was sometimes felt to be be-neath their qualifications and irrelevant to the programme of education they were pursuing. This applied to all three groups, but especially student social workers. Interprofessional training wards can promote interprofessional learning, but it is crucial that setting should be right: it needs to be realistic for all the students involved, offering relevant profession-specific and interprofessional tasks and situations where the students can develop skills in collaborative, patient-centred care.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Lidskog, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Students' learning experiences from interprofessional collaboration on a training ward in municipal care
- 2008
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Ingår i: Learning in Health and Social Care. - : Wiley. - 1473-6853 .- 1473-6861. ; 7:3, s. 134-145
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One way to offer students pursuing health and social care programmes realistic experiences of teamwork is interprofessional training wards where students from different educational programmes learn teamwork by working together. In the present study, a training ward in municipal care for older people was evaluated. Students from occupational therapy, nursing and social work programmes worked together on the ward for 3 weeks to learn with, from and about each other. The aim of the study was to compare students' attitudes towards practice on a training ward before and after and to evaluate goal fulfilment after 3 weeks' interprofessional education on a training ward. An attitude questionnaire was distributed to all students before and after their time on the ward, supplemented with a retrospective goal-fulfilment questionnaire afterwards. The results show that the collaborative, social experience the training ward offers was appreciated by the students and in most respects, met the learning goals set up for the course. The most important learning experience was working together in a real-life setting. However, there are some issues to take into consideration when planning and developing training wards. The setting needs to be realistic and relevant in relation to future roles for all of the student groups involved. The value and purpose of engaging together in basic patient care needs to be the subject of further investigation. When it comes to fostering competent team-workers, training wards seem to be one way forward. But to fully understand the challenges and difficulties involved in planning these wards, the learning achieved must be understood in the context of the setting as a whole, in all its aspects.
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| 14. |
- Lindahl, Karin Beland, et al.
(författare)
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The Swedish forestry model : more of everything?
- 2017
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Ingår i: Forest Policy and Economics. - : Elsevier. - 1389-9341 .- 1872-7050. ; 77, s. 44-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- "The Swedish forestry model" refers to the forest regime that evolved following the 1993 revision of the Swedish Forestry Act. It is key to Swedish forest politics and used to capture the essence of a sustainable way of managing forests. However, the ideas, institutions and practices comprising the model have not been comprehensively analyzed previously. Addressing this knowledge gap, we use frame analysis and a Pathways approach to investigate the underlying governance model, focusing on the way policy problems are addressed, goals, implementation procedures, outcomes and the resulting pathways to sustainability. We suggest that the institutionally embedded response to pressing sustainability challenges and increasing demands is expansion, inclusion and integration: more of everything. The more-of-everything pathway is influenced by ideas of ecological modernization and the optimistic view that existing resources can be increased. Our findings suggest that in effect it prioritizes the economic dimension of sustainability. While broadening out policy formulation it closes down the range of alternative outputs, a shortcoming that hampers its capacity to respond to current sustainability challenges. Consequently, there is a need for a broad public debate regarding not only the role of forests in future society, but also the operationalization of sustainable development.
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| 15. |
- Mårald, Erland, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Forest governance and management across time : developing a new forest social contract
- 2017
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Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- The influence of the past, and of the future on current-time tradeoffs in the forest arena are particularly relevant given the long-term successions in forest landscapes and the hundred years' rotations in forestry. Historically established path dependencies and conflicts determine our present situation and delimit what is possible to achieve. Similarly, future trends and desires have a large influence on decision making. Nevertheless, decisions about forest governance and management are always made in the present – in the present-time appraisal of the developed situation, future alternatives and in negotiation between different perspectives, interests, and actors.This book explores historic and future outlooks as well as current tradeoffs and methods in forest governance and management. It emphasizes the generality and complexity with empirical data from Sweden and internationally. It first investigates, from a historical perspective, how previous forest policies and discourses have influenced current forest governance and management. Second, it considers methods to explore alternative forest futures and how the results from such investigations may influence the present. Third, it examines current methods of balancing tradeoffs in decision-making among ecosystem services. Based on the findings the authors develop an integrated approach – Reflexive Forestry – to support exchange of knowledge and understandings to enable capacity building and the establishment of common ground. Such societal agreements, or what the authors elaborate as forest social contracts, are sets of relational commitment between involved actors that may generate mutual action and a common directionality to meet contemporary challenges.
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| 16. |
- Sayuli Fransson, Anna-Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Framing issues and forming opinions : the Baltic Sea pipeline in the Swedish media
- 2011
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Ingår i: European Spatial Research and Policy. - : De Gruyter Open. - 1231-1952 .- 1896-1525. ; 18:2, s. 95-110
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A 1200-km-long gas pipeline currently under construction in the Baltic Sea will run from Vyborg in the Gulf of Finland, through the economic zones of Finland, Sweden, and Denmark, to Greifswald in north-eastern Germany. Despite the precarious environmental situation of the Baltic Sea, these four countries have approved the route. This paper examines Sweden’s approval of the submarine pipeline route, highlighting Swedish media reporting preceding the governmental decision. Most articles framed the pipeline as a matter of national security or economics, neglecting its environmental effects; any environmental arguments used frequently served merely to supplement a national security or economics story.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Wall, Erika, 1978-
(författare)
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Riskförståelse : Teoretiska och empiriska perspektiv
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The thesis introduces the concept of ‘sense-making of risk’ (riskförståelse) for the purpose of the theoretical and empirical study of the individual’s sense-making of risk. Particular weight is attached to an examination of the term’s various components, its compass, and the relationship between sense-making of risk and behaviour. The premise is that risk is created and defined by the common conceptions that exist within the framework of a specific social context; the effect is to focus attention on the significance of social and cultural contexts. To provide a full picture of sense-making of risk, and risk behaviour, and to study these phenomena using a variety of methodological perspectives, the data was gathered from both polls and focus-group interviews. It is in the first article, based on a focus-group interview study, that the concept of sense-making of risk is introduced: the empirical results demonstrate that it can be used to chart how young people with similar risk perceptions differ in their understanding of a variety of risks. A theoretical model is proposed that establishes that there are two dimensions to the individual’s sense-making of risk. The second article considers young people’s risk behaviour in traffic milieus. The principal conclusion drawn in this study is that the individual’s sense-making of risk is insufficient to explain behaviour in relation to risk: the spatial context must also be taken into account. The third article focuses on the relationship between place attachment and sense-making of risk, and demonstrates that various aspects of place attachment have implications for the individual’s sense-making of risk. The fourth and final article offers a cluster analysis. The article’s most important result is its refinement of the theoretical concepts. Structure of meaning is singled out as the basis for the individual’s sense-making of risk. In its empirical application the concept was shown to be useful in studying the behavioural differences between various social groups, since grouping by structure of meaning furnishes an explanation for variations in risk and risk-reducing behaviour. The introductory and concluding chapters assemble the studies’ findings and offer a full account of the concept of sense-making of risk. The thesis’ most important conceptual contribution is to the question of how the individual arrives at a personal sense-making of risk. However, it will fall to future studies to establish the concept’s general applicability by considering its theoretical ramifications and empirical implementation. In this way, sense-making of risk can take its place in a specifically sociological conceptual apparatus that focuses on how the individual relates to risk.
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